The transistor is a great improvement over the vacuum tube because it is much more energy efficient.
a. true or
b. false
The transistor is a great improvement over the vacuum tube because it is much more energy efficient is a True statement .
A transistor is a miniature semiconductor that controls current or voltage flow and also amplifies and generates electrical signals and can also act as a switch/gate for them.
A vacuum tube, also called a valve in British English, is an electronic device used in many older model radios, television sets, and amplifiers to control electric current flow. The cathode is heated, as in a light bulb, so it will emit electrons. This is called thermionic emission.
Transistors consume lower power consumption , less waste heat, and are highly efficient than equivalent tubes, especially in small-signal circuits.
Vacuum tubes runs with D.C voltage which ranges from 400 V to 500 V. Vacuum tubes require much higher power than transistor device. Hence , are less efficient . This is the main advantages of the transistor.
Another advantage of transistors are that they are portable and lightweight equipment. Can operate on lower-voltage supplies for greater safety, also have lower costs and tighter clearances.
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A sealed syringe contains 60 cm^{3} of air at a pressure of 1.0 atmosphere. The piston is pushed in slowly until the volume is 40 cm^{3}. What is the pressure now?
The new pressure of the air in the syringe is 1.5 atm.
What is the new pressure of the syringe?The new pressure of the air in the syringe is calculated as follows assuming the temperature remains constant;
P2 = P1V1/V2
P2 = 1 * 60/40
P2 = 1.5 atmospheres
In conclusion, pressure varies inversely as volume.
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At what rate would the current in a 100-mh inductor have to change to induce an emf of 1000 v?
The current must change at a rate of [tex]10^{4}[/tex] A/sec to induce an emf of 1000 volts.
We have a inductor of inductance 100 millihenry.
We have to calculate at what rate the current in the inductor have to change to induce an emf of 1000 Volts.
What is the faraday's law of induced voltage?According to the faraday's law of induced voltage, the voltage induced in the conductor present in the time changing magnetic field is directly proportional to the negative of the rate of change of magnetic flux passing through it per unit time. Mathematically -
ε = [tex]- N\frac{d\phi}{dt}[/tex]
Where -
ε is the induced voltage
N is the number of turns
[tex]\frac{d\phi}{dt}[/tex] represents the rate of change of magnetic flux
Now, in the question it is given that -
L = 100 mH = 0.1 H
ε = 1000 Volts
Now - the voltage across the inductor is given by :
[tex]V = L \frac{di}{dt}[/tex]
[tex]\frac{di}{dt} = \frac{V}{L} = \frac{1000}{0.1} = 10^{4}[/tex] A/sec
Hence, the current must change at a rate of [tex]10^{4}[/tex] A/sec to induce an emf of 1000 volts.
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Consider the diver and the diving board. which object exerts the action force? which object exerts the reaction force? in what direction does the action force push? in what direction does the reaction force push?
action force by Diver, the reaction force is by Diving board, direction of action force is down, direction of reaction force is up.
What is Action and Reaction force?Forces, often known as action and reaction forces, always act in pairs. The force exerted by the initial action on an item is known as the action force, and the force exerted in the opposite direction by the object is known as the reaction force.
Which object exerts the action force?
diver
Which object exerts the reaction force?
diving board
In what direction does the action force push?
down
In what direction does the reaction force push?
up
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Answer:
Which object exerts the action force?
diver
Which object exerts the reaction force?
diving board
In what direction does the action force push?
down
In what direction does the reaction force push?
up
Explanation:
A space shuttle is flying north at 6,510 m/s. It
then begins accelerating at 28.4 m/s² directly
northeast to properly align its path towards
orbit around the Earth. After 60.0 s, what is
the magnitude of its velocity?
Vf = [?] m/s
a
Vf
Answer:
7808 m/s
Explanation:
Find NE velocity after 60 s of acceleration in that direction:
= a t = 28.4 m/s^2 * 60 s = 1704 m/s
Vertical component = 1704 sin 45 = 1204.9 m/s
Horiz component = 1704 cos 45 = 1204.9 m/s
Add the two vertical components
6510 + 1204.9 = 7714.9 m/s = vertical velocity
Pythagorean theorem to find resultant of vertical and horiz v's
Vf ^2 = 1204.9^2 + 7714.9^2 0
Vf = 7808. m/s
Answer: 81.1 for the direction of its velocity and 7808 for the magnitude of its velocity
Explanation:
If fuel consumption is 80 pounds per hour and groundspeed is 180 knots, how much fuel is required for an airplane to travel 477 nm?
Answer:
212 pounds
Explanation:
477 nm / 180 nm/hr * 80 #/hr = 212 #
Atmospheric pressure is about 100000 pa. at what depth in water does this pressure double?
Atmospheric pressure is about 100000 pa. at h ≈ 10 m depth in water does this pressure double
Water pressure is the result of the weight of all the water above pushing down on the water below. As you go deeper into a body of water, there is more water above, and therefore a greater weight pushing down. This is the reason water pressure increases with depth.
The atmospheric pressure at a point is defined as the force acting normally on a unit area around that point, due to the total height of the air column of the atmosphere above it.
Pressure in depth = Atmospheric pressure + (rho) * g * h
where
rho = density of water
g = acceleration due to gravity
h = depth in water
P = Po + rho * g * h
2 * [tex]10^{5}[/tex] = [tex]10^{5}[/tex] + [tex]10^{3}[/tex] * 9.8 * h
h = 10.20 m
h ≈ 10 m
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The half-life of carbon 14 is 5730 years. If a 1-gram sample of old carbon is 1/8 as radioactive as 1-gram of a current sample, then the age of the old sample is about?
Answer:
The age of the sample will decrease by 1/2 for each half-life that the sample undergoes:
1/2 * 1/2 * 1/2 = 1/8
The data indicates that the sample has undergone 3 half-lives of decay
3 * 5730 = 17190 yrs is the approximate age of the sample
How do waves made by a dripping faucet compare to the waves seen passing through slits?
The dripping faucet onto the wave causes the frequency to stay the same throughout, it just moves up and down.
When a wave is passed through the single slit, diffraction occurs. The light spreads out and after it passes through the slit, it interferes with itself.
What happens to the reactance in a purely inductive load if we increase the driving angular frequency?
The reactance in a purely inductive load if we increase the driving angular frequency will also increase .
An inductor is defined as a passive component that is used in most electrical circuits to store energy in the form of magnetic energy when electric current flows through it. It is also known as the coil, choke, or reactor. It is a two-terminal electrical component that is characterized by its inductance.
Inductive reactance is the property of an inductive coil that resists the change in alternating current (AC) through it and is similar to the opposition to direct current (DC) in a resistance.
Inductive reactance = angular frequency * inductance
X (L) = ω L
The inductive reactance of an inductor is directly proportional to angular frequency . Hence , if reactance in a purely inductor increases if there is an increase in angular frequency .
The slope shows that the “Inductive Reactance” of an inductor increases as the supply frequency across it increases. Then we can see that at DC an inductor has zero reactance (short-circuit), at high frequencies an inductor has infinite reactance (open-circuit).
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In a ruby laser, an electron jumps from a higher energy level to a lower one. if the energy difference between the two levels is 1. 8 ev, what is the wavelength of the emitted photon?
The wavelength of the emitted photon is([tex]\lambda[/tex])= 690nm
How can we calculate the wavelength of the emitted photon?To calculate the wavelength of the photon we are using the formula,
[tex]\triangle E= \frac{h\times c}{\lambda}[/tex]
Or,[tex]\lambda= \frac{h\times c}{\triangle E}[/tex]
We are given here,
[tex]\triangle E[/tex]= The energy difference between the two levels = 1. 8 ev= [tex]1.8\times 1.6 \times 10^{-19}[/tex] C.
h= Planck constant = [tex]6.626\times 10^{-34}[/tex] Js.
c= speed of light = [tex]3\times10^8[/tex] m/s.
We have to find the wavelength of the emitted photon =[tex]\lambda[/tex] m.
Therefore, we substitute the known parameters in the above equation, we can find that,
[tex]\lambda= \frac{h\times c}{\triangle E}[/tex]
Or,[tex]\lambda= \frac{6.626\times 10^{-34}\times 3\times 10^8}{1.8\times 1.6 \times 10^{-19}}[/tex]
Or,[tex]\lambda= 690\times 10^{-9}[/tex] m
Or,[tex]\lambda[/tex]=690 nm.
From the above calculation we can conclude that the wavelength of the emitted photon is 690nm.
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Which of the following best explains why electromagnetic waves of all wavelengths have the same speed in a vacuum?
A
All electromagnetic waves have the same stiffness and wave speed is proportional to stiffness.
B
All electromagnetic waves have the same manner of propagation; alternating electric and magnetic fields.
C
Why all electromagnetic waves have the same speed was explained by Einstein's theory of relativity.
D
Actually light is the fastest electromagnetic wave, followed by X-rays and then radio waves.
All electromagnetic waves have the same manner of propagation; alternating electric and magnetic fields that's why electromagnetic waves of all wavelengths have the same speed in a vacuum
An altering magnetic field will cause an altering electric field and vice versa. Electromagnetic waves are created from these shifting fields. In contrast to mechanical waves, electromagnetic waves can travel without a medium. The oscillations between an electric field and a magnetic field produce waves known as electromagnetic waves or EM waves.
In other words, magnetic and electric fields oscillate to form electromagnetic (EM) waves. Almost the majority of the energy that sustains life on our planet comes from electromagnetic waves that flow from the sun to Earth through space. Technology is a necessity for many additional electromagnetic wave sources. Examples include X-rays, radio waves, and microwaves.
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Let u = ⟨1, 5⟩, v = ⟨–3, 3⟩, and w = ⟨2, 3⟩. what is the direction angle of 4w – (2u v)?
The direction angle of 4w- (2u v) is equal to 353.7°.
Direction angle of a vectorA vector's direction angle is the angle formed by the positive x-axis and the vector v. The arctangent of the ratio between the vertical and horizontal components of the vector, v=ai+bj, can be used to determine the direction angle,, of the vector.
What is the formula for direction?Use the formula = arctan(y/x) to determine the direction of the vector v = (x, y), where is the smallest angle the vector makes with the horizontal axis and x and y are its component vectors.
Does an angle have a direction?The angle a vector creates with a horizontal line is used to determine the vector's direction. The formula:where x is the horizontal change and y is the vertical change, gives the direction angle of a vector.
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Plasma is often called the fourth state of matter. What are the four states?
A
earth, air, fire and water
B
molecular, ionized, plasma and liquid
C
frozen, melted, nuclear and plasma
D
solid, liquid, gas and plasma
Plasma is often called the fourth state of matter. The four states are solid, liquid, gas, and plasma
The term "fourth state of matter" refers to plasma, which it shares with solid, liquid, and gas. Heating a gas will result in the formation of plasma, which is a soup of positively and negatively charged particles (ions), similar to how adding energy causes a liquid to boil and transform into a gas (electrons).
The fourth state of matter after solid, liquid, and gas is referred to as plasma. An ionized substance enters this state of matter when it becomes extremely electrically conductive to the point where long-range electric and magnetic forces control its behavior. Water makes up around 92 percent of the plasma. Additionally, it has 7% of essential proteins like albumin, gamma globulin, and anti-hemophilic factor, and 1% of mineral salts, carbohydrates, lipids, hormones, and vitamins.
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450n 360n 710n 1400n 230n a block is placed in oscillation on a frictionless horizontal surface attached to a spring that is also attached to a wall. If, when stretched away from equilibrium by 15cm and released, it oscillates with a period of 0. 25s, and if the mass of the block is 15kg, what force was required to stretch the spring by the initial 15cm?.
F = 1420 N
Force was required to stretch the spring by the initial 15cm is 1420 N.
m = 15, P = 0.25, x = 0.15
F = -K x for spring
where,
F = force
K = constant
ω = (K/m)^1/2
where,
ω = angular frequency
m = mass of the block
ω^2 = K / m
K = m ω^2 = m (2 π f)^2 = m 4 π^2 / P^2
K = 4 π^2 m / P^2
F = K x = x * 4 π^2 m / P^2
F = 0.15 * 4 * π^2 * 15 / 0.25^2
F = 1420 N
What is oscillation?The movement between two locations back and forth, or to swing back and forth like a pendulum is known as oscillation.
What is equilibrium?A condition where competing forces or actions are in balance is called equilibrium.
What is the stretching force?Tensional force is the force exerted by a stretched item. It could be a rope, string, elastic band, or wire that is being stretched. The object's tensional force is applied to the objects stretching it. The stretched object is subject to tensile force.Exactly why does a spring stretch?A typical spring is a tightly wrapped metal coil or spiral that stretches when pulled (by applying force) and returns to its original shape when released (remove the force). A spring is elastic, in other words.To learn more about forced for stretching visit:
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The ________ represents the complete range of frequencies of light energy from radio waves to cosmic rays
Electromagnetic spectrum represents the complete range of frequencies of light energy from radio waves to cosmic rays.
What is electromagnetic spectrum?
Electromagnetic spectrum is nothing but the complete range of electromagnetic radiation, classified by frequency or wavelength.
What are Electromagnetic waves?When an electric field interacts with a magnetic field, electromagnetic waves are created. Therefore, they are referred to as "electromagnetic" waves.
The following are Electromagnetic waves in order:these are ranging from highest to lowest energy
gamma rays X-rays ultraviolet radiation visible light infrared radiation microwaves radio waves.Properties of Electromagnetic wave:are transverse waves that can pass through a vacuum move at the same speed—300,000,000 m/s for light—when moving through one.electromagnetic waves, like all waves:energy transfer from one location to another it can also be reflected it can be refracted.In the electromagnetic spectrum, each are different from:frequencywavelengthTo learn more about Electromagnetic spectrum visit:
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When measuring a condominium you should calculate ____ using _______ measurements.
When measuring a condominium you should calculate GLA using interior measurements.
What is condominium?A condominium is an individually owned home surrounded by other homes.What is GLA?GLA stands for Gross Living Area
The GLA is the "total area of finished, above-grade residential space; computed by measuring the outer perimeter of the structure and comprises only finished, habitable, above-grade dwelling space," according to The Dictionary of Real Estate Appraisal.How is GLA calculated?To determine a property's above-grade gross living area, the appraiser should divide the external building dimensions by the number of floors. (The below-grade area is likewise subject to the measuring process)The appraiser should utilize interior perimeter unit dimensions to determine the gross living area for units in condo or co-op structures.Basements and garages, even those that are partially above-grade, are not to be counted in the number of rooms above grade.Pros of condominium:Lower-maintenance livingSense of securitySocializing opportunitiesAffordabilityAmenitiesCons of condominium:HOA rulesInvestment riskHigher interest ratesLack of privacyLimited outdoor spaceRising HOA feesSpecial assessmentsRestrictive rental policiesTo learn more about condominium visit:
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What is the maximum electric field strength in an electromagnetic wave that has a maximum magnetic field strength of (about 10 times earth’s magnetic field)?
The maximum electric field strength in an electromagnetic wave that has a maximum magnetic field strength of 5 × 10^-4 T (about 10 times earth’s magnetic field) is 15 × 10^4 V/m
Given,
Maximum magnetic field strength, [tex]B_{max}[/tex] = 5 × 10^-4 T
Then,
Maximum electric field strength, [tex]E_{max}[/tex] = [tex]B_{max}[/tex] c
Where, c is the speed of light
Substituting all values in formula, we get,
[tex]E_{max}[/tex] = 5 × 10^-4 × 3 × 10^8
= 15 ×× 10^4 V/m
Concept
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How deep under the surface of a lake would the pressure be double that at the surface? (1 atm = 1.01 x 105 pa)
At depth of h = 10.31 m the surface of a lake would the pressure be double that at the surface
Liquid pressure is the increase in pressure at increasing depths in a liquid. This pressure increases because the liquid at lower depths has to support all of the water above it.
We calculate liquid pressure using the equation liquid pressure = density x acceleration due to g x depth in fluid.
At the surface of the lake , pressure Po is = 1.01 * [tex]10^{5}[/tex] Pa
to find = depth under the surface of a lake would the pressure be double that at the surface
Pressure under the surface will be = 2 * 1.01 * [tex]10^{5}[/tex] Pa = 2.02 * [tex]10^{5}[/tex] Pa
Pressure under the surface = Po + ( rho * g * h )
2.02 * [tex]10^{5}[/tex] = 1.01 * [tex]10^{5}[/tex] + (1000 * 9.8 * h)
1.01 * [tex]10^{5}[/tex] = 1000 * 9.8 * h
h = 10.31 m
At depth of h = 10.31 m the surface of a lake would the pressure be double that at the surface
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A charge of 12 c passes through an electroplating apparatus in 2. 0 min. what is the average current?
The average current is 0.10 A.
CurrentCharge moving through a location on a circuit at a constant rate is called current. When numerous coulombs of charge pass over a wire's cross section in a circuit, it produces a large current. It is not necessary for a wire to be moving at a fast speed in order to have a high current if the charge carriers are tightly packed into the wire. To put it another way, many charge carriers traveling through the cross section is sufficient; they do not need to travel a great distance in a single instant. The amount of charges that flow through a cross section of wire on a circuit, as opposed to how far they travel in a second, is what determines current.
A charge of 12 c passes through an electroplating apparatus in 2. 0 min. what is the average current?
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When calculating building energy performance, what is included as process energy?
When calculating building energy performance, these are included as process energy:
ElevatorWashing machineDesktop computerWhat is BEPS (Building energy performence standard)?The Sustainable DC plan's energy and climate targets, which call for a 50% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and energy use by 2032, were achieved in part because to the creation of the BEPS.Ways to improve BEPS
Put insulation first. Your building's exterior envelop should be created to reduce the amount of heating and cooling required.Pick the appropriate ventilation system.Invest in certified equipment.Utilize LED lighting.Upgrade to LEED, if you can.Determine the return on your investment.Learn more about BEPS here:
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You are approaching a police car at 68. 1 mph and the police car is approaching you at 94. 8 mph. Assume that the speed of sound is 700 mph. A. If the police car has a 1224 hz siren, what frequency do you hear? 1s.
We will hear the sound of siren of frequency 1553.4606 Hz.
What is Doppler Effect?
The apparent change in wave frequency brought on by the movement of a wave source is known as the Doppler effect. When the wave source is coming closer and when it is moving away, the perceived frequency changes. The Doppler effect explains why we hear a passing siren's sound changing in pitch.
according to Dopplers Effect,
[tex]f'=[\frac{v + v_{0} }{v - v_{s} } ]f[/tex]
[tex]f'= [\frac{700+68.1}{700-94.8} ]* 1224[/tex]
[tex]f'= 1553.4606 Hz[/tex]
the frequency would be 1553.4606 Hz.
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The electric potential at the origin of an xy-coordinate system is 40 v. a -8.0-μc charge is brought from x = [infinity] to that point. what is the electric potential energy of this charge at the origin?
Electric potential energy of that charge at origin = 40 V
Electric potential, the amount of work needed to move a unit charge from a reference point to a specific point against an electric field.
The electric potential energy of any given charge or system of changes is termed as the total work done by an external agent in bringing the charge or the system of charges from infinity to the present configuration without undergoing any acceleration.
Electric potential energy is defined as the total potential energy a unit charge will possess if located at any point in the outer space.
Potential energy at a point = change in electric potential to bring it from infinity to that point
Potential energy = Potential at that point - Potential at infinity
conventionally , potential at infinity is taken as zero
Potential energy = Potential at that point
hence , Potential energy of that charge at origin = Electric Potential at the origin
Potential energy of that charge at origin = 40 V
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Wolfgang pauli hypothesized an exclusion principle. This principle says two electrons in an atom cannot have the same what?.
No two electrons in an atom or molecule may have the same four electronic quantum numbers, according to the Pauli Exclusion Principle. Only two electrons can fit into an orbital at a time, hence they must have opposing spins.
What is Pauli's exclusion principle ?According to Pauli's Exclusion Principle, no two electrons in the same atom can have values for all four of their quantum numbers that are exactly the same. In other words, two electrons in the same orbital must have opposing spins and no more than two electrons can occupy the same orbital.
The reason it is known as the exclusion principle is because it states that all other electrons in an atom are excluded if one electron in the atom has the same specific values for all four quantum numbers.Learn more about Pauli's exclusion principle here:
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(b) A ball is thrown vertically upwards with
velocity of 20 m/s from the top of a tower of
height 25 m from ground. How long does it
remain in air? (g = 10 m/s²)
Answer:
5 seconds
Explanation:
The vertical position of the ball will be given by the equation
df = do + vo t + 1/2 a t^2 df = final position = 0 ( on the ground
do = original position ( 25 m )
vo = original velocity (+ 20 m/s)
a = - 10 m/s^2
So this becomes
0 = 25 + 20 t - 1/2 (10)t^2
= - 5 t^2 +20 t + 25 Use Quadratic Formula a = -5 b=20 c = 25
to find the positive value of t = 5 seconds
A car travelling at 3.50 m/s [w] speeds up to 14.8 m/s [w] in 3.17 s. determine the acceleration of the car.
The acceleration of the car is 3.56 m/s².
What is acceleration?Rate of change of velocity with time, both in terms of speed and direction. A point or object going straight ahead is accelerated when it accelerates or decelerates.
Some characteristics of acceleration are-
Acceleration is a vector quantity since it has a both magnitude and a direction. A vector quantity is also velocity. The velocity vector change during a time interval divided by that of the time interval is the definition of acceleration. The limit of both the ratio of the change in speed throughout a given interval of time approaches zero determines the instantaneous acceleration (at the specific time and location) ( Instantaneous rates of change). For instance, acceleration will be stated as metres per second if velocity is represented in meters per second.The formula for acceleration is;
[tex]\bar{a}=\frac{v-v_{0}}{t}=\frac{\Delta v}{\Delta t}[/tex]
[tex]\begin{aligned}&\bar{a}=\text { average acceleration } \\&v=\text { final velocity } \\&v_{0}=\text { starting velocity } \\&t=\text { elapsed time }\end{aligned}[/tex]
The starting velocity is 3.50 m/s
The final velocity is 14.8 m/s.
The elapsed time is 3.17 s.
Substitute all the values in the formula of acceleration;
[tex]\bar{a}=\frac{14.8-3.50}{3.17}\\\bar{a}=3.56[/tex]
Therefore, the acceleration of the car is 3.56 m/s².
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Abu Dhabi classical FM Radio station Broadcasts on a frequency of 91.6 MHz calculate the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the transmitter. Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum does it belongs?
Answer:
C=F×W
so, W=C/F
Explanation:
frequency=F
wavelength=W
speed of light =C in that medium
What pressure will 14. 0 g of co exert in a 3. 5 l container at 75°c?
a) 4. 1 atm
b) 5. 0 atm
c) 6. 4 atm
d) 1. 1 atm
The pressure will 14. 0 g of co exert in a 3. 5 l container at 75°c is 4.1atm.
Therefore, option A is correct option.
Given,
Mass m = 14g
Volume= 3.5L
Temperature T= 75+273 = 348 K
Molar mass of CO = 28g/mol
Universal gas constant R= 0.082057L
Number of moles in 14 g of CO is
n= mass/ molar mass
= 14/28
= 0.5 mol
As we know that
PV= nRT
P × 3.5 = 0.5 × 0.082057 × 348
P × 3.5 = 14.277
P = 14.277/3.5
P = 4.0794 atm
P = 4.1 atm.
Thus we concluded that the pressure will 14. 0 g of co exert in a 3. 5 l container at 75°c is 4.1atm.
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450n 360n 710n 1400n 230n a block is placed in oscillation on a frictionless horizontal surface attached to a spring that is also attached to a wall. If, when stretched away from equilibrium by 15cm and released, it oscillates with a period of 0. 25s, and if the mass of the block is 15kg, what force was required to stretch the spring by the initial 15cm?.
Answer:
m = 15, P = .25, x = .15
F = -K x for spring
ω = (K/m)^1/2
ω^2 = K / m
K = m ω^2 = m (2 π f)^2 = m 4 π^2 / P^2
K = 4 π^2 m / P^2
F = K x = x * 4 π^2 m / P^2
F = .15 * 4 * π^2 * 15 / .25^2
F = 1420 N
The mechanical energy of a system of objects is conserved: Group of answer choices only when the objects move along closed paths none of the above only when the work done by the resultant external force is zero only when external forces act on the objects always
The mechanical energy of a system of objects is conserved only when the work done by the resultant external force is zero.
What is mechanical energy?Mechanical energy is a special class of energy that an object contains due to its relative position or motion/movement level.
This type of energy (mechanical energy) is associated with both kinetic motion energy and potential (stored) energy.
In conclusion, the mechanical energy of a system of objects is conserved only when the work done by the resultant external force is zero.
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