in the periodic tables
elements in the same column have the same charge
in a compound oxidation numbers have to equal 0
1.
sulfur in Li2SO3
charges :
Li = +1 S = +4 O = -2
multiply the charge with the subscripted number next to the element
Li = +1
Li2 = +2
O = -2
O3 = -8
in a compound oxidation numbers have to equal 0
+2 S -6 = 0
S -4 = 0
S = +4
Sulfur = +4
2.
MgCl2
Mg = +2
+2 Cl2 = 0
Cl2 = -2
Cl by itself = -2 divided by 2 = -1
Chlorine = -1
3.
SiO2
Silicon = +4
4.
Sulfur in H2SO4
H: +1 S: +6 O: -2
H2SO4
H2 : +2 O4: -8
+2 +S -8 = 0
S - 6 = 0
S = +6
Sulfur = +6
5.
Sulfur in SO4^2-
Sulfur in SO4
Sulfur = +4
6.
Manganese in MnO4^-
Manganese in MnO4
Manganese = +4
7.
Cr2O7^2-
Dichromate
Cr in Cr2O7^2- or Cr2O7-2-
Cr: +6 O: -2
Given the following reaction:
2 HCl(aq) + Mg(s) <--> MgCl2(aq) + H2(g) + heat
When the temperature is decreased what changes occur?
Group of answer choices
A. In order to restore equilibrium, the reaction shifts right, towards reactants.
B. In order to restore equilbrium, the reaction shifts left, towards products.
C. In order to restore equilibrium, the reaction shifts left, towards reactants.
D. In order to restore equilibrium, the reaction shifts right, towards products.
Answer:D. In order to restore equilibrium, the reaction shifts right, towards products
Explanation:
Suppose you have 4.0 moles of aqueous barium chloride, and you mix this with aluminum sulfate solution. How many moles of aluminum chloride can you produce?
Answer:
2.7
Explanation:
The equation of the reaction is
3 BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3 = 3 BaSO4 + 2 AlCl3
So, frok the coefficients of the equation, the answer is 2.7
2.67 moles of aluminum chloride can be produce if we have 4.0 moles of aqueous barium chloride, and we mix this with aluminum sulfate solution.
The balanced chemical reaction is :
3BaCl₂ + Al₂(SO₄)₃ ---> 3BaSO₄ + 2AlCl₃
When aqueous barium chloride is mixed with aluminum sulfate solution, a double displacement reaction occurs. The barium ions from barium chloride react with the sulfate ions from aluminum sulfate to form insoluble barium sulfate precipitate. At the same time, the aluminum ions from aluminum sulfate react with the chloride ions from barium chloride to form aluminum chloride.
Given :
Number of Moles of BaCl₂ = 4.0 moles
From the balanced chemical reaction,moles of AlCl₃:
= (4.0 moles BaCl₂) (2 moles AlCl₃/3 moles BaCl₂)
= 2.67 moles AlCl₃
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What is the charge on the potassium ion?
Select one:
a.
1 +
b.
1 -
c.
2 -
d.
2 +
Answer:
a.) 1+
Explanation:
Potassium (K) is located in the first column of the periodic table.
These elements have 1 valence electron. As such, in order to obtain a full octet (8 valence electrons), these elements are likely to lose 1 electron. When this occurs, the element gains an overall charge of 1+ because the positively-charged protons now outnumber the negatively-charged electrons by 1.
The density of molybdenum is 10.28 g/cm^3 and it crystallizes in the face centered cubic unit cell. Calculate the edge length of the unit cell. (The atomic mass of Mo is 95.96 g/mole)
The edge length of the unit cell at the given atomic mass and density of the molybdenum is 314.2 pm.
What is cubic unit cell?The cubic unit cell is the smallest repeating unit when all angles are 90 degrees and all lengths are equal.
Volume of molybdenumThe volume of the molybdenum is calculated from mass and density of the molybdenum as shown below;
V = (zm/ρN)
where;
z is 2 for cubic unit cellm is mass of the molybdenumρ is density of the molybdenumV = (2 x 95.96) / (10.28 x 6.02 x 10²³)
V = 3.10 x 10⁻²³ cm³
Edge length of the unit cella³ = V
a = (V)^¹/₃
a = ( 3.10 x 10⁻²³)^¹/₃
a = 3.142 x 10⁻⁸ cm
a = 3.142 x 10⁻¹⁰ m
a = 314.2 x 10⁻¹² m
a = 314.2 pm
Thus, the edge length of the unit cell at the given atomic mass and density of the molybdenum is 314.2 pm.
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Given the reaction:
N2(g) + 3 H2(g) <--> 2 NH3(g)
If the system is at equilibrium, what will happen is pressure is added?
Group of answer choices
A. Nothing. Pressure does not affect equilibrium position.
B. The reaction will shift to the right to produce more product.
C. All of the above
D. The reaction will shift to the left to produce more reactants
Answer:
B.) The reaction will shift to the right to produce more product.
Explanation:
When the pressure of a reaction is increased, the equilibrium shifts to the side with less moles of gas.
You can determine the moles of gas by adding the coefficients on each side of the reaction. The reactants have 4 moles of gas (1 + 3 = 4) and the products have 2 moles of gas. Since there are less moles of gas on the product side, the equilibrium will shift to that side. As such, more product will be produced.
Calculate the pOH of a 0.0143 M NaOH solution at 25 ⁰C.
1.845
6.993 x 10⁻¹³
12.155
-1.845
Answer:
A.) 1.845
Explanation:
You can find the pOH using the following equation:
pOH = -log[OH⁻]
Since NaOH dissociates into 1 Na⁺ and 1 OH⁻, the concentration of both ions is 0.0143 M.
pOH = -log[OH⁻]
pOH = -log[0.0143]
pOH = 1.845
How is proper science validated?
*assumptions and quantitative data
*opinions and beliefs
*tests and personal claims
*experimentation and testing
Answer:
uestion
Answers 27
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I think we make a mistake when we consider that data are qualitative if they come from applying qualitative methods and techniques or if they are collected in qualitative researches. I think we make the same mistake when we consider quantitative all data collected through, for example, questionnaires.
I think we have to consider the qualitative or quantitative character of data looking exclusively at data. Are they numeric? Are they textual or visual?
I think (as Traian Rotariu argues) that quantitative data are numeric and that qualitative data are textual or visual and that we could gather quantitative and qualitative data with each and every method and technique being it qualitative or quantitative.
For example most of the data gathered with questionnaires are qualitative in their primary form: opinions, gender, preferences etc. and just a few are quantitative in their primary form: income, age, children's number And more
20.0g of H2(g) and 32g of O2(g) are reacted produce H2O(l). The amount of hydrogen left behind after completion of reaction is?
Answer:
8 moles = 16 gm of H2 left over
Explanation:
The balanced equation is
2 H2 + O2 ===> 2 H2 O
20 g H2 = 20 g / 2 gm/mole = 10 moles of H2
32 g O2 = 32g / 32 g / mole = 1 mole O2
From the balanced equation, you can see each 2 moles of H2 requires 1 Mole of O2
you would need 20 moles of O 2 to react withe the 10 moles of H2
but you only have 1 mole of O2 so 8 moles of H2 will be left
The pressure on 20 mL of a gas at constant temperature is changed from 4.0 atm to 2.0 atm. What is the new volume?
Answer:
40 ml
Explanation:
boyles law
Pi Vi = PƒVƒ
4 * 20 = 2 * Vƒ
40 ml = Vƒ
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In the reaction:
Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)
How does the equilibrium shift if the HCl concentration is increased?
Group of answer choices
A. To the reactants
B. No change will occur
C. To the products
D. The equilibrium will initially shift but eventually be uneffected.
The equilibrium shift if the HCl concentration is increased to the product.
Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)
What is effect of concentration on equilibrium?If the concentration of a substance is changed, then the equilibrium will shift in such a way that it minimise the effect of change which occur. If we increase the concentration of a reactant, then the equilibrium will shift to minimize the changes in the direction of the reaction which uses the reactants, so that the reactant concentration decreases.
Factor affecting concentration of reactionThe temperature: As we increasing the temperature, the average speed of the reactant molecules also increases. As many molecules move faster, the large number of molecules moving fast enough to react increases, make the faster formation of products.pressure and concentration of the system are the factors which affect equilibrium.Thus, we concluded that with increase in the concentration of reactant equilibrium shift forward.
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Find the number of moles of the following substances 210 grams of NaHCO3
The number of moles of 210 grams of NaHCO₃ is 2.5 moles.
How to find the Number of moles ?To calculate the number of moles use the formula
Number of moles = [tex]\frac{\text{Given Mass}}{\text{Molar Mass}}[/tex]
Mass of NaHCO₃ = 210 g
Now we have to find the Molar mass of NaHCO₃
= Atomic mass of Na + Atomic mass of H + Atomic mass of C + 3 (Atomic mass of O)
= 23 + 1 + 12 + 3 (16)
= 36 + 48
= 84 g/mol
Now put the value in above formula we get
Number of moles = [tex]\frac{\text{Given Mass}}{\text{Molar Mass}}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{210\ g}{84\ g/mol}[/tex]
= 2.5 moles
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that The number of moles of 210 grams of NaHCO₃ is 2.5 moles.
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How many grams of NaOH are needed to make a 250.0 mL or a 4.2 M NaOH solution?
Group of answer choices
A. 1.05 grams NaOH
B. 42,000 grams NaOH
C. 42 grams NaOH
D. 1050 grams NaOH
Answer:
C.) 42 grams NaOH
Explanation:
To find the mass of NaOH, you need to (1) find the moles (using the molarity equation) and then (2) convert moles to grams (using the molar mass).
(Step 1)
250.0 mL / 1,000 = 0.2500 L
Molarity = moles / volume (L)
4.2 M = moles / 0.2500 L
1.05 = moles
(Step 2)
Molar Mass (NaOH): 22.990 g/mol + 15.998 g/mol + 1.008 g/mol
Molar Mass (NaOH): 39.996 g/mol
1.05 moles NaOH 39.996 g
----------------------------- x ------------------ = 42 grams NaOH
1 mole
URGENT
A 10 M concentrated stock solution of NaCl is used to prepare 3 liters of diluted 1 M solution. Which of the following is true for the process used to achieve the required dilution?
The volume of stock solution used is less than 0.2 liters.
The volume of stock solution used is less than 3 liters.
The volume of the solvent used is less than 0.2 liters.
The volume of the solvent used is more than 3 liters.
Taking into account the definition of dilution, the answer is "The volume of stock solution used is less than 3 Liters."
DilutionWhen it is desired to prepare a less concentrated solution from a more concentrated one, it is called dilution.
Dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of solute in solution, which is accomplished by simply adding more solvent to the solution at the same amount of solute.
In a dilution the amount of solute does not change, but as more solvent is added, the concentration of the solute decreases, as the volume (and weight) of the solution increases.
A dilution is mathematically expressed as:
Ci×Vi = Cf×Vf
where
Ci: initial concentrationVi: initial volumeCf: final concentrationVf: final volumeVolume of stock solution usedIn this case, you know:
Ci= 10 MVi= ?Cf= 1 MVf= 3 LReplacing in the definition of dilution:
10 M× Vi= 1 M× 3 L
Solving:
Vi= (1 M× 3 L)÷ 10 M
Vi= 0.3 L
In summary, to prepare 3 Liters of 1 M solution, you need 0.3 L of the 10 M concentration stock solution and dilute to 3 L. Therefore, the answer is "The volume of stock solution used is less than 3 Liters."
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Nuclear explosions require a specific amount of mass to trigger and self-sustain a nuclear chain reaction. That mass is called the
Answer:
Explanation:
The term you want is the critical mass. It is the mass needed to trigger a nuclear reaction and keep it going.
Approximately 104 pounds of Uranium 235 is needed for the critical mass to occur. If it is less than 104 pounds, no reaction will occur.
Solve this organic transformation....use - Br2,CCl4,KOH,CH3OH,Hg+2,diluted H2SO4, PCC,HBr,Mg,Dry ether,Na,H2,Pd,quinoline
Organic transformation sequential equation using catalysts will be as follows:
2CH3-CH2-O => (alc. KOH) => CH2=CH2 + KCl + H2O => (Br2/CCl4) => CH2Br-CH2Br + Zn
CH2Br-CH2Br + Zn => (HBr /Pd) => CH2=CH2+ZnBr2
As can be visualized from above organic transformation equation, conversion of dry ether in presence of alkaline potassium hydroxide results in formation of unstable ethene. This dry unsaturated compound of ethene is stabilized by reaction that happens in presence of bromine or calcium tetrachloride as the catalyst which results in formation of ethylene bromide which in presence of highly efficient palladium as catalyst results in formation of stable ethene as byproduct. Thereby with formation of stable compound of ethylene, it releases zinc bromide as byproduct resulting completion of reaction equation. This stable product ethene is a double bonded carbon structure that is chemically extremely flammable and has planar structure.
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Give the IUPAC name of 2,2,3-trimethyl butane and draw it's corrosponding structure.
I hope this helps you ...
If a chemical reaction produces 20.0 grams of product, but by stoichiometry it is supposed to have 25.0 grams of product; what is the percent yield of the reaction?
Group of answer choices
A. 125%
B. 75%
C. 20%
D. 80%
Answer:
d
Explanation:
d
what is mb for CH3NH2….
Answer:
A.) [tex]K_b = \frac{[CH_3NH_3^+][OH^-]}{[CH_3NH_2]}[/tex]
Explanation:
The general Kb expression is:
[tex]K_b = \frac{[HA][OH^-]}{[A^-]}[/tex]
In this equation
-----> Kb = equilibrium constant
-----> [HA] = acid
-----> [A⁻] = base
Since liquids are not included in equilibrium expressions, H₂O should not be present. The products are in the numerator while the reactant are in the denominator. In this reaction, CH₃NH₂ is acting as a base and CH₃NH₃⁺ is acting as an acid.
As such, the expression is:
[tex]K_b = \frac{[CH_3NH_3^+][OH^-]}{[CH_3NH_2]}[/tex]
What is the number of moles of hydrochloric acid will there be in 10 mL of a given solution with a molarity of 0.5 mol/L?
Answer:
You are on the right track.
Explanation:
Indeed, your approach here will be to use the molar mass of aluminium hydroxide to convert the mass of the sample to moles and the mole ratio that exists between the two reactants to find the number of moles of hydrochloric acid consumed.
Al
(
OH
)
3
(
s
)
+
3
HCl
(
a
q
)
→
AlCl
3
(
a
q
)
+
3
H
2
O
(
l
)
The balanced chemical equation tells you that the reaction consumes
3
moles of hydrochloric acid and produces
3
moles of water for every
1
mole of aluminium hydroxide that takes part in the reaction.
So you can say that you have
0.75
g
⋅
the molar mass of Al
(
OH
)
3
1 mole Al
(
OH
)
3
78
g
⋅
the 1:3 mole ratio
3 moles HCl
1
mole Al
(
OH
)
3
=
0.029 moles HCl
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Since you know that the reaction produces the same number of moles of water as the number of moles of hydrochloric acid it consumes--the two chemical species have a
3
:
3
mole ratio in the balanced chemical equation--you can use the molar mass of water to say that the reaction will produce
0.029
moles H
2
O
⋅
18.015 g
1
mole H
2
O
=
0.52 g
−−−−−
The answers are rounded to two sig figs, the number of sig figs you have for the mass of aluminium hydroxide.
Explanation:
#ClaratheBrainlyQueen
Answer: 0.005 mol
Explanation:
Given information
Volume = 10 mL
Molarity = 0.5 mol / L
Given formula
Molarity = Mole / Volume
Convert volume unit to liters
1 L = 1000 mL
10 mL = 10 / 1000 = 0.01 L
Substitute values into the formula
Molarity = Mole / Volume
Mole = Molarity × Volume
Mole = (0.5) × (0.01)
Simplify by multiplication
[tex]\Large\boxed{Mole~=~0.005~mol}[/tex]
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An aluminum plant produces 60 million kg of aluminum per year. It takes 17 kWh of electricity to produce 1.0 kg of aluminum. How much electricity does the plant use for aluminum production in 1 year?
Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.
The amount of electricity the plant will use for aluminum production in 1 year is 102×10⁷ KWh of electricity
Data obtained from the questionFrom the question given above, the following data were obtained:
Electricity per Kg of Aluminum = 17 kWh of electricityElectricity for 60000000 Kg of Aluminum = ?How to determine the amount of electricity neededThe amount of electricity needed to produce the aluminum for 1 year can be obtained as illustrated below:
From the question given above,
1 Kg of Aluminum required 17 KWh of electricity
Therefore,
60000000 Kg of Aluminum will require = 60000000 × 17 = 102×10⁷ KWh of electricity
Thus, the amount of electricity needed to produce the aluminum for 1 year is 102×10⁷ KWh of electricity
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Calculate the vapor pressure of a solution of 32.5 g of glycerol (C3H8O3) in 500.0 g of water at 25°C. The vapor pressure of water at 25°C is 23.76 torr. (Assume ideal behavior.)
The vapor pressure is obtained as 23.47 torr.
What is the vapor pressure?Given that; p = x1p°
p = vapor pressure of the solution
x1 = mole fraction of the solvent
p° = vapor pressure of the pure solvent
Δp = p°(1 - x1)
Δp =x2p°
Δp = vapor pressure lowering
x2 = mole fraction of the of the solute
Number of moles of glycerol = 32.5 g/92 g/mol = 0.35 moles
Number of moles of water = 500.0 g/18 g/mol = 27.8 moles
Total number of moles = 0.35 moles + 27.8 moles = 28.15 moles
Mole fraction of glycerol = 0.35 moles/28.15 moles = 0.012
Mole fraction of water = 27.8 moles/28.15 moles =0.99
Δp = 0.012 * 23.76 torr
Δp = 0.285 torr
p1 = p° - Δp
p1 = 23.76 torr - 0.285 torr
p1 = 23.47 torr
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How much heat is needed to melt 100.0 grams of ice that is already at 0°C?
Group of answer choices
A. +33,400J
B. -226,000 J
C. +226,000 J
D. -33,400J
Taking into account the definition of calorimetry and latent heat, the heat needed to melt 100.0 grams of ice that is already at 0°C is 33,400 J (option A).
CalorimetryCalorimetry is the measurement and calculation of the amounts of heat exchanged by a body or a system.
Latent heatLatent heat is defined as the energy required by a quantity of substance to change state.
When this change consists of changing from a solid to a liquid phase, it is called heat of fusion and when the change occurs from a liquid to a gaseous state, it is called heat of vaporization.
In this case, the heat Q that is necessary to provide for a mass m of a certain substance to change phase is equal to
Q = m×L
where L is called the latent heat of the substance and depends on the type of phase change.
Heat needed to melt iceIn this case, you have to melt the ice into liquid water.Being the specific heat of melting of ice is 334 J/g, the heat needed to melt 100 grams of ice is calculated as:
Q= 100 grams× 334 J/g
Solving:
Q= 33,400 J
In summary, the heat needed to melt 100.0 grams of ice that is already at 0°C is 33,400 J (option A).
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[Ir(NH3)₂CI(CO)] draw cis and trans isomers
The IUPAC name of this compound is diamminecarbonylchloroIridium ..
What are Isomers?Isomers are structure of compund in different forms but they have same molecular mass .
The cis and trans form are given in the picture
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If the temperature of a gas increased from 100 K to 200 K and the volume of a gas decreased from 20 L to 10 L, what is the new pressure if the original pressure was 100 kPa?
Group of answer choices
A. 100 kPa
B. 400 kPa
C. 200 kPa
D. 50 kPa
Answer:
B. 400 kPa
Explanation:
the pressure increases, when the temperature increases. and it increases, when the volume decreases.
both cases happen here, each with the factor 2.
so, the pressure increases by the factor 2×2 = 4.
4×100 = 400 kPa
Which of the following ionic formulas is INCORRECT?
a) K₂O
b) Fe₂(SO4)_3
c) CUPO4
d) (NH4)_2S
e) CaBr₂
Answer:
c) CuPO₄
Explanation:
Copper commonly forms the cation Cu²⁺.
Phosphate is a polyatomic anion which can be represented by PO₄³⁻.
In order to have proper charge balance (an overall charge of 0), there must be three copper cations and two phosphate anions within the compound. As such, the correct ionic formula is Cu₃(PO₄)₂.
What is the identity of a metal that has a mass of 27.0 g and a volume of 10.0 cm3?
Group of answer choices
A. Gold
B. Aluminum
C. Lead
D. Copper
The identity of a metal that has a mass of 27.0g and a volume of 10.0cm is Aluminium. That is option B.
What is molar mass?Molar mass is defined as the mass in grams of one mole of an element. This is measured in grams/mole of that substance.
The metal that is 27.0 g and a volume of 10.0 cm3 is aluminium because aluminium is 27 times heavier than 1/12th of the mass of carbon-12 atom.
Therefore, the identity of a metal that has a mass of 27.0g and a volume of 10.0cm is Aluminium.
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If the temperature of a gas is increased from 20°C to 35°C, what is the new pressure if the original pressure was 1.2 atm? Assume that volume is constant.
Group of answer choices
A. 0.6 atm
B. 1.3 atm
C. 1.0 atm
D. 2.6 atm
Answer:
B.) 1.3 atm
Explanation:
To find the new pressure, you need to use Gay-Lussac's Law:
P₁ / T₁ = P₂ / T₂
In this equation, "P₁" and "T₁" represent the initial pressure and temperature. "P₂" and "T₂" represent the final pressure and temperature. After converting the temperatures from Celsius to Kelvin, you can plug the given values into the equation and simplify to find P₂.
P₁ = 1.2 atm P₂ = ? atm
T₁ = 20 °C + 273 = 293 K T₂ = 35 °C + 273 = 308 K
P₁ / T₁ = P₂ / T₂ <----- Gay-Lussac's Law
(1.2 atm) / (293 K) = P₂ / (308 K) <----- Insert values
0.0041 = P₂ / (308 K) <----- Simplify left side
1.3 = P₂ <----- Multiply both sides by 308
What are the component of black powder and why are they needed to cause an explosion
Hi There!
Black powder is an explosive powder consisting of saltpeter, sulfur, and charcoal, used chiefly in old guns fired for sport, in fireworks, and for spotting charges in practice bombs; black gunpowder.
In addition to being easily ignited by friction and impact, black powder is also extremely sensitive to flame and spark. It ignites violently when unconstrained and explodes when lit in even the slightest amount of confinement.
Thank you,
Eddie
A 24.5 mL sample of a 0.376 M aqueous hypochlorous acid solution is titrated with a 0.487 M aqueous potassium hydroxide solution. What is the pH at the start of the titration, before any potassium hydroxide has been added?
The pH of the solution when no base is added is 0.424.
An aqueous solution's acidity or basicity can be determined using the pH scale. The pH values of acidic solutions are typically lower than those of basic or alkaline solutions.
The chemical formula of hypochlorous acid is HClO.
1 mole of HClO produces 1 mole of hydrogen ions and 1 mole of fluoride ions.
KOH (aq) + HClO (aq) → KClO (l) + H2O (l)
To calculate the pH of the solution when no base is added, we use the equation:
[tex]p_{H} = - log {H}^{+}[/tex]
We are given:
[tex]H^{+} = 0.376 M[/tex]
Putting values in the above equation, we get:
[tex]p_{H} = - log (0.376)[/tex]
[tex]p_{H}[/tex] = 0.424
Hence, the pH of the solution when no base is added is 0.424
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Calculate the volume in litres (L) of 1.41 mol of gas at 68.0 kPa and 27.00 °C (gas constant R = 8.314 J mol K-.).
1. 664 L
2. 0.384L
3. 51.7L
4. 4.66L
5. 0.511L
Answer:
3.) 51.7 L
Explanation:
To find the volume, you need to use the Ideal Gas Law:
PV = nRT
In the equation,
-----> P = pressure (kPa)
-----> V = volume (L)
-----> n = moles
-----> R = Ideal Gas constant (8.314 kPa*L/mol*K)
-----> T = temperature (K)
First, you need to convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin. Then, you can plug the given values into the equation and simplify to find "V".
P = 68.0 kPa R = 8.314 kPa*L/mol*K
V = ? L T = 27.00 °C + 273 = 300 K
n = 1.41 moles
PV = nRT <----- Ideal Gas Law
(68.0 kPa)V = (1.41 moles)(8.314 kPa*L/mol*K)(300 K) <----- Insert values
(68.0 kPa)V = 3516.822 <----- Multiply right side
V = 51.7 <----- Divide both sides by 68.0
