how are recent changes to the cryosphere and oceans similar to natural changes to the cryosphere and oceans when going from a glacial period to an interglacial period?

Answer:This entry focuses on the number of births per woman in a population. The most commonly used metric is the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) – or often simply ‘fertility rate’ – which measures the average number of children per woman.1

The global average fertility rate is around 2.3 children per woman today. Over the last 50 years the global fertility rate has halved. And over the course of the modernization of societies the number of children per woman decreases very substantially. In the pre-modern era fertility rates of 4.5 to 7 children per woman were common. At that time the very high mortality at a young age kept population growth low. As health improves and the mortality in the population decreases we typically saw accelerated population growth. This rapid population growth then comes to an end as the fertility rate declines and approaches 2 children per woman.2

The first section of the entry presents the global empirical perspective on the number of children per woman. The long second section presents the academic research that answers the question why the number of children per woman declined. Particularly important are 1) the empowerment of women in society and in relationships – through education, labor force participation, and strengthened women’s rights – and 2) the increased well-being and status of children.

Explanation:

The global total fertility rate, or average number of children a woman is estimated to have in her life, has been falling since the 1960s. Today, the total fertility rate (or TFR) is half of what it was five decades ago. But while women overall are having fewer children than in the past, total fertility rates still vary greatly among countries. Why, when, and if a woman has a child involves many complex societal, economic, and political factors.

Answer:

Springs are often confused with flowing artesian wells. An artesian well is a hole or boring that has been drilled into a water-bearing formation or "aquifer" that is under pressure. The water in an artesian well rises above the top of the aquifer (water-bearing formation) until the pressure is equalized

Explanation:

Answer:

The unsuccessful August 1991 coup against Gorbachev sealed the fate of the Soviet Union. Planned by hard-line Communists, the coup diminished Gorbachev's power and propelled Yeltsin and the democratic forces to the forefront of Soviet and Russian politics.

Explanation:

In September the arctic sea ice extent is normally at its lowest

What is the connection to seasonal cycles?

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Answer: x=70

Explanation: Trust me

The ways that erosions affect the lives of humans are:

There is decreased capacity of the soil to store nutrients and water. subsoil exposure, which frequently has undesirable physical and chemical characteristics. greater runoff rates, wasting water and nutrients that would have been used to cultivate crops. newly planted crops are lost

Beyond the loss of agricultural land, soil erosion has other negative repercussions. In streams and rivers, it has increased pollution and sedimentation, blocking these waterways and resulting in a loss in fish and other species. Additionally, deteriorated soils are frequently less able to retain water, which can make floods worse.

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Precambrian geologic epoch was described in the chapter before there were many animals with hard parts.

The "Age of Early Life" was the Precambrian (before to 541 million years ago). Oceans around the planet were home to worms and jellyfish, among other soft-bodied animals. The landscape remained sterile. Simple creatures, microbes, and stromatolite mats are typical Precambrian fossils.

Trilobites, a group of over 600 genera of mud-burrowing scavengers, predominated during the end of the Cambrian Period. The Cambrian Period is when multicellular animal fossils first began to appear, and this profusion of evidence for sophisticated life is frequently referred to as the "Cambrian Explosion."

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During the Industrial Revolution, which took place in the 18th century, scientific and technological advancements led to the industrialization of rural, agrarian cultures, particularly those in Europe and North America.

The Industrial Revolution began in earnest in Britain in the 1830s and 1840s, but certain improvements were created as early as the 1700s.

It quickly expanded to the rest of the world, including the United States. Modern historians frequently refer to this period as the First Industrial Revolution to distinguish it from the second phase of industrialization that occurred from the late 19th to early 20th century and witnessed tremendous advancements in the steel, electric, and car industries.

Beginning in the middle of the eighteenth century, inventions like the spinning jenny (a wooden frame with numerous spindles), the flying shuttle, the water frame, and the power loom greatly simplified the process of weaving cloth and spinning yarn and thread.

Cloth production became more time and labor-efficient and required much less human labor.

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Answer:

Indonesia, Sumatra, and Japan, Tōhoku, suffered the deadliest earthquakes in the 21st century

Explanation:

I believe you meant 21st century. If you meant 20th, then the answer is China and Japan bud. They suffered more than 10,000 fatalities, which is absurd.

Our Moon reflects rather than shines. The Moon is illuminated by sunlight in the same way that it is here on Earth during the day. We just don't always notice it.

A new Moon is formed when sunlight strikes the Moon's far side, which we cannot see without the assistance of a spacecraft from Earth. A full Moon occurs when sunlight reflects off the near side.

The rest of the month, we see portions of the Moon's daytime side, or phases.

These eight phases are: new Moon, waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full Moon, waning gibbous, third quarter, and waning crescent, in that order. The cycle occurs once a month (every 29.5 days).

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Answer:

At the start of the Quaternary, the continents were just about where they are today, slowing inching here and there as the forces of plate tectonics push and tug them about. But throughout the period, the planet has wobbled on its path around the sun. The slight shifts cause ice ages to come and go.

A wise response is to choose (a). The length that is missing from the right triangle according to the Pythagorean Theorem is equal to √117.

In a right-angled triangle, the square of the hypotenuse side is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides, according to Pythagoras's Theorem.

Using the sum of the areas of three intersecting squares, the Pythagorean Theorem shows how to get the side lengths of a right triangle. This theorem is an extremely useful technique that forms the basis for more complicated trigonometry concepts like the inverse of the Pythagorean theorem.

Assume that the triangle ABC has sides measuring a, b, and c, and that [tex]a^{2} + b^{2} = c^{2}[/tex]. A second triangle with sides of lengths a and b and a right angle should be built. The hypotenuse of this triangle has length c = √[tex](a^{2} + b^{2})[/tex], matching the length of the hypotenuse of the first triangle according to the Pythagorean theorem.

We will use the Pythagorean Theorem to the following problem to identify the right-angled triangle's missing side.

[tex]c^{2} = a^{2} + b^{2}[/tex]

c = √[tex](a^{2} + b^{2} )[/tex]

c= √[tex](6^{2} + 9^{2} )[/tex]

c = √(36 + 81)

c= √117

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In sub-Saharan Africa, teenage girls and young women account for 25% of new HIV infections.Women account for 56% of infections among adults, which is a result of gender disparities, limited access to healthcare and educational opportunities, and poverty, among other factors.

According to the WHO, reducing new infections will require increased condom usage, long-lasting initiatives to promote changes in sexual behavior, accessible means of infection prevention in high-risk populations, and extended mother-to-child transmission prevention therapies.

All things considered, maintaining the advancements Africa has made thus far and achieving the world's development goals will depend on targeted policies, strong leadership from governments and civil society, and involvement of individuals living with HIV.

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Answer:

Your answer should include information about the Global Fund, which is the international fund developed in 2001 to raise money to fight HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis (TB), and malaria.

Your answer should include information about the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), which started in 2003 and has raised billions of dollars to combat AIDS, TB, and malaria in Africa and other countries.

Your answer could provide information about the supply of preventative care, such as funding for or shipments of condoms and antiretroviral drugs.

Explanation:

this is the answer from edmentum (not a full answer)

Valles Marineris is the most striking example of option d a rift valley.

The rift valley is linear lowland that is created between mountain ranges or highlands. These are formed by extensive subterranean forces pulling apart the upper crust or lithosphere.

Valles Marineris is named after the Mariner 9 Mars orbiter of 1971-1972. It is present in the Tharsis region of Mars. It is also popular as one of the largest canyons of the solar system.

Valles Marineris is located at the equator of Mars, near the Tharsis bulge of Mars. It is 4000 km long, 7 km deep, and 200 meters wide. It has also been suggested that it could be a large tectonic crack on Mars.

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Answer:In 1997, College of Oregon scientist Gregory Retallack revealed finding raised iridium levels and stunned quartz precious stones in Permian-Triassic rocks indications of an effect.

Explanation:The end-Permian mass eradication is the biggest of the Phanerozoic. In the quick fallout the marine environment was overwhelmed by microbial and networks with catastrophe taxa. Conceivable kill system incorporates an incredibly quick, unstable arrival of gases like carbon dioxide, methane and hydrogen sulfide. Siberian flood volcanism has been recommended as the most conceivable component to set off the monstrous arrival of ozone depleting substances from volcanic ejections and connection of magmas with carbon from thick natural rich stores or quick venting of coal-determined methane or enormous ignition of coal. A sharp Î'13C isotopic outing, quick vanishing of carbonate benthic networks and Î'18O information from conodont apatite recommend fast an unnatural weather change. The end Permian mass elimination happened in under 200,000 years.

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Due to their abundant natural resources, both nations are top industrial and agricultural powers.

Large forests, fertile soils, abundant water resources, and important quantities of iron ore, nickel, copper, gold, silver, and uranium are all present in the United States and Canada.

Both nations also have large coal, natural gas, and oil reserves as well as well-established distribution networks for these energy-producing fossil fuels.

The majority of academics concur that industrialization explains why wealthy countries have succeeded while remaining destitute ones have never successfully industrialized.

The United States and Canada are two wealthy countries that also happen to be among the top industrialized nations in the globe.

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Some scientists argue that we are in a new Anthropocene epoch, that is characterized by transformations in the earth primarily caused by geologic forces. Thus, the given statement is true.

The main argument of the Anthropocene epoch is that, from a geological perspective, humans are considered a main force of nature, thus expressing that the current geological epoch is dominated by human activities.

The Anthropocene is a new, present-day epoch in which scientists argue that humans have significantly altered the Earth through their activities. These changes include habitat loss, global warming,  animal extinctions, and changes in the chemical constitution of the atmosphere, oceans, and soil.

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Imagine that you’re a student who lives in Miami, Florida, and your family has decided that it’s time to move to a new home. an example of external migration is moving to Mexico. Option D

Generally, Migration to a foreign state, nation, or continent is an example of external migration.

Emigration is the process of moving from one nation to another. The process of relocating to a new nation is known as immigration. Return migration is the process of going back to the place from where one originated.

In conclusion, Imagine that you are a student who currently resides in Miami, Florida, and that your family has come to the conclusion that it is time for all of you to relocate to a different residence. Moving to Mexico is an example of migration to a different country. The D Option

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Answer: D) moving to Mexico

Explanation:

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The kind of drainage network that is likely to form in a landscape underlain by a uniform substrate with a shallow slope is the dendritic pattern.

A drainage network is an interconnected group of streams that collects water over a large area. There are at least five major patterns of drainage network:

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Using the features of karst, we got sinkhole is the karst feature shown by the problem 13 placemark.

Karst is the type of landscape where the dissolving of the bedrock has created sinkholes, sinking streams, caves, springs, and the other characteristic features. Karst is associated with the soluble rock types such as limestone, marble, and gypsum. In general, the typical karst landscape forms when much of the water falling on  surface interacts with and enters the subsurface through cracks, fractures, and the holes that have been dissolved into  bedrock. After traveling underground, sometimes for long distances, this water is then discharged from the springs, many of which are cave entrances.

Hence, the karst feature shown in the problem 13 placemark is sinkhole.

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Two predictive methods to reduce the impact of coastal flooding are natural dune system and seawalls.

What is a Seawall?

A seawall is a type of coastal defence built where the water and related coastal processes directly affect the coastline's landforms. A seawall is built to shield populated regions, natural areas, and recreational places from the effects of tides, waves, and tsunamis. In order to shield the inland region from wave action and stop coastal erosion, a seawall is a structure composed of concrete, masonry, or sheet piling that is built parallel to the shore at the transition between the beach and the mainland or dune. A seawall is often a large structure built to withstand storm surges.

Hence, Two predictive methods to reduce the impact of coastal flooding are natural dune system and seawalls.

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Answer:

The two most important factors in the climate of an area are temperature and precipitation. The yearly average temperature of the area is obviously important, but the yearly range in temperature is also important. Some areas have a much larger range between highest and lowest temperature than other areas.

Answer:

The lakes—Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, and Ontario—are located in east-central North America and provide a natural border between Canada and the United States

Rocks, minerals, and soils disintegrate through a process known as physical weathering, sometimes known as mechanical weathering. Abrasion is the main physical weathering process (the process by which clasts and other particles are reduced in size).

Temperature, pressure, frost, root movement, and burrowing animals can all cause physical deterioration. For instance, physical weathering will expose more surface area through the use of fractures, speeding up the pace of deterioration.

Around the world, gorges, ravines, and valleys are formed by processes of water, ice, and wind that are laden with silt. Huge flowing ice masses packed with soil and rock fragments in glacial regions transport away vast quantities of materials while crushing rocks in their course. Rocks can disintegrate to some extent when plant roots squeeze into cracks and tear them apart. Animal burrowing can also contribute to the disintegration of rocks.

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Answer:

I know this answer might be late but for users who are taking the Earth Lithosphere unit test, the answer is:

The breaking of rock into smaller pieces form nonchemical pro

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When occurring in the western pacific they are known as typhoons.

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Hot summers is not a reason that % of the world's population live between 20 degrees N and 60 degrees of N latitude .

What are the 4 reasons for population distribution ?

Understanding the patterns of population settlement across the nation is one of the main outcomes of a population census. The spatial distribution of Cambodia's population, as revealed by the 2008 Census of Cambodia.

Multiple uses may be made of population distribution data among administrative regions. They often serve as the foundation for choosing the electoral districts. They offer the fundamental information needed to calculate population estimates and are helpful in relation to social, economic, and administrative planning.

Density and population distribution are two ideas that go hand in hand, therefore it makes sense to talk about them in the same chapter. However, the two ideas are unlike since distribution depends on location and density depends on ratio.

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An upright open symmetrical fold forms, an inclined asymmetrical fold forms, an overturned fold forms, a recumbent fold forms, a thrust fault forms, a large-offset thrust sheet develops a nappe.

A rock sheet called Nappe is one that has been transported far from its initial location by tectonic pressures. A thrust sheet or similar block of rock that has moved more than 2 km from its original location as a result of tectonic processes is what is referred to as this phenomenon.

Tectonic movements: what are they?

According to the widely recognised scientific hypothesis known as plate tectonics, the Earth's lithosphere is made up of many sizable tectonic plates that have been steadily moving for nearly 3.4 billion years.

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