Answers
Significant characteristics of bacteria are : single celled, very common.. found just about everywhere, prokaryotic(no nucleus), some are helpful, some are harmful.
What are the characteristics of bacteria?Characteristics of bacteria include: unicellular, prokaryotic, microscopic, lacking nucleus, and having plasma membrane.
Not all bacteria are harmful. Some bacteria that live in the body are helpful. For example, Lactobacillus acidophilus is a harmless bacterium that resides in our intestines and helps you digest food, destroys disease-causing organisms and provide nutrients.
Prokaryotes, which includes bacteria and archaea, are found almost everywhere, that is, in every ecosystem, on every surface of our homes, and inside bodies.
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Related Questions
Describe the concepts of genetic drift and gene flow. (Do not
use definitions in your answer.)
Answers
Genetic drift and gene flow are two important concepts in the field of genetics and evolutionary biology.
Genetic drift is the random fluctuation of allele frequencies within a population. This can occur due to chance events, such as the death of individuals carrying a particular allele, or the migration of individuals into or out of a population. Genetic drift can lead to the loss of genetic variation within a population, and can also result in the fixation of certain alleles, meaning that they become the only version of a gene present in a population.
Gene flow, on the other hand, is the movement of alleles between populations. This can occur through the migration of individuals, or through the exchange of genetic material between populations. Gene flow can introduce new genetic variation into a population, and can also prevent the divergence of populations into separate species.
Both genetic drift and gene flow are important factors in the evolution of populations, and can have significant effects on the genetic makeup of a population over time. Understanding these concepts is important for understanding the process of evolution and the diversity of life on Earth.
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Methyl-mercury is an example of a(n) _____.
pesticide
fossil fuel
anesthetic
antibiotic
Answers
Is the ans
How
would you draw a polyglutamine peptide and a polyalanine peptide?
please explain the approach. draw separate please.
Answers
To draw a polyglutamine peptide and a polyalanine peptide, you can follow these steps know the structure of the amino acids, draw a peptide bond, draw a polyglutamine peptide, draw a polyalanine peptide, and give label the amino and carboxyl ends of the peptides.
The following are the instruction to draw a polyglutamine peptide and a polyalanine peptide. First, you need to know the structure of the amino acids glutamine and alanine. Glutamine has the structure H2N-CH(CO2H)-CH2-CH2-CONH2 and alanine has the structure H2N-CH(CH3)-CO2H. Next, you need to know how to draw a peptide bond. A peptide bond is formed when the carboxyl group (-CO2H) of one amino acid reacts with the amino group (-NH2) of another amino acid, releasing a molecule of water (H2O) and forming a bond between the carbon and nitrogen atoms.
To draw a polyglutamine peptide, you need to draw multiple glutamine amino acids and connect them with peptide bonds. For example, to draw a tripeptide of glutamine, you would draw three glutamine amino acids and connect them with two peptide bonds. Similarly, to draw a polyalanine peptide, you need to draw multiple alanine amino acids and connect them with peptide bonds. Make sure to label the amino and carboxyl ends of the peptides, as well as any side chains.
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A power lifter is working on their aerobic capacity. They don't want to do long aerobic sessions, so they've been doing sprint interval training. They are performing sprints along level ground at maximal effort/speed. They can only sprint for about30−90seconds at this intensity (more time at first then less as they do repeated sprints) before they must stop and recover. 1. This effort (taking 30-90sec.) is predominantly anaerobic. What would the primary energy substrate (NOT SYSTEM) for this activity be, and from what source will it be derived (what storage)? 2. After that first (single) sprint, would muscle glycogen be completely/mostly depleted (why or why not)? 3. As the power lifter continues performing repeated sprints with little rest between, what will happen to their blood lactate concentrations, AND how does this impact (interact) with the hormonal regulation/mobilization of energy substrates? 4. In the initial 5-10 seconds of each sprint, what is the energy source (SYSTEM) that the athlete can use to quickly generate ATP? Can this system/source be used for subsequent sprints (ie, sprint \#2, \#3, etc..), why or why not?
Answers
1. The primary energy substrate for the predominantly anaerobic sprint interval training would be phosphocreatine (PCr), which is stored in the muscles.
2. Muscle glycogen would not be completely/mostly depleted after the first single sprint because the duration of the sprint is relatively short.
3. Blood lactate concentrations will gradually increase and can stimulate the release of growth hormone, which in turn mobilizes stored fat as an energy substrate to fuel subsequent sprints.
4. In the initial 5-10 seconds of each sprint, the energy source (system) that the athlete can use to quickly generate ATP is the phosphagen system.
What is the phosphagen system?The phosphagen system uses the stored phosphocreatine in the muscles to rapidly synthesize ATP.
This system can only be used for subsequent sprints if the powerlifter has had enough time to recover and replenish their phosphocreatine stores in between sprints. Otherwise, they will rely on glycolysis for ATP synthesis.
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A healthy dose of skepticism is an important component of the nature of science when scientists evaluate their own results and the results of others. However, sometimes skepticism can work against science and suppress scientific progress. How does this phenomenon depend on who is controlling the narrative?
Answers
A healthy dose of skepticism is an important component of the nature of science when scientists evaluate their own results and the results of others. However, sometimes skepticism can work against science and suppress scientific progress. This phenomenon depend on who is controlling the narrative because the skeptics are those who are evaluating the research and data.
If the skeptics are not open to new information, then they can slow or halt scientific progress, this can happen if the skeptics are overly cautious, or if they are biased in some way. It can also happen if the skeptics are under pressure from those who have a vested interest in the outcome of the research, such as government agencies, corporations, or advocacy groups. In addition, the skeptics may be influenced by their own beliefs or values, which can lead them to reject new information that does not fit their worldview. This is known as confirmation bias.
The phenomenon of skepticism working against science and suppressing scientific progress can also occur if the skeptics do not have access to the necessary resources or if they are not well-informed about the latest developments in the field. The phenomenon of skepticism working against science and suppressing scientific progress can happen if the skeptics are not open to the new information, or if they are biased in some way. It can also happen if the skeptics are under pressure from those who have a vested interest in the outcome of the research, such as government agencies, corporations, or advocacy groups. The skeptics may be influenced by their own beliefs or values, which can lead them to reject new information that does not fit their worldview.
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What is the purpose of an
endospore?
what is the significance of this from a medical
perspective?
Answers
The purpose of an endospore is to allow certain types of bacteria to survive in extreme conditions, such as extreme heat or cold, dehydration, and exposure to toxic chemicals or radiation.
The endospore allows the bacteria to remain dormant until conditions become more favorable for growth and reproduction.
From a medical perspective, endospores can be significant because they allow bacteria to survive in environments that would typically be inhospitable, such as in medical equipment or on surfaces in hospitals. This can lead to the spread of infections and illnesses. It is important for medical professionals to be aware of the presence of endospores and to take steps to properly sterilize equipment and surfaces to prevent the spread of infection.
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CELL CYCLE
What phase of the cell's life does
the white arrow represent?
TYPE
?
Cell
Division
Answers
Answer: Mitosis
Explanation: I learned it at school the other day
There have been many oil spills over the years. Perhaps you heard or learned about the Gulf oil spill in the U.S. that happened in April 2010? A spill like this that is close to land causes many problems for the environment and makes it difficult to clean up. As little as three gallons of oil can spread to make a slick mess covering one acre of the ocean's surface. With the Gulf oil spill, it's estimated that 200,000 gallons a day spilled into the ocean. Oil spills like this are very damaging, but they aren't the only source of oil that is polluting our waters. Rain washes particles from air pollution into the ocean. And one of the biggest sources of oil polluting is from the oil people put down their drains every day or runoff from parking lots. Oil and water don't mix—perhaps you have heard this before? And you probably know that oil is sticky and greasy. This makes it even more difficult to clean up. Let's take a look at the chemical properties of oil and water to see why. Each water molecule is made of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom - H2O. When the two hydrogen atoms bond with the oxygen, they attach to the top of the molecule, rather like Mickey Mouse ears. This molecular structure gives the water molecule polarity, or a lopsided electrical charge that attracts other atoms. Because of their polarity, water molecules are strongly attracted to one another. This also gives water its unique properties. Oil is made of more complex molecules, containing carbon and hydrogen. Oil molecules are non-polar, meaning they don't stick together like water molecules do. Oil is thick and heavy, yet its molecules are spread farther apart, lowering the density. Because it has a lower density, oil floats on water's surface.
Answers
Answer:
mddmdnxxnxnxnxnxbbxxbhcxjsjsjwuwususussjdjxjxjxjxj
How does inhibition of the electron transport chain affect the proton-motive force and ATP synthase activity?
How does uncoupling of electron transport and ATP synthesis affect the activity of ATP synthase, oxygen consumption, ADP levels and respiratory control?
Answers
Inhibition of the electron transport chain (ETC) affects the proton-motive force (PMF) and ATP synthase activity in several ways. First, when the ETC is inhibited, fewer protons are pumped across the membrane, reducing the PMF. This in turn reduces the driving force for the ATP synthase enzyme, which reduces the production of ATP from ADP.
Secondly, inhibition of the ETC also reduces the oxygen consumption rate, as less energy is being produced by the electron transport chain. This decrease in oxygen consumption affects the levels of ADP in the cell, as ATP production is no longer as active. Finally, inhibition of the ETC reduces the respiratory control, as the activity of the respiratory enzymes, such as cytochrome c oxidase, is reduced.
Uncoupling of electron transport and ATP synthesis also affects the activity of ATP synthase, oxygen consumption, ADP levels, and respiratory control. This is because, when uncoupled, the electron transport chain continues to operate and pump protons, but the protons are not used to drive ATP synthesis. As a result, oxygen consumption remains high, but ATP production is decreased, as is the level of ADP in the cell. This also reduces the respiratory control, as the electron transport chain is still running, but the ATP production is reduced.
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What is part of nervous system that carries messages between brain/spinal cord and the rest of the body ?
Answers
The part of the nervous system that carries messages between the brain/spinal cord and the rest of the body is called the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
The PNS is made up of nerves and ganglia outside of the brain and spinal cord. It is responsible for connecting the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord, to the limbs and organs. The PNS is further divided into two main systems: the somatic nervous system, which controls voluntary movements, and the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary functions such as breathing and digestion. The PNS is essential for communication between the CNS and the rest of the body, allowing us to move, feel sensations, and respond to our environment.
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Which of these molecules is polar?
Which of these molecules is used for short-term energy storage?
Answers
The polar molecule is water (H2O) and the molecule used for short-term energy storage is glucose (C6H12O6).
Water is a polar molecule because it has a slight positive charge on the hydrogen atoms and a slight negative charge on the oxygen atom due to the unequal sharing of electrons. This creates a dipole moment, making the molecule polar.
Glucose is a simple sugar that is stored in the liver and muscles as glycogen and is broken down into energy through the process of glycolysis. It is used for short-term energy storage because it can be quickly converted into energy when needed.
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Describe the cause of climate change and the effects abd projected
effects by 2100. Include examples of impacts on habitat, vegetation
and animals
Answers
Climate change is caused by the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, primarily carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels.
Other factors that contribute to climate change include deforestation, land use changes, and the release of methane from agriculture and livestock production.
The effects of climate change are already being felt around the world, with rising temperatures, melting ice caps and glaciers, and more frequent extreme weather events. By 2100, it is projected that global temperatures could increase by 1.5 to 4.5 degrees Celsius, leading to further melting of ice caps and glaciers, rising sea levels, and more extreme weather events.
These changes will have a major impact on habitats, vegetation, and animals. For example, as temperatures rise, many species will be forced to migrate to new areas in search of suitable habitats. This could lead to the loss of biodiversity and the extinction of many species.
In addition, changes in precipitation patterns and the melting of ice caps and glaciers will affect the availability of water and could lead to the loss of vegetation and the spread of desertification. Finally, the impacts of climate change on animals will include changes in migration patterns, loss of habitat, and increased competition for resources.
In conclusion, climate change is a major global problem that is caused by the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. The effects of climate change are already being felt, and are projected to become even more severe by 2100. These impacts will include changes to habitats, vegetation, and animals, with potentially devastating consequences for biodiversity and the natural world.
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In order for a recessive trait to show up, the alleles must be _____.
different- one recessive and one dominant
the same and both dominant
the same and both recessive
Answers
In order for a recessive trait to show up, the alleles must be the same and both recessive.
What is alleles ?
Alleles are different versions of a gene that occupy the same position or locus on homologous chromosomes. Genes are segments of DNA that contain the instructions for producing a particular protein or RNA molecule, and different alleles of a gene can produce slightly different versions of that protein or RNA molecule. For example, a gene that codes for eye color may have multiple alleles, such as brown, blue, or green, each producing a different variation of the pigment that gives color to the iris. Individuals inherit two copies of each gene, one from each parent, the combination of alleles they possess determines their genetic makeup and the traits they display
Therefore,A recessive allele is only expressed when an individual has two copies of that allele (i.e., is homozygous recessive). If an individual has one copy of the recessive allele and one copy of the dominant allele (i.e., is heterozygous), the dominant allele will be expressed, and the recessive allele will be masked. Therefore, both copies of the gene must be recessive for the recessive trait to be expressed.
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Made up of proteins and mucopolysaccharides. It is a thick, gelatinous material that provides a supporting matrix for nerve tissue, blood vessels, sweat and sebum glands, and hair follicles. is called?
Answers
The thick, gelatinous material that you are referring to is called the dermis. The dermis is the second layer of skin that lies beneath the epidermis and is made up of proteins and mucopolysaccharides. It provides a supporting matrix for nerve tissue, blood vessels, sweat and sebum glands, and hair follicles.
The dermis also contains collagen and elastin fibers that give the skin its strength and elasticity. It is an important component of the skin, as it provides structural support and helps to regulate body temperature. Without the dermis, the skin would be thin and fragile, and would not be able to protect the body from injury or infection.
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Many studies on genetic variation in humans have been done with the perception of taste. The chemical phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) has been used extensively in these studies. Although many individuals cannot taste PTC, many individuals find the taste of PTC to be ________.
Answers
Many studies on genetic variation in humans have been done with the perception of taste. The chemical phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) has been used extensively in these studies. Although many individuals cannot taste PTC, many individuals find the taste of PTC to be: bitter
Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) is a chemical that has been widely used in human taste perception studies. The taste of PTC is found to be bitter by a significant portion of individuals. A strong genetic component is associated with the perception of PTC taste, with sensitivity varying between individuals.
Those who perceive the taste of PTC are known as “tasters,” whereas those who cannot are known as “non-tasters.”It is important to note that PTC is just one of many chemicals that have been used to study human taste perception. These chemicals are useful in determining the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to taste perception.
Research has shown that the perception of bitter taste is the most variable, with individuals exhibiting a wide range of sensitivities to bitter compounds. In conclusion, the taste of PTC is perceived as bitter by many individuals.
The sensitivity to PTC is genetically determined, with some individuals being tasters and others being nontasters. PTC is useful in studying human taste perception and identifying the factors that contribute to individual differences in taste sensitivity.
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T/F Charles Darwin's theory that organisms better suited for environment will survive/reproduce and those poorly suited for environment will die off.
Answers
The statement 'Charles Darwin's theory that organisms better suited for environment will survive/reproduce and those poorly suited for environment will die off' is True because through natural selection, species evolve over time to adapt to their environment and increase their chances of survival.
Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection states that organisms that are better adapted to their environment have a greater chance of surviving and reproducing, while those that are poorly adapted are more likely to die off. This process occurs over multiple generations, leading to the evolution of new species.
According to the principle of "survival of the fittest," organisms that are better adapted to their surroundings have a higher chance of surviving and procreating. The phrase "survival of the fittest" was coined to describe Darwin's theory of evolution.
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which of the following steps happens last during transcription
A: RNA polymerase pulls apart the double helix
B: RNA polymerase reaches the end of a gene
C: RNA polymerase reaches the beginning of the gene
D: RNA polymerase produces mRNA from DNA
Answers
The last stage in transcription of DNA is RNA polymerase reaches the end of a gene. The correct option to this question is B.
ProcessWhen RNA polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene, transcription is terminated, which marks the end of the process. Once the mRNA strand is finished, it separates from the DNA.Termination is the process that completes translation. When a stop codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA) in the mRNA enters the A site, the process is terminated. Although they are not tRNAs, release factors are proteins that fit perfectly into the P site and identify stop codons.Initiation, elongation, and termination are the three phases of transcription.RNA, which can be found as mRNA, tRNA, or rRNA, is the end product of transcription, whereas a polypeptide amino acid chain, which is what gives rise to proteins, is the end product of translation.For more information on DNA transcription kindly visit to
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A patient’s lipid profile returned the following results: LDL cholesterol: 185mg/dL HDL cholesterol: 65mg/dL VLDL cholesterol: 14mg/dL LDL+VLDL: 199mg/dL Triglycerides: 36mg/dL Total cholesterol: 265mg/dL i. Which of these parameters are outside of the ranges for a healthy adult? (2 marks, maximum 50 words) ii. Explain why persons with heart disease or hypertension might present with such a lipid profile. (3 marks, maximum 100 words)
Answers
Cholesterol is a type of lipid molecule found in the cells of all animals. It plays an important role in the body's metabolism and is used to produce hormones, vitamin D, and bile acids. High levels of cholesterol in the blood can lead to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke.
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In the lakes of East Africa, there are more than 1,500 different species of cichlid fish.
Which option best describes why these fish speciated?
They became genetically isolated after specializing in different foods.
The different species migrated from different regions requiring adaptations.
They were selectively bred by locals to increase biodiversity.
They were each introduced into the lakes one at a time.
Answers
The most likely option that describes why these cichlid fish speciated is "They became genetically isolated after specializing in different foods."
Explain about species of cichlid fish
Cichlid fish are a large and diverse family of freshwater fish that are found in various parts of the world, including Africa, South America, and Central America.
However, the most well-known and diverse group of cichlids is found in the lakes of East Africa, particularly in Lake Victoria, Lake Malawi, and Lake Tanganyika. These lakes are home to more than 1,500 different species of cichlid fish, which have evolved into a stunning array of shapes, sizes, and colors over millions of years.
The most likely option that describes why these fish speciated is "They became genetically isolated after specializing in different foods."
The cichlid fish in the East African lakes have diversified into numerous species because they have been evolving in isolation from one another for millions of years, and have developed specialized feeding habits and other adaptations to exploit different ecological niches within the lakes.
As a result, the different species of cichlids have distinct morphological, behavioral, and genetic traits that allow them to occupy specific habitats and feed on different types of prey, which has led to the remarkable diversity of cichlid species in the region.
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If
I require 19.5 IU / g of an enzyme, does this mean I require 19.5
umol of enzyme to catalyse 1 g of substrate?
Answers
No, 19.5 IU/g of an enzyme does not mean that you require 19.5 umol of enzyme to catalyse 1 g of substrate.
IU stands for International Units, and it is a unit of measurement used to express the activity or potency of a substance, such as an enzyme. One IU is defined as the amount of a substance that produces a specific biological effect under specified conditions.
On the other hand, umol is a unit of measurement used to express the amount of a substance, in this case, an enzyme. Therefore, 19.5 IU/g of an enzyme refers to the activity or potency of the enzyme required to catalyse 1 g of substrate, not the amount of enzyme required.
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plssssssssss helppppp I WILL GIVE POINTSSS
Answers
The correct order of the waves by amplitude, beginning with the wave with the largest amplitude is W, Y, X, Z
What is the amplitude of a wave?The amplitude of a wave is the maximum displacement of the medium (such as the displacement of the surface of a body of water or the displacement of air molecules in a sound wave) from its rest position as the wave passes through it.
In simpler terms, the amplitude of a wave represents the magnitude or strength of the wave as it oscillates from its equilibrium point. For example, in a sound wave, the amplitude corresponds to the loudness or intensity of the sound.
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Suppose in the year 2022 there were 20 spiders growing in a terrarium that could support 40 spiders. If the intrinsic rate of increase is \( 0.1 \), how many spiders would be in the terrarium in the following year?
Answers
In the year 2022, there were 20 spiders in the terrarium that could support 40 spiders. According to the given intrinsic rate of increase of \( 0.1 \), the number of spiders in the terrarium in the following year will be calculated as follows:
Step 1: Calculate the total number of spiders that the terrarium can support in the following year.
Total number of spiders = 40 * (1 + 0.1) = 44 spiders
Step 2: Calculate the number of spiders in the terrarium in the following year.
Number of spiders in the terrarium = 44 - 20 = 24 spiders
Therefore, in the year 2023, there will be 24 spiders in the terrarium.
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the types of resources you think whales used in ancient bodies of water
Answers
PLS ANSWER MY QUESTION (I WILL MARK THE BRAINLIEST IF ANSWERED CORRECTLY)
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
There is not a trend in this graph. It is scattered.
What is unique about the fiber orientation of vastus Medialis and what function does this fiber orientation serve?
Answers
The fiber of the vastus medialis obliquus is shorter and more obliquely oriented and it helps to stabilize the petalla and improve efficiency of knee extension.
The vastus medialis, also known as the vastus internus or teardrop muscle, is an extensor muscle that extends the knee and is situated medially in the thigh. A member of the quadriceps muscle group is the vastus medialis. One of the four muscles in the front compartment of the thigh is the vastus medialis. Together with the other muscles that make up the quadriceps muscle, it is involved in knee extension. Correct patella tracking also benefits from the vastus medialis.
It has been proposed that the vastus medialis muscle is divided into two groups of fibres: the vastus medialis obliquus, which is shorter and more obliquely oriented, and the vastus medialis longus, which is long and relatively aligned with the quadriceps ligament.
The vastus medialis has a unique fiber orientation which is perpendicular to the long axis of the thigh, meaning that it lies in a vertical direction when in a relaxed state. This orientation serves to help stabilize the patella and improve the efficiency of knee extension.
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What is an example of a hypothesis relating to human evolution
or what makes us human that can be tested and supported by
empirical evidence?
Answers
A hypothesis relating to human evolution and what makes us human that can be tested and supported by empirical evidence is that human behavior is influenced by evolutionary processes, such as natural selection. This hypothesis can be tested through looking at data on human physical and behavioral characteristics in relation to their environment, as well as examining fossils and archaeological evidence.
This hypothesis can be tested by first gathering data on the physical and behavioral characteristics of humans in different environments, and then looking for correlations between those characteristics and the environment. This data can then be used to formulate a hypothesis about how natural selection has acted on humans, which can be tested further by examining fossil and archaeological evidence.
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What enzyme (or chemical method) was used on Protein Example #2
to make the C fragments?
Group of answer choices
a. trypsin
b. chymotrypsin
c. V8 protease
d. asp-N-protease
e. pepsin
f. cyanogen bromi
Answers
The enzyme used on Protein Example #2 to make the C fragments is trypsin.
Trypsin is a serine protease that cleaves proteins at the carboxyl side of lysine and arginine residues. It is an enzyme in the first section of the small intestine that starts the digestion of protein molecules by cutting long chains of amino acids into smaller pieces.
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For testing a bacterium's response to an inhibitory substance,why would g (generation time) be useful information?
Answers
The generation time (g) of a bacterium is the time required for it to divide and form two daughter cells. This is useful information when testing a bacterium's response to an inhibitory substance because it allows us to measure the effect of the substance on the bacterium's growth and reproduction.
If the inhibitory substance is effective, it will slow down or even stop the bacterium's growth and reproduction, leading to an increase in the generation time.
By comparing the generation time of the bacterium in the presence of the inhibitory substance to the generation time in the absence of the substance, we can determine the effectiveness of the inhibitory substance.
Therefore, the generation time (g) of a bacterium is useful information when testing its response to an inhibitory substance because it allows us to measure the effect of the substance on the bacterium's growth and reproduction.
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Answer the guiding question in 4 - 6 sentences (What is “DNA Forensics” and how is it used?). Use the vocabulary from the previous pages and the optional sentence frames below in your answer.
Answers
DNA forensics: The use of DNA technology and DNA genetics expertise in forensic medicine and the practice of legal medicine.
UseDNA from crime scenes, such as blood or hair, can be compared to samples of suspects' DNA by forensic scientists. The possibility of eliminating that suspect exists if there is no match. Police are probably going to want to check more closely if there is a match.Because no two people have the same autosomal DNA (apart from identical twins), autosomal DNA is largely employed in criminal investigations. Examining DNA found in chromosomes that determine sex, however, can be quite useful during analysis in some circumstances, such as sexual assault.For more information on DNA forensics kindly visit to
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At which stage of metosis are cells haploid?
1. prophase I
2. prophase II
3. telophase I
4. telophase II
a. 2, 3, 4
b. 1, 2
c. 1, 2, 4
d. 1, 3
e. 2, 3
Answers
Cells become haploid during telophase I of meiosis(d. 1, 3).
During this stage, the homologous chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles of the cell, resulting in two haploid daughter cells. In contrast, during prophase I, homologous chromosomes pair up and undergo crossing over, resulting in genetic recombination.
Prophase II involves the reorganization of the spindle fibers and the alignment of chromosomes in preparation for their separation. Telophase II marks the end of meiosis and results in the formation of four haploid daughter cells, each with a unique combination of chromosomes. Therefore, the correct answer is option (d) 1, 3.
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