To forecast Bellamy's external financing needed (EFN) in 2020 using the percentage-of-sales method, we need additional information such as the historical financial data and the projected sales for 2020.
The percentage-of-sales method is a financial forecasting technique that estimates the financing needed by a company based on the relationship between sales growth and various financial accounts. It assumes that certain financial ratios, such as the ratio of assets to sales, liabilities to sales, and retained earnings to sales, remain constant over time.
To calculate EFN using the percentage-of-sales method, follow these steps:
1. Determine the historical relationship between sales and the relevant financial accounts (assets, liabilities, and retained earnings) by calculating the ratios.
2. Forecast the sales for the upcoming period (2020 in this case).
3. Multiply the forecasted sales by the historical ratios to estimate the corresponding amounts for the financial accounts.
4. Calculate the difference between the estimated financial account values and the projected liabilities and equity. This difference represents the EFN for the forecasted period.
It's important to note that the accuracy of the forecast depends on the reliability of the historical relationships and the assumptions made. Without specific data for Bellamy's, I cannot provide a precise EFN forecast for 2020.
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On September 17, 2021, Ziltech, Inc., entered into an agreement to sell one of its divisions that qualifies as a component of the entity according to generally accepted accounting principles. By December 31, 2021, the company's fiscal year-end, the division had not yet been sold, but was considered held for sale. The net fair value (fair value minus costs to sell) of the division's assets at the end of the year was $10 million. The pretax income from operations of the division during 2021 was $2 million. Pretax income from continuing operations for the year totaled $13 million. The income tax rate is 25%. Ziltech reported net income for the year of $5.1 million. Required: Determine the book value of the division's assets on December 31, 2021. (Enter your answer in whole dollars not in millions.) X Answer is complete but not entirely correct. $ Book value of division's assets 21,000,000,000
The net value of an asset or the equity of a corporation as stated in its financial accounts is referred to as book value. It is computed by deducting the entire asset or equity value from liabilities and accrued depreciation or amortization.
Book Value = Carrying Value - Accumulated Depreciation. The carrying value of the assets held for sale is the book value because they are no longer in use by the company. Depreciation is not considered for assets held for sale because they are not depreciated.
Therefore, book value is the carrying value of the assets held for sale. On December 31, 2021, the division was considered held for sale, and the net fair value (fair value minus costs to sell) of the division's assets was $10 million. So, the carrying value of the assets on December 31, 2021, will be equal to $10 million.
The book value of the division's assets on December 31, 2021, is Book value = Carrying value - Accumulated depreciation. Book value = $10,000,000 - $0 Book value = $10,000,000. As the assets are considered held for sale and the depreciation is not considered, therefore the book value of the division's assets is $10,000,000.
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Which of the following is NOT an example of a transactional function that intermediaries perform?
Multiple Choice Purchasing goods for resale
Transact with potential customers
Own inventory that can become outdated Promote products to attract consumers
Sharing competitive intelligence about customers
The term which is not an example of a transactional function that intermediaries perform is: Own inventory that can become outdated.
Intermediaries are the agents that link the manufacturer to the consumer. The transactional functions that intermediaries perform are:
Purchasing goods for resale: Intermediaries acquire goods from various manufacturers to resell to their own customer base.
Transacting with potential customers: Intermediaries make transactions with potential customers that can include offering information about products and completing transactions.
Sharing competitive intelligence about customers: Intermediaries may gather and share information about the market to help manufacturers adjust to meet the needs of their customers.
Promoting products to attract consumers: Intermediaries may develop and execute marketing campaigns to raise awareness of the products they sell. This may be through advertising, social media, or other channels. It is done to attract customers to buy their products. Own inventory that can become outdated is not an example of a transactional function that intermediaries perform.
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Write four objectives, and one possible risk for each of the following projects:
- Musical concert for fund raising inside the university.
- Used book fair inside the faculty of engineering.
- Organizing the elections of students’ union
The objectives and risks for each project are as follows:
Musical concert: Raise funds, promote university talent, attract a large audience, enhance reputation. Risk: Concert may not generate enough funds.
Used book fair: Provide affordable books, promote sustainability, engage the engineering community, generate funds. Risk: Fair may not attract enough participants.
Elections of students' union: Ensure fairness, encourage student participation, elect competent leaders, foster community. Risk: Disagreements or conflicts during the election process.
The musical concert aims to raise funds for a cause, showcase university talent, attract a large audience, and enhance the institution's reputation. However, the risk is that the concert may not generate enough funds to meet the desired goal.
The used book fair intends to offer affordable books, promote sustainability, engage the engineering community, and generate funds. However, the risk lies in the fair potentially failing to attract enough participants, which could impact its financial viability.
Organizing the elections of the students' union seeks fairness, student participation, competent leaders, and community-building. Nonetheless, the risk is that disagreements or conflicts may arise during the election process, potentially negatively impacting student unity.
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The following events for Analogue Switches Ltd have yet to be recorded:
(a) Cash is returned to investors through a share buy-back. The company buys 50,000 shares from investors, and these shares are cancelled. While the market price is $4.50 per share, the company pays investors $4.75 per share.
(b) The accountant has discovered an error in the previous year’s income statement, as unearned revenue (or revenue received in advance) had not been adjusted on the balance date. $37,000 of unearned revenue had, in fact, been earned and should have been recorded as revenue.
(c) The accountant has also discovered another error in the previous year’s income statement as a supplier's invoice for $14,000 of consulting services was not recorded.
Required:
Prepare journal entries for the above events.
Use the answer template below
Analogue Switches Ltd’s General Journal:
Date
Account Names
Debit
Credit
(a)(To record a share buy-back)
(b)(To record a prior period error in unearned revenue)
(c)(To record a prior period error in accounts payable)
The journal entries for the events in Analogue Switches Ltd, including a share buy-back, adjustment of unearned revenue, and recording of a previous year's error in accounts payable, are as follows:
(a) To record a share buy-back:
Date: [Date]
Account Names Debit Credit
Share Buy-back 237,500
Cash 237,500
The company buys back 50,000 shares from investors and cancels them. The total amount paid to investors is calculated by multiplying the number of shares (50,000) by the purchase price per share ($4.75), resulting in a total of $237,500. The Share Buy-back account is debited to reduce the equity and reflect the cancellation of shares, while the Cash account is credited to show the outflow of cash.
(b) To record a prior period error in unearned revenue:
Date: [Date]
Account Names Debit Credit
Unearned Revenue 37,000
Revenue 37,000
The accountant discovered that $37,000 of unearned revenue from the previous year had actually been earned but was not recorded as revenue. To correct this error, the Unearned Revenue account is debited to reduce the liability, and Revenue account is credited to recognize the earned revenue.
(c) To record a prior period error in accounts payable:
Date: [Date]
Account Names Debit Credit
Accounts Payable 14,000
Consulting Expenses 14,000
The accountant discovered that a supplier's invoice for $14,000 of consulting services in the previous year was not recorded. To rectify this error, the Accounts Payable account is debited to recognize the liability owed to the supplier, and the Consulting Expenses account is credited to reflect the expenses incurred.
By recording these journal entries, Analogue Switches Ltd can accurately reflect the share buy-back, adjust the unearned revenue, and correct the error in the accounts payable from the previous year.
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According to Crystal Liu in "Sex Discrimination Claims under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964," when an employee quits due to the employer's conduct the following claim arises: Unwelcomeness Quid pro quo O Constructive Discharge O Disciplinary action Retaliation Question 10 1 pts Why should organizations proactively respond to heterosexism in the workplace? There are negative economic consequences for LGBTQ discrimination All of these Employment decisions are only effective when they predict job performance Job performance is not correlated with sexual or gender orientation There is no justification for using sexual or gender orientation in hiring
The statement highlights the various reasons why organizations should take action against heterosexism, including its impact on the economy and the importance of fair employment practices.
Proactively responding to heterosexism in the workplace is essential for several reasons. Firstly, there are negative economic consequences associated with LGBTQ discrimination. Discrimination based on sexual or gender orientation can lead to decreased employee morale, productivity, and job satisfaction. It can also result in increased turnover rates and difficulty attracting and retaining diverse talent. These factors can have a detrimental effect on organizational performance and overall business success.
Furthermore, addressing heterosexism aligns with the principles of fairness, equality, and inclusivity. Organizations should strive to create a work environment where all employees feel valued and respected, regardless of their sexual or gender orientation. By promoting diversity and inclusion, organizations can benefit from a wider range of perspectives, ideas, and talent, leading to enhanced creativity, innovation, and problem-solving capabilities.
It is important to note that employment decisions should be based on an individual's qualifications, skills, and abilities, rather than their sexual or gender orientation. Research has consistently shown that job performance is not correlated with sexual or gender orientation. Using sexual or gender orientation as a criterion for hiring or making employment decisions is unjustifiable and can perpetuate discrimination.
In summary, organizations should proactively respond to heterosexism in the workplace due to the negative economic consequences of LGBTQ discrimination. By fostering an inclusive and equitable work environment, organizations can improve employee well-being, enhance performance, and promote fairness and equality. It is crucial to base employment decisions on qualifications and skills, rather than sexual or gender orientation, to ensure a discrimination-free workplace.
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How many points are in AHIMA's data quality model?
A. 3
B. 5
C. 8
D. 10
AHIMA's data quality model consists of eight points. AHIMA (American Health Information Management Association) has developed a comprehensive data quality model that comprises eight points.
1. This model serves as a framework for ensuring the accuracy, integrity, and reliability of healthcare data. The eight points in AHIMA's data quality model cover various aspects of data quality management. Each point represents a key component that contributes to maintaining high-quality data in healthcare settings.
2. While the specific details of AHIMA's data quality model may vary, the eight points generally include areas such as data governance, data integrity, data stewardship, data validation, data standardization, data completeness, data timeliness, and data accessibility. These points address crucial considerations for managing data effectively, promoting interoperability, supporting decision-making processes, and maintaining regulatory compliance within healthcare organizations.
3. By following AHIMA's data quality model, healthcare providers and organizations can establish robust data management practices that enhance patient care, facilitate accurate reporting, enable data-driven insights, and ultimately contribute to improved healthcare outcomes.
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Using the information provided in the table, the network diagram and the project completion time = 25 weeks, reduce the completion time of the project by 5 weeks in the most economical way. Normal Time (weeks) Normal Cost ($) Crash Time (weeks) Crash Cost ($) Maximum Weeks Reduced Crash Cost per Week ($) Activity A 3 500 2 880 1 380 B 4 650 3 760 1 110 с 6 850 3 1,330 3 160 D 6 1,600 4 2,280 2 340 E E 6 6 1,850 4 2,330 2 240 F 5 200 5 200 0 0 G G 7 1,400 5 1,710 2 155 H 3 450 3 450 0 0 AON network diagram B(4) E(6) A(3) (6) G(7) H(3) D(6) F(5) (If there is no amount for a box enter 0. All boxes must be filled.) week(s), C by Reduce A by week(s), D by week(s), B by week(s). E by week(s), H by week(s), F by week(s), G by week(s). Total additional cost is $
Therefore, the total additional cost to reduce the completion time of the project by 5 weeks in the most economical way is $1,900.
To reduce the completion time of the project by 5 weeks in the most economical way, we need to identify the critical path and determine the activities that can be crashed (shortened) to achieve the desired time reduction. The critical path is the longest path in the network diagram that determines the project's overall duration.
From the provided information, the critical path is: B - E - G, with a total duration of 17 weeks (4 weeks for activity B, 6 weeks for activity E, and 7 weeks for activity G).
To reduce the completion time by 5 weeks, we can crash the activities on the critical path. Let's calculate the cost and time reductions for each activity:
Activity B: Normal time = 4 weeks, Crash time = 3 weeks. Reduction = 1 week.
Activity E: Normal time = 6 weeks, Crash time = 4 weeks. Reduction = 2 weeks.
Activity G: Normal time = 7 weeks, Crash time = 5 weeks. Reduction = 2 weeks.
By reducing Activity B by 1 week, Activity E by 2 weeks, and Activity G by 2 weeks, we achieve a total reduction of 5 weeks.
Now, let's calculate the additional cost for crashing the activities. The crash cost per week for each activity is given:
Activity B: Crash cost per week = $1,110
Additional cost = 1 week * $1,110 = $1,110
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Officer Denis approached Mimi at the pizzeria and asked her to see her bookbag. Mimi put her bag down and told the officer that she was just getting her pizza. As Mimi went to grab her pizza two feet away, Officer Denis looked in her bookbag and found a gun. At Mimi's trial, her attorney argues that the gun is not admissible. Under what rules does Mimi's attorney make this argument. Will the gun be admitted into evidence, why or why not?
Any evidence obtained from the illegal search is inadmissible in court, including the gun found in Mimi's bookbag.
Mimi's attorney makes the argument that the gun found by the Officer Denis is inadmissible under the Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution. According to the Fourth Amendment, a person is protected from an unreasonable search and seizure.
When Officer Denis looked into Mimi's bookbag without a search warrant, it was an unreasonable search and seizure.The gun will not be admitted into evidence. This is because it was discovered through an illegal search by the Officer Denis. Even though Mimi put down her bag, she did not consent to a search, and she was not under arrest. Hence, Officer Denis lacked the legal authority to search Mimi's bag.
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22) A. The following transaction are provided to you a:Issued a payment order to DTCO for purchase of Furniture Rs 40,000 b.Issued a payment order to DTCO to give advance to Accountant Mr Thapa for purchase of stationery Rs 15,000 c. Issued a payment order to DTCO of Rs 72,000 for distribution of salary after deducting providend fund Rs 16,000. d.Record as budget release for payment order of furniture purchase and advance payment stationery
In the given transactions:
a) Issued a payment order to DTCO for the purchase of Furniture Rs 40,000: This transaction represents the issuance of a payment order to DTCO (presumably a company or supplier) to purchase furniture worth Rs 40,000. The payment order serves as a document authorizing the payment for the furniture acquisition.
b) Issued a payment order to DTCO to give advance to Accountant Mr. Thapa for the purchase of stationery Rs 15,000: This transaction involves issuing a payment order to DTCO to provide an advance payment of Rs 15,000 to Accountant Mr. Thapa. The purpose of this advance is to enable Mr. Thapa to purchase stationery items on behalf of the organization.
c) Issued a payment order to DTCO of Rs 72,000 for the distribution of salary after deducting provident fund Rs 16,000: This transaction indicates the issuance of a payment order to DTCO to distribute salaries. The amount of Rs 72,000 represents the total salary payments, and an amount of Rs 16,000 has been deducted as provident fund contributions. The payment order authorizes DTCO to distribute the remaining salary amount to the respective employees.
d) Recording as budget release for the payment order of furniture purchase and advance payment for stationery: In this context, recording as a budget release means updating the financial records to reflect the allocation of funds from the budget for the specific purposes mentioned. It involves recognizing the expenses related to the furniture purchase and the advance payment for stationery in the organization's accounting system. This ensures that the budget is appropriately adjusted to account for these expenditures and helps in monitoring and controlling the organization's financial activities.
it can be summarized that these transactions involve the issuance of payment orders for the purchase of furniture, advance payment to an accountant for stationery, and distribution of salaries. The recording of these transactions as budget releases ensures that the financial records accurately reflect the allocation of funds and expenses related to these activities. By maintaining proper records and authorizing payment orders, the organization can track its expenditures, manage its budget effectively, and ensure transparency in its financial operations.
It involves recognizing the expenses related to the furniture purchase and the advance payment for stationery in the organization's accounting system. This ensures that the budget is appropriately adjusted to account for these expenditures and helps in monitoring and controlling the organization's financial activities.
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Frontier Corp. has a contribution margin of $2,312,000 and profit of $462,400. What is its degree of operating leverage? Multiple Choice O 0.20 5.80 14.50 5.00 Frontier Corp. has a contribution margin of $578,000 and profit of $115,600. If sales increase 20%, by how much will profits increase? Multiple Choice O 20.00% 50.00% 100.00% 150.00% Graham Corp, sells two products Product A sells for $200 per unit, and has unit variable costs of $150. Product B sells for $50 per unit, and has unit variable costs of $20. Currently, Graham sells three units of Product B for every two units of Product A sold. Graham has fixed costs of $760,000. How many units would Graham have to sell to earn a profit of $57,000? Multiple Choice 21,500 units of A and 21.500 units of B 12.900 units of A and 8,600 units of B 8.600 units of A and 12,900 units of 10.750 units of A and 10790 units of
Frontier Corp has a contribution margin of [tex]$2,312,000[/tex] and profit of [tex]$462,400[/tex]. The degree of operating leverage of Frontier Corp.
we get:[tex]DOL = ($2,312,000/$462,400) / $2,312,000DOL = 5.00\\[/tex] Frontier Corp's degree of operating leverage is [tex]5.00[/tex].
Contribution Margin Ratio = [tex](Contribution Margin / Sales) * 100%\\[/tex]the
Contribution Margin Ratio is:[tex]DOL = ($578,000/$115,600) * 100%DOL = 500%[/tex]If sales increase by 20%,
the new sales revenue will be:[tex]$578,000 * 1.20 = $693,600[/tex]
the new profit level will be:[tex]$693,600 * 500% = $3,468,000[/tex] profits will increase by [tex]$3,468,000 - $578,000 = $2,890,000[/tex].
If the company sells 2 units of A,
the total contribution will be [tex]2 * $50 = $100[/tex].If the company sells 3 units of B, the total contribution will be [tex]3 * $30 = $90[/tex].
The contribution margin ratio for A is [tex]25% ($50/$200)[/tex] and the contribution margin ratio for B is [tex]60% ($30/$50)[/tex].
the fixed costs of [tex]$760,000$145X - $760,000 = $57,000$145X = $817,000X = 5,634[/tex] units of A.
To find the units of B to be sold, use the ratio 3/2 units of B sold for every unit of A sold.
5,634 units of [tex]A / 2 = 2,817 units of B3 * 2,817 = 8,451[/tex] units of B Graham Corp would have to sell 5,634 units of A and 8,451 units of B to earn a profit of [tex]$57,000[/tex] is 8.600 units of A and 12,900 units of B.
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Group Research Project BISM202 – E-Commerce This assignment is worth A TOTAL OF 18 marks. Due Date: Beginning of class on Week 6. Late assignments will be penalized 20% per day. Overview This is a group assignment. In your groups, you are to come up with an online business idea and develop an e-commerce website strategy in support of the idea. The B2C ECommerce business may be a "Pure Play" or a "Click and Mortar" business in any industry, selling any product or service. Instructions Your deliverable for this project will be a 1,500-word report. Each group will present their idea to me in a 10-minute presentation. Please submit your report as a .pdf file through Blackboard Assignments. Emailed assignments will not be accepted. Each group will submit one file for the entire group. Please name the file using the format, "BISM202-XXX Group X Part X". Your submission must site all sources on the last page of your submission, and must have a cover page that includes: • The Title of your report using the following format "Chosen URL – PART X". • Your course and class section number (BISM202-XXX) • Your group number Table of Contents and Marking Structure Each group member’s Individual Project Mark will be determined based on the assessment of the group’s work, as well as an assessment of that group member’s individual contribution to the project. Each group member will have the opportunity to assess the contribution of every other member in the group. Each member’s mark will be adjusted to reflect the assessment by other group members. Marks for your project will be earned as follows: Group Project Mark(10 Marks) Business Idea/Overview 25% SWOT Analysis 25% Web Site Strategy 25% Web Site Design 25% Project Guidelines The following will provide you with some guidelines on how you should tackle each of the sections of the Business Plan. Business Idea (25%) Select a business, product, or service idea for your term project. Make sure to assess online sales suitability factors in your selection. Address the following: • Description: Provide a general description of your proposed business. What product/services do you plan to sell? • Revenue Model: How will your business make money? • Fulfillment Strategy: How do you plan on fulfilling orders that are received at your web site. • Domain Name: Select a domain name for your proposed online business. Visit your favorite Domain Registrar to ensure that your chosen domain is available. Which Registrar did you use? Be sure to include a screenshot of the domain you’ve selected to show that it is available. • Benefits of your product/service: What are you selling and why would anyone buy it?) • Competitive premise: On which basis will your business compete? How will you differentiate your business from your competitors? • Opportunities: Potential opportunities and benefits of adopting e-commerce. SWOT Analysis (25%) Conduct a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats analysis for your new venture. Keep in mind that Strengths and Weaknesses are factors that are Internal and Controllable, while Opportunities and Threats are factors that are external and uncontrollable. Website Strategy (25%) Use the SWOT analysis that you created to develop a website strategy. Describe the website features and functions that you believe will be critical to the success of the online initiative. The features and functions that you use should leverage the strengths and opportunities described in your SWOT, and mitigate the Weaknesses and Threats described in your SWOT. Website Design (25%) Discuss how you would use the site’s content, navigation, and design to support your strategy. • Navigation: Describe the navigation method that you envision for your site. What navigation features do you plan on implementing? • Information Architecture: Describe the content and functionality that will be displayed in each section of your site. • Design: Describe key characteristics of your site. How would you characterize your design? Who is it designed to appeal to? How does the design support the site strategy
The project requires the group to come up with a well-defined business idea, conduct a thorough analysis
The given assignment is a group project in the field of e-commerce. The objective is to develop an online business idea and create an e-commerce website strategy to support that idea. The project will be assessed based on various components, including the business idea/overview, SWOT analysis, website strategy, and website design.
For the business idea/overview section, the group needs to provide a general description of the proposed business, including the products/services to be sold. They should also discuss the revenue model and how orders will be fulfilled. Additionally, selecting a domain name for the online business and explaining the benefits of the product/service are required. The group should also address the competitive premise and differentiate their business from competitors. Finally, they should explore potential opportunities and benefits of adopting e-commerce.
The SWOT analysis section requires the group to conduct an analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for their new venture. They should focus on internal and controllable factors for strengths and weaknesses, while external and uncontrollable factors for opportunities and threats.
Using the SWOT analysis, the group needs to develop a website strategy. They should identify critical website features and functions that align with their strengths and opportunities while mitigating weaknesses and threats.
In the website design section, the group should discuss the navigation method, including the planned navigation features. They should also describe the content and functionality of each section of the site, considering information architecture. Additionally, the group needs to define key characteristics of the site's design, such as the target audience and how the design supports the site's strategy.
It is important for the group members to collaborate effectively, ensuring that each member contributes to the project. Individual marks will be determined based on the group's work and the assessment of each member's individual contribution.
Overall, the project requires the group to come up with a well-defined business idea, conduct a thorough analysis, and develop a comprehensive e-commerce website strategy and design.
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What are the key components in a service package to make a service model?
In order to build a service model, there are a number of essential components or elements that must be included. This includes:Service components - Core service, supplementary services, and augmented services. Physical resources - Equipment, vehicles, and facilities are examples of physical resources that are required to support service delivery.
Human resources - The people who are responsible for providing the service, such as employees, partners, and stakeholders.Service process - It describes the process by which the service is delivered, including any technology that is employed to support it.Service environment - It is the physical or virtual environment in which the service is delivered.Service brand - It encompasses the brand values and image, the service name, and the marketing activities that are carried out to promote the service. It also includes pricing policies and after-sales service and support.Customer interface - This is the point at which the customer comes into contact with the service, such as at a service desk or a call center.Service quality - It refers to the degree to which the service meets or exceeds customer expectations. It can be influenced by factors such as reliability, responsiveness, and empathy.Service experience - It is the overall experience of the customer, including their perceptions of the service and how well it met their needs.Service level - It is the level of service that is required, such as a gold or platinum service level, and the associated service level agreements (SLAs).All these elements combine to create a comprehensive service package that meets the needs of the customers, meets the objectives of the business, and provides a competitive advantage in the marketplace. The service package should include the required level of service, the cost, and the quality of service that customers expect.
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In a given year, U.S. nominal GDP was $2,784 billion and the GDP chain price index for that year is 60.4. Real GDP is: Select one: a. $4,609 billion. b. $3,889 billion. c. $4,000 billion. d. $1,682 bi
Given that, the U.S. nominal GDP was $2,784 billion and the GDP chain price index for that year is 60.4. We need to determine the real GDP using the formula.
Real GDP = Nominal GDP / GDP chain price index Substitute the given values .Nominal GDP = $2,784 billionGDP chain price index = 60.4Real GDP = $2,784 billion / 60.4Real GDP = $46.09 billionThus, the real GDP in the given year is $46.09 billion. Therefore, option A is correct.In light of this, the nominal GDP of the United States in that year was $2,784 billion, and the GDP chain price index was 60.4. The following formula must be used to calculate the real GDP:Nominal GDP divided by the GDP chain price index gives the real GDP.Substitute the values listed.GDP nominal is $2,784 billion.The GDP chain price index is 60.4.Real GDP = 2,784 billion dollars / 60.4Real GDP = 46,09 billion dollarsThe actual GDP for the given year is therefore $46.09 billion. Option A is right as a result.
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Pick and industry and detail out the short and long run impacts
of opening up to trade.
Trade liberalization can have short and long-term impacts on industries. Initially, it can introduce competition, job displacements, and production adjustments. However, in the long run, it promotes innovation, enhances efficiency, and expands consumer choices with potentially lower prices.
Opening up an industry to trade can have both short-term and long-term impacts on the industry. In the short run, it may lead to increased competition, potential job losses, and adjustments in production. In the long run, it can stimulate innovation, improve efficiency, and offer consumers a wider variety of products at potentially lower prices.
When an industry opens up to trade, it means that it allows the import and export of goods and services with foreign countries. In the short run, the industry may face increased competition from foreign producers, leading to potential job losses as domestic firms struggle to compete. Some domestic firms may need to adjust their production processes or even exit the market if they cannot withstand the competition.
However, in the long run, opening up to trade can have several positive impacts. Increased competition can stimulate innovation as firms strive to differentiate their products and improve efficiency to remain competitive. It can also lead to economies of scale, as firms expand their markets and take advantage of larger customer bases. This can result in lower production costs and potentially lower prices for consumers. Additionally, opening up to trade allows access to a wider variety of goods and services, enabling consumers to enjoy a greater range of choices and potentially higher-quality products.
Overall, while there may be short-term challenges and adjustments, opening up an industry to trade can bring long-term benefits such as innovation, efficiency gains, and increased consumer welfare.
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For the next two questions, read the example of a management
responsibility and choose the corresponding management role.
Training employees
a. Figurehead
b. Leader
c. Liaison
Giving a series of media
The task requires selecting the corresponding management role for two given examples of management responsibilities: training employees and giving a series of media presentations.
1. Training employees:
The corresponding management role for training employees is "b. Leader." As a leader, a manager takes responsibility for guiding and developing their team members. Training employees involves providing guidance, knowledge, and support to enhance their skills and capabilities, aligning their efforts with organizational goals.
2. Giving a series of media presentations:
The corresponding management role for giving a series of media presentations is "a. Figurehead." In this role, a manager represents the organization and acts as a symbolic figurehead, often involved in public relations and media engagements. Giving media presentations showcases the manager's role in representing the organization's values, goals, and messages to external stakeholders.
By understanding the different management roles and their corresponding responsibilities, managers can effectively fulfill their duties and contribute to the success of their teams and organizations.
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Coolidge Cola is forecasting the following income statement information: Sales of $54,000,000, operating costs excluding depreciation of $20 million, interest expense of $7 million, dividends of $1 million, depreciation and amortization of $16 million and overhead/administration costs of $4,000,000. The tax rate is 30 percent and required return is 12 percent. Furthermore, capital expenditures will be $5 million and NOWC will increase by $2,000,000. a. Find Earnings before Interest and Taxes. b. Find the company's free cash flow.
a. Earnings before Interest and Taxes (EBIT):
EBIT can be calculated by the following formula:
EBIT = Sales – Operating expenses – Depreciation and amortization
Therefore, EBIT = $54,000,000 – $20,000,000 – $16,000,000 = $18,000,000
b. Free Cash Flow:Free cash flow (FCF) can be calculated by the following formula:
FCF = EBIT(1 – T) + Depreciation and amortization – Capital expenditures – Change in NOWC
Where,
Tax rate = 30%
Capital expenditures = $5,000,000
Change in NOWC = $2,000,000
Now we can substitute the values and calculate FCF:
FCF = $18,000,000(1 – 0.3) + $16,000,000 – $5,000,000 – $2,000,000= $11,600,000 -
The company's Earnings before Interest and Taxes is $18,000,000 and Free Cash Flow is $11,600,000.
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17 ut of estion Two years ago, the unemployment rate was 11% and inflation was 2%. Now, unemployment is 8% and inflation is 2%. What do we know about the natural rate of unemployment in this economy?
Based on the given information, we can conclude that the natural rate of unemployment in this economy is lower than 8%. Since the current unemployment rate is below the previous rate, it suggests a decrease in the natural rate of unemployment.
The natural rate of unemployment refers to the level of unemployment that exists when the economy is in equilibrium and there is no cyclical unemployment. It represents the frictional and structural unemployment that is considered normal in a healthy functioning economy.
Two years ago, the unemployment rate was 11%, which suggests that there was some cyclical unemployment present in the economy at that time. This could have been due to a recessionary period or other economic factors that resulted in higher unemployment levels.
Currently, the unemployment rate is 8%, which indicates a decrease in unemployment over the two-year period. This could suggest that the economy has improved and is moving towards its natural rate of unemployment.
Inflation has remained constant at 2% over the two-year period. This stability in inflation suggests that there haven't been significant changes in the overall level of economic activity or aggregate demand that would affect the natural rate of unemployment.
Based on these observations, we can conclude that the natural rate of unemployment in this economy is likely below 11% but higher than the current rate of 8%. The decrease in unemployment suggests a move towards the natural rate, but without further information, we cannot determine the exact level of the natural rate of unemployment in this particular economy.
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a 7. Choose a subset of the variables and run a regression to see if you can find causal effects in the data? For example, corruption as the dependent, with population, GDP and school enrolment as regressors. Describe and interpret your model, present the regression results, and comment on statistics and of your regression model. (Word limit: 100 words)
A regression model was conducted to examine causal effects using corruption as the dependent variable and population, GDP, and school enrollment as regressors.
In the regression model, corruption is considered the dependent variable, while population, GDP, and school enrollment are the independent variables (regressors). The regression analysis allows us to estimate the relationships and potential causal effects between these variables. To interpret the model, we examine the regression coefficients, their significance levels (p-values), and the goodness-of-fit statistics such as R-squared and F-statistic. The coefficients indicate the magnitude and direction of the relationships between the independent variables and the dependent variable. A positive coefficient suggests a positive relationship, while a negative coefficient suggests a negative relationship. The statistical significance of the coefficients is determined by their respective p-values. A low p-value (typically below 0.05) indicates that the coefficient is statistically significant and that the corresponding independent variable has a significant impact on the dependent variable. The R-squared value represents the proportion of variance in the dependent variable explained by the independent variables. A higher R-squared value indicates a better fit of the model to the data.
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Electro Ltd manufactures electrical components for a variety of purposes. The following costs, related to maintaining product quality, were incurred in June:
Inspection of electrical parts purchased from outside suppliers $43,000
Costs of rework on faulty components 61,000
Replacement of components sold that were still under warranty 150,000
Costs of defective components that cannot be salvaged30,000
Training of quality control inspectors 25,000
Tests of components before sales 48,000
Required:
1. Calculate each of the four categories of quality costs as a percentage of the total quality costs.
2. Comment on the relative proportions of the four categories of quality costs and suggest ways in which the company could reduce its quality costs.
1. Calculation of each category of quality costs as a percentage of the total quality costs:
a. Inspection of electrical parts purchased from outside suppliers: $43,000 / Total Quality Costs * 100%
b. Costs of rework on faulty components: $61,000 / Total Quality Costs * 100%
c. Replacement of components sold that were still under warranty: $150,000 / Total Quality Costs * 100%
d. Costs of defective components that cannot be salvaged: $30,000 / Total Quality Costs * 100%
2. Comment on the relative proportions of the four categories of quality costs and suggest ways in which the company could reduce its quality costs:
The relative proportions of the four categories of quality costs can provide insights into the areas where the company is incurring the highest costs. By analyzing the percentages, the company can identify potential areas for improvement and cost reduction.
To reduce quality costs, Electro Ltd can consider the following strategies:
a. Supplier Evaluation: Improve the selection and evaluation process for suppliers to ensure that the purchased electrical parts meet the required quality standards, thereby reducing the need for extensive inspection costs.
b. Process Improvement: Implement measures to reduce rework costs by identifying and addressing the root causes of component faults, thereby minimizing the occurrence of faulty components.
c. Product Design and Testing: Focus on product design and thorough testing before sales to minimize warranty replacements and costs associated with defective components that cannot be salvaged.
d. Training and Development: Continuously invest in the training and development of quality control inspectors to enhance their skills and expertise, leading to improved inspection accuracy and efficiency.
e. Continuous Improvement Culture: Foster a culture of continuous improvement throughout the organization, encouraging employees at all levels to identify and suggest improvements to quality processes, leading to cost reduction and enhanced product quality.
By implementing these strategies, Electro Ltd can work towards reducing its quality costs while maintaining and improving the overall product quality.
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a New Zealand APA Brewed by Cassels Brewing Company has won top prize in its category at the prestigious World Beer Awards 2021
1) With the aid of a diagram, explain how the government could minimise the production externalities.
The government can minimize production externalities by imposing a tax or creating regulations on industries that generate negative externalities.
This tax will increase the cost of production and reduce the amount of the product produced, reducing the negative impact on the environment. The imposition of taxes will force firms to internalize the cost of negative externalities. This will be advantageous to the economy since production externalities will be internalized, leading to efficient allocation of resources. The following diagram illustrates how a tax can minimize production externalities: Production Externalities Diagram In the diagram, the MPC curve is the marginal private cost curve. The MSC curve is the marginal social cost curve.
The intersection of the MPC and MSC curve is the market equilibrium. The optimal level of production is Qm and Pm. However, since the MPC curve does not reflect the cost of negative externalities, the price is lower than the marginal social cost. This leads to overproduction of the product, leading to negative externalities. The imposition of a tax equal to the marginal external cost (MEC) shifts the MPC curve to the left, reflecting the true cost of production. This increases the price of the product, reducing the quantity produced. The new equilibrium is Qe and Pe. This reduces negative externalities and leads to efficient allocation of resources.
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The power systems firm, Sharps Electrical has a large unused office space at the new Industrial Area in Pretoria. In capital budgeting terms, discuss whether this is a sunk cost or an opportunity cost.
Sunk costs and opportunity costs are two essential terms in the field of capital budgeting. Sharps Electrical is a power systems firm with a large unused office space at the new Industrial Area in Pretoria. In capital budgeting terms, the following discusses whether it is a sunk cost or an opportunity cost.
Sharps Electrical's unused office space in Pretoria is a sunk cost. A "sunk cost is a cost that has already been incurred and cannot be recovered. The cost incurred by Sharps Electrical to acquire the office space is a sunk cost. Since it has already been incurred and the firm cannot recover it, it should not be considered while making any decision related to the office space. In other words, sunk costs are irrelevant to any decisions made in the future.
Opportunity Cost: Sharps Electrical's unused office space in Pretoria is an opportunity cost. The opportunity cost is the cost of forgoing the next-best alternative. Since the office space is unused, it represents an opportunity cost for Sharps Electrical. The firm could rent out the office space and earn rental income. The rental income earned from renting out the unused office space represents an opportunity cost for Sharps Electrical because the firm is forgoing the rental income to keep the office space unused.
In conclusion, Sharps Electrical's unused office space in Pretoria is a sunk cost and an opportunity cost. The cost of acquiring the office space is a sunk cost, while the rental income foregone by not renting out the office space is an opportunity cost. The firm should consider the opportunity cost while making any decisions related to the office space.
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A first-mover may be able to build brand loyalty and may also benefit from early adoption due to learning curve effects. Name a successful (a) first-mover advantage (b) early follower (c) late entrant. Provide examples.
First-Mover Advantage: A successful example of a first-mover advantage is:
Company: Amaz-on
Explanation: Amaz-on was one of the first companies to establish a significant online retail presence. By being an early entrant in the e-commerce industry, Am-azon was able to build brand loyalty and establish itself as a trusted online marketplace.
Its first-mover advantage allowed Amazo-n to capture a significant market share and shape customer expectations for online shopping. Today, Amaz-on remains one of the dominant players in the e-commerce industry.
(b) Early Follower:
A successful example of an early follower is:
Company: Micro-soft
Explanation: While Micro-soft was not the first to introduce personal computers, it became an early follower by developing and licensing the operating system software, MS-DOS, for IBM's P-Cs in the early 1980s. This strategic move allowed Microsoft to benefit from the growing PC market. By partnering with IBM and other computer manufacturers, Microsoft's operating systems became widely adopted, leading to its dominance in the PC software market. Microsoft's early follower strategy proved successful as it capitalized on the market created by the first-mover (IBM) and established itself as a leader in the industry.
(c) Late Entrant:
A successful example of a late entrant is:
Company: Tesl-a
Explanation: Te-sla entered the electric vehicle (EV) market relatively later compared to traditional automakers. However, Tes-la's late entry allowed it to benefit from technological advancements, changing consumer preferences, and government support for clean energy. By focusing on creating high-performance electric cars and developing a strong brand image, T-esla was able to establish itself as a leader in the EV industry. Tes-la's late entrant advantage was built on innovation, unique design, and a commitment to sustainable transportation.
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Need Help with Question #5....... A,B, and C
Answers to Questions #3 and 4 are included that support Q5
Question #5: Summary of results
Are consumers in San Antonio better or wo
As the questions 3 and 4 answers are not provided, it is hard to answer question 5. The consumer behavior and their preference may vary from time to time and place to place. Hence, it is very important to understand the consumer behavior in a particular area before making any conclusions.
However, we can have an idea of the result by considering the answers to questions 3 and 4.What is a consumer?A consumer is an individual or organization that purchases goods or services for personal or business use. The goal of every company is to have more customers to expand their business. Hence it is very important to understand consumer behavior.Consumer BehaviorConsumer behavior is defined as the behavior that consumers display in searching for, purchasing, using, evaluating, and disposing of products and services that they expect will meet their needs.What are the factors that influence consumer behavior?There are four main factors that influence consumer behavior.
They are as follows:Cultural Factors: These factors include a person’s culture, subculture, and social class.Social Factors: These factors include reference groups, family, social roles, and status.Personal Factors: These factors include age and life cycle stage, occupation, economic situation, lifestyle, personality, and self-concept.Psychological Factors: These factors include motivation, perception, learning, and beliefs and attitudes.What is the importance of understanding consumer behavior?Companies can gain many benefits by understanding consumer behavior. They can develop effective marketing strategies that will help them achieve their goals and objectives.
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the interest rate represents ________ to ________ and ________ to ________.
The interest rate represents **the cost of borrowing** to **borrowers** and **the return on investment** to **lenders**.
For borrowers, the interest rate is the cost they must pay to borrow funds from a lender. It is the price charged for the use of borrowed money. Borrowers incur interest expenses on loans and credit facilities, which are typically expressed as a percentage of the principal amount borrowed. The interest rate reflects the risk associated with lending to the borrower, the prevailing market conditions, and other factors.
For lenders, the interest rate represents the return they earn on their investment. Lenders provide funds to borrowers with the expectation of receiving interest payments as compensation for the use of their money. The interest rate acts as an incentive for lenders to allocate their funds to borrowers instead of keeping them idle. The rate of return on their investment is determined by the interest rate they charge, and it is a reward for the risk and opportunity cost associated with lending their funds.
In summary, the interest rate serves as a mechanism to balance the needs of borrowers to access funds and the expectations of lenders to earn a return on their investment. It plays a crucial role in facilitating borrowing and lending activities in the economy.
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The horizontal linkage model is best applied to a(n):
a. low pressure environment.
b. stable environment.
c. environment that requires speed.
d. customer service environment.
e. manufacturing environment.
The horizontal linkage model is best applied to a stable environment. The horizontal linkage model, also known as the lateral or collaborative model.
The correct answer is B.
The horizontal linkage model is best applied to a stable environment.What is the horizontal linkage model?The horizontal linkage model is a model used to enhance communication within an organization. In this model, different departments of an organization are connected via a common link. They work together to achieve common objectives, and they can communicate more efficiently and effectively.
It is an organizational structure that links together different departments in a firm using a common link. In a stable environment, the same departments are likely to remain in place for a long time. As such, they will have a more stable relationship, which makes communication more efficient and effective. Therefore, the main answer to the question is option b: stable environment.
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Assume in Macroland, MPC=0.6, and autonomous consumption = $5000. Planned investment = $4000, = and planned government purchases $4000. All planned expenditure are autonomous expenditures. Taxes (T) is = zero, and net exports - zero. Write out the consumption function b. What is induced consumption in this model? c. Write out the planned expenditure function (show your work) d. Calculate equilibrium real current GDP (income) (show your work) How much is the expenditure multiplier? e. f. If at the current level of equilibrium, the economy is experiencing an recessionary gap of $6000. How much is the full employment GDP? g. How much does planned investment change to close the recessionary gap? h. Write out the new planned expenditure function after the change in planned investment i. Graph the planned expenditure function. Show the change (shift) for a change in investment to close the gap. Show equilibrium points, full-employment GDP. Label all points clearly
a. The consumption function can be written as: C = autonomous consumption + MPC * Y.In this case, autonomous consumption is $5000 and the MPC (marginal propensity to consume) is 0.6. So the consumption function is: C = $5000 + 0.6 * Y.
b. Induced consumption refers to the portion of consumption that is determined by changes in income. In this model, induced consumption is represented by the term 0.6 * Y in the consumption function. c. The planned expenditure function is the sum of all autonomous expenditures. In this case, the planned expenditure function is: E = autonomous consumption + planned investment + planned government purchases. E = $5000 + $4000 + $4000. Therefore, E = $13000. d. Equilibrium occurs when planned expenditure equals real GDP. So, we set E (planned expenditure) equal to Y (real GDP) and solve for Y: Y = $13000 . The equilibrium real current GDP is $13000.
To calculate the expenditure multiplier, we use the formula: Multiplier = 1 / (1 - MPC). In this case, the MPC is 0.6, so the multiplier is: Multiplier = 1 / (1 - 0.6) = 1 / 0.4 = 2.5 . e. The full employment GDP represents the level of GDP when the economy is operating at its maximum potential output. It is unaffected by the recessionary gap. Without additional information, we cannot determine the full employment GDP in this scenario. f. The recessionary gap represents the difference between the actual equilibrium GDP and the full employment GDP. In this case, the recessionary gap is given as $6000. g. To close the recessionary gap, we need to increase aggregate demand. Planned investment is one component of aggregate demand, so it needs to increase. Let's calculate the change in planned investment required to close the gap: Change in investment = Recessionary gap / Multiplier, Change in investment = $6000 / 2.5. Therefore, Change in investment = $2400 .
h. The new planned expenditure function after the change in planned investment is: E = autonomous consumption + (planned investment + change in investment) + planned government purchases. E = $5000 + ($4000 + $2400) + $4000. E = $15400. i. Here is a graph of the planned expenditure function: (assume Y is on the horizontal axis, and E is on the vertical axis)
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Alpha Manufucturing reports the following amounts: Cash $25,000 Inventory $15,000 Land 75,000 Unearned Revenue 17,000 Equipment 50,000 Common Stock 30,000 Calculate Current Assets. O $115,000 O $25,000 O $57,000 $40,000 HMS VE
Current assets refer to those assets that the company owns that can be converted into cash in a year or less.
From the given data, we know that Alpha Manufacturing has the following amounts:Cash = $25,000Inventory = $15,000Land = $75,000.
Unearned revenue = $17,000 Equipment = $50,000 Common stock = $30,000.
To calculate the current assets of Alpha Manufacturing, we need to add the cash and the inventory since these are the assets that can be converted to cash in less than a year.
Current Assets = Cash + Inventory= $25,000 + $15,000= $40,000Therefore current asset is $40,000.
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3. In the Philippines, what do you think are the characteristics and institutions of developing countries are present? What do you think are the top three characteristics that we must address as a pri
The Philippines is a developing country. Its institutions and characteristics include social inequality, political instability, and economic underdevelopment.
Institutions are the social structures that provide essential services and goods, as well as ensure order and social stability in a developing country like the Philippines. These institutions might include schools, hospitals, the police force, and other organizations that support the country's development. Countries that are underdeveloped have many characteristics, such as high unemployment, inadequate health care and educational systems, poor governance, social inequality, and poverty, among other things. Developing countries also have a lot of opportunities for growth and development. To progress, they must address the following challenges:1. Poverty and economic underdevelopment.2. Lack of education and social inequality.3. Inadequate healthcare and other social services.
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Assume further that Ali wants to determine the most it should pay to purchase a particular ordinary annuity. The annuity consists of cash flows of 5000 SR at the end of each year for 8 years. Ali requires the annuity to provide a minimum return of 9%.
Ali wants to determine the maximum price he should pay to purchase an ordinary annuity that provides annual cash flows of 5000 SR for 8 years. He requires a minimum return of 9% on his investment.
To determine the maximum price Ali should pay for the annuity, he needs to calculate the present value of the future cash flows and compare it to his required minimum return. The present value (PV) of an ordinary annuity formula can be used for this calculation:
PV = C * [(1 - (1 + r)^-n) / r]
Where:
PV = Present value
C = Cash flow per period (5000 SR)
r = Discount rate or required return (9% or 0.09 as a decimal)
n = Number of periods (8 years)
By plugging in the values into the formula, Ali can calculate the present value of the annuity. If the present value is less than or equal to the maximum price Ali is willing to pay, then he should consider purchasing the annuity. If the present value exceeds his maximum price, he may need to negotiate a lower purchase price or look for alternative investment options that meet his return requirements.
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Question: Assume further that Ali wants to determine the most it should pay to purchase a particular ordinary annuity. The annuity consists of cash flows of 5000 SR at the end of each year for 8 years. Ali requires the annuity to provide a minimum return of 9%.
Schauffele Corporation operates as a manufacturer of heavy duty
machinery used in the automotive industry. The company is publicly
traded with 500,000 shares of stock outstanding, currently trading
at
According to the information, we can infer that the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) that Schauffele should use to discount the cash flows of Varner is approximately 5.18%.
How to calculate the WACC?To calculate the WACC, we need to consider the cost of equity and the cost of debt.
Cost of Equity:
Schauffele's Beta is given as 1.24, and the Market Risk Premium is 6.7%. Using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), we can calculate the cost of equity:
Cost of Equity = Risk-Free Rate + Beta * Market Risk PremiumCost of Equity = 2.0% + 1.24 * 6.7% = 10.408%Cost of Debt:
The Yield to Maturity (YTM) for Varner's comparable bonds is given as 3.20%. Since Varner and its rival have a similar capital structure, we can use the YTM of the rival's bonds as the cost of debt for Varner.
Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC):
WACC = (Equity / Total Capital) * Cost of Equity + (Debt / Total Capital) * Cost of DebtTo calculate the weights of equity and debt, we need to consider the market values:
Equity = Number of Shares * Market Price per Share = 240,000 * $3.50 = $840,000Debt = Long Term Debt = $16,000,000Total Capital = Equity + Debt = $840,000 + $16,000,000 = $16,840,000Now we can calculate the WACC:
WACC = (840,000 / 16,840,000) * 10.408% + (16,000,000 / 16,840,000) * 3.20% = 5.1836%According to the above we can conclude that the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) that Schauffele should use to discount the cash flows of Varner is approximately 5.18%.
Note: This question is incomplete. Here is the complete information:
Schauffele Corporation operates as a manufacturer of heavy duty machinery used in the automotive industry. The company is publicly traded with 500,000 shares of stock outstanding, currently trading at a market price of $32 per share. The company has issued debt by selling 10,000 bonds with a coupon rate of 3.45%, annual payments, a remaining maturity of 8 years and a Face Value of $1,000. The bonds currently offer a Yield To Maturity of 3.60%. Schauffele’s Beta is 1.24 and Tax Rate is 20%; the risk-free rate is 2.0% and the Market Risk Premium is 6.7%.
Schauffele is considering an acquisition of Varner, Inc., a privately-held firm that manufactures healthcare diagnostic equipment. Varner has 240,000 shares of stock with a book value of $3.50 per share and long term debt of $16,000,000. Varner’s top rival, a company that competes in every market against Varner and employs the same capital structure of 60/40 Debt/Equity as Varner, is publicly traded and has a Beta of 0.87; the competing company also has bonds trading in the market with a Yield To Maturity of 3.20%. Varner’s Tax Rate is 21%.
Calculate the Weighted Average Cost of Capital that Schauffele should use to discount the cash flows of Varner. Express your answer as a percentage rounded to two places (.34567 rounds to 34.57% for example).
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