Direct costs are costs that are directly associated with producing and selling products and services, while indirect costs are those that are not directly related to production or sales.
Managers use a variety of methods to determine which costs are direct or indirect, such as analyzing individual purchase orders, classifying costs into categories of labor, materials, or overhead expenses, or comparing the cost to similar products.
When analyzing individual purchase orders, managers often look for specific details about the cost, such as whether or not it is subject to volume discounts or needs to be reordered frequently.
Additionally, managers may look for whether the cost is used to directly produce a product or service, or if it helps maintain production. For
example, if the purchase order is for a machine used to produce widgets, it would be classified as a direct cost. However, if the purchase order is for a computer used in the office, it would be classified as an indirect cost.
Managers may also classify costs into categories of labor, materials, or overhead expenses. Labor costs are those associated with training, hiring, and paying employees.
Materials costs are those associated with the purchase of raw materials used to produce a product or service. Overhead expenses are those related to running a business, such as rent, utilities, and insurance. By looking at the type of cost, managers can more easily identify which costs are direct or indirect.
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A bond rated AAA has a current market price of $800, a coupon interest rate of 10%, and a 10-year maturity. Interest is paid SEMIANNUALLY. If the bond's par value is $1,000
Suppose the investor expects to sell the bond 5 years from now for $900. What is the investor's holding period yield?
about 7%
about 10%
14.3%
15.02%
The face value of a $1000 bill is fv. =rate (16,50, -1251.22,1000) =3.00%. Annual yield is 3.00%*2=6.00% while the semi-annual yield to maturity is 3.00%.
The rate function in Excel can be used to calculate the yield to maturity as illustrated below: =rate(nper,pmt,-pv,fv), nper is the quantity of 8 years' worth of interest payments. The annual interest payment is equal to $1000 multiplied by 10% for a total of $100. pv is the price of $1,251.22 right now. The face value of a $1000 bill is fv. =rate (8,100, -1251.22,1000) =5.96%. Periodic coupon: The number of semi-annual interest payments is nper, which is 8*2=16. The PMT, or semi-annual interest payment, is calculated as follows: $1000 * 10% * 6/12 = $50. pv is the price of $1,251.22 right now. The face value of a $1000 bill is fv. =rate (16,50, -1251.22,1000) =3.00%. Annual yield is 3.00%*2=6.00% while the semi-annual yield to maturity is 3.00%.
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in a short essay describe the four elements management must consider when compensat-ing expatriates
For compensating expatriates, the management should consider their cost of living allowance, taxation, benefits, as well as cultural differences.
Compensating expatriates is a complex process that requires careful consideration of several key elements. In order to ensure that expatriates are adequately compensated and motivated to perform their duties abroad, managers must consider the following four elements:
1. Cost of Living Allowance: The cost of living in the host country may be significantly different from that of the home country, making it necessary to provide a cost of living allowance to cover expenses such as housing, food, and transportation.
2. Taxation: The tax laws of the host country must be taken into account when determining compensation, as taxes may be higher or lower than in the home country.
3. Benefits: Expatriates may also require additional benefits, such as health insurance, to cover their needs while working abroad.
4. Cultural differences: Different cultural attitudes towards compensation and benefits must be considered, as what is considered adequate compensation in one country may not be the same in another.
By considering these four elements, managers can ensure that expatriates are adequately compensated and motivated to perform their duties, leading to improved productivity and a successful assignment.
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What is the value of the government spending multiplier if marginal propensity to consume is 0.6?A. 0.1333B. 0.4C. 1.333D. 2.5
The investment multiplier is the margin by which growth in output or income outpaces growth in investment.
It is determined as the ratio of changes in investment and income, and it is denoted by the letter "k."
Multiplier(k): Change in income/Change in investment = 1/ 1-MPC, where c is the marginal propensity to consume (c).
If Multiplier(k)=1/(1-0.6)=1/0.4=10/4=2.5 times, MPC equals 0.6.
Therefore, 2.5 is the investment multiplier.
if MPC > mps (MPS = 0.4 and MPC = 0.6), the value of the investment multiplier CASE 2: Since this statement cannot always be true, it is false when MPC > MPS (MPS = 0.1 and MPC = 0.9), which results in the investment multiplier's value.
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the mm model with corporate taxes is the same as the miller model, but with zero personal taxes. a. true b. false
The mm model with corporate taxes is the same as the miller model, but with zero personal taxes. - False
In financial and economic research, the Modigliani-Miller (M&M) Theorem is used to assess the value of a firm, such as a company or business. According to the M&M theorem, a company is worth what it can generate in revenue plus the risk associated with the assets that make up its foundation. Therefore, a firm's worth shouldn't be impacted by how it finances its operations.
Even if both models solely take into account business taxes, the MM model with them is distinct from the Miller model. The Miller model does not include any form of taxation, however, the MM model with corporate taxes takes into account the impact of corporation taxes on the cost of capital, investment, and the value of a firm.
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purchases at the point of sale are also called:
The streamlined technique is used to calculate Emily's pension from the maple businesses' taxable income.
Earned and unearned income is regarded as taxable income. Forgiven debts, government benefits (such unemployment and disability payments), strike benefits, and lottery winners are some examples of unearned income that is taxed. Dividends, interest, and the proceeds from the sale of assets that have increased in value over the course of the year are all examples of taxable income. You can use itemized deductions to cover expenses like mortgage interest, overage medical expenses (7.5% of your AGI), and other items. A business does not precisely identify its revenue as taxable income while paying its taxes. Instead, they subtract their operating expenses from their revenues to determine their net profit. They subtract from their income in order to calculate their taxable income.
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the return that the bondholder will earn on a bond if he or she buys it at its current market price, receives all coupon and principal payments as promised, and holds the bond to maturity is the
The Yield to Maturity would be the come back on a bond that such a bondholder could well receive if he or she she purchases it at the current market price, expects to receive all coupon as well as principal payments just like promised, as well as holds the bond until maturity.
The yield to maturity (YTM) book yield, as well as redemption yield, of a bond or other fixed-income security, including gilts, is an estimate of the total return rate expected to be garnered by an investor who wishes to purchase a bond at a specific current price, holds this until maturity, as well as receives all interest expenses as well as capital redemption even though scheduled.
It represents the discount rate that occurs when the bond's market valuation and the capital appreciation among all bond-related cash flows (principal as well as coupon payments) seem to be equal.
Although market convention prevails, the YTM is frequently expressed in the form of Annual Percentage (A.P.R.). In a number of major markets
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The product owner must be present during at least the first half of sprint planning meeting.
Mark one answer:
A. True
B. False
B.
option A is correct. The product owner must be present during at least the first half of sprint planning meeting. The answer is True.
According to Scrum methodology, the product owner is a crucial member of the development team and is responsible for ensuring that the team is working on the most valuable items in the product backlog. The product owner is responsible for communicating the goals and objectives of the project to the team, as well as providing them with a clear understanding of what the stakeholders want.
During the sprint planning meeting, the product owner plays a key role in ensuring that the team has a clear understanding of the user stories and the requirements for each sprint. They must be present during at least the first half of the sprint planning meeting to provide the team with all of the necessary information, answer questions, and provide clarification on any uncertainties.
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Although required to disclose material facts, which fact could a licensee be prohibited from disclosing unless the prospective buyer inquired about it specifically?
A) What the property is actually worth on the market
B) That the windows will need to be replaced
C) That a racial minority lives in the property
D) How much the utilities cost on a monthly basis
Although required to disclose material facts, which fact could a licensee be prohibited from disclosing unless the prospective buyer inquired about That a racial minority lives in the property. In this case, Option C is correct.
As a component of an agreement between those parties, a license is given by one party (the licensor) to another party (the licensee). When a government license is required, an application must be submitted in order to obtain one.
When a private party is involved, it is through a specific agreement, which is typically in writing (like a lease or other contract). The simplest definition is "A license is a promise not to sue," because a license typically either allows the party who holds it to engage in an activity that would be illegal and punishable by law without the license.
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Which of the following is not a qualitative forecast?A. Executive opinionsB. Sales force opinionsC. Time-series forecastD. All of the above
Option C. Time-series forecast is not a qualitative forecast, whereas Executive opinions and Sales force opinions are qualitative forecast.
Making scientific projections based on information with past time stamps is known as time series forecasting. It entails creating models through historical study, using them to draw conclusions and guide strategic decision-making in the future.
The term "executive opinion" refers to the executives of an industry's primary projections. The company's sales are forecasted generally by averaging the individual CEO sales estimates.
With the Sales Force Opinion technique, salesmen or intermediates are in charge of estimating sales targets that are particular to their areas of responsibility at a given time.
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what are the contemporary approaches to management? multiple select question. scientific management high-performance practices learning organizations shared value and sustainable development evidence-based management
The contemporary approaches to management are:
Scientific managementHigh-performance practicesLearning organizationsShared value and sustainable development Evidence-based managementWhat is management?Whether it's a company, a nonprofit, or a government agency, management is the administration of the institution. It is both the science and the art of managing a company's resources.
Management is the act of organizing, directing, motivating, and managing an organization's information, financial, physical, and human resources in order to efficiently and successfully accomplish its objectives.
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Suppose two countries, Canada and Mexico, produce two goods, timber and televisions. Assume that land is specific to timber, capital is specific to televisions, and labor is free to move between the two industries. When Canada and Mexico engage in free trade, the relative price of televisions falls in Canada and the relative price of timber falls in Mexico. 1) In a figure similar to the one we showed in class, show how the wage changes in Canada due to a fall in the price of televisions, holding constant the price of timber. Can we predict that change in the real wage? 2) What is the impact of opening trade on the rentals on capital and land in dla hat hange in aretals on capital 3) What is the impact of opening trade on the rentals on capital and land in Mexico? Can we predict that change in the real rentals on capital and land? 4) In each country, has the specific factor in the export industry gained or lost and has the specific factor in the import industry gained or lost?
The fall in the relative price of televisions in Canada will lead to a shift in labor from the timber industry to the television industry.
This will increase the supply of labor in the television industry and decrease the supply of labor in the timber industry, resulting in a decrease in the wage rate in the television industry and an increase in the wage rate in the timber industry.
The opening of trade will result in a decrease in the rental rate on capital in the television industry in Canada, as the decrease in the relative price of televisions will lead to a decrease in the demand for capital.
In Mexico, the opening of trade will result in an increase in the rental rate on land in the timber industry, as the decrease in the relative price of timber will lead to an increase in the demand for land.
In Canada, the specific factor in the television industry (capital) has lost, while the specific factor in the timber industry (land) has gained. These changes reflect the relative changes in demand for the specific factors of production in the two countries.
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a company requires nadine lustre to perform during their charity event in exchange for publicity and exposure. what kind of reciprocity exists in the scenario?
In the given scenario the company is trying to get better than its rival by using Negative reciprocity a psychological phenomena.
In psychology Reciprocity is the practise of trading goods with others in a way that is mutually beneficial. Repaying someone for something they do for you is required according to the social rule of reciprocity, commonly referred to as the norm of reciprocity. Negative reciprocity occurs when one party to the transaction seeks to gain more from it than the other. The sale of a desperately needed item at a hefty price is one example of negative reciprocity.
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if a broker quotes a price of 111.25 for a bond on september 10, what amount will a client pay per $1000 face value? the 7oupon rate is payable on may 15 and november 15 of each year.
If a client wants to purchase $10,000 worth of the bond (Price bond), they would pay $1112.50 (10 * $111.25).
The amount a client would pay per $1000 face value for a bond (price bond) with a quoted price of 111.25 and a 7% coupon rate payable on May 15 and November 15 of each year depends on several factors, including the time to the next coupon payment and the length of the bond's term.
The exact amount a client would pay per $1,000 face value of the bond depends on several factors, such as the bond's yield-to-maturity, the time to the next coupon payment, and the length of the bond's term. To determine the flat price, one would need to calculate the bond's yield-to-maturity and use that to calculate its present value.
Assuming that the quoted price of 111.25 is the bond's flat price and that the coupon rate is 7%, the amount a client would pay per $1,000 face value of the bond would be $111.25. This means that if a client wants to purchase $10,000 worth of the bond, they would pay $1112.50 (10 * $111.25).
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you move from the united states, where the price of gasoline is $2.40 per gallon, to kuwait, where the government subsidizes gasoline so the price is only $1.27 per gallon. will your quantity demanded rise or fall?
The quantity demanded will rise as the government subsidized the price of gasoline from $2.40 per gallon to $1.27 per gallon.
A subsidy is a benefit provided by the government to some groups or individuals in the form of some incentives like cash payment, tax reduction, etc.
In economic terms, a subsidy creates a wedge between the price paid by consumers(decreasing it) and the price received by the producers (increasing it) with the government incurring the expenditure. As a result, consumers will demand more because of the price reduction, and producers produce more because of the price increase.
Hence, the consumer demands more gallons of gasoline when the government subsidizes the price of gasoline.
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suppose that an individual deposits $10,000 of cash into her checking account. what is the immediate effect of the cash deposit on the m1 measure of the money supply?
If an individual deposits $10,000 of cash in her checking account, there is no change in the M1 measure of money supply.
So, there is no effect on M1 measure of supply.
Due to the fact that checkable deposits and cash or currency are both included in M1, the amount of money in circulation is unchanged if a person deposits $10,000 in cash into her checking account. When someone deposits cash into a bank account, the money eventually transforms into checkable deposits, which are likewise included in M1. They are thus a component of M1 in their ether form.
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how to use previous financial data to determine allocations for resources
Resource allocation decisions should be based on a thorough analysis of the company's financial data and performance, as well as its strategic goals and objectives.
To determine allocations for resources using previous financial data, several steps can be followed:
Gather financial data: Collect data for a specified period of time, which can include income statements, balance sheets, cash flow statements, etc. This data will help to identify trends, patterns and performance indicators that can be used to make informed decisions.Analyze financial data: Use financial analysis tools such as ratios, trend analysis, and benchmarking to gain insights into the company's financial performance. These insights can help to identify areas of strength and weakness, and areas that may need more or less investment.Develop a budget: Based on the insights gained from the financial analysis, create a budget that outlines the expected expenses, revenue and other resources required for the company to operate. This budget can be used as a reference when determining resource allocations.Prioritize spending: Consider the impact of each expense on the company's overall performance and prioritize spending accordingly. For example, investments in research and development, marketing, and employee training may be more important than reducing costs in other areas.Evaluate allocation options: Review different allocation options and determine the best fit for the company's current financial situation. This may involve shifting resources from one area to another, or allocating additional resources to a particular area.To know more about budget:
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risk is a problem faced: group of answer choices in neither market systems nor command systems, only in laissez-faire capitalism. in both market systems and command systems. only in command systems. only in market systems.
Risk is a problem faced in both market systems and command systems, not just in laissez-fcapitalismaire .
In market systems, such as capitalism, risks are associated with economic decisions made by individuals and businesses. For example, entrepreneurs may face the risk of investing in a new business venture that may not be successful, and consumers may face the risk of losing money if they invest in stocks that perform poorly. Market systems rely on the invisible hand of the market to allocate resources, but this can also result in economic instability and unpredictable outcomes, creating risks for individuals and businesses. command systems, such as socialism and communism, the central government makes decisions about the allocation of resources. This can result in reduced competition and innovation, leading to inefficiencies and a lack of responsiveness to changing market conditions. Additionally, the lack of market signals and price incentives can result in misallocation of resources and lower economic growth, leading to risks for individuals and the economy as a whole.
In conclusion, risk is a problem faced in both market systems and command systems, as well as in other economic systems. The nature and sources of risk may vary depending on the system, but it is an inherent part of any economic system. Effective management of risk is essential for maintaining economic stability and promoting growth and prosperity.
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the more a technology is adopted, . group of answer choices the more susceptible it becomes to decreasing returns of adoption the greater are the opportunities for development of complementary assets the less valuable it becomes on account of market saturation the less possibilities for improvements are there in the technology and its applications
The more possibilities there are to build complementary assets, the better.
What is technology, for instance?Technology is the means through which we put scientific knowledge to use. Along with devices (like computers), it also involves methods and procedures (like the way we produce computer chips). Although the majority of contemporary technology is electronic, this does not mean that all technology is.
What does technology mean exactly?The Greek terms techne and logos, when transliterated, are the origin of the word technology. Techne is the Greek word for art, skill, craft, as well as the method or process by which something is acquired. The Greek term logos translates as "word," "utterance," "statement," or "expression."
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the three main advantages of holding companies are (1) control with fractional ownership, (2) taxation benefits, and (3) isolation of operating risks. a. true b. false
For instance, all parties retain equal rights in the new entity when a domestic company purchases a portion of a foreign corporation or joins with any foreign company or firm.
Double taxation and the separation of ownership and control are drawbacks. B. Benefits: Limited liability, liquidity, and control and ownership separation. Explanation: The company offers a number of benefits and drawbacks. A corporation suffers from double taxes. When profits are delivered to shareholders as dividends, the shareholders are taxed after the company has paid income tax on its profits. One benefit is that a business has minimal liability. In the event of a company's bankruptcy or default, the shareholders are only eligible to recover the money they invested. The lifespan of corporations is finite. A joint venture, as its name suggests, is a partnership between two or more individuals or businesses that allows each to retain its unique identity.
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First Call expects its profit to double next year.If other things remain the same, explain how this increase in expected profit influences First Call's demand for loanable funds.This increase in expected profit ______ the demand for loanable funds and brings ______ the demand for loanable funds curve.
This increase in expected profit increases the demand for loanable funds and brings right the demand for loanable funds curve.
What is demand curve ?
A demand curve in economics is a graph that shows the relationship between the cost of a given good and the amount that is desired at that cost. Demand curves can be applied to the price-quantity connection for either a specific consumer or for every consumer in a given market.
The loanable funds concept is a theory of market interest rates in the field of economics. With this strategy, the supply and demand of loanable money determine the interest rate.
Hence increases and right are correct words to be filled.
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explain how characteristics of mncs can affect the cost of capital
The characteristics of multinational corporations (MNCs) can affect the cost of capital by influencing the level of perceived risk and uncertainty associated with investing in the company.
Factors such as the size, stability, and diversification of the company, as well as its reputation, financial strength, and level of transparency, can all affect the cost of capital.
For example, a larger, more established MNC with a strong reputation and a diverse range of operations is likely to have a lower cost of capital than a smaller, less established company with a less favorable reputation.
Investors typically demand a higher return to compensate for the higher perceived risk associated with investing in companies that are perceived to be less stable or less transparent. As such, MNCs must carefully manage their reputation and financial strength to ensure that they are able to access capital at a favorable cost.
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which trend influenced the development of imc, according to advertising professors glen nowack and joe phelps?
The trend influenced the development of Integrated marketing communications( imc,) according to advertising professors glen nowack and joe Phelps wiil be increasing media cost.
Integrated marketing communications (IMC) would be a technique that unifies your marketing department's different functions into a unified approach. IMC combines your numerous marketing assets and channels — from digital to social media to public relations to direct mail — into a single trustworthy message.
Advertising, online marketing, direct marketing, sales, as well as public relations are a few of them. They may all be utilized in tandem to create a cohesive marketing communications campaign.
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assuming this percent continues, by what percent will the price of corn decrease by after 50 years? show the calculation that leads to your answer. round to the nearest percent.
a) To find the percent decrease per year, we can divide the total decrease by the number of years.
25% / 10 years = 2.5% decrease per year
So, the price of corn decreases by 2.5% each year.
(b) To find the percent decrease after 50 years, we can multiply the percent decrease per year by the number of years.
2.5% * 50 years = 125% decrease
So, the price of corn would decrease by 125% after 50 years, given the same rate of decrease. Therefore a 2.5% per year and 125% by 50 years decrease can be seen in the price of corn.
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Percent Decrease in an Exponential Decay Model of the Price of Corn
Over the last 10 years, the price of corn has decreased by 25% per bushel
(a) Assuming a steady percent decrease, by what percent does it decrease each year? Round to the nearest percent.
(b) Assuming this percent continues, by what percent will the price of corn decrease by after 50 years? Show the calculation that leads to your answer. Round to the nearest percent.
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if companies that invest in fixed costs cannot survive, can we have a productive economy?
The survival of companies that invest in fixed costs is important for the functioning of a productive economy. Fixed costs are investments in physical capital, such as machinery and equipment, that are necessary for production.
Companies that invest in fixed costs play a crucial role in driving economic growth and creating jobs by increasing the productivity and efficiency of the economy.
If companies that invest in fixed costs are unable to survive, it can lead to a lack of investment in physical capital and decreased economic growth. This can also result in decreased competitiveness and innovation, as companies may be less likely to invest in new technologies and processes that can improve efficiency.
Therefore, the ability of companies to survive and succeed after investing in fixed costs is important for the health and prosperity of an economy. Policies and institutions that support the survival and success of these companies can help to ensure a productive and dynamic economy.
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Which of the following is an example of an extent decision?
A.Should workers receive equity compensation?
B.How many workers should be hired?
C.Should workers receive overtime pay?
D.Should workers earn commission?
The option B. How many workers should be hired is an example of an extent decision.
Decide the extent, a choice on the quantity or number of units to generate, Income/Marginal Cost, the extra expense or income generated by making and selling an extra unit is extent decision. Marginal expenses and marginal revenues are the pertinent costs and advantages of an extent decision. Increase your participation in an activity if its marginal revenue exceeds its marginal expense. Due to its ability to pinpoint the most effective utilisation of resources, marginal analysis is crucial in extended decision-making. An activity should only be carried out up to the point when marginal revenue and marginal cost are equal; after that point, it will cost more per unit than the benefit obtained per unit.
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A valid business is illustrated by which examples?
A woman selling homemade tortillas by the roadside
An organization that markets tax services
A major oil refinery
An organization that markets tax services is valid business. In this case, Option B is correct.
Events are one of the most frequently used strategies in B2B marketing, and whether it's a big event, a trade show, or a small format event in your boardroom, its success depends on bringing the right people in. Your event invitation is crucial, then. You must:
successfully describe the event's purpose while remaining vague enough to pique the recipients' curiosity about learning more;
a process of self-qualification should be allowed, and attendees should be those you want to talk to;
Showcase the advantages that attendees will receive from attending the event; and
Establish your company as a leader in the field of problem-solving.
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When an economy is operating on the Production Possibility Curve this means that scarcity has been eliminatedtrue or false
The statement is false that when an economy is operating on the Production Possibility Curve this means that scarcity has been eliminated.
The production, trade, and consumption of products and services all fall under the umbrella of an economy. It is generally understood to be a social domain that places an emphasis on the behaviours, ideologies, and tangible manifestations connected to the creation, utilisation, and administration of finite resources.
A concept used to illustrate the trade-offs related to splitting resources between the production of two items is called the Production Possibilities Curve (PPC). The PPC is a useful tool for demonstrating the ideas of scarcity, opportunity cost, efficiency, and economic development and shrinkage.
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only variable production costs are used when calculating contribution margin.
The given statement, "Only variable production costs are used when calculating contribution margin." is false because it uses both revenue and variable cost.
When determining the contribution margin, it is important to understand both revenue and variable costs. Revenue is the money generated by the sale of a product or service, and variable costs are expenses that vary with the amount of goods or services produced.
Revenue and variable costs can be used together to calculate contribution margin, which is the difference between the revenue and variable costs, and represents the amount available to cover fixed costs and yield a profit. By calculating the contribution margin, businesses can better understand their cost structure and more accurately determine their profitability.
------The given question is incomplete, the complete question is:
"Only variable production costs are used when calculating contribution margin. (True or False)"-------
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characteristics of a core market? group of answer choices a. answers b to e b. stable currency c. offer required professional services (accounting, etc.) d. liquidity and transparency e. political stability f. c and d
The characteristics of a core market include,
stable currencyoffer required professional servicesliquidity and transparency political stabilityTherefore, the options B, C, D, and E hold true.
A core market may be ideally characterized as a market that offers greater amount of stability in its currency, and also requires provision of professional services, which also includes accounting. Apart from being liquid and transparent, the core markets are highly stable in terms of political positions that it holds.
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which theorist pioneered the concepts of teamwork, authority, and budgeting as necessities of good management?
According to Charles Clinton Spaulding, "necessities" for efficient organizational operations included the requirement for leadership, the division of labor, sufficient capital, appropriate budgeting, cooperation, and teamwork.
The eight criteria for business management were developed by whom?As a result of our search, we discovered the 1927 paper by CC Spaulding titled "The Administration of Big Business". It was published in the Pittsburgh Courier, a formerly well-known African-American newspaper, and listed Spaulding's eight "fundamental requirements" for managing a company successfully.
What elements are crucial to management?The responsibility of a manager is to provide a consistent direction and set of rules for all individual efforts made to achieve organizational goals. Management helps the organization become more effective by increasing productivity through efficient planning, organizing, controlling, and directing.
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