write the principle involved in the manufacture of steel by open health process
Answer:
Explanation:
In the open hearth process for producing steel in a Siemens-Martin open hearth furnace, so called because the molten metal lies in a comparative shallow pool on the furnace bottom or hearth. The hearth is surrounded by a roof and walls of refractory bricks. The charge is fed through a charging door and heated to 1,600°C to 1,650°C mainly by radiation of heat from the burning of gaseous fuels above it. It is not the amount of heat but rather the high temperature heat that is essential for the purpose.
What is the value of θ for the first diffraction line (n = 1) in bcc iron (atomic radius 126 pm) when the X-ray wavelength is 58.0 pm? Hint: Consider the closest set of lattice planes.
The value of θ for the first diffraction line (n = 1) in bcc iron (atomic radius 126 pm) when the X-ray wavelength is 58.0 pm is 45°.
What is diffraction?Waves spreading outward around obstructions is known as diffraction. Sound, electromagnetic radiation like light, X-rays, even gamma rays, as well as very tiny moving particles like atoms, neutrons, even electrons that exhibit wavelike qualities all exhibit diffraction.
When a loudspeaker emits sound of different wavelengths or frequencies, the loudspeaker itself functions as an obstruction and casts a shadow to its back, diffusing just the longer bass notes there.
2dsin θ = nλ
substituting all the given values in the above equation, we get
2×d×sin θ = n×λ
2×126 ×sin θ =1× 58.0
θ = 45°
Therefore, the value of θ for the first diffraction line (n = 1) in bcc iron (atomic radius 126 pm) when the X-ray wavelength is 58.0 pm is 45°.
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Classify the figures shown below as depicting a chemical reaction, a physical change, or neither of these.
Answer:
Explanation:
A) None
B) Chemical
C) Physical
D) Chemical
E) Physical
F) None
G) Chemical
H) None
I) Chemical
Figures can be classified as depicting a chemical reaction, a physical change, or neither of these. A chemical reaction involves the formation of new substances or a change in chemical composition. A physical change involves a change in physical properties without a change in chemical composition.
Explanation:Classification of FiguresThe figures shown below can be classified as depicting a chemical reaction, a physical change, or neither of these:
Chemical Reaction: A figure showing the formation of new substances or a change in chemical composition. Examples include burning of wood, rusting of iron, and digestion of food.Physical Change: A figure showing a change in physical properties without a change in chemical composition. Examples include melting of ice, boiling of water, and tearing of paper.Neither: A figure that does not depict a chemical reaction or a physical change. Examples include figures showing static objects or processes that do not involve a change in properties.Learn more about Classifying Figures here:https://brainly.com/question/32823174
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The volume of a sample of gas is measured as 3690.5 cm³.
Convert the volume to cubic meters.
3690.5 cm³ = _____ m^3
The volume of a sample of gas in cubic meters (m³) is 3.6905 × 10-³m³
How to calculate volume?Volume is the three-dimensional measure of space that comprises a length, a width and a height.
Volume is measured in units of cubic centimeters in metric, cubic inches or cubic feet in English measurement.
The volume of a substance in cm³ (cubic centimetres) can be converted to cubic meters as follows:
1 cubic centimetre = 1 × 10-⁶ cubic metre
3690.5cm³ = 3690.5 × 1 × 10-⁶
3.6905 × 10-³m³
Therefore, 3.6905 × 10-³m³ is the volume of sample of gas in cubic meters.
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Answer the following questions using principles of chemical bonding and molecular structure. (1) Consider the carbon dioxide molecule, CO,, and the carbonate ion, CO2- (1) Draw the complete Lewis electron-dot structure for each species. (ii) Account for the fact that the carbon-oxygen bond length in CO, - is greater than the carbon-oxygen bond length in CO, (h) Consider the molecules CF, and SF, (1) Draw the complete Lewis electron-dot structure for each molecule. (11) In terms of molecular geometry, account for the fact that the CF, molecule is nonpolar, whereas the SF, molecule is polar
The fact is the carbon-oxygen bond length in CO₃²⁻ is greater than the carbon-oxygen bond length in CO₂ because of its bond order. CF4 has a tetrahedral geometry, so the bond dipoles cancel, leading to a nonpolar molecule. SF4 exhibits a trigonal bipyramidal electronic geometry, with the lone pair of electrons so SF₄ is polar.
Due to resonance, the bond character of CO₃²⁻ lies between a single and a double bond, whereas CO₂ has two double bonds (linear structure with carbon as the central atom, O=C=O). Bond length is inversely proportional to bond order, and bond order depends on the number of bonds. Therefore, CO will have triple bonds, while CO₂ will have two double bonds. Therefore, the order of bond length will be CO₃²⁻>CO₂ >CO.
Due to the tetrahedral geometry of CF₄, the bond dipoles cancel and the molecule becomes nonpolar. The core S atom is surrounded by five pairs of electrons, and SF₄ displays a trigonal bipyramidal electronic geometry.
The molecule is polar because the bond dipoles in this configuration do not cancel.
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A computer monitor has a width of 14.68
inches and a height of 11.01
inches. What is the area of the monitor display in square meters?
Answer: 161.6268 square inches
Explanation: Area of a rectangle is length (or width) times the height. So, 14.6 * 11.01 is 161.6268 square inches. Area is always in square units.
Which (if any) of the following can be determined by knowing the number of protons in a neutral element? Explain your answer. a. the number of neutrons in the neutral element b. the number of electrons in the neutral element c. the name of the element
Among the following that can be determined by knowing the number of protons in a neutral element is (b) the number of electrons in the neutral element.
The atomic number of an element is always equal to the number of protons that may be found in a neutral atom. This number is what differentiates an element from others. If we know the number of protons in a neutral atom, we can compute (b) the number of electrons in the neutral element; but, we are unable to use this information to compute the number of neutrons in the element.
We may deduce that the number of electrons in an atom must be equal to the number of protons since we already know that the number of protons in every particular atom is always the same.
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How many cm3 of 1% solution of sodium formate should be added to 100cm3 of HCl solution with C=0.05M to obtain a solution with pH=3.7
Explanation:
The exact answer to this question depends on the pH of the HCl solution and the buffer capacity of sodium formate, which can vary depending on various factors such as temperature and impurities. To determine the volume of sodium formate needed to obtain a pH of 3.7, it would be necessary to perform a titration experiment and measure the pH of the solution at various points to determine the buffer capacity of the sodium formate.
write the principle involved in the manufacture of steel by open health process
Answer:
The open-hearth furnace will use the heat of combustion of gaseous or liquid fuels to convert a charge of scrap and liquid blast-furnace iron to liquid steel. The high flame temperature required for melting is obtained by preheating the combustion air and, sometimes, the fuel gas.
Explanation:
an unknown metal M reacts with sulfur to form a compund M2S3.If 3.12g of M reacts with 2.88g of Sulfur. What is that name of M and M2S3?.
When an unknown metal M reacts with sulfur to form a compund M2S3.If 3.12g of M reacts with 2.88g of Sulfur, the name of M chromium and M2S3 will be chromium(III) sulfide.
How to explain the metalLet M = atomic weight of M
2M + 3S → M2S3
Molar ratio is 2:3
2M g of M + 3* 32.056g of S
2M/(3*32.056) g will react with 1.000 g of S
.: [2M/(3*32.056)]*2.88 g of M will react with 2.88 g of S
Given this equals 3.12 g
.: 3.12 = [2M/(3*32.056)]*2.88 = 0.05990M
M= 52.1 g; using at wt of S = 32.0 gives M = 52.0 so it is chromium At Wt = 51.996
The name is chromium(III) sulfide.
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The half life for a first-order reaction is 148 minutes. What is the rate constant of this reaction if the concentration is 1.10M after 50 minutes has elapsed?
Answer:
The rate constant for the first-order reaction can be calculated by using the equation: k = 0.693 / t1/2. In this case, the half life is 148 minutes, so the rate constant is calculated as 0.0047 per minute. This means that, after 50 minutes have elapsed, the concentration of the reaction should be 1.10M * e^(-0.0047 * 50) = 0.962M.
The Keq for the reaction below is 40 at 550.0 °C. What is the Keq for the reverse reaction?
H2(g) + I2(g) ⇌ 2HI(g)
The Keq for the reverse reaction, H[tex]_2[/tex] (g) + I[tex]_2[/tex](g) ⇌ 2HI(g) is 0.025. If this state is not disturbed by an external force, it will persist unbrokenly.
What is equilibrium?In physics, a system is said to be in equilibrium when neither it internal energy state nor its state of motion tend to vary over time. If a simple mechanical body experiences either accelerometers nor rotational acceleration, it is thought to be in equilibrium. If this state is not disturbed by an external force, it will persist unbrokenly.
H[tex]_2[/tex] (g) + I[tex]_2[/tex](g) ⇌ 2HI(g)
Keq =40
Keq for the reverse reaction
Keq =1/40
=0.025
Therefore, the Keq for the reverse reaction, H[tex]_2[/tex] (g) + I[tex]_2[/tex](g) ⇌ 2HI(g) is 0.025.
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Imagine a product favored chemical reaction happening in a living organism in which a substance D goes to E. It is known that the concentration of D remains well above zero and constant over time.
Given that the reaction is product-favored, how is the concentration of D maintained? Give two possible reasons.
How might the catalysis of the reaction maintain the concentration of D?
The concentration of substance D in a product-favored chemical reaction is maintained because the reaction is moving towards a state of lower energy, in which the concentration of E is at a maximum. There are two possible reasons for this:
The reaction has a high activation energy, meaning that the reaction requires a lot of energy to get started.
The reaction has a negative delta G, meaning that the reaction releases energy, so it moves towards completion spontaneously.
Catalysis of the reaction may maintain the concentration of D by increasing the reaction rate, allowing the reaction to reach a state of lower energy more quickly.
The catalyst works by lowering the activation energy of the reaction, making it easier for the reaction to get started. This means that the concentration of D can be maintained at a relatively constant level over time, even though the reaction is moving towards a state of lower energy.
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which of the following compound(s) would you expect to be visible on a tlc plate using uv light? (there may be more than one correct answer)
It is most useful for visualizing aromatic compounds and highly conjugated systems, as these strongly absorb UV.
About Aromatic compoundIn organic chemistry, an aromatic compound is a type of hydrocarbon compound that is cyclic, planar, has electrons in conjugated p orbitals and obeys Hückel's rule. Therefore, these compounds are often also referred to as aromatic hydrocarbons or Arenes (Arene).
Aromatic compounds are included in unsaturated cyclic compounds which have very different chemical properties from conjugated alkenes (polyenes) so that these compounds are classified as a separate class of hydrocarbons from alkenes.
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Methylation, which is the addition of-CH, groups to a larger structure, is common in certain RNA molecules. One common pattern of methylation is the double methylation of nitrogen number 2 in guanine to form N2, N2-dimethylguanine, shown below. NH Nitrogen 2 a. In a typical guanine cytosine base pair, does nitrogen number 2 typically act as a hydrogen bond donor or acceptor? b. In terms of H-bonds that are broken and formed, explain why the formation of a base pair between N2 N2-dimethyluanine and cytosine is less favorable than the formation of a typical guanine-cytosine base pair
a. Nitrogen number 2 in guanine typically acts as a hydrogen bond acceptor.
b. N2, N2-dimethylguanine (N2-meG) is less favorable in forming base pairs with cytosine than typical guanine-cytosine (G-C) base pairs because the methylation at nitrogen number 2 changes its properties, causing a decrease in the number of hydrogen bonds and stability of the base pair.
The methyl group disrupts the hydrogen bonding potential of nitrogen number 2, reducing the number of hydrogen bonds formed between N2-meG and cytosine. This leads to a decrease in the stability of the N2-meG: cytosine base pair compared to a typical G-C base pair.
Methylation is the addition of a methyl group (-CH3) to a molecule, and is a common pattern of modification in RNA molecules. One specific pattern of methylation is the double methylation of nitrogen number 2 in guanine to form N2, N2-dimethylguanine (N2-meG). In a typical guanine-cytosine (G-C) base pair, nitrogen number 2 acts as a hydrogen bond acceptor, forming two hydrogen bonds with the nitrogen atoms in the cytosine ring.
However, the formation of a base pair between N2-meG and cytosine is less favorable than the typical G-C base pair due to the effect of the added methyl groups. The methyl groups disrupt the hydrogen bonding potential of nitrogen number 2, reducing the number of hydrogen bonds that can be formed between N2-meG and cytosine. As a result, the stability of the N2-meG: cytosine base pair is lower compared to the G-C base pair.
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Please answer the following!
Question 8:
The chemical formula of Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is anhydrous. To find the number of moles of anhydrate in the sample, we need to use the molar mass of anhydrate. The molar mass of MgSO4 is 120.37 g/mol.
4.06 g of MgSO4 / 120.37 g/mol = 0.03367 moles of anhydrate
So, the sample contains 0.03367 moles of anhydrate.
When montiring stream quality, scientists use macroinvertebrates. What does their presence or absence tell us? Lesson 1.09
Question 20
It is used to indicate clean or polluted water
It is used to indicate the type of rocks found in the area
It is used to indicate how fast the stream is moving
It is used to indicate how blue the water is. Wetlands are an important part to watersheds.
Question 19
True
False Why are rain gardens helpful? Lesson 1.07
Question 18
They help bring rain to places that need water to grow plants
They help deliver fresh water to the grocery store
They are not helpful
They help reduce storm water polution and improve overall water quality Question 12 (1 point)
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This picture shows different amounts of space in between the particles of two different soil samples. Which word best describes what we are seeing?
Question 12
porosity
permeability
precipitation
the water cycle All of these are ways that humans impact the water cycle EXCEPT __________.
Question 5
irrigating crops and lawns
hiking in the woods and boating on lakes
building dams and buildings
cutting down trees and forests Match each word with the correct definiton. Lesson 1.02
Question 6 options:
rain, snow, sleet or hail that falls to the ground
water from plants evaporating
Liquid changes to a gas
cooling of water molecules, gas changes to a liquid
1.
Evaporation
2.
Condensation
3.
Precipitation
4.
Transpiration All of the water we have on Earth is all of the water Earth has EVER had.
Question 7
True
False An increase in demand for water is caused by an increase in __________.
Question 8
pollution
population
climate change
urbanization
1. macroinvertebrates is used to indicate clean or polluted water
2. They help reduce stormwater pollution and improve overall water quality
3. porosity
4. hiking in the woods and boating on lakes
5. Precipitation, Transpiration, Evaporation, Condensation
6. True
7. population
Why does the presence of macroinvertebrates affect water quality?Different types of macroinvertebrates are present in different streams and levels of pollution. Their presence or absence is used to show clean or polluted water.
Planted with grasses and perennials, rain gardens can be a beautiful way to reduce runoff from your area. Rain gardens can also help to filter out pollutants from water in runoff and also provide food and shelter for wildlife.
As our economy grows, so does the demand for domestic water-consuming appliances increases. An increase in population contributes to an increase in water use and increase demand.
So we can conclude that macroinvertebrates are used to indicate clean or polluted water.
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The energy E of the electron in a hydrogen atom can be calculated from the Bohr formula: R₂ 2 E=-- 71 In this equation R, stands for the Rydberg energy, and stands for the principal quantum number of the orbital that holds the electron. (You can find the value of the Rydberg energy using the Data button on the ALEKS toolbar.) Calculate the wavelength of the line in the emission line spectrum of hydrogen caused by the transition of the electron from an orbital with n = 11 to an orbital with n=7. Round your answer to 3 significant digits.
glitter cost about $9 for a 16 ounce container if an artist wants to fill a 2L bottle with glitter, how much will they need to spend on glitter?
An artist wants to fill a 2L bottle with glitter, $38.03 will they need to spend on glitter
Calculating the problem:First, convert the volume of the 2L bottle to ounces:
2 liters = 2 x 33.814 ounces = 67.6 ounces
So, the artist needs 67.6 / 16 ounces of glitter per container = 4.225 containers
Therefore, 4.225 containers x $9 per container = $38.03 on glitter.
How do glitters work?Plastic or metal glitters are small, shiny particles used for decoration. They are frequently utilized in fashion, cosmetics, and arts and crafts and come in a variety of colors and shapes.
Why is the ounce utilized?In the United States customary units system, the weight or volume of a substance is expressed in ounces (oz). It is frequently utilized to measure the volume of liquids like oil or water as well as the weight of food, beverages, or cooking ingredients.
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you rent a car in Germany with a gas mileage rating of 10.9 km/L. What is its rating in miles per gallon?
The mileage rating of the rent car is given 10.9 km/L. the mileage rating in miles per gallon is 25.63 mpg.
What is mileage rating ?The distance that a vehicle travels in unit volume of fuel is called its mileage rating. It depends on the performance of the vehicle such as fuel consumption, engine efficiency, feasibility of rods etc.
Mileage rate for each type of vehicles are different. Mileage is mainly expressed in miles per gallon. Gallon is a unit of volume of fluids.
1 km/L = 2.352 miles per gallon.
Hence, 10.9 km/L is converted to mpg as follows:
10.9 km/L = 10.9 km/L × 2.352 mpg/ 1 km/L = 25.6 mpg
Therefore, the mileage rating of the car is 25.6 miles per gallon.
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What is the equation for alum and ammonia
Answer:
Chemical formula: (NH4)A(SO4)2
Explanation:
both gases and liquids are considered to be fluids that have individual molecules that move around with kinetic and potential energy. kinetic energy, defined as the energy related to motion, takes three forms: translational energy that occurs as a molecule moves from position a to position b, rotational energy that occurs as a molecule spins around an imaginary axis at its center of mass, and vibrational energy that occurs as individual atoms in a molecular bond move towards and away from each other. usually, molecules possess varying combinations of kinetic energy forms. in contrast, potential energy is defined as stored energy that could be released to become kinetic energy. the total energy of a molecule is fixed, meaning that a molecule has some combination of kinetic and potential energies. varying amount of kinetic and potential energies define how molecules in a fluid interact with each other. for example, when the kinetic energy of a molecule is high (greater than 1000j), it can no longer interact with neighboring molecules strongly enough to remain a liquid. however, if the potential energies are too high (greater than 1000 j), molecules cannot escape a liquid to become a gas. if the kinetic energy is high and the potential energy is low, molecules tend to become a gas and can be modeled by an equation known as the ideal gas law: pv
The General Gas Equation, sometimes referred to as the Ideal Gas Law, is a mathematical formula that describes how ideal gases behave. PV = nRT
where P is the gas's pressure, V is its volume, n is the number of moles, R is its gas constant, and T is its temperature. According to this equation, the volume and pressure for a given amount of gas at a particular temperature are equal to the number of moles of the gas times the gas constant times the temperature. This equation can be used to forecast how ideal gases will behave in certain circumstances. For instance, it can be used to figure out the volume of a gas at a specific pressure and temperature, the amount of pressure required to compress a specific amount of gas, or the density of a gas at a specific temperature.
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4. Use the balanced chemical equation from the last question to solve this situation: You combine 0.5 moles of Na2CO3 with enough CaCl2 that your compound reacts completely. How many moles of NaCl would you expect this reaction to produce? Show all work below.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between Na2CO3 (sodium carbonate) and CaCl2 (calcium chloride) is:
Na2CO3 (sodium carbonate) + CaCl2 (calcium chloride) -> 2NaCl (sodium chloride) + CaCO3 (calcium carbonate)
Given that you have 0.5 moles of Na2CO3, you need 0.5 moles of CaCl2 for the reaction to go to completion.
The number of moles of NaCl produced in the reaction can be calculated by multiplying the number of moles of Na2CO3 by the coefficient in front of NaCl in the balanced equation:
2NaCl/1Na2CO3 * 0.5 moles Na2CO3 = 1 mole NaCl
Therefore, the reaction between 0.5 moles of Na2CO3 and enough CaCl2 to react completely would produce 1 mole of NaCl.
Ni^2+ (NH3)m BrnpH2O where m, n, and p represent the coefficients in the formula. An analysis of the salt can be obtained if a sample is dissolved by an acid-base reaction in excess acid and then the excess is titrated with NaOH. That is, excess HCI+OH-H20 A 0.185-g sample of the nickel salt was dissolved in 30.00 mL of 0.1013 N HCI. The excess HCl required 6.30 mL of 0.1262 N NaOH to reach the end point. Calculate the weight of the salt that contains one mole of NH3 (that is the equivalent weight of the salt)
Salt equivalent weight = (0.185 g) / (Moles of salt)
The results from the acid-base titration may be used to compute the equivalent weight of the nickel salt.
To begin, determine the number of moles of HCl utilized in the reaction:
HCl moles = 0.1013 N * (0.0630 L) = 0.006426 moles
Next, compute the moles of OH- ions that interacted with the HCl:
OH- moles = 0.006426 moles
We now understand how one mole of OH- interacts with one mole of H+. As a result, the number of moles of H+ in the reaction equals the number of moles of OH-.
Finally, the moles of nickel salt present in the sample may be estimated as follows:
(Moles of H+) / (n + p) = Moles of salt
By dividing the mass of the salt sample by the number of moles of salt, the equivalent weight of the salt (mass of salt containing one mole of NH3) may be calculated:
Salt equivalent weight = (0.185 g) / (Moles of salt)
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the acidity of a compound is influenced by the electronegativity of the element bonded to h. this effect is more important when comparing elements in the same period than in the same group. for similar acids of general formula ha, electronegativity of a ______ across a period and acidity therefore ______.
The electronegativity of an element affects the acidity of a compound. This effect is more important when comparing elements in the same period than in the same group.
The acidity and the element's long-term electronegativity differ for similar acids with the general formula HA. How drawn an atom is to the bonding electrons in molecules as opposed to other atoms is referred to as its "electronegativity."
The electronegativity values were created by American chemist Linus Pauling and range from a little under one for alkali metals to a maximum of four for fluorine. Large electronegativity levels display a stronger attraction for electrons when compared to smaller values.
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Fill in the blank.
A ____ property of water is that it is unreactive with oil.
Select one:
O a. Experiment
O b. Chemical
O c. Burning
O d. Liquid
A chemical property of water is that is unreactive with oil .
Perform each conversion from one metric unit of volume to another.
8.23mL=
0.0647cL=
Answer:
0.00823 L and 0.000647 L
Explanation:
Use standard metric conversions
1 cL = 0.01 Liters
1 mL = 0.001 Liters
THE ELEMENT MERCURY HAS A DENSITY OF 13.6 g/cu.cm. HOW MUCH DOES A CUBIC
FOOT OF IT WEIGH.
Mercury weighs 13.6gmL-1, which is its density, The approximate diameter of an atom of mercury is given by the formula a is 2.900410xcm.
What's the mass of a cubic foot of mercury?There are 844.90 pounds in a cubic foot of mercury. One cubic foot contains how many pounds of mercury is,the correct response is that, for the same mercury type, a change of 1 cu ft - ft3 (cubic foot) unit equals = to 844.90 lb (pound).
Mercury weighs 13.6gmL-1, which is its density. Assuming that each atom occupies a cube with edges that are the same diameter as the mercury atom, the approximate diameter of an atom of mercury is given by the formula a=2.900410xcm.
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Which of the following compounds would be expected to form intermolecular hydrogen bonds in the liquid state? (a) CH3OCH3 (dimethyl ether), (b) CH4, (c) HF, (d) CH3CO2H (acetic acid), (e) Br2, (f) CH3OH (methanol)
Thus, the compounds among the given options which are expected to show intermolecular hydrogen bonding are:
(c) Hydrogen fluoride-HF
(d) Acetic acid
(f) Methanol
The correct answer will be option(c), (d) and (f).
Intermolecular forces is defined as the force which acts between molecules. The examples of intermolecular forces include the London dispersion force, dipole-dipole interaction, ion-dipole interaction, and Van der Waals forces. The compounds among the given options which are expected to show intermolecular hydrogen bonding are hydrogen fluoride, acetic acid and methanol.
The types of intermolecular forces present in the given compounds are,
Acetone
Acetone, a ketone, does not possess hydrogen attached to the electronegative oxygen atom and is not expected to show intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
Methane
Methane does not produce any intermolecular hydrogen bonds due to the inefficiency of conditions allowed for hydrogen bonding.
Hydrogen fluoride
The compound shows intermolecular hydrogen bonding due to the attachment of hydrogen to electronegative fluorine.
Acetic acid
The hydroxyl hydrogen in acetic acid is capable of forming hydrogen bonds.
Bromine
The molecular bromine cannot create hydrogen bonding due to the lack of electrons after the covalent bonding.
Methanol
The methanolic hydrogen is capable of forming intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
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1. How many GRAMS of iron(II) hydroxide are present in 4.50 moles of this compound ?
2. How many MOLES of iron(II) hydroxide are present in 1.97 grams of this compound ?
(for a little extra help pls ;-; ik its 2 questions but im struggling with chem)
