Handling a hostile audience during a live presentation requires remaining composed, addressing concerns respectfully, and actively listening to the audience.
One example of a presentation to a hostile audience could involve a co-worker presenting a new company policy to a group of employees who strongly disagreed with the changes. The contentious issues could revolve around changes in working hours, responsibilities, or compensation. As the presentation commenced, several attendees became disruptive, interrupting with loud objections and displaying rude behavior.
To mitigate the situation, it is important to remain calm and composed. The presenter could acknowledge the concerns raised by the audience and address them respectfully. This approach helps defuse tensions and shows a willingness to engage in a constructive dialogue. The presenter could also set ground rules for the audience, emphasizing the need for respectful behavior and stating that everyone's opinions will be heard.
Experts recommend several strategies to handle hostile audiences effectively. These include:
Preparation: Thoroughly researching the topic, understanding the concerns of the audience, and anticipating potential objections can help in addressing them proactively.Engaging with empathy: Demonstrating empathy towards the audience's concerns and actively listening to their viewpoints can help build rapport and foster a more constructive atmosphere.Establishing common ground: Finding shared values or goals with the audience can create a basis for productive discussion and problem-solving.Redirecting negative energy: Instead of engaging in confrontations, redirecting negative energy by focusing on the agenda, highlighting facts, and maintaining a positive demeanor can help steer the discussion back on track.Allowing questions and feedback: Encouraging questions and feedback shows a willingness to address concerns and can help dissipate hostility.Utilizing visual aids and storytelling: Engaging visuals and compelling storytelling techniques can captivate the audience's attention and help convey the message more effectively.Learn more about company policy here:
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A buyer and seller trade with each other for an infinite number of periods. Both parties have a discount factor of d, where 0 < d < 1. In each period both parties can play trust (T) or to play selfish (S). If both the buyer and seller play T the payoffs are 4 to each player. If both parties play 5 the payoffs are 3 to each player. If one player plays S and the other T. the payoffs are 7 to the player who opted for S and 1 to the party that opted for T. Consider the following trigger strategy. In the first period play T. In any subsequent period, play T if in every previous period the outcome was (T, T), if not play S. What is the minimum d required for this trigger strategy to be subgame perfect equilibrium? O 1/3 O 1/4 O None of the other answers are correct. O 3/4 O2/3
The minimum d required for the trigger strategy to be a subgame perfect equilibrium is 2/3. Correct answer is 2/3.
In repeated games, a player can use strategies to encourage cooperation. A trigger strategy is one such method. Trigger strategies entail beginning with cooperation and only ceasing cooperation if the other player fails to cooperate. This is to avoid the cost of defection in subsequent rounds. A buyer and seller engage in trade with one another for an infinite number of periods in this situation. Both parties have a discount factor of d, where 0 < d < 1. In each period, both parties can play trust (T) or selfishness (S).If both the buyer and seller play T the payoffs are 4 to each player. If both parties play 5 the payoffs are 3 to each player.
If one player plays S and the other T, the payoffs are 7 to the player who opted for S and 1 to the party that opted for T. The minimum d required for the trigger strategy to be a subgame perfect equilibrium is 2/3.Trigger strategy is a way for the players to maintain their co-operation. For subgame perfection, it is necessary to follow the strategy even though the game is still under way. When one of the players is identified to be acting selfishly, the game ends. If both players are aware of the other's strategy, then a trigger strategy would be a good way to maintain cooperation. This is called subgame perfection in the game theory.
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The T. P. Jarmon Company manufactures and sells a line of exclusive sportswear. The firm's sales were $599,900 for the year just ended, and its total assets exceeded $500,000. The company was started by Mr. Jarmon just 10 years ago and has been profitable every year since its inception. The chief financial officer for the firm, Brent Vehlim, has decided to seek a line of credit from the firm's bank totaling $86,000. In the past, the company has relied on its suppliers to finance a large part of its needs for inventory. However, in recent months tight money conditions have led the firm's suppliers to offer sizable cash discounts to speed up payments for purchases. Mr. Vehlim wants to use the line of credit to supplant a large portion of the firm's payables during the summer, which is the firm's peak seasonal sales period. The firm's two most recent balance sheets were presented to the bank in support of its loan request. In addition, the firm's income statement for the year just ended was provided. These statements are found in the following tables: Jan Fama, associate credit analyst for the Merchants National Bank of Midland, Michigan, was assigned the task of analyzing Jarmon's loan request. a. Calculate the following financial ratios for 2013: ... provided. These statements are found in the following tables: assigned the task of analyzing Jarmon's loan request. Jan Fama, associate credit analyst for the Merchants National Bank of Midland, Michigan, was a. Calculate the following financial ratios for 2013: b. Which of the ratios calculated in part (a) do you think should be most crucial in determining whether the bank should extend the line of credit? c. Use the information provided by the financial ratios and industry-norm ratios to decide if you would support making the loan. Discuss the basis for your recommendation. T. P. Jarmon Company Balance Sheets Cash Marketable securities Accounts receivable Inventory Prepaid rent Total current assets Net plant and equipment 2012 $15,100 5,990 41,900 50,900 1,210 $115,100 286,100 2013 $14,100 6,190 33,100 83,900 1,090 $138,380 270,000 Net plant and equipment Total assets Accounts payable Notes payable Accruals Total current liabilities Long-term debt mtaal.boldowal A 286,100 $401,200 2012 $47,900 15,000 6,000 $68,900 160,000 170 000 270,000 $408,380 2013 $56,900 13,000 5,000 $74,900 150,000 100 100 Long-term debt Common stockholders' equity Total liabilities and owners' equity 160,000 172,300 $401,200 on the icon in order to copy its contents into a spreadsheet.) T. P. Jarmon Company Income Statement for 2013 Sales (all credit) Less: Cost of goods sold 150,000 183,480 $408,380 $599,900 (459,900) Sales (all credit) Less: Cost of goods sold Gross profit Less: Operating and interest expenses General and administrative Interest Depreciation Total Earnings before taxes Less Taxes $(30,000) (10,000) (30,000) $599,900 (459,900) $140,000 $(70,000) $70,000 (27 100) Interest Depreciation (10,000) (30,000) Total Earnings before taxes Less: Taxes Net income available to common stockholders Less: Cash dividends Change in retained earnings ck on the icon in order to copy its contents into a spreadsheet) $(70,000) $70,000 (27,100) $42,900 (31,800) $11,100
a. The financial ratios for 2013 can be calculated as follows: Current Ratio: Current Assets / Current Liabilities
Current Ratio = $138,380 / $74,900 = 1.85
Quick Ratio: (Current Assets - Inventory) / Current Liabilities
Quick Ratio = ($138,380 - $83,900) / $74,900 = 0.78
Inventory Turnover: Cost of Goods Sold / Average Inventory
Inventory Turnover = $459,900 / (($50,900 + $83,900) / 2) = 5.45
Debt-to-Equity Ratio: Total Debt / Total Equity
Debt-to-Equity Ratio = ($74,900 + $150,000 + $100,100) / $172,300 = 1.23
b. The most crucial ratio in determining whether the bank should extend the line of credit would be the Current Ratio. This ratio indicates the company's ability to meet its short-term obligations. A higher current ratio indicates a better ability to cover current liabilities with current assets.
c. To determine whether to support making the loan, we need to assess the company's financial health and its ability to repay the loan. Comparing the financial ratios to industry-norm ratios can provide insights into the company's performance relative to its peers.
The Current Ratio of 1.85 is relatively good, indicating that the company has sufficient current assets to cover its current liabilities. The Quick Ratio of 0.78 suggests that the company may have some difficulty meeting its short-term obligations without relying on inventory.
The Inventory Turnover ratio of 5.45 indicates that the company is selling its inventory relatively quickly, which is positive. However, the Debt-to-Equity Ratio of 1.23 suggests that the company has a moderate level of debt compared to its equity.
Considering the financial ratios and the company's profitability over the years, it appears that the T.P. Jarmon Company has been successful and profitable. However, further analysis of the company's cash flow and ability to generate sufficient income to repay the loan would be necessary to make a final recommendation on granting the line of credit.
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Discuss the importance of safety in the South African maritime industry and the number of incidents concerning safety at sea.
Safety is of utmost importance in the South African maritime industry due to the significant number of incidents concerning safety at sea.
The South African maritime industry plays a vital role in the country's economy, with a range of activities such as shipping, fishing, and offshore oil and gas exploration. Safety is crucial in this industry to protect the lives of seafarers, ensure the protection of the marine environment, and safeguard valuable maritime assets. Unfortunately, South Africa has experienced a number of incidents highlighting the importance of safety at sea. For instance, there have been instances of ship collisions, groundings, and oil spills, resulting in environmental damage and loss of lives. These incidents have raised concerns about the effectiveness of safety measures and the need for stricter regulations and enforcement.
To address these issues, the South African government and maritime industry stakeholders have implemented various measures to enhance safety. This includes developing and enforcing stringent safety regulations, conducting regular inspections and audits of vessels, providing comprehensive training and certification for seafarers, and promoting a safety culture within the industry. Additionally, collaborations with international organizations and neighboring countries have been established to enhance maritime safety through information sharing, joint exercises, and coordinated responses to incidents. Improving safety in the South African maritime industry not only protects human lives and the environment but also contributes to the sustainable growth and development of the industry.
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One factor that supports an in line strategy in setting an initial price is the degree to which customers perceive the product as risky. Select one: O True O False
True. The degree to which customers perceive a product as risky can be a factor supporting an in-line pricing strategy.
In-line pricing involves setting the initial price of a product at a level that aligns with customer expectations and perceived value. If customers perceive the product as risky, setting the price in line with their expectations can help mitigate their concerns and encourage purchase. This approach recognizes that customers may be less willing to pay a premium for a product they perceive as risky and, therefore, pricing it in line with their perceived value can help establish trust and drive initial sales. However, it's important to note that pricing strategies can be influenced by various other factors as well, and a comprehensive analysis of the market, competition, and consumer behavior is necessary to determine the most appropriate pricing strategy.
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the cost of not choosing another mutually exclusive project by accepting a particular project.
The cost of not choosing another mutually exclusive project by accepting a particular project is known as the opportunity cost.
When a business or individual has multiple mutually exclusive projects or investment opportunities, choosing one option means forgoing the benefits or potential gains of the alternative options. The opportunity cost represents the value of the next best alternative that is given up in favor of the chosen project.
For example, if a company has two mutually exclusive projects, Project A and Project B, and it decides to proceed with Project A, the opportunity cost would be the potential benefits or returns that could have been obtained by selecting Project B instead. This could include revenue, cost savings, market share, or any other measurable benefits associated with Project B.
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How did Big Band Era Music build on or react against music that was popular in earlier eras?
How did the society or culture of the era influence Big Band Era Music?
What is one characteristic of Big Band Era Music
What is a second characteristic of Big Band Era Music?
What is a third characteristic of Big Band Era Music?
1. Big Band Era Music built on and reacted against music that was popular in earlier eras by incorporating elements of jazz, swing, and improvisation while also maintaining a focus on orchestration and arrangement.
2. The society and culture of the era influenced Big Band Era Music by providing a platform for large-scale live performances, dance halls, and a desire for entertainment during a time of economic recovery and social change.
3. One characteristic of Big Band Era Music is its emphasis on a large ensemble of musicians, typically consisting of brass, woodwinds, and rhythm sections, creating a rich and vibrant sound.
4. A second characteristic of Big Band Era Music is its use of improvisation, allowing soloists to showcase their skills and add individual expression within the structure of the ensemble arrangements.
5. A third characteristic of Big Band Era Music is its danceability, as the music was often composed and performed with the intention of accompanying popular social dances such as the Lindy Hop and the Jitterbug.
The Big Band Era, which spanned from the 1930s to the early 1940s, represented a significant development in popular music. It built upon the foundations of earlier jazz and swing styles while introducing larger ensembles, intricate arrangements, and a focus on entertainment and dance. The society and culture of the era, characterized by the Great Depression and a desire for escapism, played a crucial role in shaping Big Band Era Music. The availability of large venues, the popularity of social dances, and the economic recovery of the time provided a suitable environment for the rise of big bands and their music.
Big Band Era Music is characterized by its use of large ensembles with brass, woodwind, and rhythm sections, creating a powerful and energetic sound. The music also incorporated elements of improvisation, allowing individual musicians to showcase their skills and add their unique expression to the performances. Additionally, Big Band Era Music was highly danceable, serving as a backdrop for popular social dances of the time.
Big Band Era Music both built on and reacted against earlier music styles, reflecting the societal and cultural influences of the era. Its characteristics of large ensembles, improvisation, and danceability contributed to its popularity and lasting impact on the development of popular music.
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The entity reported the following information in 2020:
Cost of goods sold 500,000
Interest expense 10,000
Income tax expense 25,000
Operating expenses 190,000
Sales revenue 800,000
Instructions: Type the numerical answer 1, 2, 3. or 4 in the box after the question.
A. How much is to be reported as gross profit? Blank 1
1) 300,000
2) 110,000
3) 100,000
4) 75,000
B. How much is to be reported as net income? Blank 2
1) 300,000
2) 110,000
3) 100,000
4) 75,000
A. The gross profit to be reported is $300,000 (Answer 1). Gross profit is calculated by subtracting the cost of goods sold (COGS) from the sales revenue.
In this case, the COGS is $500,000, and the sales revenue is $800,000. Subtracting the COGS from the sales revenue gives us $800,000 - $500,000 = $300,000, which is the gross profit. Therefore, the correct answer is 1) $300,000. Gross profit represents the amount of money left after accounting for the direct costs of producing the goods sold, and it provides an indication of the profitability of the company's core operations. In this scenario, the gross profit of $300,000 suggests that the company generated a healthy profit margin from its sales.
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A project has estimated annual net cash flows of $67,600. It is estimated to cost $838,240. Determine the cash payback period. Round the answer to one decimal place. years
Cash Payback Period is used to determine how long a company will need to recover the cost of an investment or project. It's a metric that's used to evaluate the time required for a company to recoup its investment in a capital project.
The formula to calculate the cash payback period of an investment is:
Cash payback period = Initial investment / Annual cash inflow
Let's calculate the cash payback period of this investment by using the given formula;
Cash payback period = Initial investment / Annual cash inflow
Initial investment = $838,240
Annual cash inflow = $67,600
Cash payback period = $838,240 / $67,600
Cash payback period = 12.41 years Round the answer to one decimal place.
Cash payback period = 12.4 years
Therefore, it will take approximately 12.4 years for the company to recover the initial investment of $838,240.
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Manufacturing overhead was estimated to be $208,000 for the year along with 20,800 direct labor hours. Actual manufacturing overhead was $187.200, and actual direct labor hours were 19.700. To dispose of the balance in the Manufacturing Overhead account, which of the following would be correct? Multiple Choice O Cost of Goods Sold would be credited for $9,800 Cost of Goods Sold would be debited for $9.800 Cost of Goods Sold would be credited for $10.200 Cost of Goods Sold would be debited for $10,200 O
To dispose of the balance in the Manufacturing Overhead account, Cost of Goods Sold would be credited for $10,200 would be correct. In this case, the manufacturing overhead is under-applied because the actual overhead is less than the applied overhead.
Estimated manufacturing overhead = $208,000
Direct labor hours = 20,800
Actual manufacturing overhead = $187,200
Actual direct labor hours = 19,700
Formula for calculating the predetermined overhead rate = Estimated manufacturing overhead / Estimated direct labor hours = $208,000 / 20,800 = $10 per direct labor hour
Manufacturing overhead applied = Predetermined overhead rate × Actual direct labor hours= $10 × 19,700 = $197,000
Under-applied overhead = Actual manufacturing overhead - Manufacturing overhead applied= $187,200 - $197,000 = -$9,800
Since the actual overhead is less than the applied overhead, we need to credit the Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) account to balance the Manufacturing Overhead (MO) account. Therefore, the Cost of Goods Sold would be credited for $9,800.
However, the question asked us to dispose of the balance in the Manufacturing Overhead account which means we have to debit it. Therefore, the journal entry to dispose of the balance in the Manufacturing Overhead account would be:
Dr Manufacturing Overhead $9,800
Cr Cost of Goods Sold $9,800
Total manufacturing overhead = Actual manufacturing overhead - Under-applied overhead= $187,200 + $9,800= $197,000
The Cost of Goods Sold would be credited for the total manufacturing overhead for the year as follows:
Dr Manufacturing Overhead $197,000
Cr Cost of Goods Sold $197,000= $10 per direct labor hour × 19,700 direct labor hours = $197,000.
The difference between the actual manufacturing overhead and the estimated manufacturing overhead is referred to as under-applied or over-applied overhead.
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The college is taking a day bus tour so how to plan project including Resources / Staff qualification and schedule by listing key milestones with sufficient detail to demonstrate a well-thought- out plan and how to persuade the customer that the contractor has resources necessary to perform work at best.
To plan a project that includes resources/staff qualification and schedule by listing key milestones with sufficient detail to demonstrate a well-thought-out plan and how to persuade the customer.
What are the steps ?The following steps can be taken:
Step 1: Define the project scope and objective-
The first step to planning a project is to define the project scope and objectives. This will help you to determine what resources and staff qualifications you need for the project. You can then develop a schedule and list key milestones based on the project scope and objectives.Step 2: Identify the resources and staff qualification needed-
Once the scope and objectives are defined, the next step is to identify the resources and staff qualifications needed for the project. In this case, you will need a bus, a driver, a tour guide, and any other support staff that may be required.Step 3: Develop a schedule-
Once you have identified the resources and staff qualifications needed, the next step is to develop a schedule. This will include the date and time of departure, the length of the tour, and the activities that will be included in the tour. It will also include any breaks, meals, or other stops that will be made during the tour.Step 4: List key milestones with sufficient detail-
Once the schedule is developed, the next step is to list key milestones with sufficient detail. This will help you to demonstrate a well-thought-out plan. For example, you may want to list the time of departure, the time of arrival at each stop, and the time of departure from each stop.Step 5: Persuade the customer that the contractor has resources necessary to perform work at best.
Finally, to persuade the customer that the contractor has the necessary resources to perform the work at best, you will need to provide them with evidence. This can include photographs of the bus, a list of the qualifications and experience of the driver and tour guide.testimonials from other customers who have used the contractor's services.To know more on Resources visit:
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The best approach to successfully implementing an ERP system is: Multiple Choice 0 Install software throughout the organization and then switch from the old system 0 Merge with a company that already has an effective ERP system O Create ERP software that is customized for your company's supply chain 0 Pilot the program on a small scale and then transfer throughout the organization Which of these provides input to the Material Requirements Plan? (Choose all that apply) Check All That Apply Bill of Materials Lead Times Inventory Records Master Production Schedule
The best approach to successfully implementing an ERP system is to pilot the program on a small scale and then transfer throughout the organization. It is the best approach because when piloted on a small scale, the company gets to test the new system, work out any bugs, and identify any necessary modifications before a complete company-wide rollout.
This reduces the risks of costly errors and allows for a smooth transition to the new system, which would save the company a lot of time and money.An ERP system helps organizations in various ways to keep track of day-to-day business processes such as accounting, inventory, and order management. The ERP system consists of multiple modules that can be customized to fit the business's needs.The Material Requirements Plan (MRP) calculates the amount of inventory needed for production and the exact time it needs to be purchased. It is a system that uses data from various sources such as the bill of materials, lead times, inventory records, and the master production schedule to plan production activities. Thus, all of the options, Bill of Materials, Lead Times, Inventory Records, and Master Production Schedule provides input to the Material Requirements Plan.
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According to Henri Fayol, productivity and efficiency are increased when
Multiple Choice
a. managers utilize a team approach and share their command of employees.
b. managers retain sole authority to make and communicate decisions themselves.
c. workers are encouraged to switch to roles that develop their own interests.
d. workers specialize and become proficient in their assigned tasks.
According to Henri Fayol, productivity and efficiency are increased when workers specialize and become proficient in their assigned tasks.
Henri Fayol was a French mining engineer, mining executive, author and director of mines who developed a general theory of business administration that is often called Fayolism.
Henri Fayol emphasized the concept of division of labor and specialization in order to increase productivity and efficiency. He believed that when workers focus on specific tasks and become skilled and proficient in their assigned roles, it leads to higher productivity. Specialization allows workers to develop expertise, improve their efficiency, and perform their tasks more effectively. This division of labor also facilitates coordination and cooperation among workers, leading to increased overall organizational productivity.
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Boeing Company Ltd traded on the stock exchange. The following information is available. High price for the stock is $80.65 and a low of $54.48. The firm has a P/E ratio of 16.82 and has paid a dividend of $1.68 per stock. At the end of the trading period, stock price closes at $76.28. The latest change in the price of the stock for the next period has a net change of $-0.11.
1.What is the current dividend yield for Boeing Company (BA) based on the stock’s recent closing price? (1 mark)
2. Calculate the EPS for Boeing. (1 mark)
3. Based on the net change, what is the new price for the stock?
The current dividend yield for Boeing Company is 2.2%. The earnings per share (EPS) for Boeing is $4.54 and new price for the stock is $76.17.
The current dividend yield for Boeing Company (BA) based on the stock's recent closing price can be calculated as follows:
Dividend Yield = Dividend per Stock / Closing Price
Dividend Yield = $1.68 / $76.28 = 0.022
Therefore, the current dividend yield for Boeing Company is 0.022 or 2.2%.
The earnings per share (EPS) for Boeing can be calculated using the P/E ratio and the stock price. The formula to calculate EPS is:
EPS = Stock Price / P/E Ratio
EPS = $76.28 / 16.82 = $4.54
Therefore, the EPS for Boeing is $4.54.
Based on the net change of $-0.11, the new price for the stock can be calculated by subtracting the net change from the previous closing price:
New Price = Previous Closing Price + Net Change
New Price = $76.28 + (-$0.11) = $76.17
Therefore, the new price for the stock is $76.17.
The current dividend yield for Boeing Company is 2.2% based on the stock's recent closing price.
The earnings per share (EPS) for Boeing is $4.54.
The new price for the stock, based on the net change, is $76.17.
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Central States Telecom, a communication service provider in lowa, Nebraska, the Dakotas, and Montana had the following transactions related to its intangibles during the year: (Click the icon to view the transactions.) - X Requirements 1. Journalize the entries to record Central States Telecom's transactions during the year. 2. What special asset does Central States Telecom's acquisition of Sheldon Wireless identify? How should Central States Telecom account for this asset after acquiring Sheldon Wireless? Explain in detail. rd debits first, then credits. Select the explanation on the last line of note payable. Sheldon's book value of assets was $1,300,000. Shel edit Print Done Х More info Feb. 13 Apr. 1 States Telecom purchased Sheldon Wireless Enterprises cash plus a $960,000 note payable. Sheldon's book value of assets was $1,300,000. Sheldon's market value of assets and liabilities was $2,100,000 and $560,000, respectively. Paid $550,000 to acquire a patent. Central States believes the patent's useful life will be 10 years. Paid $980,000 for the trademark, "Faster than Fast," with a useful life of 20 years. Recorded amortization expense (separately) for the patent and trademark. Oct. 1 Dec. 31 O Print Done Requirement 1. Journalize the entries to record Central States Telecom's transactions during the year. (Record debits first, then credits. Select the explanation on the last line of the journal entry table.) Feb. 13: Central States Telecom purchased Sheldon Wireless Enterprises for $640,000 cash plus a $960,000 note payable. Sheldon's book value of assets was $1,300,000. Sheldon's market value of assets and liabilities was $2,100,000 and $560,000, respectively. Date Accounts and Explanation Debit Credit Feb. 13 Apr. 1: Paid $550,000 to acquire a patent. Central States believes the patent's useful life will be 10 years. Date Accounts and Explanation Debit Credit Apr. 1 Oct. 1: Paid $980,000 for the trademark, "Faster than Fast," with a useful life of 20 years. Date Accounts and Explanation Debit Credit Oct. 1 Dec. 31: Recorded amortization expense (separately) for the patent and trademark. Start by recording amortization expense for the patent. You will be asked record the amortization expense for the trademark in the next step. (Do not round interim calculations. Enter your final answer to the nearest whole dollar.) Date Accounts and Explanation Debit Credit Dec. 31 Record the amortization expense for the trademark. (Do not round interim calculations. Enter your final answer to the nearest whole dollar.) Date Accounts and Explanation Debit Credit Dec. 31 Requirement 2. What special asset does Central States Telecom's acquisition of Sheldon Wireless identify? How should Central States Telecom account for this asset after acquiring Sheldon Wireless? Explain in detail. What special asset does Central States Telecom's acquisition of Sheldon Wireless identify? The acquisition identifies the asset How should Central States Telecom account for this asset after acquiring Sheldon Wireless? Explain in detail. Central States Telecom should measure the of this asset each year. If this asset has increased in value, Central States should V. If the value of the asset has decreased, Central States should
Requirement 1: Journalize the entries to record Central States Telecom's transactions during the year.
The special asset that Central States Telecom's acquisition of Sheldon Wireless identifies is "Goodwill." Goodwill represents the excess amount paid for a business over its fair market value of net identifiable assets. In this case, Central States Telecom paid $560,000 more than the fair market value of Sheldon Wireless' assets and liabilities.
After acquiring Sheldon Wireless, Central States Telecom should account for Goodwill as an intangible asset on its balance sheet. Goodwill is not amortized but is subject to an annual impairment test. Impairment testing involves comparing the fair value of the reporting unit (which includes Goodwill) with its carrying amount. If the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, an impairment loss should be recognized.
Annually, Central States Telecom should assess if there are any indications of impairment for the Goodwill. If there are indications of impairment, a detailed impairment test should be performed. If the carrying amount of Goodwill exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss should be recognized on the income statement.
It's important to note that Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment annually. The impairment test ensures that the value of the asset is accurately represented on the company's financial statements.
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You are interested in leasing a car with maximum [payments of $319 a month for 60 months. Payments are due on the first day of each month starting with the day you sign the lease contract. If your cost of money is 4.9 percent, compounded monthly, what is the current value of the lease? Show work and discuss.
The current value of the lease is approximately $23926.33.
Given that the maximum monthly payments for the lease of the car are $319 for a period of 60 months.
Payments are due on the first day of each month starting with the day you sign the lease contract.
The cost of money is 4.9% compounded monthly.
To find the current value of the lease, we need to find the present value of the lease payments.
Here, the cash flows are monthly annuities, and we need to calculate the present value of the annuity. The formula for the present value of an annuity is:
PVA = [PMT x (1 - (1 + r)-n)] / r
Where,
PVA = Present value of the annuity
PMT = Payment per period
n = Total number of periods
r = Interest rate per period
For this question,PMT = $319
n = 60
r = 4.9/12 = 0.4083%
Therefore,
PVA = [$319 x (1 - (1 + 0.4083%)-60)] / 0.4083%
= [$319 x (1 - (1.004083)-60)] / 0.004083%
= [$319 x (1 - 0.6940)] / 0.004083%
= [$319 x 0.3060] / 0.004083%
≈ $23926.33
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A sandwich shop has identified two groups of consumers for its pulled-pork sandwiches: A and B. Group A's price elasticity of demand is -3.75 and group B's is -1.8. If there is no possibility of resale, then the shop should charge a higher price to which group?
The sandwich shop should charge a higher price to group B. To determine which group the shop should charge a higher price to, we need to consider the price elasticity of demand for each group.
Price elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of quantity demanded to changes in price.
The absolute value of the price elasticity of demand indicates the sensitivity of consumers to price changes. A higher absolute value implies greater sensitivity. In this case, group A has a price elasticity of demand of -3.75, while group B has a price elasticity of demand of -1.8.
Since the absolute value of group A's price elasticity of demand (-3.75) is higher than that of group B (-1.8), it means that group A is more price-sensitive and responsive to changes in price compared to group B.
Considering the price elasticity of demand, the sandwich shop should charge a higher price to group B. Group A's higher price elasticity indicates that they are more likely to respond negatively to price increases by reducing their quantity demanded. On the other hand, group B's lower price elasticity suggests that they are less sensitive to price changes, and therefore, the shop has more flexibility to charge a higher price to this group without significantly impacting their demand.
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The cuts at Netflix come as the company faces a raft of challenges. The streamer lost
200,000 subscribers
expects to lose 2 million more this quarter. Netflix stock declined about 35% on April
20, the biggest one day stock decline
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Transcribed image text: QUESTION FOUR [25] "The cuts at Netflix come as the company faces a raft of challenges. The streamer lost 200,000 subscribers in the first quarter for the first time in more than a decade and expects to lose 2 million more this quarter. Netflix stock declined about 35% on April 20, the biggest one day stock decline since 2004." The extract above is indicative that emphasis on employee motivation strategies is paramount under such circumstances. As an organisational developer and business couch, discuss various ways or methods through which Netflix may motivate their staff. Conduct your own desktop research to answer this question.
Netflix can provide training and development opportunities to employees to acquire new skills, increase their efficiency and effectiveness at work. This way, employees will feel valued and appreciated, which can boost their motivation levels. The cuts at Netflix come as the company faces a raft of challenges. The streamer lost 200,000 subscribers in the first quarter for the first time in more than a decade and expects to lose 2 million more this quarter. Netflix stock declined about 35% on April 20, the biggest one day stock decline since 2004. The extract above is indicative that emphasis on employee motivation strategies is paramount under such circumstances. As an organizational developer and business coach, the following are the various ways or methods through which Netflix may motivate their staff:Intrinsic motivation: This method encourages employees to be motivated by their work itself, as they will feel an inherent desire to complete tasks. Giving employees the chance to work on more challenging projects and encouraging them to take on a certain level of responsibility can help them feel more connected to their work. As a result, they may feel more fulfilled by the tasks they are completing.Extrinsic motivation: This method relies on rewards or other incentives to motivate employees. This can be a promotion, salary increase, or other bonuses for employees who meet certain performance criteria. This can be effective in encouraging employees to work harder, but it can also lead to a lack of engagement if the reward system is not well thought out. Job Security: With the current situation, employees may be worried about their job security. It is essential to reassure them of their job security as it can motivate them and give them peace of mind. Team Building and Collaboration: As employees work from home, the feeling of disconnection is inevitable. As an organizational developer, one should focus on building a strong team spirit and foster collaboration to motivate staff. Providing a sense of purpose: Netflix can ensure that their employees feel connected to the company's purpose and values. This may be achieved by providing opportunities for employees to work on meaningful projects and encourage them to give their input. Such an approach can increase employee loyalty, engagement, and motivation. This way, employees will feel valued and appreciated, which can boost their motivation levels. Learn more about Netflix here,https://brainly.com/question/31586249
Assume the government of Australia spent AUD50 billion on allowances given to Job Keeper beneficiaries. Assume that despite the family financial stress, 15% of the Job Keeper Allowances was the total beneficiary savings. Further, assume all other factors remain constant. Calculate the total effect of the Australian government Job Keeper Allowance spending on aggregate demand for the economy.
The total effect of the Australian government's Job Keeper Allowance spending on aggregate demand for the economy would be AUD42.5 billion (AUD50 billion - 15% of AUD50 billion).
Given that 15% of the Job Keeper Allowances was the total beneficiary savings, the remaining 85% is assumed to be spent, contributing to aggregate demand. Therefore, the total effect on aggregate demand would be AUD42.5 billion (85% of AUD50 billion). This spending injects money into the economy, stimulating consumption and potentially increasing demand for goods and services. By providing financial support to Job Keeper beneficiaries, the government aims to alleviate financial stress and maintain overall economic activity.
The increased spending from the beneficiaries can have a positive multiplier effect, leading to increased production, employment, and overall economic growth. However, it's important to consider other factors, such as the marginal propensity to consume, potential leakages, and the broader economic context, which can influence the actual impact on aggregate demand.
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At the beginning of the current year, CFAS Company declared a 10% share dividend. The market price of the entity’s 300,000 outstanding shares of P50 par value was P92 per share on that date.
The share dividend was distributed on July 1 when the market price was P100 per share.
What amount should be credited to share premium for the share dividend?
The amount credited to share premium for the share dividend should be P6,000,000.
In this scenario, CFAS Company declared a 10% share dividend on its 300,000 outstanding shares of P50 par value. The market price of the shares at the beginning of the year was P92 per share. To calculate the share premium for the share dividend, we need to determine the difference between the market price on the declaration date and the par value.
The difference in market price is P92 - P50 = P42 per share. Since the company distributed a 10% share dividend, it means that for every 10 shares held, shareholders received an additional share. Therefore, the number of additional shares distributed is 10% of 300,000 shares, which is 30,000 shares.
To calculate the share premium, we multiply the difference in market price by the number of additional shares: P42 × 30,000 = P1,260,000. Hence, the amount credited to share premium for the share dividend is P1,260,000.
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Karen initially charged $45 for an hour-long massage and averaged 20 clients per week. When she raised her price to $120, the number of massages still remained at 20 per week. What is the price elasticity of demand for her service? a) The revenue for Karen before the price change is [ Select) b) The Revenue after the price was increased Select) c) The price elasticity of demand is
Price elasticity of demand is a measure that shows the relationship between a product's quantity demanded and the price of the product. This measure is calculated using the following formula:price elasticity of demand = (percent change in quantity demanded) / (percent change in price)
Price elasticity of demand is a measure that shows the relationship between a product's quantity demanded and the price of the product. If a product's quantity demanded is highly responsive to the price changes, then it is known as elastic demand. But if the quantity demanded of a product is not highly responsive to the price changes, then it is known as inelastic demand. This responsiveness is measured by the price elasticity of demand.Karen initially charged $45 for an hour-long massage and averaged 20 clients per week. But after some time, she decided to increase the price of her service to $120. However, the number of massages still remained at 20 per week. So, the percent change in price = [(120 - 45) / 45] × 100 = 166.67 % (increase)and percent change in quantity demanded = [(20 - 20) / 20] × 100 = 0 %.So, the price elasticity of demand for Karen's massage service is:price elasticity of demand = (percent change in quantity demanded) / (percent change in price)= 0 / 166.67= 0.This indicates that demand for her service is inelastic. This is because, after increasing the price of her service from $45 to $120, the number of massages still remained at 20 per week. Therefore, Karen can continue to charge a high price for her service, as her customers are not highly responsive to the price changes.
So, the price elasticity of demand for Karen's massage service is 0. This indicates that demand for her service is inelastic. This is because, after increasing the price of her service from $45 to $120, the number of massages still remained at 20 per week.
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4.(Ricardian Model) In class we worked through the trade example where Home had a comparative advantage in cheese (alc /alw < alc* /alw*). The result was that world price ratio was between the autarky price ratios of the two countries. We showed for the Home country that the opening of trade resulted in the workers' real wage in terms of cheese remaining the same while the real wage in terms of wine increased. (There is no need to use diagrams to answer the questions below.) (a) With the opening of trade what will the nominal wage W* be in the Foreign country? (You will not be able to find a numerical value here.) Briefly explain. (b) What will happen with the opening of trade to the Foreign country's real wage in terms of cheese and wine? Briefly explain.
a) With the opening of trade, it is not possible to determine the nominal wage W* in the Foreign country.
The reason behind this is that it is a relative price that will change with the opening of trade. Additionally, the Ricardian model makes the assumption that there is one factor of production which is labor that is mobile between the production of wine and cheese. This means that the factor price of labor would be the same in both industries. b) With the opening of trade, the real wage in terms of wine for the workers of the Foreign country will remain the same while the real wage in terms of cheese will decrease. The decrease in the real wage in terms of cheese is due to the production of more cheese by the Home country that will lower the price of cheese in the world market.
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PRO Engineering is considering whether to purchase or lease a piece of earthmoving equipment.
Without responding
yet
The data associated with the purchase are the following
rate as
10.00
Initial cost
= $150,000
Residual value = $12,000
1 Uncheck
Maintenance cost
= $1,800/per year
Operator cost per day
= $300/day
If the equipment is rented, the operator cost is incurred, at the rate of $300 per day and $100 for the rental
team daily.
Finish try.
Determine the minimum number of days per year the equipment must be used to justify the purchase.
Use an interest rate of 7%.
The minimum number of days per year the equipment must be used to justify the purchase = 39 days per year.
PRO Engineering is considering whether to purchase or lease a piece of earthmoving equipment.
The data associated with the purchase are:
Rate as 10.00, Initial cost = $150,000
Residual value = $12,000
Maintenance cost = $1,800/per year
Operator cost per day = $300/day
If the equipment is rented, the operator cost is incurred at the rate of $300 per day and $100 for the rental team daily.
The minimum number of days per year the equipment must be used to justify the purchase is calculated as follows:
To justify the purchase of the equipment, the present value of the total cost of owning the equipment must be less than or equal to the present value of the total rental cost of the equipment over the same period.
Present value of total cost of owning the equipment:
PVOE = (Initial cost - Residual value) + (Maintenance cost / r) + (Operator cost per day x Number of days per year / r)
Where r = (1 + i)n - 1 / i, i = 7%, and n = number of years of equipment use.
Substituting the given values:
PVOE = ($150,000 - $12,000) + ($1,800 / 0.07) + ($300 x N / 0.07) = $138,000 + $25,714.29 + $4,285.71
N = $167,000 + $4,285.71NN = $167,000 / $4,285.71 = 38.92
Therefore, the equipment must be used for a minimum of 39 days per year to justify the purchase.
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Operational gearing is of interest not only to managers, but also to investors, since it may affect their investment decisions. While they may have a view on an appropriate level of operational gearing for a company based on their understanding of its business, they cannot confirm that view, since it's not possible to calculate a reliable gearing ratio from published accounts." (Steven, 2006) Required: In no more than 200 words, critically discuss the above statement.
The given statement clearly expresses the interest of operational gearing for both managers and investors, where investors' investment decisions may affect.
A company's operational gearing level is crucial as it is a measure of the company's financial health. It determines a company's operational expenses to total expenses and helps investors and managers understand the company's leverage.
The operational gearing depends upon various factors, such as a company's size, business, its industry, assets, and liabilities. Though the investors may have their perspective on a company's operational gearing level, it is difficult to rely on the published accounts to confirm their views. This is because there is no specific calculation to determine the operational gearing ratio, which makes the assessment of the same more difficult.
However, operational gearing may have a significant impact on a company's profitability and risk-taking ability, which in turn, may affect the investors' investment decisions. High operational gearing in companies can lead to significant changes in the bottom-line profit as a small change in the sales may affect the earnings significantly. Therefore, investors are keen to understand the operational gearing levels to make the right investment decisions and keep a check on the company's financial health.
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How you relate productivity of factor and productivity of total?
Productivity refers to the measure of output per unit of input, with input representing the factors of production and output representing the final products or services. There are two key measures of productivity: productivity of factor and productivity of total.
Explanation:
The productivity of factor is a measure of the output per unit of input for each factor of production, including land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship. It quantifies how efficiently each input is utilized to generate the final output. By analyzing the productivity of each factor, we can identify areas where improvements or optimizations are needed to enhance efficiency and output.
On the other hand, the productivity of total is a measure of the output per unit of all inputs combined. It assesses the overall efficiency of the production process by considering the collective contribution of all factors of production. The productivity of total reveals how effectively the inputs work together to generate the final product or service.
Both productivity of factor and productivity of total play crucial roles in evaluating and improving the production process. The productivity of factor helps pinpoint specific areas or factors that require attention and enhancement to boost efficiency. It enables businesses to focus on improving the performance of individual inputs.
Simultaneously, productivity of total provides an overview of the overall efficiency of the production process. It captures the combined impact of all factors of production and identifies the effectiveness of their coordination. By analyzing productivity of total, businesses can identify systemic issues, streamline processes, and optimize resource allocation to maximize output.
In summary, productivity of factor and productivity of total are closely related measures that assess input-output efficiency in the production process. While productivity of factor focuses on individual inputs, productivity of total evaluates the overall efficiency of the production process. Both measures are essential for identifying areas of improvement and enhancing productivity and efficiency in the production of goods and services.
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Match each audience type to the most appropriate use, example, or definition. people who visit specific or similar websites or apps use cookies to show search ads to people who have previously visited your website 1. remarketing lists 2. in-market audiences can be used to target people who have shown high purchase intent signals 3. affinity audiences 4. detailed demographics people who show search. and browsing behaviours like your customers' 5. similar audiences 6. custom (intent & affinity) photography geeks, for D 0 0 people who have previously visited your website can be used to target people who have shown high purchase intent signals people who show search and browsing behaviours like your customers' photography geeks, for example Canadian moms, for example 1. remarketing lists 2. in-market audiences. 3. affinity audiences 4. detailed demographics 5. similar audiences 6. custom (intent & affinity)
Answer:
Explanation:
Remarketing lists: people who have previously visited your website can be used to target people who have shown high purchase intent signals.
In-market audiences: people who have shown high purchase intent signals.
Affinity audiences: photography geeks, for example.
Detailed demographics: Canadian moms, for example.
Similar audiences: people who show search and browsing behaviors like your customers.
Custom (intent & affinity): photography geeks, for example.
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Transformational leadership styles and practices are used across industries, around the world. Like any other leadership style, transformational leadership also has its unique characteristics, pros, and cons.
Respond to the following in a minimum of 175 words:
Is transformational leadership beneficial in all kinds of organizations and industries? If so, why? If not, share examples of organizations or companies that you believe are incompatible with transformational leadership principles.
Does transformational leadership contribute to employee performance? Discuss whether the productivity or validity of transformational leadership is consistent or depends on followers with varied personality characteristics.
Transformational leadership can be beneficial in a wide range of organizations and industries, but its effectiveness may vary depending on the specific context and goals of the organization.
One of the key advantages of transformational leadership is its ability to inspire and motivate employees to reach their full potential. This leadership style encourages innovation, creativity, and a strong sense of purpose among employees, which can be valuable in industries that require constant adaptation and change. It fosters a positive work environment and can enhance employee engagement, satisfaction, and commitment to the organization.
However, there are certain types of organizations or industries where the principles of transformational leadership may be less compatible. For example, in highly structured and hierarchical organizations, such as military or bureaucratic institutions, transformational leadership may face challenges in implementing its collaborative and empowering approach. In these settings, where strict adherence to rules and protocols is crucial, a more directive or autocratic leadership style may be more appropriate.
The impact of transformational leadership on employee performance can be significant, but it is influenced by various factors, including follower characteristics. Some studies suggest that individuals with certain personality traits, such as high self-esteem, internal locus of control, and a desire for personal growth, may respond more positively to transformational leadership. However, it is important to note that transformational leadership can still have a positive impact on a broader range of employees by fostering a supportive and motivating work environment.
Overall, while transformational leadership can be beneficial in many organizations and industries, its effectiveness may depend on the specific organizational context and the characteristics of the followers. It is important for leaders to adapt their leadership style to the needs and dynamics of the organization to maximize its impact on employee performance and organizational outcomes.
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Developing countries have lower resource use and lower energy consumption per capita compared to developed countries. According to the IPAT formula, developing countries should be more environmentally sustainable than developed countries. But, interestingly, some ecologists think that developed countries are more environmentally sustainable. Provide a plausible reason to support these scientists' perspectives. In answering this question, please neglect the impact of population size.
One plausible reason why some ecologists believe that developed countries are more environmentally sustainable than developing countries and technological advancements.
Developed countries tend to have higher levels of technological innovation, infrastructure, and environmental regulations in place. These factors enable them to utilize resources more efficiently and adopt cleaner technologies that reduce environmental impact. They invest in renewable energy sources, implement waste management systems, and develop sustainable practices in industries such as agriculture and manufacturing. As a result, they can achieve higher levels of economic output with less resource consumption and lower emissions.
Additionally, developed countries often have higher levels of public awareness and education regarding environmental issues. This awareness leads to a greater emphasis on sustainable lifestyles, conservation practices, and the adoption of eco-friendly behaviors.
It is important to note that this perspective does not discount the overall impact of developed countries on the environment, but rather highlights the potential for greater sustainability due to their technological advancements and environmental initiatives.
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Prior to the late 1990s, the same company that generated your electricity also distributed it to you over high-voltage lines. Since then, 16 states and the District of Columbia have begun separating the generation from the distribution of electricity, allowing competition between electricity generators and between electricity distributors. a. Assume that the market for electricity distribution was and remains a natural monopoly. Use a graph to illustrate the market for electricity distribution if the government sets price equal to average total cost. b. Assume that deregulation of electricity generation creates a perfectly competitive market. Also assume that electricity generation does not exhibit the characteristics of a natural monopoly. Use a graph to illustrate the cost curves in the long-run equilibrium for an individual firm in this industry.
The graph that illustrates the two market situation (Natural Monopoly and Perfectly competitive Market) above are attached accordingly.
What is the explanation for the graphs?a. In a natural monopoly scenario, the government setting the price equal to average total cost for electricity distribution would result in a declining average total cost curve and a horizontal price line intersecting at the lowest point of average total cost.
b. In a perfectly competitive market for electricity generation without a natural monopoly, the long-run equilibrium for an individual firm occurs where the marginal cost curve intersects the demand curve, with price equal to marginal cost and average total cost at its lowest point.
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On May 31, the bank statement for the Casio Tile Company checking account showed $ 6,804.60 in the account. On the same date, Casio's Ledger account is showing, $6,781.50. The following were discovered while preparing to do the Bank Reconciliation: a) The Bank Statement shows a Debit Memo for printing more checks for Hudner, $40.00. b) On May 31, Casio made a deposit in the night deposit vault of $936.15 and the checks that Hudner has written but have not cleared the bank equal, $$15.25. c) The Bank statement is showing the collection of a Note Receivable of $2,000.00 for Casio. The Credit Memo issued by the Bank was for $2,055.00. This included the interest due on the Note. d) On May 18, Casio issued check No.1101 written for $685.00 to a vendor on account. But when Casio recorded the check, it was recorded for $658.00. e) Subtracted on the Bank Statement was a check written by company not associated with Casio in any way. The bank had Incorrectly decreased Casio's account for the $600.00 check. f) The bank statement also showed an $934.00 check which had been received and deposited by Casio from a customer "on account", but proved to be uncollectible, NSF. Prepare a) the Bank Reconciliation AND b) Journal Entries for Casio Tile Company on May 31.
Bank Reconciliation: 1. Outstanding Checks = Checks not cashed yet. 2. Add: Deposits in transit = Deposits made by the company and not yet processed by the bank.
Adjusted Bank Balance = Adding or subtracting above transactions from balance shown on Bank Statement. 4. Adjusted Book Balance = Adding or subtracting above transactions from balance shown in the ledger. 5. Compare Adjusted Bank Balance and Adjusted Book Balance. Any difference in balances is due to time lag and errors made by the company or bank. 6. Reconciled balance = Agreeing Adjusted Bank Balance and Adjusted Book Balance. On May 31 Bank Statement Balance = $6,804.60On May 31 Ledger Balance = $6,781.50 a) Bank Reconciliation: Outstanding Check: 1. $685.00 Deposits in transit: 1. $936.15 2. $15.25 Adjusted Bank Balance: $7,060.50 Adjusted Book Balance: $6,732.50 Reconciled Balance: $6,732.50 b) Journal Entries.
Outstanding check: Debit: Accounts Payable for $685.00Credit: Cash for $685.00 Deposits in transit: Debit: Cash for $951.40Credit: Accounts Receivable for $936.15Credit: Hudner for $15.25 Note Receivable: Debit: Cash for $2,055.00Credit: Notes Receivable for $2,000.00Credit: Interest Revenue for $55.00 Incorrect amount paid: Debit: Accounts Payable for $658.00Credit: Cash for $658.00 Debit: Miscellaneous Expense for $27.00Credit: Cash for $27.00 NSF Check: Debit: Accounts Receivable for $934.00Credit: Cash for $934.00The entries will be posted to the ledger. The company ledger is now reconciled to the bank statement.
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You are given the following data on national economy of a country N:
Equilibrium GDP is $ 85,000 million.
MPC is 0.6.
It is considered necessary to increase GDP by 3%.
c) If additional government spending were financed from tax increase (keeping government budget balanced), what amount of additional government spending and additional tax revenue would be needed to reach the above-mentioned increase of GDP?
The additional government spending and additional tax revenue needed to reach the desired increase in GDP would both be $1,020 million.
To calculate the additional government spending and additional tax revenue needed to achieve a 3% increase in GDP, we need to use the expenditure multiplier formula.
Expenditure Multiplier (k) = 1 / (1 - MPC)
Given that the MPC is 0.6, calculate the expenditure multiplier as follows:
k = 1 / (1 - 0.6)
k = 1 / 0.4
k = 2.5
The expenditure multiplier tells us how much total spending will change for a given change in autonomous spending (government spending in this case).
To achieve a 3% increase in GDP, we can use the following formula:
Change in GDP = Expenditure Multiplier * Change in Autonomous Spending
In this case, the change in autonomous spending will be the additional government spending financed by tax increase.
Let's assume the initial equilibrium GDP is $85,000 million. A 3% increase in GDP would be:
Change in GDP = 3% of $85,000 million
Change in GDP = 0.03 * $85,000 million
Change in GDP = $2,550 million
Since the expenditure multiplier is 2.5, we can calculate the additional government spending as:
Additional Government Spending = Change in GDP / Expenditure Multiplier
Additional Government Spending = $2,550 million / 2.5
Additional Government Spending = $1,020 million
Therefore, to achieve the 3% increase in GDP, the government would need to increase spending by $1,020 million.
Since the government wants to keep the budget balanced, the additional government spending needs to be financed through tax increases. The additional tax revenue needed would be equal to the additional government spending:
Additional Tax Revenue = Additional Government Spending
Additional Tax Revenue = $1,020 million
Hence, the additional government spending and additional tax revenue needed to reach the desired increase in GDP would both be $1,020 million.
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