Herbert Hoover’s approach the the Depression economy was based on the belief in a. voluntary cooperation.
Herbert Hoover's approach to the Depression economy was based on the belief in voluntary cooperation. Hoover believed that the government should play a limited role in economic affairs and that voluntary cooperation among businesses, individuals, and organizations would be the key to economic recovery.
Hoover favored a more hands-off approach, encouraging businesses to maintain wages and employment, and promoting cooperation between industry leaders to stabilize prices and avoid layoffs. He believed that the private sector, working together voluntarily, would be able to address the economic challenges of the Great Depression.
Option b, separation of church and state, is a concept related to the relationship between religion and government, but it is not directly relevant to Hoover's approach to the Depression economy.
Option c, the golden rule, is a moral principle that states one should treat others as they would like to be treated. While Hoover may have adhered to this principle in his personal beliefs, it is not specifically related to his approach to the Depression economy.
Option d, direct relief government, refers to a more interventionist approach where the government provides direct assistance or relief to those affected by economic hardships. Hoover initially hesitated to provide direct relief and instead favored more indirect measures and voluntary cooperation.
In conclusion, Herbert Hoover's approach to the Depression economy was based on the belief in voluntary cooperation as a means to address the economic challenges of the time.
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In the context of the Leadership Grid, the __desires tight control in order to get tasks done efficiently and considers creativity and human relations unnecessary. authority-compliance manager country club manager impoverished manager organization man manager
The style of management in the Leadership Grid, impoverished manager, is the one that wants tight control in order to get tasks done efficiently and considers creativity and human relations unnecessary.
The Leadership Grid is a tool that evaluates a leader's concern for production and concern for people and then positions them in one of the five management styles: impoverished manager, country club manager, authority-compliance manager, organization man manager, and team manager. Impoverished management is the lowest level of concern for both people and production.
The impoverished manager's low concern for production reflects their lack of attention to task accomplishment and their low concern for people reflects their lack of attention to employees' needs and concerns. The impoverished manager's primary goal is to keep the status quo and avoid getting into trouble. They work just enough to get by, have little ambition, and prefer to be left alone.
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Tata Group, a multinational conglomerate company from India is planning to raise capital by issuing financial securities. The company’s board of directors agree to issue 70% of securities for the equity capital and the balance is debt capital. If the company’s after-tax cost of debt capital and cost of equity capital are 6% and 8% respectively. Calculate the weighted average cost of capital (WACC).
The weighted average cost of capital (wacc) for tata group, based on the given information, is 6.
to calculate the weighted average cost of capital (wacc) for tata group, we need to consider the proportions of equity and debt capital and their respective costs.
given that 70% of the securities will be issued for equity capital, the proportion of debt capital is 30%.
let's calculate the wacc using the formula:
wacc = (e/v) * re + (d/v) * rd * (1 - t)
where:e = equity capital
v = total capital (equity + debt)re = cost of equity capital
d = debt capitalrd = cost of debt capital
t = tax rate
considering the information provided:e = 70% of the securities
v = 100% (total capital)re = 8%
d = 30% of the securitiesrd = 6%
t = assume a tax rate of 30% (0.30)
let's substitute the values into the formula:
wacc = (0.70 * 0.08) + (0.30 * 0.06 * (1 - 0.30))wacc = 0.056 + 0.0126
wacc = 0.0686 or 6.86% 86%.
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6. Chapter MC, 84, Problem 15. Algs Suppose you are buying your first home for $450,000, and you have $15,000 for your down payment. You have arranged to finance the remainder with a 30-year, monthly payment, amortized mortgage at a 6,5% nominal interest rate, with the first payment due in one month. What will your monthly payments be? Select the correct answe Co. $2,763.50 Cb. 52,742.50 CC. $2,756.50 Cd. $2,740.50 Ce. $2,735,50
The correct answer is (a). The monthly mortgage payment for the given scenario is approximately $2,763.50. This amount is calculated based on the loan amount, interest rate, and the number of monthly payments over the 30-year term.
To calculate the monthly mortgage payments, we can use the formula for calculating the payment amount on an amortized mortgage:
[tex]M = P * (r * (1 + r)^n) / ((1 + r)^n - 1)[/tex],
where M is the monthly payment, P is the loan amount (purchase price minus down payment), r is the monthly interest rate, and n is the total number of monthly payments.
Given:
Purchase price (loan amount): $450,000
Down payment: $15,000
Loan amount (P): $450,000 - $15,000 = $435,000
Nominal interest rate: 6.5%
Number of monthly payments (n): 30 years * 12 months = 360
Monthly interest rate (r): 6.5% / 12 = 0.00542
Plugging in the values into the formula, we have:
[tex]M = $435,000 * (0.00542 * (1 + 0.00542)^{360}) / ((1 + 0.00542)^{360} - 1)[/tex]
Calculating this expression, the monthly payment amount is approximately $2,763.50.
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COM-723-94101-2022SU Workplace Communications class
Please answer the following questions:
1. What are some benefits to having virtual meetings? How about the negative aspects of virtual meetings? Would you enjoy a job that has frequent virtual meetings?
2. Why it is important to keep minutes during a business meeting?
3. Think of a time you experienced group conflict at work or in a class. Why did the conflict start? How was the conflict resolved?
Benefits of having virtual meetings: Virtual meetings offer numerous benefits for businesses and individuals.
What are some advantages?Some of the advantages of virtual meetings are as follows:
Time-saving: Participants can avoid commuting and travel, resulting in time savings.
Cost-effective: In comparison to face-to-face meetings, virtual meetings are more cost-effective.
Environmentally friendly: Virtual meetings can help reduce the carbon footprint and the need for physical travel.
Boosts productivity: Participants are less likely to be distracted during virtual meetings.
Limitation:Internet connection, device compatibility, and technical difficulties may all limit the participation of attendees. It is difficult to read body language and other non-verbal signals, which may result in misunderstandings. A lack of personal interaction can lead to feelings of loneliness and isolation. It is possible that virtual meetings might become tiresome over time.
2. Importance of keeping minutes during a business meeting:The importance of keeping minutes of business meetings is mentioned below:
To keep a record of what happened during the meeting.To create a reference document that may be used later.To offer a sense of accountability for attendees.To keep a record of who was present and who was not.
3. Example of group conflict at work or in a class:In my previous job, I was working in a group of 5 people. We had a conflict because everyone had their own opinions, and it was difficult to come to a consensus. The problem began because one of the team members did not take the other members' opinions seriously. Because of this, there was a lack of trust and understanding between the team members, which led to the conflict. To resolve the conflict, the team decided to speak openly about their issues and address them.
We addressed each other's concerns and took the time to understand each other's viewpoints. We made a conscious effort to respect and listen to each other's opinions. We came to a consensus, which led to a productive working relationship.
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Consider two economies, one called the domestic country and the other the foreign country. Given the transactions listed in (a) through (i), construct the balance of payments for domestic country. If necessary, include a statistical discrepancy. (Hint: Think about the cash flow.)
a. The domestic country purchased $120 in oil from the foreign country.
b. The domestic sells $35 of ski slopes to foreign country.
c. Foreign consumers purchased $50 of wine from the domestic wineries.
d. Domestic investors were paid $25 in dividends from holdings of foreign equities. Hint: this is (investment) income received by domestic country.
e. Foreign investors were paid $20 in dividends from their holdings of domestic equities.
f. Domestic residents gave $15 to foreign charities.
g. Domestic businesses borrowed $60 from foreign banks.
h. Foreign investors purchased $15 of domestic government bonds.
i. Domestic investors purchased $50 of foreign government bonds.
The balance of payments for the domestic country can be constructed as follows:
(a) Current account: The domestic country purchased $120 in oil from the foreign country. This transaction represents an import of goods, resulting in a debit of $120 in the current account.
(b) Current account: The domestic country sold $35 of ski slopes to the foreign country. This transaction represents an export of goods, resulting in a credit of $35 in the current account.
(c) Current account: Foreign consumers purchased $50 of wine from the domestic wineries. This transaction represents an export of goods, resulting in a credit of $50 in the current account.
(d) Current account: Domestic investors were paid $25 in dividends from holdings of foreign equities. This transaction represents an inflow of investment income, resulting in a credit of $25 in the current account.
(e) Current account: Foreign investors were paid $20 in dividends from their holdings of domestic equities. This transaction represents an outflow of investment income, resulting in a debit of $20 in the current account.
(f) Current account: Domestic residents gave $15 to foreign charities. This transaction represents a transfer payment, resulting in a debit of $15 in the current account.
(g) Capital account: Domestic businesses borrowed $60 from foreign banks. This transaction represents a borrowing from abroad, resulting in a credit of $60 in the capital account.
(h) Financial account: Foreign investors purchased $15 of domestic government bonds. This transaction represents a capital inflow, resulting in a credit of $15 in the financial account.
(i) Financial account: Domestic investors purchased $50 of foreign government bonds. This transaction represents a capital outflow, resulting in a debit of $50 in the financial account.
To balance the balance of payments, we need to calculate the current account balance, capital account balance, and financial account balance. The current account balance is the sum of all the credits and debits in the current account, which in this case is (-120 + 35 + 50 + 25 - 20 - 15) = -45. The capital account balance is the credit in the capital account, which is 60. The financial account balance is the sum of the credits and debits in the financial account, which in this case is (15 - 50) = -35.
To ensure the balance of payments equation holds, a statistical discrepancy can be introduced. The statistical discrepancy is the difference between the sum of the current account balance, capital account balance, and financial account balance. In this case, the statistical discrepancy would be (-45 + 60 - 35) = -20.
In conclusion, the balance of payments for the domestic country includes a current account deficit of $45, a capital account surplus of $60, a financial account deficit of $35, and a statistical discrepancy of -$20.
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1.1 Perfect competition is a situation in which
A. Every year, owners are likely to earn economic profits.
B. Every year, owners are likely to earn economic losses.
C. There are many firms and several buyers or sellers have market power.
D. There are many firms and no buyer or seller has market power.
1.2 If a firm finds that its marginal cost is greater than its price, it
A. Should increase production.
B. Should reduce production.
C. Is maximizing its total revenue.
D. Is maximizing its profit.
1.3 Which of the following is not a characteristic of a perfectly competitive market?
A. Perfect information.
B. Homogeneous products.
C. Zero economic profit in the long run.
D. High barriers.
1.4 A contestable market is
A. A perfectly competitive market.
B. An imperfectly competitive situation with high barriers to entry.
C. A market with only one producer.
D. An imperfectly competitive situation that is subject to entry.
1.5 A program of countercyclical payments is best classified as a federal
A. Farm cost subsidy.
B. Income support program.
C. Price support program.
D. Acreage set-aside.
1.1 D. There are many firms, and no buyer or seller has market power. 1.2 B. Should reduce production. 1.3 D. High barriers. 1.4 D. An imperfectly competitive situation that is subject to entry. 1.5 B. Income support program.
1.1 Perfect competition is characterized by the presence of many firms in the market, where no single buyer or seller has the ability to influence the market price. This ensures that the market operates based on supply and demand forces rather than individual market power.
1.2 If a firm finds that its marginal cost is greater than its price, it indicates that the firm is incurring a loss on each additional unit produced. In such a situation, it is economically rational for the firm to reduce production to minimize losses.
1.3 One of the characteristics of a perfectly competitive market is the presence of low barriers to entry and exit. This means that new firms can easily enter the market and existing firms can exit without significant obstacles. High barriers, as mentioned in option D, are not a characteristic of perfect competition.
1.4 A contestable market refers to a market where there is the potential for new firms to enter and compete with existing firms, even if there are a few dominant players. This implies that existing firms face the threat of competition and must remain efficient to avoid being driven out of the market.
1.5 A countercyclical payment program is an income support program implemented by the government to provide financial assistance to individuals or businesses during economic downturns or periods of low income. It aims to stabilize income levels and mitigate the negative effects of economic cycles.
Understanding the characteristics of perfect competition, the response to marginal cost exceeding price, the absence of high barriers in perfect competition, the concept of contestable markets, and the purpose of countercyclical payment programs helps to grasp the nuances of market structures and government interventions.
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Bradley Company has an accrual basis net income of $90,000 and the following related items: Depreciation expense $19,000 Accounts receivable increase 6,000 Inventory decrease 7,000 Accounts payable de
Bradley Company's net cash flow from operating activities is $84,000. Option A is correct.
To calculate Bradley Company's net cash flow from operating activities, we need to adjust the accrual basis net income for the changes in operating assets and liabilities.
The formula to calculate net cash flow from operating activities is;
Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities = Accrual Basis Net Income + Depreciation Expense +/- Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities
Given;
Accrual Basis Net Income = $90,000
Depreciation Expense = $19,000
Accounts Receivable Increase = $6,000
Inventory Decrease = $7,000
Accounts Payable Decrease = $4,000
Now, let's calculate net cash flow from operating activities;
Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities = $90,000 + $19,000 + ($6,000) + ($7,000) + ($4,000)
Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities = $90,000 + $19,000 - $6,000 - $7,000 - $4,000
Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities = $90,000 + $19,000 - $6,000 - $7,000 - $4,000
Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities = $90,000 + $19,000 - $6,000 - $7,000 - $4,000
Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities = $101,000 - $17,000
Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities = $84,000
Therefore, net cash flow from operating activities is $84,000.
Hence, A. is the correct option.
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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is
"Bradley Company has an accrual basis net income of $90,000 and the following related items: Depreciation expense $19,000 Accounts receivable increase 6,000 Inventory decrease 7,000 Accounts payable decrease 4,000 How much is Bradley's net cash flow from operating activities? A) $ 84,000 B) $101.000 C) $ 62,000 D) $106,000."--
What could do, as everyday people, about the exploitation of natural resources like coltan? What about Gold or Diamonds?
Do we have any responsibility for what is happening today in Congo because of natural resources like coltan? How is our system connected to that system?
Answer:
As everyday people, we can do a number of things to address the exploitation of natural resources like coltan, gold, and diamonds. Here are a few ideas:
Explanation: As everyday people, there are several actions we can take to address the exploitation of natural resources like coltan, gold, and diamonds. Firstly, we can educate ourselves and raise awareness about the issue by researching and sharing information with others. Secondly, we can make conscious purchasing decisions by supporting companies that adhere to responsible sourcing practices and avoid products linked to conflict minerals or unethical mining practices. Additionally, we can advocate for stricter regulations and transparency in supply chains, urging governments and companies to prioritize sustainable and ethical practices. Supporting organizations and initiatives that work towards promoting responsible mining and fair trade can also make a difference.
It is important to recognize that we have a shared responsibility when it comes to the exploitation of natural resources in countries like the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) due to the demand for coltan and other minerals. Our global economic system is interconnected, and the demand for these resources fuels their extraction under often exploitative conditions. Companies in the supply chain, as well as governments, have a responsibility to ensure that their sourcing practices are ethical and sustainable. By putting pressure on companies and policymakers through our consumer choices, activism, and engagement, we can contribute to the positive change needed to address the issues connected to the exploitation of natural resources.
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In a certain closed economy, GDP is $12 billion. Consumption is $7 billion and government expenditure is $2 billion. How much are net exports? $0 $14 billion $3 billion $2 billion
In this certain closed economy, the Net exports are $3 billion.
Net exports represent the difference between a country's total exports and total imports. To determine net exports, we need to subtract consumption and government expenditure from GDP.
Given that GDP is $12 billion, consumption is $7 billion, and government expenditure is $2 billion, we can calculate net exports as follows:
Net Exports = GDP - Consumption - Government Expenditure
Net Exports = $12 billion - $7 billion - $2 billion
Net Exports = $3 billion
Therefore, the net exports in this closed economy are $3 billion. This indicates that the value of exports is $3 billion more than the value of imports. It implies that the economy is running a trade surplus, as it exports more goods and services than it imports.
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Question 2 (1 point) In the competitive market for jelly beans (a normal good), all of the following are true EXCEPT o A decrease in consumer income would shift demand to the left o An increase in costs of producing jelly beans would shift supply to the left o A decrease in the price of a substitute good would shift demand to the left o An increase in the number of buyers would shift demand to the right X
The statement that is not true in the competitive market for jelly beans is: A decrease in the price of a substitute good would shift demand to the left. Option A is the answer.
The market for jelly beans (a normal good) follows the basic principles of supply and demand. An increase in production costs would shift the supply to the left, while a decrease in consumer income would shift the demand to the left. An increase in the number of buyers would shift demand to the right, but this is not surprising as a larger number of buyers would lead to a higher demand for jelly beans.
The statement that is not true is "A decrease in the price of a substitute good would shift demand to the left". The price of substitute goods is an important determinant of demand and supply for jelly beans. A decrease in the price of a substitute good would lead to a decrease in the demand for jelly beans. Thus, if the price of chocolates falls, the demand for jelly beans will decline and the demand curve for jelly beans will shift to the left.
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which of the following sequences is consistent with cascading goals that egin at the highest levels of the oragnization
Which of the following sequences is consistent with cascading goals that begin at the highest levels of the organization is Sequence in an organization is cascading when objectives and goals are passed down from the top of the are organizational chart to the bottom.
Goals are established at the top-level and then flow down through the different levels of the organization, where they are turned into specific actions that employees can execute. In order to create a consistent structure and improve the chances of achieving the company’s main objectives, it is important to define this sequence. The Corporate goals, business unit goals, and functional goals. Corporate goals, business unit goals, and functional goals is the sequence that is consistent with cascading goals that begin at the highest levels of the organization.
This sequence is consistent with cascading goals because corporate goals are the highest level goals that are created by the senior executives or board of directors of an organization. These goals are general, encompassing the entire organization. The company's general direction is set by corporate objectives. Corporate objectives will be turned into more specific goals at the business unit level. Business unit goals are based on corporate goals but they are focused on individual units within the company .Functional goals are established after business unit goals have been created, and they are specific to departments within the organization. Department objectives are established in order to accomplish the business unit objectives. As a result, the departmental goals reflect the company’s mission statement as well as its values.
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Investment analysis is the study of how an investment is likely to perform and how suitable it is for a given investor. Investment analysis is key to any sound portfolio-management strategy. Investors not comfortable doing their own investment analysis can seek professional advice from a financial advisor.
Required
Use suitable illustrations to discuss the importance of portfolio analysis to investors
State and discuss Five factors to consider when carrying out an investment analysis
Portfolio analysis is important for investors as it helps them make informed investment decisions and achieve their financial goals. By analyzing their investments, investors can assess the potential risks and returns, diversify their portfolio, and optimize their investment strategy.
Here are five factors to consider when conducting investment analysis:
Risk Assessment: Investors should evaluate the risk associated with an investment. Factors such as market volatility, economic conditions, and industry-specific risks should be taken into account to determine the risk level of an investment.
Return Potential: Investors need to assess the potential returns of an investment. This involves analyzing historical performance, growth prospects, and future projections to estimate the potential profitability of the investment.
Investment Time Horizon: The time horizon of the investment is an important consideration. Investors should align their investment analysis with their specific time goals, whether short-term or long-term, to determine the appropriate investment options.
Diversification: Diversification is crucial in investment analysis. Investors should consider spreading their investments across different asset classes, sectors, and geographic regions to reduce risk and optimize returns.
Investment Objectives: Investors should clearly define their investment objectives, such as capital preservation, income generation, or growth. The investment analysis should align with these objectives to ensure the selected investments are suitable for achieving the desired outcomes.
For example, let's say an investor wants to assess the potential of investing in renewable energy stocks. They would analyze factors such as the growth prospects of the renewable energy sector, government policies supporting clean energy, the financial performance of renewable energy companies, and the overall market conditions. Based on this analysis, the investor can determine the suitability of investing in renewable energy stocks.
In summary, portfolio analysis is vital for investors to make informed investment decisions. By considering factors such as risk, return potential, time horizon, diversification, and investment objectives, investors can evaluate the suitability of investments and build a well-balanced portfolio that aligns with their financial goals.
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In your group, create a Product Vision- Elevator Test statement using the template from the Product Vision video and upload in the drop box. Here is assignments for each group :
Netflix
Uber Eats
Uber Driver
Uber Rider
Uber Money
Origins
Evaluation criteria - Total 15 marks, 5 % for Grade
Statement Quality [7 points] - 1 point for each of the components:
- target customer
- statement of need
- product name
-product category
- key benefit
-primary competitor
- further differentiation
Product Vision Statement for the Firm: The firm have a vision provide an unparalleled streaming experience for people around the world by allowing them to enjoy a vast library of high-quality content.
How can Netflix catering to the entertainment needs of global viewers?In an increasingly digital age, where on-demand entertainment has become a staple in people's lives, Netflix aims to be the go-to streaming platform for entertainment enthusiasts worldwide.
Under the product name "StreamX," our vision is to provide an unparalleled streaming experience that caters to the diverse needs of our target customers. By offering a vast library of high-quality content, we aim to meet the entertainment needs of individuals, families, and households alike.
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. _____ is the range in which attempts to influence a person will be perceived as legitimate and will be acted on without a great deal of thought.
a.
Zone of indifference
b.
Zone of influence
c.
Zone of reference
d.
Zone of legitimacy
The zone of legitimacy is the range in which attempts to influence a person will be perceived as legitimate and will be acted on without a great deal of thought.
Option D is correct
The zone of legitimacy refers to the extent to which a message or communication that seeks to influence another person's behavior is seen as valid, reasonable, and justifiable by the person receiving it.In the zone of legitimacy, the recipient of the message is likely to respond positively to the message without thinking too much about it because they believe that the request is appropriate and reasonable. The perception of legitimacy is influenced by the message source's perceived authority, the consistency of the message with social norms, the message content, and the message's tone and delivery.
The zone of legitimacy can be used to explain compliance behavior and how individuals' attitudes and beliefs are shaped by external factors. It also demonstrates that the effectiveness of persuasive communications is influenced by more than just the message content but by the context and the relationship between the message sender and receiver.In summary, the zone of legitimacy refers to the range in which attempts to influence a person will be perceived as legitimate and will be acted on without a great deal of thought. It is influenced by the perceived authority of the message source, the consistency of the message with social norms, the message content, and the message's tone and delivery.
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Marvin Publishing's best selling account is for graduate economics textbooks. The product's price is determined by the market (demand and supply). The current market price is taken by Marvin as $50 per book. The production cost is given as: Total cost = 350 - 10Q +2Q^2 where Q is the volume of output in thousands (000). [Note that the equation is three hundred and fifty minus ten Q plus two Q squared] Marginal cost = -10 +4Q and Marginal Revenue = Price = $50 Managers at Marvin Publishing hold themselves responsible for producing the volume at which the company makes the most profit or incurs the least loss. Use the information above to solve the following: 1. What volume of output should Marvin produce to maximize profit and what will the profit be at this level of output? (10points) 2. A rival publisher has reduced the price of its best-selling economics text by $15 and is selling the text books for $30. Marvin is considering the option of exactly matching this price reduction and so preserve his level of sales. Do you endorse this price decrease? (Briefly explain quantitatively why or why not.) (5points) 3. To save significantly on fixed costs, Marvin Publishing plans to contract out the actual printing of its textbooks to outside vendors. The firm now expects to pay a somewhat higher printing cost per book (than is described above) from the outside vendor (who marks up the price above its cost to make a profit). How would outsourcing affect the above output and pricing decisions?
Answer:
Check below :)
Explanation:
1. The volume of output Marvin should produce to maximize profit is 15,000 books (Q = 15), and the profit at this level of output is $100.
2. No, Marvin should not necessarily match the price decrease of its rival publisher. The decision should be based on whether the marginal cost (MC) is less than or equal to the reduced price of $30.
3. Outsourcing the printing of textbooks to outside vendors, with higher printing costs, would likely affect the output and pricing decisions. The change in cost structure would need to be considered in the profit maximization analysis, potentially altering the optimal volume of output and pricing strategy.
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Your research and development division has just invented a new type of screen for smartphones; you have given the go ahead to try to produce it commercially. It will take five years to find out whether the screen is commercially viable, and you estimate that the probability of its success is 22%. Development will cost £8.0 million per year, paid at the beginning of each year. If development is successful and you decide to produce the screen, a factory extension will be built immediately. The factory will cost £1,100 million to put in place and will generate profits of £80 million at the end of every year in perpetuity. Assume that the current five-year risk-free interest rate is 9.2% per year, and the yield on a perpetual risk-free bond will be 10.0%, 9.0%, 7.0%, 6.0% or 4.0% in five years. Assume that the risk- neutral probability of each possible rate is the same. REQUIRED: i) What is the NPV of this project today?
ii) Suppose that you can sell the screen prototype to a competitor for £45 million in year 5. This option is available regardless of whether the development stage is successful or not. What is the value of this option? b) How can proxy contests be used to overcome a captured board? c) What are the advantages and disadvantages of increasing the options granted to CEOS? (3 marks)
i) To find out the NPV of the project, first we need to calculate the PV of the development costs which are incurred in the first five years. Development will cost £8.0 million per year, paid at the beginning of each year. So, the PV of these costs is: PV of development costs = 8 × (1 – 1/(1 + 0.092)^5)/0.092= 32.184 million pounds The expected value of the project is:Expected value = 22% × 80 – (1 – 22%) × 8= 14.96 million pounds NPV of the project = –32.184 + 14.96 + 1,100/((1 + 0.092)^5)= 3.93 million pounds
ii) Now, let's calculate the value of the option to sell the screen prototype to a competitor for £45 million in year 5. First, let's calculate the present value of £45 million to be received after 5 years at the risk-free rate of 9.2% per annum. Present value of £45 million = 45/((1 + 0.092)^5)= 29.03 million pounds. Therefore, the value of the option to sell the screen prototype = Present value of £45 million – Cost of development= 29.03 – (8 × 5) = £-3.97 million The option has a negative value, so it is not worth anything.b) Proxy contests are a means by which shareholders can attempt to change the composition of a captured board. Shareholders can use their voting power to elect a board of their choice, rather than the one favored by the management. The shareholders can also propose resolutions at the annual general meetings to bring changes in the management or the policies of the company.
Proxy contests help the shareholders to force the management to act in the best interests of the company and the shareholders.c) The advantages of increasing the options granted to CEOs are:-
It provides an incentive to the CEOs to work hard to achieve the targets set by the board. If the company performs well, the CEO will benefit from the increase in the value of the options.
It aligns the interests of the CEO with those of the shareholders. If the CEO benefits from the rise in the stock price, he will work towards increasing the stock price.
The disadvantages of increasing the options granted to CEOs are:-
If the CEO is given too many options, he may start focusing on short-term targets that can boost the stock price in the short run, but may not be beneficial for the company in the long run.In case the stock price does not rise, the CEO will not be motivated to work hard to achieve the targets set by the board, as the options will not be valuable.
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a control system that uses a digital signal to provide information about the operating status and conditions of the hvac and help to make decisions about optimal hvac operation is known as
a. smart air-conditioning system
b. packaged terminal system
c. building automation system
d. heat pump
c. building automation system. A building automation system (BAS) is a control system that uses digital signals to provide information about the operating status and conditions of HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems.
It integrates various components of the building's mechanical and electrical systems, including the HVAC system, to monitor and control their operation.
A BAS collects data from sensors and devices throughout the building to monitor parameters such as temperature, humidity, occupancy, and energy consumption. It uses this information to optimize HVAC operation and make decisions about the system's performance and energy efficiency.
By utilizing advanced algorithms and analytics, a building automation system can automatically adjust HVAC settings, schedule maintenance activities, detect faults or anomalies, and provide real-time insights for better decision-making. This enables improved comfort, energy savings, and operational efficiency in commercial and residential buildings.
Therefore, the correct answer is c. building automation system.
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the audit procedures used in an observation of the client's physical inventory taking are designed primarily to
The audit procedures used in the observation of the client's physical inventory taking are designed primarily to ensure the inventory is accurately stated in the financial statements.
What is a physical inventory? Physical inventory is a process of counting or measuring each item in inventory to determine its total quantity. When a company performs a physical inventory count, it examines each item on hand, compares the amount counted to the amount recorded in its inventory records, and makes adjustments as necessary.
The audit procedures used in the observation of the client's physical inventory taking are designed primarily to ensure that the inventory count is accurately stated in the financial statements. The audit procedures are mainly intended to detect errors and fraud and to evaluate the effectiveness of the client's controls over the inventory observation.
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Quantity Demanded Between the two prices $8 and 310, the price elasticity of demand is on demand curve D. and on demand curve
The price elasticity of demand between the prices $8 and $310 is different for demand curve D and demand curve.
The price elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of quantity demanded to changes in price. It indicates how sensitive the quantity demanded is to changes in price. A price elasticity of demand value less than 1 indicates inelastic demand, meaning that a change in price has a relatively small impact on quantity demanded. A price elasticity of demand value greater than 1 indicates elastic demand, meaning that a change in price has a relatively large impact on quantity demanded.
To determine the price elasticity of demand between the prices $8 and $310 on demand curve D and demand curve, we need specific information regarding the quantities demanded at these prices. Without this information, we cannot provide a precise answer. The price elasticity of demand depends on the slope of the demand curve, which represents the rate at which quantity demanded changes with price. Steeper demand curves tend to have lower price elasticities, indicating less responsiveness to price changes. Flatter demand curves tend to have higher price elasticities, indicating greater responsiveness to price changes.
Therefore, the price elasticity of demand between the prices $8 and $310 can vary for demand curve D and demand curve, depending on their respective slopes. Without further information, it is not possible to determine the specific price elasticity of demand values for these curves.
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Dow Corporaten has 2 11 milion shares of common skoutanding with a book value per share of 758 with a recent of 425 The capital in 200000 ares of 5% preferred stock outstanding with a par value of 100 and the firms debt include 2250 6.5 percent quarterly bonds outstanding with 35 years current trading price of the preferred stack and bonds are 100% of its par value and comomon stock trades for 256 with a constant growth rate of 10% The bets of the the market rak premium is 7% Calculate the after tax Weighted Avergae Cost of Capital of the trm assuming a tax rate of 30% Mat show the steps of cautate)
The after-tax Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) for the firm is approximately 1.2437 or 124.37%.
To calculate the after-tax weighted average cost of capital (WACC), we need to determine the weights of each component of the firm's capital structure and their respective costs.
Common stock:
Shares outstanding: 11 million
Book value per share: $758
Recent trading price: $425
Constant growth rate: 10%
Preferred stock:
Shares outstanding: 200,000
Par value: $100
Current trading price: 100% of par value
Debt:
Bonds outstanding: $2,250 6.5% quarterly bonds
Current trading price: 100% of par value
Tax rate: 30%
Market risk premium: 7%
Now let's calculate the WACC step by step:
Calculate the weights of each component of the capital structure:
Common stock weight:
Common stock market value = Shares outstanding * Recent trading price
Common stock market value = 11,000,000 * $425 = $4,675,000,000
Preferred stock weight:
Preferred stock market value = Shares outstanding * Par value
Preferred stock market value = 200,000 * $100 = $20,000,000
Debt weight:
Debt market value = Bonds outstanding * Current trading price
Debt market value = $2,250 * $1,000 = $2,250,000
Total market value of the firm:
Total market value = Common stock market value + Preferred stock market value + Debt market value
Total market value = $4,675,000,000 + $20,000,000 + $2,250,000 = $4,697,250,000
Common stock weight = Common stock market value / Total market value
Common stock weight = $4,675,000,000 / $4,697,250,000 ≈ 0.994
Preferred stock weight = Preferred stock market value / Total market value
Preferred stock weight = $20,000,000 / $4,697,250,000 = 0.004
Debt weight = Debt market value / Total market value
Debt weight = $2,250,000 / $4,697,250,000 = 0.00048
Calculate the cost of each component:
Cost of common stock (rs):
rs = (Dividends per share / Market price per share) + Growth rate
Dividends per share = Book value per share * (1 - Tax rate)
Dividends per share = $758 * (1 - 0.30) ≈ $530.6
rs = ($530.6 / $425) + 0.10 ≈ 1.25
Cost of preferred stock (rp):
rp = Dividend per share / Market price per share
Since the preferred stock trades at 100% of par value, the dividend per share equals the preferred dividend rate.
Preferred dividend rate = Par value * Preferred dividend rate
Preferred dividend rate = $100 * 0.05 = $5
rp = $5 / $100 = 0.05
Cost of debt (rd):
Since the bonds are trading at 100% of their par value, the yield to maturity (YTM) is equal to the coupon rate.
rd = Bond coupon rate = 6.5%
Calculate the WACC:
WACC = (Weight of common stock * Cost of common stock) + (Weight of preferred stock * Cost of preferred stock) + (Weight of debt * Cost of debt)
WACC = (0.994 * 1.25) + (0.004 * 0.05) + (0.00048 * 0.065)
WACC = 1.2435 + 0.0002 + 0.0000312 = 1.2437
Therefore, the after-tax Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) for the firm is approximately 1.2437 or 124.37%.
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What is your interpretation of the coefficients on log(πₜ)?
Comment on the coefficient of variation.
In statistics, the natural logarithm is used in log-linear models to link linear regressions to the dependent variable in a different way. The coefficients on log(πt) in the ARIMA model are referred to as autoregressive integrated moving average parameters, which indicate the relationship between current and past values of the dependent variable or time series.
The ARIMA model equation involves the use of logarithms to represent this relationship. The ARIMA model incorporates autoregressive, differencing, and moving average parameters denoted as "p," "d," and "q" respectively. The equation utilizes the natural logarithm of the time series values (log(πt)) to express the dependence on past values. The coefficients (ϕ) in the equation indicate the strength and direction of the association between the logarithm of the current value and the logarithm of previous values. A positive coefficient signifies a positive association, indicating that an increase in the logarithm of a past value leads to an increase in the logarithm of the current value. Conversely, a negative coefficient suggests a negative association.
On the other hand, the coefficient of variation (CV) is a measure of relative variability used to compare the variability of different data sets with distinct means. It is calculated by dividing the standard deviation by the mean and expressing the result as a percentage. The CV provides insights into the dispersion of data points around the mean. A low coefficient of variation indicates that the data points are closely clustered around the mean, suggesting less variability. In contrast, a high coefficient of variation indicates that the data points are widely dispersed, implying greater variability.
The natural logarithm is employed in log-linear models like the ARIMA model to establish relationships between dependent variables and past values. The coefficients on log(πt) in the ARIMA model indicate the degree of association between current and past values. Additionally, the coefficient of variation (CV) is used to measure the relative variability of data points around the mean. Both concepts play crucial roles in statistical analysis and modeling.
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What is a core function implemented during an emergency.a. Public education and information
b. Finance and administration
c. Threat and hazard analysis
d. Logistics management and resource support
A core function implemented during an emergency is logistics management and resource support. So, option d is correct.
Logistics management and resource support are essential during emergencies to ensure the effective coordination and distribution of necessary resources to response and recovery operations.
This function involves the planning, acquisition, transportation, storage, and distribution of critical resources, such as food, water, medical supplies, equipment, and personnel, to the affected areas.
During an emergency, logistics management ensures that resources are allocated efficiently and effectively to meet the immediate needs of the affected population.
This includes establishing supply chains, coordinating transportation logistics, managing inventory, and overseeing distribution networks. The goal is to ensure that the right resources are available at the right place and time to support response and recovery efforts.
Logistics management also involves maintaining situational awareness to track resource utilization, identify gaps, and adapt the distribution process accordingly.
It requires collaboration and coordination with various stakeholders, including government agencies, non-governmental organizations, private sector partners, and community organizations.
While public education and information (option a), finance and administration (option b), and threat and hazard analysis (option c) are also important functions during emergencies, logistics management and resource support directly address the operational aspect of delivering essential resources and services to those in need.
It plays a vital role in ensuring the smooth functioning of response and recovery operations, enabling effective emergency management and assistance to affected communities.
So, option d is correct.
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Dr. Adams is conducting a study about the relationship between short stature and shyness. Dr. Adams defines "short stature" as being 2 or more inches below the average height for an adult of one's gender. Dr. Adams' description of shortness is an example of a(n) _____ definition.
Experimental,
Correlational,
Operational, OR
Theoretical
Dr. Adams' description of "short stature" as being 2 or more inches below the average height for an adult of one's gender is an example of an operational definition.
An operational definition defines a concept or variable in terms of the specific procedures or operations used to measure or manipulate it. In this case, Dr. Adams has operationally defined "short stature" by specifying a numerical criteria (2 or more inches below average height) that can be objectively measured. This allows for clear identification and classification of individuals based on their height relative to the average.
The other options, experimental, correlational, and theoretical, do not accurately describe the type of definition provided by Dr. Adams. Experimental refers to a study design that involves manipulation of variables, correlational refers to the measurement of relationships between variables, and theoretical refers to concepts or ideas that are based on theories or hypotheses.
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When a company issues 33,000 shares of $4 par value common stock for $40 per share, the journal entry for this issuance would include a:
Multiple Choice
Debit to Cash for $132,000.
Credit to Additional Paid-in Capital for $1,188,000.
Credit to Common Stock for $1,320,000.
Debit to Additional Paid-in Capital for $132,000
The correct answer is (C).When a company issues 33,000 shares of $4 par value common stock for $40 per share, the journal entry for this issuance would include a credit to Common Stock for $1,320,000.
The common stock is an equity account that represents the par value of stock issued to shareholders. When a company issues 33,000 shares of $4 par value common stock for $40 per share, the entry includes a credit to Common Stock for $1,320,000 ($4 par value × 33,000 shares).The entry to record the issuance of common stock is:Debit Cash (33,000 × $40)$1,320,000Credit Common Stock (33,000 × $4)$132,000Credit Additional Paid-in Capital$1,188,000
herefore, the correct answer is option C: Credit to Common Stock for $1,320,000.(C)
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Competencies of the Project Manager that refers to how the project manager behaves when performing the project or related activity. o Performance competencies o Personal competencies o Knowledge competencies
The success of a project depends on the efficiency and effectiveness of the project manager. The project manager's competency refers to the set of abilities and skills needed to handle the project and ensure its success. Competency is the combination of knowledge, skills, and behavior that enables an individual to perform effectively and efficiently in a job. A project manager must be competent in three critical areas: performance competencies, personal competencies, and knowledge competencies.
Performance Competencies: These are the abilities and skills needed to perform specific job-related tasks. A project manager must be competent in planning, organizing, directing, controlling, and managing the project. He or she must have excellent communication skills, including the ability to communicate effectively with the stakeholders, team members, and clients. The project manager must be able to identify the risks associated with the project and develop mitigation strategies.
Personal Competencies: Personal competencies refer to the character traits, behavior, and attitude of the project manager. A project manager must be proactive, self-motivated, and accountable. He or she must possess excellent leadership qualities and must be able to inspire, motivate, and influence team members to work towards achieving the project goals. The project manager must be flexible, adaptable, and open to feedback.
Knowledge Competencies: Knowledge competencies refer to the project manager's knowledge and expertise in project management. A project manager must have a solid understanding of the project management framework, including the project life cycle, project phases, and project methodologies. He or she must have in-depth knowledge of project management tools and techniques, including risk management, quality management, and project scheduling.
In conclusion, a project manager's competency is a critical factor in the success of a project. Performance, personal, and knowledge competencies are essential in ensuring that the project is completed efficiently and effectively. Therefore, a project manager must possess a broad range of competencies to handle the challenges associated with the project.
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University of Florida football programs are printed 1 week prior to each home game. Attendance averages 75,000 screaming and loyal Gators fans, of whom two-thirds usually buy the program, following a normal distribution, for $5 each. Unsold programs are sent to recycling center that pays only 10 cents per program. The standard deviation is 5,000 programs, and the cost to print each program is $2. Refer to the standard normal table for z-values. a) What is the cost of underestimating demand for each program? Cs = $___ (round your response to two decimal places). b) What is the overage cost per program? Co = $___ (round your response to two decimal places). c) How many programs should be ordered per game? ____ programs should be ordered per game (round your response to the nearest whole number). d) What is the stockout risk for this order size? Stockout risk = ____ (round your response to four decimal places).
a) Cost of underestimating demand (Cs) = $0.000001434
b) Overage cost per program (Co) = $0.000001434
c) Programs to be ordered per game = 75,000
d) Stockout risk = 0.5000
To solve this problem, we need to use the concept of normal distribution and z-values. Let's calculate the values step by step:
a) The cost of underestimating demand for each program (Cs) is the cost incurred when there is a shortage of programs. In this case, the shortage occurs when the number of programs sold is less than two-thirds of the attendance.
To find the z-value corresponding to the two-thirds attendance level, we need to calculate the standard score (z-score) using the formula:
z = (x - μ) / σ
Where:
x = two-thirds of the average attendance = (2/3) * 75,000 = 50,000 programs
μ = mean = average attendance = 75,000 programs
σ = standard deviation = 5,000 programs
z = (50,000 - 75,000) / 5,000
z = -25,000 / 5,000
z = -5
Using the standard normal table, the z-value of -5 corresponds to an extremely small probability of 0.0000002867.
The cost of underestimating demand for each program is given by:
Cs = probability of shortage * cost per program
= 0.0000002867 * $5
= $0.000001434
b) The overage cost per program (Co) is the cost incurred when there is an excess of programs. In this case, the excess occurs when the number of programs sold is greater than two-thirds of the attendance.
To find the z-value corresponding to the two-thirds attendance level, we need to calculate the standard score (z-score) using the same formula as in part a:
z = (x - μ) / σ
x = two-thirds of the average attendance = 50,000 programs
μ = mean = 75,000 programs
σ = standard deviation = 5,000 programs
z = (50,000 - 75,000) / 5,000
z = -25,000 / 5,000
z = -5
Using the standard normal table, the z-value of -5 corresponds to an extremely small probability of 0.0000002867.
The cost of average for each program is given by:
Co = probability of excess * cost per program
= 0.0000002867 * $5
= $0.000001434
c) To determine the number of programs that should be ordered per game, we need to find the point where the probability of excess is minimized. This occurs when the z-value is zero, representing the mean.
Using the formula:
z = (x - μ) / σ
Setting z = 0, we can solve for x:
0 = (x - 75,000) / 5,000
x - 75,000 = 0
x = 75,000
d) The stockout risk for this order size can be determined by finding the probability of shortage when ordering the number of programs calculated in part c (75,000 programs).
Using the formula:
z = (x - μ) / σ
x = 75,000 programs
μ = mean = 75,000 programs
σ = standard deviation = 5,000 programs
z = (75,000 - 75,000) / 5,000
z = 0
Using the standard normal table, the z-value of 0 corresponds to a probability of 0.5 (50%).
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Floating rate preferred stock [LO17-5] Barnes Air Conditioning Inc. has two classes of preferred stock: floating rate preferred stock and straight (normal) preferred stock. Both issues have a par value of $100. The floating rate preferred stock pays an annual dividend yield of 8 percent, and the straight preferred stock pays 9 percent. Since the issuance of the two securities, interest rates have gone up by 1.00 percent for each issue. Both securities will pay their year-end dividend today. a. What is the price of the floating rate preferred stock most likely to be? (Do not round Intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places.) Price k b. What is the price of the straight preferred stock likely to be? (Do not round Intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places) Price
a. The price of the floating rate preferred stock is $103.02 and b. the price of the straight preferred stock is $100.Both the floating rate preferred stock and the straight preferred stock of Barnes Air Conditioning Inc. have a par value of $100. The annual dividend yield on the floating rate preferred stock is 8%, and the annual dividend yield on the straight preferred stock is 9%.Interest rates have increased by 1% for both securities since their issuance. As a result, both securities will pay their year-end dividends today.
a. The price of the floating rate preferred stock is $103.02 and b. the price of the straight preferred stock is $100.Both the floating rate preferred stock and the straight preferred stock of Barnes Air Conditioning Inc. have a par value of $100. The annual dividend yield on the floating rate preferred stock is 8%, and the annual dividend yield on the straight preferred stock is 9%.Interest rates have increased by 1% for both securities since their issuance. As a result, both securities will pay their year-end dividends today.Floating rate preferred stock (FRPS) and Straight Preferred stock (SPS) have different pricing structures. The formula for pricing floating rate preferred stock is as follows:Price of FRPS = Annual dividend / Required rate of returnRequired rate of return = Annual dividend yield + 1% (since interest rates have gone up by 1.00% for each issue)Therefore, the price of the floating rate preferred stock is calculated as follows:Price of FRPS = $8.00 / 0.09Price of FRPS = $88.89Price of FRPS after interest rate increase = $8.00 / 0.10Price of FRPS after interest rate increase = $80.00Therefore, the price of the floating rate preferred stock most likely to be $80.00.The formula for the pricing of Straight Preferred stock is as follows:Price of SPS = Annual dividend / Required rate of returnRequired rate of return = Annual dividend yieldTherefore, the price of the straight preferred stock is calculated as follows:Price of SPS = $9.00 / 0.09Price of SPS = $100.00Price of SPS after interest rate increase = $9.00 / 0.10Price of SPS after interest rate increase = $90.00Therefore, the price of the straight preferred stock likely to be $90.00.
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3. Explain on:
a) Stake holders.
b) Social development.
c) Corporate social responsibility.
4. How corporates could be responsible to stake holders?
Please give all the question answer please.....
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a business approach that seeks to minimize negative effects and maximize positive impacts on society and the environment.
It is a form of self-regulation in which businesses proactively participate in activities that promote social welfare and environmental protection. It involves the integration of ethical, social and environmental considerations into business strategies, operations and decision-making processes.
The concept of CSR encompasses a wide range of activities, such as philanthropy, volunteerism, environmental sustainability, ethical labor practices, responsible supply chain management, and community development.
It involves companies taking responsibility for the impact of their actions on stakeholders, including customers, employees, suppliers, communities, and the environment. CSR is important because it promotes sustainable business practices that are good for society, the environment, and the long-term success of the business.
It helps companies build strong relationships with stakeholders, enhance their reputation and brand image, attract and retain employees, and reduce risk and cost associated with negative social and environmental impacts.
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Which of the following statements best explains why accrual basis net income does not equal the cash flows from operating activities? GAAP does not impact how transactions are recorded under the accru
The reason why accrual basis net income does not equal the cash flows from operating activities is rooted in the distinction between cash basis and accrual basis accounting methods. Under accrual basis accounting, revenues and expenses are recognized when they are earned or incurred, regardless of the timing of cash transactions. In contrast, cash basis accounting recognizes revenues and expenses only when money is received or paid.
For instance, if a business makes a sale on credit, accrual basis accounting would record the sale as revenue when the products are delivered, even if the customer has yet to make the payment.
This results in recognizing revenue in the income statement, increasing net income, while the corresponding cash inflow occurs at a later date when the customer pays.
Due to these differences in timing, net income on an accrual basis may differ from the cash flows from operating activities calculated using the indirect method.
Accrual basis net income can be higher or lower than the cash flows, depending on the timing of revenue and expense recognition and the associated cash transactions.
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The stock of Louis Ltd is currently selling at R55 per share and investors expect a 11.6% rate of return on the stock. The return is equally divided between the dividend yield and capital gain yield. If the firm is expected to maintain a payout ratio of 0.36, what is the firm's latest earnings per share?
The firm's latest earnings per share is R8.86.
What is the firm's latest earnings per share?To find the earnings per share (EPS), we can use the dividend yield formula: Dividend Yield = Dividends per Share / Stock Price
Since return is equally divided between the dividend yield and capital gain yield, the total rate of return is 11.6%. This means the dividend yield is:
= 11.6% / 2.
= 5.8%
Dividends per Share = Dividend Yield * Stock Price
Dividends per Share = 0.058 * R55
Dividends per Share = R3.19
Dividends per Share = 0.36 * EPS
R3.19 = 0.36 * EPS
EPS = R3.19 / 0.36
EPS ≈ R8.86.
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