Answer:
Together, the number of protons and the number of neutrons determine an element’s mass number: mass number = protons + neutrons. If you want to calculate how many neutrons an atom has, you can simply subtract the number of protons, or atomic number, from the mass number. A property closely related to an atom’s mass number is its atomic mass.
Explanation:
how many milliliters of a 12% (v/v) propyl alcohol solution would you need to obtain 4.5 ml of propyl alcohol
38.1 ml of a 12% (v/v) propyl alcohol solution would need 4.5 ml of propyl alcohol.
What purpose does the isopropyl alcohol solution serve?
A transparent liquid known as propyl alcohol is frequently used to destroy germs (antiseptic).When carbon monoxide and hydrogen are used to create methanol (methyl alcohol), normal (n-) propyl alcohol is produced as a byproduct. Fusel oil contains it as well.As a rubbing alcohol antiseptic, isopropyl alcohol is combined with water. Additionally, it's a component of hand lotions, aftershave products, and other cosmetics. It is employed in industry as a low-cost solvent for gums, shellacs, drugs, cosmetics, and denatured ethanol.To learn more about propyl alcohol, follow the link https://brainly.com/question/29219081
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why was a steam bath used to dry the recovered copper product? (hint: reference the reaction 5 steps in lab manual)
A steam bath is used to dry the recovered copper product as the amount of water in the steam increases, the latent heat decreases, providing less heat to transfer from the steam to the copper product to dry.
A steam bath is used instead of a hot plate to dry the recovered copper to prevent overheating. Overheating can lead to atmospheric oxygen from oxidizing.
The steam dryness division is utilized to evaluate the sum of water inside the steam. If steam contains 10% water by mass, it's said to be 90% dry, or have a dryness division of 0.9.
Steam dryness is critical since it includes a coordinated impact on the overall sum of transferable vitality contained inside the steam (ordinarily fair idle warm), which influences warming effectiveness and quality.
For illustration, soaked steam (100% dry) contains 100% of the inactive warm accessible at that weight. Immersed water, which has no idle warm and so 0% dryness, will as contains sensible warm.
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which statement best describes groups and periods of the periodic table? select one: a. groups are vertical columns, while periods are horizontal rows. b. groups are mostly nonmetals, while periods are mostly metals. c. groups are horizontal rows, while periods are vertical columns. d. periods have similar properties, while the properties of groups gradually change.
The correct statement is "groups are vertical columns, while periods are horizontal rows".
The chemical elements are shown in tabular form on the periodic table, sometimes referred to as the periodic table containing the elements. It is frequently used in physics, chemistry, and some other sciences, and thus is frequently regarded as a symbol of chemistry.
The Periods were the horizontal rows of the periodic table. The periodic table contains seven distinct periods in all. They have the same amount of electron shells and thus are symbolized by the exact overall number of valence electron.
In a periodic table, the horizontal rows were known as periods, while the vertical columns were known as groups.
Therefore, the correct answer will be option (a).
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Answer:
groups are vertical columns, while periods are horizontal rows
Explanation:
how can I got oxygen from water and collect it
Explanation:
through the process of electrolysis.
electricity (loose electrons under "pressure") is sent through water allowing the oxygen atoms to bind enough electrons to become independent O2 molecules and detach from water molecules, hence "freeing" themselves as oxygen gas. which in turn also creates free H2 molecules and therefore hydrogen gas.
the free oxygen collects at the positive electrode, the free hydrogen at the negative electrode.
an additional option is to collect the free oxygen that is simply mixed into the water and allows fish to "breathe" (the gills do NOT break oxygen out of the H2O molecules but use the mixed-in free O2 oxygen between the H2O molecules).
that is the reason why a fish tank needs the constant air stream bubbling through the water (or we would have to constantly stir the water in the tank rigorously), and why truly still water bodies "die" (any originally mixed-in oxygen leaves over time, literally suffocating any oxygen-needing lifeforms in those bodies of water).
to capture this, cool the water down to about 4° C (about 39° F), at which point water has its greatest density (below that water expands again preparing for the larger volume needed by the crystalline grid of water ice). that pushes/squeezes a lot of the mixed-in elements incl. free oxygen out of the water.
but that is very little compared to an electrolysis result.
consider a situation in which you analyze a mixture of the starting alcohol and the alkene product of an elimination reaction using tlc. if you used a reverse phase tlc plate, which compound would have the higher retention factor? group of answer choices the alkene
Alcohol would have the higher retention factor .
What is Alcohol ?A molecule that can be found in alcoholic beverages like beer, wine, and liquor. Additionally, it can be discovered in several medications, mouthwashes, home goods, and essential oils. It is produced through the chemical process of fermentation, which makes use of yeast and sugar.
The four different forms of alcohol are rubbing, isopropyl, denatured, and ethyl. Ethyl alcohol, commonly known as ethanol or grain alcohol, is the one that we are most familiar with and adore. It is produced by fermenting sugar and yeast and is a component of beer, wine, and alcoholic beverages.Alcohol found in beverages is known as ethanol. It is created when the carbohydrates in grains, fruits, and vegetables are fermented by yeast. For instance, the sugar in potatoes is used to make vodka and the sugar in grapes to make wine.To know more about Alcohol please click here ; https://brainly.com/question/947751
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The concentration of a solution of sodium hydroxide is 0.10 mol/dm3. What is the concentration of the solution in g/dm3?
The concentration of solution of sodium hydroxide is 4 g/dm³ as per the molar concentration concept, to convert mole/dm³ to g/dm³ multiply the concentration by molar mass, which is 40 g.
What is molar mass?Molar mass of a compound or a molecule is defined as the mass of the elements which are present in it.The molar mass is considered to be a bulk quantity not a molecular quantity. It is often an average of the of the masses at many instances.
The molecular mass and formula mass are used as synonym for the molar mass.It does not depend on the amount of substance which is present in the sample.It has units of gram/mole.
Molar masses of an element are given as relative atomic masses while that of compounds is the sum of relative atomic masses which are present in the compound.
The molar mass of sodium hydroxide is 40 g thus, concentration in mole/dm³×40, that is 0.10×40= 4 g/dm³.
Thus , the concentration in g/dm³ is 4 g/dm³.
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A climatograph of the Western Sahara is depicted here which shows the average rainfall, low and high temperatures over the course of a year. Which features of the Earth most directly contribute to the climate observed in the Western Sahara? Select ALL that apply.
A The convection currents in the atmosphere deposit warm, dry air at the latitudes that contain the Western Sahara.The convection currents in the atmosphere deposit warm, dry air at the latitudes that contain the Western Sahara.
B The tilt of the Earth on its axis gives the Western Sahara direct sunlight during the summer.The tilt of the Earth on its axis gives the Western Sahara direct sunlight during the summer.
C The gravitational pull of the Moon on the Earth diverts water from desert areas to the oceans.The gravitational pull of the Moon on the Earth diverts water from desert areas to the oceans.
D The revolution of the Earth around the Sun prevents rainfall in the areas on the western parts of large continents.The revolution of the Earth around the Sun prevents rainfall in the areas on the western parts of large continents.
E The rotation of the Earth generates winds that are deflected as the Earth moves.
The features of the Earth that most directly contribute to the climate observed in Western Sahara are:
"The convection currents in the atmosphere deposit warm, dry air at the latitudes that contain Western Sahara.The convection currents in the atmosphere deposit warm, dry air at the latitudes that contain Western Sahara." (Option A) ; and "The rotation of the Earth generates winds that are deflected as the Earth moves." (Option E).What is Climate?Climate is an area's long-term weather trend, often averaged over 30 years.
More precisely, it is the average and variability of climatic variables across temporal periods ranging from months to millions of years.
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what absorbance did you record for spinach at 400 nm?6.25 points question 2what absorbance did you record for spinach at 420 nm?6.25 points question 3what absorbance did you record for spinach at 440 nm?
It was discovered that the photosynthetic pigment in spinach best absorbed light between the wavelengths of 400 and 450 nm as well as at 650 nm. Additionally, it was discovered that this green phototroph barely absorbed light at wavelengths about 550 nm.
What is Absorbance ?The logarithm of the ratio of incident to transmitted radiant power through a sample is known as absorbance. As an alternative, absorbance can be defined as "the negative logarithm of one minus absorptance, as measured on a homogeneous sample," for samples that scatter light.
The opposite of transmittance, or absorbance (A), indicates how much light the sample absorbed. Additionally known as "optical density." A logarithmic function of T is used to compute absorbance: A = log10 (1/T) = log10 (Io/I).The concentration of the molecule (C) and the sample's path length (L), which is typically equal to the cuvette's path length, combined make up the three factors that affect an absorbance value. The extinction coefficient () is the next factor.What is the absorbance of Spinach ?The disks will rise as a result of bubbles developing on their surface when the leaves create oxygen. The leaves eventually sink if the cup's light source is taken away.
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calculate the theoretical yield of strontium sulfate when 525 ml of 1.199 m sulfuric acid is added to 23.66 grams of strontium bromide
The theoretical yield of strontium sulfate will be 16.47g.
The theoretical yield here can be calculated as:
The grams of sulfuric acid present calculated using formula; molarity = given mass/molar mass/ volume of solution (L)
This will give 61.73 g of sulfuric acid.
In the balanced chemical reaction 1 mole of strontium bromide react with 1 mole of sulfuric acid to give 1 mole of strontium sulfate and 2 moles of hydrobromide. Molar mass of strontium sulfate is 183g/mol and strontium bromide is 246g/mol.
calculating number of moles by using given mass/molar mass; we get
0.09 moles of strontium bromide and 0.63 moles of sulfuric acid.
Thus as 1 mole of strontium sulfate is produced thus: 1*0.09*183 = 16.47g
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if a phosphoric acid solution has a ph of 2.42, what can you tell about the relative concentrations of phosphoric acid and dihydrogen phosphate? the pka for each step in the dissociation of phosphoric acid is given.
2.00 [H3PO4] [H₂ PO] = 2.00 X [H₂ PO₁]
The first dissociation of phosphoric acid involves the species phosphoric acid, H2 PO4, and dihydrogen phosphate, H2 PO. The formula for the acid dissociation constant is: Ka, =2.42
the logarithm of the log On both sides of the mentioned equation, ka1 =
Pн = PKA + log [H, PO4)
Using definitions
[H3PO4] The renderson equation mentioned above will be utilized to determine the relative concentrations. log PH - Pka, 2.42; [H2 PO] =0.3
I log x = 2 = 109
Thus, X= 2.00 [H3PO4] [H₂ PO] = 2.00 X [H₂ PO₁]
Dihydrogen phosphate is present at higher concentrations than phosphoric acid.
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Which property would cesium most likely have?
It is hard.
It is ductile.
It is a gas.
It has low reactivity.
Answer:
It is ductile.
Explanation:
Cesium belongs to group 1 on the periodic table, meaning it is an alkali metal, not a gas. Alkali metals are soft, malleable, and ductile. They are good conductors of heat and highly reactive in nature, meaning cesium is also highly reactive. Therefore, the only option that would make sense is "It is ductile."
is it possible to prepare 1-chloro-2,2-dimethylpropane in high yield by halogenation of an alkane? how many monohalo isomers are possible upon radical halogenation of the parent alkane?
By halogenating an alkane, it is feasible to produce high yields of 1-chloro-2,2-dimethylpropane. Therefore, following radical halogenation of the parent alkane, only one monohalo isomer is feasible.
A double-branched chain alkane containing five carbon atoms, neopentane is also known as 2,2-dimethylpropane. Neopentane is a flammable gas at ambient pressure that, on a chilly day, in an ice bath, or when compressed to a higher pressure, can condense into a highly volatile liquid known as dimethylpropane. In organic chemistry, an alkane is an acyclic saturated hydrocarbon, sometimes known as paraffin (a historical quaint word that also has various meanings). In other terms, an alkane is made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms that are all grouped in a tree form.
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Oxygen is important in the oxidation of glucose because it ____________________________.
Oxygen is important in the oxidation of glucose because it involves breakdown of glucose in presence of oxygen to produce a large amount of energy.
Glucose oxidation breaks down glucose to create energy. Oxidation of glucose in the presence of oxygen is called respiration. Oxidation means addition of oxygen to a molecule. Respiration is the chemical process by which organic compounds change into different reactions. Glucose reacts with molecular oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. The carbon atoms in glucose are oxidized. It produces less amount of energy in absence of glucose. Presence of oxygen in glucose breakdown produces carbon dioxide and water along with the release of large amounts of energy. So, oxygen is necessary for glucose breakdown.
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find the molality of the solution if 42 grams of potassium chloride (kcl) are dissolved in 3.6 kg of water.
When 42 grams of potassium chloride (kcl) are dissolved in 3.6 kilogram of water, the resulting solution has a molality of 0.156 m.
Describe molality.The term "molal concentration" is another word for molality. It measures the solute concentration in a solution. There are a variety of terminology that can be used to describe a solution's concentration, including molarity, molality, normality, formality, volume percentage, weight percentage, and parts per million. The term must determine the molecular weight of the solute and the mass of the solvent.
Molality is the best method for transferring concentration since the mass of the solute and solvent in the solution is constant.
Molality = moles of solute/ liters of solution
Moles of KCl = (42g KCl) x (1 mole KCl/74.5513 g) = 0.5633 moles KCl
Water in kg = 3.6 kg
m = 0.5633/3.6
m = 0.156
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The higher the frequency of light, the ___ its wavelength and the ___ its energy.
a. longer, lower
b. longer, higher
c. shorter, lower
d. shorter, higher
Answer:
c
Explanation:
Ignoring sign which transition is associated with the greatest energy change?
N=1 to n=3
N=3 to n=5
N=2 to n=1
N=3 to n=2
According to the given statement The transition from n=1 to n=3 results in the largest energy change.
How do you calculate energy change?Energy change Equals energy in Minus energy out. To calculate the energy transfer for a reaction, add the bond energy for all the atoms in the reactants (this is the "energy in") and the bond values for all the bonds with in products (this is the "energy out").
What causes energy to change?Energy is capable of changing its forms. For instance, electrical energy transforms into thermal and light heat when a lightbulb is turned on. A automobile transforms the gasoline's molecular bonds' stored energy into a variety of other forms. Chemical energy is converted to light in the engine through a chemical reaction.
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the combined gas law relates volume and temperature. the combined gas law relates volume and temperature. true false
True, Combined gas law does relates volume and temperature.
The combined gas law is effectively a restructuring of the ideal gas law, where both n (mols of gas) and R (already a constant) remain constant. It can be used to determine how changes in pressure, volume, or temperature can be used to calculate the conditions of the resulting system.
The combined gas law is a combination of the three previously known laws which are- Boyle’s law PV = K, Charles law V/T = K, and Gay-Lussac’s law P/T = K. Therefore, the formula of combined gas law is PV/T = K,
Where P = pressure, T = temperature, V = volume, K is constant.
One can adjust the formula for the combined gas law so as to compare two sets of conditions in one substance. In the equation, the figures for temperature (T), pressure (P), and volume (V) with subscripts of one are representative of the initial condition. Also, those with the subscripts of two are representative of the final condition.
So we can conclude that the combined gas law relates volume and temperature.
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given the table below that shows student's examples of proposed models of the atom: which model correctly describes the locations of protons and electrons in the wave-mechanical model of the atom?
The model accurately depicts where protons and electrons are in the wave. The proton is in the nucleus and the electron is where it is most likely to be. This is the mechanical model of the atom.
The electron was expected to move in circular orbits according to the Bohr model. On the other hand, orbitals are used in the wave mechanical model to characterise the electron positions. The two are not the same. Protons are located inside the nucleus in the wave mechanical model of an atom, but electrons are present where they are most likely to be.
A subatomic particle with a negative charge is an electron. A subatomic particle having a positive charge is called a proton. The strong nuclear force holds protons together in the nucleus of an atom. A type of subatomic particle without charge is the neutron (they are neutral).
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The box shows the element helium as it appears in the periodic table. He Helium 4.0 Which list gives the correct numbers of subatomic particles for a neutral atom of helium?
A. Two protons, four neutrons, six electrons
B. Two protons, two neutrons, two electrons
C. Two protons, two neutrons, four electrons
D. Four protons, four neutrons, four electrons
The correct numbers of subatomic particles for a neutral atom of helium are C) Two protons, two neutrons, four electrons
What are subatomic particles ?
Any of the multiple self-contained units of matter or energy that are the building blocks of all matter are considered subatomic particles, also known as elementary particles. They include the heavier constituents of the small but extremely dense atom's nucleus, the positively charged protons and the electrically neutral neutrons, as well as the electrons, the negatively charged, nearly massless particles that still make up the majority of the atom's size. The only known subatomic particles, however, are not these fundamental atomic building blocks.
These particles are frequently referred to as subatomic particles since they are the building blocks of atoms. There are protons, neutrons, and electrons, three types of subatomic particles. Protons and electrons, two of the subatomic particles, each have an electrical charge of one or the other.
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how many milliliters of a stock solution of 2.00m mgso4 would you need to prepare 100.0ml of 0.400m mgso4
The volume of 2.00 M MgSO₄ is 20.0 mL.
Parameter
M₁ = 2.00 MM₂ = 0.400 MV₂ = volume of 0.400 M MgSO4 = 100.0 mLIf we added water to the first solution, the concentration changed but the mole in that solution didn't change.
Formula between mole, volume, and concentration (molarity)
[tex]M = \frac{n}{V}[/tex]
n = M×V
n = moleV = volume (mL)M = concentration (Molar)n₁=n₂
M₁×V₁ = M₂×V₂
2.000×V₁ = 0.400×100.0
2.000×V₁ = 40.0
[tex]V_1 = \frac{40.0}{2.000}[/tex]
V₁ = 20.0 mL
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15) in ketose sugars, ring formation can occur because the ketone group reacts reversibly with a hydroxyl group in an aqueous solution. this process is termed . a) hemiacetal formation b) hemicarbation c) mutarotation d) a and c only e) a and b only
in ketose sugars, ring formation can occur because the ketone group reacts reversibly with a hydroxyl group in an aqueous solution. this process is termed " mutarotation".
A shift in the homeostasis between distinct anomers inside the solution causes mutarotation, which is a variation in the specific rotation with plane-polarized light. A hemiketal and hemiacetal group is required for any molecule to exhibit mutarotation. The earliest known example of mutarotation occurred in sugar.
When the matching stereocenters likely to recidivate, the equilibrium among two anomers changes, causing the optical rotation to change. This is known as mutarotation. The interconversion of the and anomeric forms causes the rotation of cyclic sugars.
Therefore, the correct answer will be option (C)
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suppose that 0.250 mol of methane, ch4(g) , is reacted with 0.400 mol of fluorine, f2(g) , forming cf4(g) and hf(g) as sole products. assuming that the reaction occurs at constant pressure, how much heat is released?
The heat released after the reaction is -184.79 kJ
The chemical reaction between methane and fluorine is
[tex] CH_{4}[/tex] + 4[tex] F_{2}[/tex] -> [tex] CF_{4}[/tex] + 4HF, where reactants are methane and fluorine. The products are carbon tetrafluoride and hydrogen fluoride.
The limiting reactant is hydrogen fluoride. Number of moles = (0.440 × 4)/4, here 4 is the number of moles of hydrogen fluoride and fluorine
Performing multiplication and division
Number of moles = 0.440 moles of HF
Enthalpy of reaction = -1679.54 kJ
Heat released = (0.440 × -1679.54)/4
Performing multiplication and division to find the heat released
Heat released = -184.749 kJ
Thus, the heat released is -184.79 kJ
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what is the stock system name for N2O3, CO, SO3
Answer:
N2O3= Dinitride Trioxide
CO= Carbon Oxide
SO3= Sulfide Trioxide
Explanation:
Di= 2
Tri= 3
what type of evidence have scientists collected and studied from deep ice cores that shows a correlation between changes in global climate with methane and carbon dioxide levels?
A correlation between changes in global climate with methane and carbon dioxide levels is Variations in ice layer color and thickness.
Ice cores provide direct information about how greenhouse gas concentrations have changed in the past, and also provide direct evidence that climate can change rapidly. By examining the gas trapped in the ice core, scientists learned the amount of carbon dioxide for the first time.
Global temperature has been associated with at least the last million years of Earth's history. A particularly powerful correlation technique is to use the composition of atmospheric gases trapped in ice bubbles. Since most gases remain in the atmosphere long enough to be well mixed on a global scale, ice cores around the world simultaneously exhibit the same atmospheric composition with trapped gas bubbles.
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you start with a flask at 900k containing only sulfur trioxide at an unknown pressure and allow the equilibrium below to be established. if the final sulfur trioxide pressure is 5.00 atm, what was its initial pressure? 2 so2 (g) o2 (g) <--> 2 so3 (g) kp
2so3 is the initial pressure that is seen to be used for the chemical reactions with flask 900k
what is pressure in a chemical reaction?
Pressure (P) is defined as the force of all the gas particle/wall collisions divided by the area of the wall: All gases exert pressure; it is one of the fundamental measurable quantities of this phase of matter.We can define pressure as: The force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.The pressure of the gas is the force that the gas exerts on the container boundaries. The gas molecules move randomly along the given volume. During this movement, they collide with the surface and also with each other.A simple example of pressure may be seen by holding a knife to a piece of fruit. If you hold the flat part of the knife against the fruit, it won't cut the surface. The force is spread out of a large area (low pressure).Pressure is defined as force applied per unit area. Mathematically it is given by, P=FA. where F is the force acting perpendicular to the surface area A. The standard unit of pressure is the pascal (Pa), equivalent to one newton per meter squared (N/m 2 ).The rapid motion and collisions of molecules with the walls of the container causes pressure (force on a unit area). Pressure is proportional to the number of molecular collisions and the force of the collisions in a particular area. The more collisions of gas molecules with the walls, the higher the pressure.to know more about pressure follow
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What is the product of the reaction between
Aluminum and lodine?
12 (iodine gas)?
Answers:
Aluminium Iodide
(AlI³)
How many….
atoms of carbon on the reactant side? _____ on the product side? _____
atoms of hydrogen on the reactant side? _____ on the product side? _____
atoms of oxygen on the reactant side? _____ on the product side? _____
4. How many molecules of oxygen are on the reactant side? ____
5. How many molecules of water are on the product side? _____
6. Is this chemical equation balanced? (Y / N )
This is a balanced chemical reaction equation since the number of atoms of each of the elements is the same on both sides of the reaction equation.
What is a chemical reaction?We know that the term chemical reaction has to do with the kind of interaction that does occur between reactants and products. In this case, we have the reaction that exists between methane and oxygen. This is a combustion reaction.
There is one carbon atoms on the reactant side and one carbon atom on the products side. There are four hydrogen atoms of the reactants side and fur hydrogen atoms on the products side. There are four oxygen atoms on the reactants side and four oxygen atoms on the products side.
There are two oxygen molecules on the reactants side and there are two water molecules on the products side. This is a balanced chemical reaction equation.
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a five part per million standard has a percent transmission on a spectrometer of 34.780. what is the absorbance?
The absorbance of the sample with 34.780 percent transmittance is 3.54
What is transmittance?
Transmittance is the fraction of the incident light which passes through the sample and comes out successfully. In spectrometer, the detector detects the amount of light coming out of the sample and converts the reading into digital display. Absorbance is the fraction of the light which is being absorbed by the given sample.
The absorbance of the sample is,
A = 2 - log (-% T)
where, A = absorbance, %T = transmittance
A = 2 - log (-34.780) = 2 - (-1.54) = 3.54
Therefore, the absorbance of the sample having 34.780 percentage transmittance is 3.54.
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Is a Covalent bond stronger than an Ionic Bond?
Answer:
yes
Explanation:
because of the close sharing of pairs of electrons
Because of the close sharing of pairs of electrons (one electron from each of two atoms), covalent bonds are stronger than ionic bonds.
Explanation:Ionic bonds are formed by the complete transfer of electrons and covalent bonds are formed by sharing of electrons. The force between ionic bonds is electrostatic force, while that in covalent bonds is Van der Waals force. Generally, ionic bonds are much stronger than covalent bonds. In ionic bonds, there is a complete transfer of electrons between elements to form a stable compound. While in a covalent bond, there is only sharing of electrons between two elements to form a stable compound. The force that keeps the ions together is the electrostatic force and the force that keeps the elements together bonded with covalent bonds is the Van Der Waals force. As there is a complete transfer of electrons in ionic bonds, cations and anions are formed. Thus there exists a huge electrostatic force of attraction between these ions.
What are shared in a covalent bond?
a. ions
b. Lewis structures
c. electrons
d. dipoles
Electrons are shared in covalent bonds.
What is a covalent bond?
The exchange of one or more pairs of electrons between two atoms forms a covalent connection. The two atomic nuclei are drawing these electrons in unison. When there is insufficient space between two atoms' electronegativities for an electron transfer to take place and create ions, a covalent bond is formed. Bonding electrons are shared electrons that are present in the region between the two nuclei. The bound pair serves as the "glue" that binds the atoms in molecular structures.
The only covalently bound substance that is the simplest is a hydrogen molecule. Two hydrogen atoms with one electron in each's 1s orbital make up the compound. The covalent link between the two hydrogen atoms allows them to share their two electrons and give each of them a helium-like electron configuration.
Hence, electrons are shared in covalent bonds.
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