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Answer:

b.2

Explanation:

Answer:

Mole fraction of water(H₂O) is 0.5 and the mole fraction of CH₃OH(Methanol) is 0.5.

Explanation:

Greetings !

The molecular weight of CH₃OH(Methanol)=32g/mol

The number of moles of CH₃OH=

[tex] \frac{128g}{32g/mol} [/tex]

=4moles

The molecular weight of water H₂O =18g/mol

The number of moles of=

[tex] \frac{72g}{18g/mol} [/tex]

=4moles

Total number of moles in the solution =4mol + 4mol

=8mol

Mole fraction Methanol CH₃OH=

[tex] \frac{4mol}{8mol} [/tex]

=0.5mol

Hope it helps!

Answer:

44.1 L

Explanation:

Since volume is being held constant, we can use the following variation of the Ideal Gas Law to find the new pressure.

[tex]\frac{P_1}{T_1N_1}=\frac{P_2}{T_2N_2}[/tex]

In the equation, "P₁", "T₁", and "N₁" represent the initial pressure, temperature, and moles. "P₂", "T₂", and "N₂" represent the final pressure, temperature, and moles. Your answer should have 3 sig figs to match the sig figs of the given values.

P₁ = 234 atm                                 P₂ = 68.0 atm

T₁ = 295 K                                     T₂ = 280 K

N₁ = 144 moles                              N₂ = ? moles

[tex]\frac{P_1}{T_1N_1}=\frac{P_2}{T_2N_2}[/tex]                                              <----- Equation

[tex]\frac{234 atm}{(295 K)(144 moles)}=\frac{68.0 atm}{(280 K)N_2}[/tex]                        <----- Insert values

[tex]\frac{234 atm}{42480}=\frac{68.0 atm}{(280 K)N_2}[/tex]                                      <----- Multiply 295 and 144

[tex]0.00551=\frac{68.0 atm}{(280 K)N_2}[/tex]                                    <----- Simplify left side

[tex]1.54=\frac{68.0 atm}{N_2}[/tex]                                            <----- Multiply both sides by 280

[tex](1.54)N_2={68.0 atm}[/tex]                                   <----- Multiply both sides by N₂

[tex]N_2 = 44.1L[/tex]                                                <----- Divide both sides by 1.54

There will be approximately 49.7 moles of air in the tank at the end of the dive.

The Ideal Gas Law, which asserts the following, can be used to solve this problem:

PV = nRT

Where:

P = pressure

V = volume

n = moles of gas

R = ideal gas constant

T = temperature

Let us first use the given data to obtain the initial amount of moles of air in the tank:

[tex]P_1[/tex]= 234 atm

V = 15.0 L

[tex]T_1[/tex] = 295 K, and

R = 0.0821 L/(Kmol) atm.

Using the ideal gas law equation, we can solve for [tex]n_1[/tex]:

[tex]n_1 = (P_1 * V) / (R * T_1)[/tex]

= (234 atm * 15.0 L) / (0.0821 L·atm/(K·mol) * 295 K)

≈ 189.6 moles

Using the new pressure and temperature, we can determine the exact amount of air in the tank:

P2=68.0 atm and T2=280 K

We can determine [tex]n_2[/tex] by applying the same formula:

[tex]n_2 = (P_2 * V) / (R * T_2)[/tex]

= (68.0 atm * 15.0 L) / (0.0821 L·atm/(K·mol) * 280 K)

≈ 49.7 moles

As a result, there will be approximately 49.7 moles of air in the tank at the end of the dive.

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Answer:

21.92 gm

Explanation:

A 1.5 M  solution would have 1.5 * 58.44 = 87.66 gm per liter

   you only need 1/4 of this (250 ml)    =  21.92 gm

Double bonds found in unsaturated fats form structures that stop tightly bound formations.

The arrangement of the phospholipids in the bilayer cell membrane depends on features of the phospholipid head and tails.

Unsaturated fatty acids have at least one double bond in the fatty acid chain while saturated fatty acids have no double bonds between the individual carbon atoms. Unsaturated fats are typically liquid and come from plant sources, whereas saturated fats are typically solid at room temperature

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The process in the nitrogen cycle converts nitrogen into its most polluting form will be "nitrification".

The biological process of nitrification turns ammonia into nitrite and nitrite into nitrate. The technique of denitrification, which turns nitrate into nitrogen gas, is such treatment option if requirements demand that the resultant nitrate be eliminated.

A surplus of nitrogen compounds could result in pollutants like ammonia and ozone that can affect plant growth, visibility, and human capacity to breathe. Excess nitrogen from the atmosphere that returns to earth could be damaging to the health of forests, soils, including streams.

Therefore, the process in the nitrogen cycle converts nitrogen into its most polluting form will be "nitrification".

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The coefficient that should be placed in front of O₂ to balance the oxygen atoms is 2.

The balanced chemical equation is the equation  in which the number of atoms on the reactant side is equal to the number of atoms on the product side in an equation.

The given equation is

CH₃COOH (l) + O₂ → 2CO₂ (g) + 2H₂O(l).

Reactant Side               Product Side

C = 2                               C = 2

H = 4                               H = 4

O = 4                               O = 6

The number of atoms of O in the reactant side is 4 and the number of atoms of O in the product side is 6. So multiply by 2 to balance the oxygen atoms.

CH₃COOH (l) + 2O₂ → 2CO₂ (g) + 2H₂O(l).

Reactant Side               Product Side

C = 2                               C = 2

H = 4                               H = 4

O = 6                               O = 6

Now the given equation is balanced the number of atoms in reactant side is equal to the number of atoms in the product side.

Thus from the above conclusion we can say that The coefficient that should be placed in front of O₂ to balance the oxygen atoms is 2.

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An atom which an electron moves from the first to the third shell atom absorbs more energy.

An atoms may occupy different energy states . The energy states are discrete , that means they occur at specific values only. Therefore an atom can only move to a new energy level if it absorbs or emits an amount of energy that exactly corresponds to the difference between two energy levels.

The lowest possible energy levels that the atom can occupy is called ground state.The energy levels which is higher to the ground state is called excited state.

The more energy absorb when electron move from first to third because in this second energy level have to pass to reach at third energy level.

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Answer:

a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change

a catalyst is a substance that increases the speed of reaction by lowering the activation energy or providing an alternative pathway of a lower activation energy(more likely for enzymes in bio).

it also doesnt take part in the reaction but in chemistry, there are homologous and homogenous catalysts where some may take part in the rxn BUT they are regenerated and are not used up

chem: more particles will have the energy to overcome the activation energy, resulting in a higher frequency of effective collision, so the rate of rxn ↑. (usually catalyst is transition metal)

bio: enzyme-substrate complex, where it is essentially what happens in the chemistry part above but the conclusion is that it takes lesser time for nutrients to be broken down and therefore digested.

There are 61.06 grams of of sodium chloride in its aqueous solution.

An aqueous solution is the one in which solvent is always water. Water is the most used universal solvent.

According to the question,

Volume of water = 550 ml = 0.55 L

Molarity of solution = 1.90 M

Formula for molarity = moles of solute / volume of solvent

1.90 =  moles of solute / 0.55 L

Moles of solute = 1.90 × 0.55 L = 1.045 moles

Now, moles = mass / molar mass

molar mass of NaCl = 58.44 g/mol

Therefore, 1.045 = mass / 58.55 g/mol

Hence, mass in grams = 1.045 × 58.44 g/mol

Mass = 61.07 grams

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The correct answer is nitrates.

The chemical formula for nitrate is [tex]NO_{3}[/tex]. Nitrate is a polyatomic ion. Nitrates are the name for salts that contain this ion. Common nitrate ingredients in explosives and fertilizers. Water is a solvent for almost all inorganic nitrates. Bismuth oxynitrate is one type of insoluble nitrate. Tests of endurance exercise performance show that dietary nitrate supplementation is effective. When young, healthy people consume significant amounts of nitrate, whether in the form of pure sodium nitrate or beet juice, their plasma nitrate concentration is quickly increased by a factor of 2 to 3, and this elevated nitrate concentration can be sustained for at least two weeks. Nitric oxide, or NO, is produced in response to elevated plasma nitrate.

Metal nitrates other than the alkali elements on heating decompose into the corresponding metal __ along with the evolution of nitrogen peroxide and oxygen.

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It is Cobalt(II)chloride dihydrate. The value of x is 2.

First, we have to determine the mass of H₂O that was evaporated upon heating which will be = 2.00g - 1.56 g

                                 = 0.435 g

So,

CoCl₂ + x.H₂O → CoCl₂.xH₂O

Molecular mass of CoCl₂ = 129.839 g/mol

Molecular mass of H₂O = 18 g/mol

Weight of sample after heating = 1.565 g

Weight of H₂O evaporated = 0.435 g

Hence,

           [tex]18x = \frac{129.839X0.435}{1.565} \\x = \frac{55.48}{28.17} \\x = 1.9[/tex]

           x ≈ 2

So, it is Cobalt(II)chloride dihydrate.

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Natalie is observing electron cloud model of an atom.

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Tert-butyl alcohol's 13C-NMR spectrum will only display two signals.

(I) Signal at about 31 ppm: This signal is for the more shielded and electron-rich carbon atoms and is upfield. The height of the peak on the y-axis indicates the relative quantity of carbon atoms to other peaks. Since it is three times as tall as the second signal in this instance, it is clear that this peak represents three carbon atoms.

(ii) Signal at about 70 ppm: This signal is directed downfield and pertains to the carbon atom, which is more exposed and has an environment poor in electrons. The height of these peaks is only one carbon higher than the second signal. Furthermore, the exposed environment demonstrates this carbon.

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Epimerization and Enediol rearrangement are the two most common unwanted side reactions which can occur when monosaccharides are treated with base.

Epimerization is a process in stereochemistry in which there is a change in the configuration of only one chiral centre. As a result, a diastereomer is formed. The classical example of this in medicine is tetracycline. In acidic conditions around pH 4, tetracycline readily undergoes epimerization at position 4, and an inactive 4-epitetracycline is produced, which on dehydration forms 4-epianhydrotetracycyline, a highly toxic product. This toxic compound can also be formed from acid catalysed (at lower pH) dehydration of tetracycline via anhydrotetracycline.

Enediol rearrangement is a  transformation which occurs at basic medium and allows the conversion of epimers, defined as isomeric forms that differ in the position of the hydroxyl group at C-2. In this way it is possible to transform through the enediol intermediate glucose to mannose and vice versa.

Another important isomerization process through the enediol rearrangement is the interconversion of glucose and fructose. Thus, the enolization proceeds by migration of proton at position 2, to carbon at 1.

Monosaccharides contain both alcohol and carbonyl functional groups. This allows monosaccharides to undergo many of the reactions typical for these functional groups. In particular, alcohols can be converted to esters, converted to ethers, converted to acetals, or oxidized. Carbonyls can be reacted with nucleophiles, be reduced to form alcohols, or be oxidized to form carboxylic acids.

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An aerosol mixture of particulates and sulfur compounds form a grayish-colored substance that is called industrial smog.

Airborne particulate matter (PM) is a composite of several chemical species rather than a single contaminant. It consists of a complex mixture of solids and aerosols, including dry solid particles, liquid-coated solid cores, and minute liquid droplets. Particles can contain inorganic ions, metallic compounds, elemental carbon, organic compounds, and chemicals from the earth's crust. They can vary greatly in size, shape, and chemical makeup. For the goal of regulating air quality, the particle diameter is used.

Those that have a diameter of 10 microns or below (PM10) are inhalable and can have a negative impact on health. Particles with a diameter of 2.5 microns or less are considered to be fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Consequently, a percentage of PM10 is made up of PM2.5.

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[2.8.2] - exists the electron configuration of a potassium ion when it contains created an ionic bond with a bromine ion.

What is electron configuration simple definition?

electronic configuration, also called electronic structure or electron configuration, the arrangement of electrons in orbitals around an atomic nucleus.

What are the 4 types of electron configuration?

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The lipids are mostly made up of non-polar molecule type .

So , first option is correct one.

Lipids contains same elements as the carbohydrates like carbon , hydrogen , and oxygen ( C , H and O) . However lipids are mainly made up of hydrocarbon chain  ( or  rings ) and contain few polar hydroxyl groups ( -OH ) . This makes the most lipids non - polar hydrobhobic molecules and hey are not dissolve well in water. The lipids are mainly made up of glycerol and fatty acids .

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solution of potassium chlorate,

K

C

I

O

3

, has 20 grams of the salt dissolved in 100 grams of water at 70 C. Approximately how many more grams of the salt can be added to the solution before reaching the saturation point?

1. I think r0b a bank would be such a rush. Imagine r0b a bank, driving a souped up getaway vehicle, and then successfully escaping with loads of cash...., that would be such an adrenaline rush.

2. Nationwide animal release. Just ninja into pounds and shelters and set them all free. It'd get to the point that they'd have to get armed guards. Soon wild packs of pugs and Chihuahuas roam freely claiming their territory against man.

3. Putting glitter bombs in mailboxes. Not sending but personally taping it in there so it goes off when opened.

An oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction is a type of chemical reaction that involves a transfer of electrons between two species.In oxidation loss of electrons takes place and in reduction gain of electrons is takes place whereas nuetralization reaction is a reaction in which an acid and a base react to form water and a salt and involves the combination of [tex]H^{+}[/tex] (proton) and [tex]OH^{-}[/tex] to generate water.

The neutralization reaction is not a redox reaction is because in nuetralization reaction there is no transfer of electron takes place where as in redox reaction there is no exchange of electrons between atoms. Moat bond forming and breaking redox reaction requires the concomitant transfer of protons.

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Reduction is the general term for the process in which a chemical species gains electrons

The number of electrons attached to an atom or group of atoms increases during a reduction, a type of chemical reaction. One material is provided with electrons by another, which is oxidized as a result of the reduction.

One of the atoms participating in the chemical interaction between two chemicals gains electrons during reduction, which is a type of chemical reaction. The term refers to the element that receives electrons since the element that gains electrons have a lower oxidation state. A chemical species lowers its oxidation number during a half-reaction known as reduction, typically by acquiring electrons.

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0.56 V  is the standard potential, e∘cell∘, for this galvanic cell.

The standard reduction potential can be calculated by subtracting the standard reduction potential for the reaction occurring at the cathode from the standard reduction potential for the reaction occurring at the anode. The minus sign is necessary because oxidation is the polar opposite of reduction. The total cell potential can be calculated using the formula E0cell=E0red+E0oxid. Step two is to find a solution. Before the two reactions may be integrated, the number of electrons gained in the reduction must match the number of electrons lost in the oxidation

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#4204.

The standard potential for the given galvanic cell is 0.477 V

The electrode potential is the electromotive force of a galvanic cell built using a standard reference electrode and another electrode whose potential is to be found.

There are two types of electrode potential

Oxidation potential - The potential associated with oxidation reaction is known as oxidation potential

Reduction potential - The potential associated with reduction reaction is known as reduction potential

At the anode, oxidation occurs

[tex]Sn(s)\rightarrow Sn^{2+}(aq)+2e^-[/tex]

At the cathode, reduction occurs

[tex]Cu^{2+}(aq)+2e^-\rightarrow Cu(s)[/tex]

[tex]E^o_{cell} =E^o_{cathode} -E^o_{anode}[/tex]

        = 0.337 - (-0.140)

        = 0.477 V

Thus, The standard potential for the given galvanic cell is 0.477 V

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Disclaimer: The question was given incomplete on the portal. Here is the complete question

Question: What is the standard potential, E∘cell, for this galvanic cell? Use the given standard reduction potentials in your calculation as appropriate.

[tex]Sn^{2+}(aq)+2e^-\rightarrow Sn(s)[/tex], E°red=−0.140 V

[tex]Cu^{2+}(aq)+2e^-\rightarrow Cu(s)[/tex], E°red=+0.337 V

When a 0. 1 m aqueous solution of hydrocyanic acid, HCN, reaches equilibrium, the ka for hydrocyanic acid is  3.969 x 10⁻¹⁰.

It's the value of equilibrium constant for the dissociation of ions into a solution. The more the Ka value the more will be dissociation.

Ka = [H₃O⁺]² / [HCN] [H₃O⁺]

The pH is 5.20

-log [H₃O⁺] = 5.20

Putting antitlog both side.

The value will be 6.30 x 10⁻⁶

Ka = (6.30 x 10⁻⁶)²  / 0.1 - 6.30 x 10⁻⁶

0.1 - 6.30 x 10⁻⁶ = 0.1

Ka = 3.969 x 10⁻¹⁰

Thus, the Ka value for hydrocyanic acid is 3.969 x 10⁻¹⁰.

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Agar is used to assist establish an anaerobic environment that promotes nitrate reduction.

Nitrate Reduction test:

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The correct answer choice which is the most common use of polyvinyl chloride is: plastic pipes. Option C

Below are some other uses of polyvinyl chloride:

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) is polymer which is used in various applications including widespread use in building, transport, packaging, electrical and healthcare applications.

So therefore, the most common use of polyvinyl chloride is in the making of plastic pipes

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Answer:

CrO₂ --------------------> Cr⁴⁺ and O²⁻

VCO₃ -------------------> V²⁺ and CO₃²⁻

Cr₂(SO₄)₃ -------------> Cr³⁺ and SO₄²⁻

(NH₄)₂S ----------------> NH₄⁺ and S²⁻

Explanation:

Within ionic compounds, the cation is listed first, followed by the anion. Some of the ions are polyatomic, meaning they are covalently bonded to other elements. Polyatomic ions always have a specific charge.

All of these ionic compounds have an overall charge of 0. As such, the charges of the cations and anions must balance out. In order to do so, there are some compounds which have more than one atom of each ion.

2.) CrO₂

------> Oxygen (O) always forms the anion, O²⁻.

------> Therefore, if there are 2 oxygen anions, the chromium (Cr) must have the cationic form of Cr⁴⁺.

------> +4 + (-2) + (-2) = 0

3.) VCO₃

------> Carbonate (CO₃), a polyatomic ion, always has the state CO₃²⁻.

------> If there is only one atom of each ion, the charges must perfectly balance, making vanadium (V) be the cation V²⁺.

------> +2 + (-2) = 0

4.) Cr₂(SO₄)₃

------> Sulfate (SO₄), a polyatomic ion, always has the state SO₄²⁻.

-------> The only way the charges could balance out is if the chromium (Cr) is in the cationic form Cr³⁺.

------> +3 + 3 + (-2) + (-2) + (-2) = 0

5.) (NH₄)₂S

------> Ammonium (NH₄), a polyatomic ion, always has the state NH₄⁺.

------> Sulfur (S) always forms the anion S²⁻.

------> +1 + 1 + (-2) = 0

Answer:

pH of 4

Explanation:

Upon comparing a solution with a pH value of 4 and that having a pH of 7, you will realize that it has a pH difference of 3 although the concentration of ions of hydrogen having a pH of 7 is 1000 times greater than being at a pH of 4.

The statement is False.

No, whole cloves are not broken up to help release the eugenol during distillation.

Steam distillation:

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There are one antibonding molecular orbitals present in molecular orbital model of c.

The cyclobutadiene has a pi system comprised of four  individual atomic p - orbital and thus should have a four pi   molecular orbitals. The compound is the prototypical antiaromatic hydrocarbon with 4 [tex]\pi[/tex] - electrons .  Its rectangular structure is the result of jahn teller reaction which disorder the molecule and lowers its symmetry , converting the triplet to a singlet ground state. It is a small annulene . The  delocalisation energy of the  [tex]\pi[/tex]   electrons of the cyclobutene is predicted to be zero .

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There will be 5.625 atm pressure of the gas at 250 K when a gas at  constant volume has a pressure of 4. 50 atm at 200 K

According to gas law at constant volume the pressure of a given gas is directly proportional to the kelvin  temperature .

[tex]P_{1} =T_{1}[/tex]               (i)

[tex]P_{2} = T_{2}[/tex]              (ii)

Where P and T is the pressure and temperature

Divide equation ( i )  by equation ( ii ) we get

[tex]P_{1}/P_{2}[/tex] = [tex]T_{1}/T_{2}[/tex]

Now putting the value of all given data in above final equation then we get.

4. 50 atm/[tex]P_{2}[/tex] = 200K/250K

[tex]P_{2}[/tex] = 4. 50 atm × 250K/ 200K = 5.625 atm

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