PLEASE HELP IM CONFUSEDD
Sodium bicarbonate ([tex]NaHCO_3[/tex]) decomposes upon heating above 500 K as shown in the unbalanced chemical equation below. On the other hand, sodium
carbonate ([tex]Na_2CO_3[/tex]) does NOT decompose upon heating.
[tex]NaHCO_3_(_s_) -(heat)-\ \textgreater \ Na_2CO_3_(_s_)+CO_2_(_g_)+H_2O_(_g_)[/tex]
A student is given 14.00 g of a mixture containing both sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate in a small plastic vial. After heating to the point where all the sodium bicarbonate is decomposed there is a mass loss of 2.28 g.
Answer all parts of the question below.
1. Write a balanced equation for the decomposition of sodium bicarbonate by heating.
2. Describe the process by which you would heat the mixture and determine the mass loss.
3. Indicate how you would know that all the sodium bicarbonate had been decomposed.
4. Determine the % of [tex]Na_2CO_3[/tex] that was contained in the original mixture.
5. Is the sodium bicarbonate or the sodium carbonate the limiting reactant? Explain your reasoning.
Answer:
1. Balanced equation for the decomposition of sodium bicarbonate by heating:
2 NaHCO3(s) → Na2CO3(s) + CO2(g) + H2O(g)
2. To heat the mixture and determine the mass loss, the following process can be used:
- Weigh the vial with the mixture to obtain the initial mass.
- Heat the vial to a temperature above 500 K until no more mass loss is observed.
- Weigh the vial with the remaining mixture to obtain the final mass.
- Calculate the mass loss by subtracting the final mass from the initial mass.
- The mass loss will be equal to the mass of the CO2 and H2O produced during the decomposition of the NaHCO3.
3. All the sodium bicarbonate has been decomposed when the mass loss stops, which means that no more CO2 and H2O are being produced. This can be confirmed by checking the mass of the vial and mixture after heating and ensuring that it is constant.
4. To determine the % of Na2CO3 that was contained in the original mixture:
- Calculate the mass of NaHCO3 that decomposed by subtracting the mass loss from the initial mass of the mixture.
- Convert the mass of NaHCO3 to moles by dividing by the molar mass of NaHCO3 (84.01 g/mol).
- Use the balanced equation to find the number of moles of Na2CO3 produced.
- Convert the moles of Na2CO3 to grams by multiplying by the molar mass of Na2CO3 (105.99 g/mol).
- Calculate the % of Na2CO3 in the original mixture by dividing the mass of Na2CO3 produced by the initial mass of the mixture and multiplying by 100.
5. The sodium bicarbonate is the limiting reactant because it is the only reactant that decomposes during heating. The mass loss observed during the experiment is directly related to the amount of NaHCO3 that decomposed. Therefore, the amount of Na2CO3 in the original mixture is irrelevant to determining the limiting reactant.
Explanation:
mark me brilliant
A chemical reaction produces 14.9 g of CO2. What volume does this gas occupy, in liters, at 1.5
atm and 29°C?
(Give the number only, not the unit).
Volume of CO2 produced is 5.35 L at 1.5 atm and 29°C.
To solve this problem
We must apply the ideal gas law to this issue in order to solve it:
PV = nRT
Where
n is the number of moles of gas P is the pressureV is the volumeR is the ideal gas constantT is the temperature in KelvinWe must first determine how many moles of CO2 were created.
m(CO2) = 14.9 g
M(CO2) = 44.01 g/mol (molar mass of CO2)
n(CO2) = m(CO2) / M(CO2) = 14.9 g / 44.01 g/mol = 0.3388 mol
The ideal gas law can then be used to calculate the amount of CO2
P = 1.5 atm
T = 29°C = 29 + 273 = 302 K
The ideal gas constant is R = 0.0821 L atm/(mol K).
V(CO2) = n(CO2)RT/P = 0.3388 mol (0.0821 L atm/mol K) (302 K)/1.5 atm) = 5.35 L
Therefore, The volume of CO2 produced is 5.35 L at 1.5 atm and 29°C.
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A typical barometric pressure in Denver, Colorado, is 624 mm Hg. What is this pressure in atmospheres?
A barometric pressure of 624 mm Hg is equivalent to 0.821 atmospheres.
Barometric pressure, also known as atmospheric pressure, is the force per unit area exerted by the weight of the air above a given point on Earth's surface due to the force of gravity pulling air towards the Earth. It is typically measured using a barometer and is expressed in units of pressure, such as millimeters of mercury (mm Hg), atmospheres (atm), or pascals (Pa).
To convert barometric pressure from millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) to atmospheres (atm), we can use the conversion factor;
1 atm = 760 mm Hg
So, to convert 624 mm Hg to atmospheres, we divide by 760:
624 mm Hg / 760 mm Hg/atm
= 0.821 atm
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1. A silver bar with a mass of 255.0 g is heated from 25° C to 65.5 °C. How much heat does the silver bar absorb? Specific heat of silver= 0.240 j/g. C
According to specific heat capacity, 2478.6 joules of heat does the silver bar absorb.
Specific heat capacity is defined as the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of substance by one degree Celsius. It has units of calories or joules per gram per degree Celsius.
It varies with temperature and is different for each state of matter. Water in the liquid form has the highest specific heat capacity among all common substances .
It is given by the formula ,
Q=mcΔT, substitution in formula gives Q=255×0.240×40.5=2478.6 J.
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g/Fr
5 m
16.
(2) If 550 kJ of energy are added to 2200. grams of water at 22 °C, what is the final temperature of the
water? CH₂0-4.184 J/g °C
1
For our purposes, we'll rearrange the specific heat equation to produce the temperature rise (T=Q mc T = Q m c), then use it in combination with a revised equation for the temperature change to determine the ultimate temperature (T=Ti+T T f = T i + T).
How do you calculate the ultimate temperature when combining two liquids?The first container's mass and temperature are multiplied together, and the result is added to the second container's mass and temperature to determine the mixture's water temperature. Finally, divide that outcome by the combined water masses in each container.
Accordingly, 1 g of has 540 calories of heat energy in excess of 1 g of water.
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2.
101.3 Kpa
In a balloon, the pressure is 385 atm with a volume of 1.5 L at 25 °C. What is the new pressure
when the temperature increases to 32 °C causing the balloon to expand to 2.2 L?
The new pressure of the balloon, given that the temperature increases to 32 °C causing the balloon to expand to 2.2 L is 268.97 atm
How do i determine the new pressure of the balloon?From the question given above, the following data were obtained:
Initial pressure (P₁) = 385 atmInitial volume (V₁) = 1.5 LInitial temperature (T₁) = 25 °C = 25 + 273 = 298 KNew temperature (T₂) = 32 °C = 32 + 273 = 305 KNew volume (V₂) = 2.2 LNew pressure (P₂) = ?The combined gas equation states shown as below:
P₁V₁ / T₁ = P₂V₂ / T₂
Inputting the various parameters, we can obtain the new pressure as follow:
(385 × 1.5) / 298 = (P₂ × 2.2) / 305
Cross multiply
298 × 2.2 × P₂ = 385 × 1.5 × 305
Divide both sides by (298 × 2.2)
P₂ = (385 × 1.5 × 305) / (298 × 2.2)
P₂ = 268.97 atm
Thus, from the above calculation, it is evident tha the new pressure of the balloon is 268.97 atm
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If you have 0.64 L of oxygen at a pressure of 300 kpa with a
temperature of 600k how many moles are present?
The amount of moles are present in the oxygen gas is 0.04 mol.
How many moles are present in the oxygen gas?To calculate the number of moles of oxygen present, we can use the ideal gas law equation:
PV = nRT
Given that:
P = pressure = 300 kPa = 303/101.3 = 2.9911 atm
V = volume = 0.64 L
R = gas constant = 0.08206 Latm/molK
T = temperature = 600 K
n = number of moles (what we are trying to find)
Rearranging the equation to solve for n, we get:
PV = nRT
n = PV / RT
Substituting the given values, we get:
n = ( 2.9911 atm × 0.64 L ) / ( 0.08206 Latm/molK × 600 K )
n = 1.914304 / 49.236
n = 0.04 mol
Therefore, the amount present is 0.04 mol.
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A chemistry student mixes 50.0 mL of 0.100 M HCl with 50.0 mL of 0.25 M Ba(OH)2. The temperature of the solution increases by 2.5°C. What is the deltaH rxn in kJ/mol water formation?
According to specific heat capacity, the ΔH of reaction in kJ/mol water formation is- 1.575 kJ/mol.
Specific heat capacity is defined as the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of substance by one degree Celsius. It has units of calories or joules per gram per degree Celsius.
It varies with temperature and is different for each state of matter. Water in the liquid form has the highest specific heat capacity among all common substances .Specific heat capacity of a substance is infinite as it undergoes phase transition ,it is highest for gases and can rise if the gas is allowed to expand.
It is given by the formula ,
Q=mcΔT it can also be replaced as ΔH= -mcΔt= -0.150×4.2×2.5= - 1.575 where m= 0.250-0.100=0.150.
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In 3–5 sentences, explain the various factors that should be considered when implementing green roofs.
SOMEONE PLEASE HELP QUICK!!
Answer:
When implementing green roofs, several factors should be considered, including the building's structural capacity to support the additional weight of the green roof, the local climate and weather patterns, the type of vegetation to be used, and the maintenance requirements. It is also important to consider the potential benefits, such as improved energy efficiency, stormwater management, and biodiversity, as well as any potential drawbacks, such as increased installation and maintenance costs.
Answer: When implementing green roofs, several factors should be considered, including the type of vegetation to be used, the weight-bearing capacity of the roof, the drainage system, and the maintenance requirements. The type of vegetation chosen should be appropriate for the local climate and able to withstand the harsh conditions of a rooftop environment. The weight of the green roof must also be taken into account to ensure that the roof can support it. A proper drainage system is essential to prevent water damage and leaks. Finally, regular maintenance is necessary to ensure the longevity and effectiveness of the green roof.
Explain the path light travels after its creation until it exits the surface of the Sun.
As photons of light leave the core, they collide with electrons and atomic nuclei, scattering off each one.
What happens to light when it leaves the light source?Rays are straight lines that light waves that move in from their source. Rays do not curve around corners, therefore when they come into contact with an opaque object (one that does not allow light to flow through it), they are prevented from reaching the other side.
Light travels in a straight line until it encounters a new medium, whether it be in air, water, glass, diamond, a smokey Broadway stage, or any other transparent substance (or in nothing — the vacuum of space). The path of light is the Ultimate Straight Line, so straight that analogies fail.
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A chemical reaction happens in three steps.
Step 1:Step 2:Step 3:A→B+CC→D+ED+A→F(fast)(slow)(fast)
What is the rate-determining step?
The rate-determining step for the given chemical reaction is Step 2 only.
This is because the rate of a chemical reaction is determined by the slowest step in the reaction mechanism, which is called the rate-determining step. In this reaction, Step 1 is fast, meaning it occurs much more quickly than Step 2, and Step 3 is also fast, meaning it does not limit the overall rate. Therefore, Step 2 is the only step that controls the rate of the reaction.
Knowing the rate-determining step is important for understanding the kinetics of the reaction and optimizing reaction conditions to maximize the yield or selectivity of the desired products. In this case, increasing the concentration of the reactants involved in Step 2 would increase the rate of the reaction, while increasing the concentrations of the other reactants would have no effect on the rate.
Therefore, the rate-determining step for the given chemical reaction is Step 2 only.
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explain the role of pharmaceutical chemist in the synthesis of effective new drugs
Pharmaceutical chemists play a crucial role in the synthesis of effective new drugs. They design and synthesize new chemical compounds, and modify existing ones to optimize their pharmacological activity, selectivity, and safety.
Pharmaceutical chemists use their knowledge of chemistry and biochemistry to design and optimize molecules that can bind to specific biological targets, such as enzymes or receptors. They also investigate the structure-activity relationships of drugs and study the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of new compounds.
Pharmaceutical chemists work in interdisciplinary teams with other scientists, including biologists, pharmacologists, and clinical researchers, to develop and test new drugs. Their work helps to identify and optimize promising drug candidates, to advance them through preclinical and clinical development toward regulatory approval, and eventual commercialization.
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A solution of nitric acid (HNO3) is 36.5 m with a density of 1.41 g/mL.
a) Determine the molarity of the solution.
b) Determine the percent by mass of HNO3 in the solution.
The solution has a molarity of 38.767 M., HNO3 is present in the solution at a mass percentage of 62291%.
a) Determine the molarity of the solution.Molarity = moles of solute/volume of solution (in litres)
moles of nitric acid is present in the solution:
mass of nitric acid = density x volume x molar mass
mass of nitric acid = [tex]1.41 g/mL x 1000 mL x 63.01 g/\\olmass of nitric acid = 89.1201 g[/tex]
number of moles of nitric acid = mass / molar mass
number of moles of nitric acid = [tex]89.1201 g / 63.01 g/mol[/tex]
number of moles of nitric acid = [tex]1.4145 mol[/tex]
Now, calculate the molarity:
Molarity = moles of solute/volume of solution
Molarity = [tex]1.4145 mol / 0.0365 L[/tex]
Molarity = [tex]38.767 M[/tex]
B)Determine the per cent by mass of HNO3 in the solution.% by mass = (mass of HNO3 / total mass of solution) x 100%
mass of HNO3 = volume of solution x density x molarity x molar mass
mass of HNO3 = [tex]0.0365 L x 1.41 g/mL x 38.767 mol/L x 63.01 g/mol[/tex]
mass of HNO3 = 32.0131 g
the total mass of the solution:
total mass of solution = volume of solution x density
total mass of solution = 0.0365 L x 1.41 g/mL
total mass of solution = 0.051365 g
Finally, the per cent by mass:
% by mass = (mass of HNO3 / total mass of solution) x 100%
% by mass = [tex](32.0131 g / 0.051365 g) *100%[/tex]
% by mass = 62291%
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The solution has a molarity of 38.767 M and contains 62291% HNO3 by mass.
What is molarity?
The molarity (M) of a solution is defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved in one liter of solution.
The formula for determining molarity is moles of solute/liters of solution.
Mass / molar mass = number of nitric acid moles.
Nitric acid's molecular weight is equal to 89.1201 g divided by 63.01 g/mol, or 1.4145 mol, while formic acid's mass is equal to 1.49*1000*63.01, or 89.1201 g.
The moles of a solute divided by the volume of a solution is the molality.
Mass of HNO3 = volume of solution x density x molarity x molar mass Mass of HNO3 = 0.0365 * 38.767 * 63.01 = 32.01
Molarity = 1.4145 / 0.0365 = 38.767 M
Total mass of solution equals volume of solution times density, or 0.051 g. Percent by mass equals mass of HNO3 divided by total mass of solution, or 32.01/0.051, multiplied by 100%, or 62291%.
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how many grams of zinc would you need to produce 8.08 grams of hydrogen
Answer:
The reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid produces hydrogen gas according to the following equation:
Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
This equation tells us that 1 mole of zinc reacts with 2 moles of hydrochloric acid to produce 1 mole of hydrogen gas. The molar mass of zinc is 65.38 g/mol, and the molar mass of hydrogen is 1.008 g/mol.
Using this information, we can set up the following proportion to find the number of grams of zinc needed to produce 8.08 grams of hydrogen:
1 mole Zn / 2 moles H2 = 65.38 g Zn / 1 mole Zn
x grams Zn / 8.08 g H2 = 65.38 g Zn / 1 mole Zn
Solving for x, we get:
x = (8.08 g H2) x (1 mole Zn / 2 moles H2) x (65.38 g Zn / 1 mole Zn)
x = 261.7 g
Therefore, you would need 261.7 grams of zinc to produce 8.08 grams of hydrogen.
Explanation:
draw the Lewis structures for two molecules of F2 in the liquid state.
Electron dot structures or Lewis dot formula is generally used if the molecular formula of the compound is known. It explains the nature of bond and position of atoms within the molecule.
Lewis dot structures are defined as the diagrams which is used to describe the chemical bonding between atoms in a molecule. They also represent the total number of lone pairs present in each of the atoms which constitute the molecule.
The atomic number of 'F' is 9, so its Lewis structure is below:
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Ca(OH)2(k) + NH4Cl(k) → CaCl2(aq) + NH3(g) + H2O(s) (Reaction is not balanced)
If a mixture containing 33 g NH4Cl and 33 g Ca(OH)2 is heated, how many grams of NH3 will form and which reactant remains in excess, and in what mass? (Ca: 40 g/mole, Cl: 35.5 g/mole, O: 16 g/mole, N: 14 g/mole, H: 1 g/mole)
Explanation:
First, we need to balance the equation:
Ca(OH)2(s) + 2NH4Cl(s) → CaCl2(aq) + 2NH3(g) + 2H2O(l)
Now, we can use stoichiometry to determine which reactant is in excess and how much NH3 will form.
From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of Ca(OH)2 reacts with 2 moles of NH4Cl to produce 2 moles of NH3. We need to find the limiting reactant in the given mixture of 33 g NH4Cl and 33 g Ca(OH)2.
The molar mass of NH4Cl is 53.5 g/mol (1N + 4H + 1Cl), so 33 g NH4Cl is equal to:
33 g / 53.5 g/mol = 0.617 moles NH4Cl
The molar mass of Ca(OH)2 is 74 g/mol (1Ca + 2O + 2H), so 33 g Ca(OH)2 is equal to:
33 g / 74 g/mol = 0.446 moles Ca(OH)2
From the balanced equation, we know that 1 mole of Ca(OH)2 reacts with 2 moles of NH4Cl, so the maximum number of moles of NH4Cl that can react with 0.446 moles of Ca(OH)2 is:
0.446 moles Ca(OH)2 x (2 moles NH4Cl / 1 mole Ca(OH)2) = 0.892 moles NH4Cl
Since we have only 0.617 moles of NH4Cl, NH4Cl is the limiting reactant and Ca(OH)2 is in excess.
To calculate the amount of NH3 produced, we can use the stoichiometric ratio from the balanced equation. For every 2 moles of NH3 produced, we need 2 moles of H2O. The molar mass of NH3 is 17 g/mol (1N + 3H), so 0.617 moles of NH3 is equal to:
0.617 moles x 2 moles NH3 / 2 moles H2O x 17 g/mol NH3 = 10.5 g NH3
Therefore, 10.5 g of NH3 will form, and Ca(OH)2 is in excess with a mass of:
33 g Ca(OH)2 - (0.446 moles Ca(OH)2 x 74 g/mol Ca(OH)2) = 0.26 g Ca(OH)2
which contains only hydrogens and 5 carbons
A pentane molecule is one with only hydrogen atoms and five carbon atoms.
Describe a molecule?The smallest component of an item that yet possesses all of its chemical characteristics is called a molecule. It is made up of more than one atom that are joined by stable chemical bonds, usually covalent ones. The size and complexity of molecules can vary widely, from simple diatomic particles like oxygen (O 2) or nitrogen ( N ) to complex molecules of organic matter like peptides and DNA. Electrons of the exact same element or other elements can be combined to form molecules. A molecule's qualities are governed by the arrangement and bonds between its individual atoms. In the sciences, chemistry, and many other fields, molecules are essential.
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The titration of 25.00mL of 0.166 M NaOH required 19.5 mL of HCH3COO. what is the value forbthe unknown concentration of HCH3COO?
Answer:
unknown concentration of CH₃COOH = 0.2128 mol/L
Volumetric Analysis: TitrationVolumetric analysis is a quantitative laboratory technique used to determine the concentration of a solution by reacting it with a standard solution. A simple titration is an example of volumetric analysis, with others being back titrations, and double titrations
A Simple titration involves the slow adding of one solution of a unknown concentration (known as titrant), from a burette, to another solution, in a conical flask, of known volume and known concentration (known as a standard solution) The titrant is added until the second solution is neutralised by the titrant, which is often apparent via colour change from using an indicator. This point where the colour change occurs, is called the end point, and marks when the reaction is complete.
The volume of titrant used to neutralise the standard solution, is known as the titre, and is used in volumetric analysis, to calculate the unknown concentration of the titrant.
In titration of 0.02500 L of 0.166 mol/L NaOH (standard solution = flask), with a CH₃COOH titrant (unknown concentration = burette), the titre required to meet end point = 0.0195 L of CH₃COOH
To find the concentration, we require moles, and volume (titre). To calculate moles, we can consider the equation of the reaction:
CH₃COOH(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCH₃COO(aq) + H₂O(l)
The stoichiometry of the above reaction is 1 : 1. Therefore:
moles of CH₃COOH = moles of NaOH
Stoichiometry:The ratio of coefficients of reactants and products in a reaction equation, is known as the stoichiometry of the reaction.
Thus, mol(NaOH) = concentration×Volume
= 0.166×0.02500 = 4.15×10⁻³ mol
mol(NaOH) = mol(CH₃COOH) = 4.15×10⁻³ mol
Therefore, concentration of CH₃COOH = mol/volume (titre)
= 4.15×10⁻³/0.0195 = 0.2128 mol/L
∴ unknown concentration of CH₃COOH = 0.2128 mol/L
1. Distinguish between renewable and non-renewable energy.
2. Define gravitational force.
3. Calculate the force acting on a body of mass 45kg accelerating 5m/s2.
4. List four planets.
5. Outline two advantages of renewable energy.
In which situation would a reaction most likely take place?
1.Two atoms collide directly with very little energy.
2.Two atoms race past each other and never touch.
3.Two atoms collide at an odd angle with high energy.
4.Two atoms collide directly with high energy.
Answer: option 4, "Two atoms collide directly with high energy," is the most likely situation for a reaction to occur.
Explanation: 20 + 70 + x = 180
We are able include the two known angles and after that subtract the result from 180 to induce the degree of the lost point:
20 + 70 = 90
180 - 90 = 90
A flashbulb of volume 2.00 mL contains O2(g) at a pressure of 2.30 atm and a temperature of 20.0 °C. How many grams of O2(g) does the flashbulb contain?
Answer:
la bombilla de flash contiene 0,00550 gramos de O2
Explanation:
is legislation regardingwaste water necessary? yes or no
A 12.76 g mixture of sugar ( C12H22O11 ) and table salt ( NaCl ) is dissolved in 237 g of water. The freezing point of the solution was measured as −2.37 ∘C . Calculate the mass percent of sugar in the mixture. A list of Kf values can be found in the colligative constants table.
The mass percentage of the sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) in the mixture, given that the mixture has a mass of 12.76 g, is 85.42%
How do i determine the mass percentage of the sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁)?We'll begin by obtaining the molar mass of sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) and NaCl. Details below:
For C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁
Molar mass of C = 12 g/molMolar mass of H = 1 g/molMolar mass of O = 16 g/molMolar mass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = ?Molar mass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = (12 × 12) + (1 × 22) + (16 × 11)
Molar mass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = 342 g/mol
For NaCl
Molar mass of Na = 23 g/molMolar mass of Cl = 35.5 g/molMolar mass of NaCl =?Molar mass of NaCl = 23 + 35.5
Molar mass of NaCl = 58.5 g/mol
Next, we shall obtain the mass of the sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) in the mixture. Details below:
Molar mass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = 342 g/molMolar mass of NaCl = 58.5 g/molMass of mixture = 12.76 gMass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ =?Mass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = [molar mass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ / molar mass of (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + NaCl)] × mass of mixture
Mass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = [342 / (342 + 58.5)] × 12.76
Mass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = 10.90 g
Finally, we shall determine the mass percentage of the sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁). This is illustrated as follow:
Mass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = 10.90 gMass of mixture = 12.76 gMass percentage of sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) =?Mass percentage of sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) = (mass of of KClO₃ / mass of mixture) × 100
Mass percentage of sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) = (10.90 / 12.76) × 100
Mass percentage of sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) = 85.42%
Thus, the mass percentage of the sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) is 85.42%
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How many mL of 0.245 M Cu(NO3)2 (MM=187.56 g/mol) contains 7.86g of solute?
A.) 171 mL
B.) 0.166 mL
C.) 127 mL
D.) 103 mL
E.) none of these choices is correct
171mL of 0.245 M Cu(NO3)2 (MM=187.56 g/mol) contains 7.86g of solute. The correct answer is option a, 171 mL.
Firstly, in order to calculate the volume of a solution, we need to use the following formula:
molarity = moles of solute / volume of solution in liters.
Now, we have to calculate the number of moles of Cu(NO3)2 in 7.86 g of solute. For this purpose we can easily use the molar mass of Cu(NO3)2 to convert the mass to moles:
moles = mass / molar mass
which means moles = 7.86 g / 187.56 g/mol
moles = 0.0418 mol
Further, we have to use the molarity of the solution to calculate the exact volume of solution needed to contain this amount of solute which we can do by using following formula:
molarity = moles of solute / volume of solution in liters
Substituting the values, we get
0.245 M = 0.0418 mol / volume of solution in liters
volume of solution in liters = 0.0418 mol / 0.245 M
volume of solution in liters = 0.1706 L
Lastly, we also need to convert the volume from liters to milliliters to get the right answer:
volume of solution in milliliters = 0.1706 L x 1000 mL/L
volume of solution in milliliters = 170.6 m, which is the final answer.
Therefore, the answer is A.) 171 mL.
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In the reaction N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) 2NH3 (g) + heat, an increase in pressure is required to speed up the reaction.
TRUE OR FALSE?
Animal fats and vegetable oils are triacylglycerols, or triesters, formed from the reaction
of glycerol (1, 2, 3-propanetriol) with three long-chain fatty acids. One of the methods
used to characterize a fat or an oil is a determination of its saponification number. When
treated with boiling aqueous KOH, an ester is saponified into the parent alcohol and fatty
acids (as carboxylate ions). The saponification number is the number of milligrams of
KOH required to saponify 1.000 g of the fat or oil. In a typical analysis, a 2.085-g sample
of butter is added to 25.00 mL of 0.5131 M KOH. After saponification is complete, the
excess KOH is back titrated with 10.26 mL of 0.5000 M HCl. What is the saponification
number for this sample of butter?
Can anyone explain what's happening here? (70 points)
The subject is chemistry
The first image illustrates the variation in the pressure, volume, and temperature of given masses of gases.
The second picture illustrates the cooling/heating curve of a substance.
The third picture illustrates the increase in the volume of a gas in a balloon with the increase in temperature.
The fourth picture shows the increase and decrease in the volume of a gas with temperature.
What is the effect of temperature on the volume of a gas?The volume of a gas is inversely related to its pressure and directly related to its temperature and mass.
The kinetic energy of the gas molecules increases together with the temperature, as does their velocity. Additionally, the intermolecular forces between the molecules loosen, causing the spaces between the molecules to widen and the volume to rise.
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A student was given a 2.919-g sample of a mixture of potassium nitrate and potassium bromide and was asked to find the percentage of each compound in the mixture. He dissolved the sample and added a solution that contained an excess of silver nitrate, AgNO3. The silver ion precipitated all of the bromide ion in the mixture as AgBr. It was filtered, dried, and weighed. Its mass was 2.916 g. What was the percentage of each compound in the mixture?
The mixture contains approximately 0.103% KNO3 and 99.897% KBr.
What is compound in each mixture?
In a mixture, a compound is a substance that is made up of two or more different elements that are chemically bonded together in a fixed ratio. A compound is a pure substance because it has a definite composition and properties that are different from the elements that make it up.
To determine the percentage of each compound in the mixture, we need to first determine the mass of each compound present in the mixture.
Let x be the mass of potassium nitrate (KNO3) in the mixture and y be the mass of potassium bromide (KBr) in the mixture. Then, we have:
x + y = 2.919 g (1)
To find x and y, we can use the reaction between silver nitrate (AgNO3) and potassium bromide:
AgNO3 + KBr → AgBr + KNO3
From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of AgNO3 reacts with 1 mole of KBr to form 1 mole of AgBr and 1 mole of KNO3. Therefore, the mass of AgBr formed in the reaction is equal to the mass of KBr present in the mixture.
We are given that the mass of AgBr formed is 2.916 g. Therefore, the mass of KBr present in the mixture is also 2.916 g. We can now use this information to find the mass of KNO3 present in the mixture.
From equation (1), we have:
x + 2.916 g = 2.919 g
Solving for x, we get:
x = 0.003 g
Therefore, the mass of KNO3 present in the mixture is 0.003 g.
To find the percentage of each compound in the mixture, we can use the following formulas:
Percentage of KNO3 = (mass of KNO3 / mass of mixture) x 100%
Percentage of KBr = (mass of KBr / mass of mixture) x 100%
Substituting the values we have found, we get:
Percentage of KNO3 = (0.003 g / 2.919 g) x 100% ≈ 0.103%
Percentage of KBr = (2.916 g / 2.919 g) x 100% ≈ 99.897%
Therefore, the mixture contains approximately 0.103% KNO3 and 99.897% KBr.
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provide the mechanism of hydrolysis of 2-methylpropionic acid nitrile in acidic conditions
The hydrolysis of 2-methylpropionic acid nitrile in acidic conditions proceeds through an acid-catalyzed mechanism.
The mechanism can be described as follows:
Protonation of the nitrile group by the acid catalyst to form a protonated nitrile intermediate.Nucleophilic attack of water on the protonated nitrile intermediate to form a protonated amide intermediate.Deprotonation of the protonated amide intermediate by the acid catalyst to form the corresponding carboxylic acid.Protonation of the water molecule by the acid catalyst to generate a hydronium ion, which can then protonate another molecule of the nitrile substrate and continue the reaction.The hydrolysis of 2-methylpropionic acid nitrile in acidic conditions results in the conversion of the nitrile group to a carboxylic acid group through the addition of a water molecule and subsequent proton transfer steps. This reaction is commonly used in the synthesis of carboxylic acids from nitriles, and is an important process in organic chemistry.
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