A reaction connected to RNA 3′-end processing leads to the termination of transcription. The majority of eukaryotic mRNA precursors undergo site-specific cleavage in the 3′-untranslated region, and the upstream cleavage product is then polyadenylated.
RNA polymerase won't stop unless it receives instructions to do so. Once the polymerase transcribes a DNA sequence known as a terminator, the process of halting transcription, also known as termination, takes place.
Bacteria use two main types of termination mechanisms: Rho-dependent and Rho-independent.
A Rho factor-binding site is present in the RNA during Rho-dependent termination. In order to reach RNA polymerase, Rho factor attaches to this region and begins to "climb" the transcript.
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How long does flea treatment last?.
The most common canine and feline flea and tick treatments work for at minimum a month; some even last for up to twelve weeks.
Fleas may reappear 10–14 days after treatment when eggs hatch and develop; this is quite natural, and as long even as pesticide is still there, it will kill them.This is why it's crucial to avoid cleaning procedures that might remove pesticide. What you use as a product affects this. We provide monthly flea spot-on treatment for dogs and cats as well as pills that are effective against fleas for 1-3 months in dogs and one month in cats. Adult dogs and cats can receive worming pills every three months. If you only treat one, the fleas may spread to your other pets, continuing the infection. Many flea control methods simply require a monthly or annual application.
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One of the newest applications of cell technology is called cybrid embryos. This process involves replacing the nuclear material of an animal cell with human nuclear material. How might this process affect public policies about research by using stem cells? the same policies and concerns about the use of human embryonic stem cells would most likely apply. The embryos would most likely be treated like traditional animal embryos and regulated accordingly. The process of forming cybrid embryos would most likely be banned by government regulators. The embryos would be treated as regular cells because they are not fully human in origin.
Cybrids, also known as cytoplasmic hybrids, are eukaryotic cell lines formed by the fusion of a nuclear donor cell and a cytoplast from a different source, which serves as a mitochondrial donor.
A hybrid embryo is a cross between human and animal tissue. There are several types of hybrid embryos, but cytoplasmic embryos have recently sparked controversy. The first is to transplant organs from one animal into another, which is a risky proposition because the host's immune system may reject the organ. The other method is to start at the embryonic level, inserting cells from one animal into the embryo of another and allowing them to grow together into a hybrid.
The stem cell embryo model is significant because it allows us to see the developing structure at a stage that is normally hidden from us due to the tiny embryo's implantation into the mother's womb.
Transferring only one embryo at a time is recommended to reduce the number of multiple pregnancies caused by IVF, as such pregnancies pose risks to both mothers and babies, including increased rates of maternal mortality, preterm births, and low birth weight.
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How are eukaryotic genes regulated?.
By repressors as well as by transcriptional activators.
What is the twisted ladder like structure of DNA?.
Twisted Helix (Double helix),The double helix, which resembles a twisted ladder, is the shape of DNA. Sugar and phosphate molecules alternately make up the sides of the ladder. It is deoxyribose, the sugar.
DNA is made up of a double helix. To put it another way, it is a spiral-shaped, double-stranded molecule. Deoxyribose sugars alternate with phosphates to create the molecule's exterior, or the rails of the stairway. The "backbone" of the molecule is another name for this area. The ladder's rungs are made up of pairings of the four different nitrogen bases.A lengthy polymer is created when the phosphates and sugars of nearby nucleotides connect. They demonstrated how the twisted uprights of the DNA ladder are made up of alternating deoxyribose and phosphate molecules. The complementary pairings of nitrogen bases that make up the ladder's rungs are A always paired with T and G always paired with C.DNA Replication Deoxyribonucleic acid, also known as DNA, resembles a long, spiralling ladder. It only has carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus as its main atom types. The sides of the DNA ladder, or the sugar-phosphate backbone, are made up of combinations of these atoms.To know more about double helix check the below link:
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determine whether each description pertains to driver mutations and passenger mutations. drag and drop each description to the appropriate category.
a. Known to occur in about 200 genes
b. Occurs in cancerous and noncancerous cells
c. Does not cause cancer Provides selective growth advantage to cells
d. Number of mutations increases with the patient's age
1. Driver mutation
2. Passenger mutation
Each description should be classified under driver mutations and passenger mutations as follows:
For driver mutations;
a. Known to occur in about 200 genes.
e. Provides selective growth advantage to cells.
For passenger mutations;
b. Occurs in cancerous and noncancerous cells
c. Does not cause cancer.
d. Number of mutations increases with the patient's age.
What is a mutation?In Science, a mutation can be defined as an alteration (modification or change) in the nucleotide sequence of the gene of a living organism, which eventually results in the formation of a variant gene that may be transmitted to successive generations.
What are the types of mutation?Generally speaking, there are different types of mutations and these include the following:
Passenger mutations.Point mutations.Frameshift mutations.Germline mutations.Chromosomal alterations.Driver mutations.Under driver mutations, selective growth advantage are provided for cells and as a result, it can occur in approximately 200 genes. On the other hand (conversely), passenger mutations do not cause cancer in living organisms, but it typically occurs in both cancerous and noncancerous cells.
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In the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, solar energy is captured. What is made in this step?.
ATP and the electron carrier NADPH are made in the step where solar energy is captured in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis is a process to convert light energy into chemical energy that can later be released to fuel the organism's activities through cellular respiration. Some of the chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as starches and sugars, which are synthesized from water and carbon dioxide.
The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis use light energy to make two molecules needed for the next stage of photosynthesis: the reduced electron carrier NADPH and the energy storage molecule ATP. The light -dependent reactions in plants take place in the thylakoid membranes of organelles called chloroplasts.
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which connective tissue coat surrounds groups of muscle fibers, separating them into fascicles? a. epimysium b. perimysium c. endomysium
The correct answer is : Perimysium surrounds groups of muscle fibers, separating them into fascicles.
The connective tissue surrounding muscle bundles is known as perimysium, while the connective tissue surrounding muscle fibers is known as endomysium. Both kinds of connective tissue give muscles structural support.
The perimysium is the name for the fibrous sheaths that cover the fascicles (peri is greek for around). The perimysium is home to nerves, lymphatics, and blood vessels. The loose connective tissue that surrounds each muscle fiber is home to capillaries and nerve fibers.
The perimysium, which frequently contained blood arteries and nerves, held the bundles of muscle fibers together.
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select the main changes that occur during glycolysis. multiple select question. adp is converted to atp via substrate level phosphorylation. glucose is converted to 2 molecules of pyruvate. glucose is formed. nadh is oxidized to nad . nad is reduced to nadh.
For the cell to function properly, particular signaling molecules are needed. For the body's metabolism and cell communication, many chemical additions are crucial.
What is Phosphorylation ?Phosphorylation in chemistry is the joining of a phosphate group to a molecule or an ion. This mechanism, as well as its opposite, dephosphorylation, are frequent in biology and may have evolved as a result of natural selection. Numerous enzymes are frequently activated by protein phosphorylation.
Phosphorylation is a biological procedure in which phosphate is added to an organic molecule. As two examples, phosphate can be added to glucose to create glucose monophosphate or to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to create adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Although it is also utilized for intercellular communication, protein phosphorylation is mostly used by bacteria to adapt to changes in their environment (where conditions might change quickly) (reviewed in Kobir et al., 2011).
What is NADH ?A crucial coenzyme for metabolism is nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. NAD, a dinucleotide that is present in all living cells, is so named because it is made up of two nucleotides that are connected by their phosphate groups. Adenine and nicotinamide are found in different nucleotides.
Numerous studies have demonstrated that NAD levels fall with aging and in nutrient-disordered diseases including obesity. A drop in NAD levels is also directly linked to the onset of diabetes, fatty liver disease, and other metabolic illnesses.Niacin, a form of B vitamin, is converted by your body into NADH, or reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. NADH aids the body's synthesis of energy. For the treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome (sometimes called myalgic encephalomyelitis or ME/CFS), some people use it as a supplement.To know more about Phosphorylation please click here ; https://brainly.com/question/10332475
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What does chronological order mean example?.
What are the 3 storing techniques?.
The 3 storing techniques are
CanningFreezingDryingA cheap method of maintaining the quality of food at home is canning. Applesauce, vegetables, jams and jellies, and baby purees are typical canned foods. A fantastic alternative for keeping most meals fresh. From vegetarian burger patties, chopped fruit, and blanched veggies to soups, baby purees, oats, and coffee grounds, everything may be frozen.A great way to preserve fruits, vegetables, and herbs. Food that has been dried typically tastes better, costs very little, and is easier to store because it is smaller.
Hence, storing food is done to use food for longer duration without getting spoiled.
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Is skin color an example of a polygenic trait?.
yes, skin color is an example of a polygenic trait. A trait known as "polygenic" refers to the expression of multiple gene loci in human skin color.
When two or more genes control a single character, this is called polygenic inheritance. Frequently, the genes are numerous but have little effect. Height, skin color, eye color, and weight are all examples of polygenic inheritance in humans.
A good illustration of polygenic (inherited from multiple genes) traits is human skin color. Every "dominant" capital gene produces one unit of color, with the goal that an extensive variety of moderate skin tones are delivered, contingent upon the quantity of "dominant" Genes in the genotype. For instance, a genotype known as AaBbCc that contains three "dominant" capital genes and three "small case" "recessive" genes has a medium amount of melanin and a skin color that is intermediate. A mulatto would have the latter genotype, which is typical of them.
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What are the 4 steps of the AI process?.
The four steps of AI workflow are: (1) Data Preparation, (2) AI Modeling, (3) Simulation and Test and (4) Deployment.
AI stands for Artificial Intelligence. It is the field of computer science that involves the development of technologies and machines that are capable of performing tasks that typically can be done by a human brain. Therefore these machines mimic the human intelligence.
AI modelling refers to the the development and formation of machine learning programs or algorithms that perform of the logical decision-making. The algorithm contains a set of data that is trained to recognize certain types of fixed patterns.
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How can you tell what blood type someone is based on agglutination?.
Alternatively, blood type A is the subject if both test serums cause agglutination and blood type B is the subject if neither does. A person who is blood group O does not fall within blood groups A or AB.
What sorts of blood would agglutinate?People with type A blood have antibodies to the B antigen circulating in their blood plasma without ever having been exposed to incompatible blood. If these antibodies, also known as anti-B antibodies, ever come into contact with erythrocytes containing B antigens, they will agglutinate and haemolyze.
How does clumping help you identify your blood type?You have type A blood, for instance, if your blood cells stick together when combined with antibodies against type A blood. The anti-Rh serum will then be added to your blood sample. You have Rh-positive blood if your blood cells clump together in response to anti-Rh serum.,
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Can dogs regulate their temperature better than humans?.
Due to the difference in how dogs and humans control their body temperatures, dogs are more susceptible to heat exhaustion.
Dogs cannot sweat via their skin as people can, therefore they must control their body temperature and stay cool by panting and expelling heat from their paw pads and nose.
Try to stay indoors when it's warm above 90 degrees Fahrenheit since it may rapidly become more dangerous at such temperatures.
Since a dog's typical body temperature will vary depending on size, there is no optimal temperature for all canines. When the outside air is between 81 to 85 degrees Fahrenheit, the majority of dogs start to exhibit overheating symptoms.
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What are the 5 stages of AI?.
The 5 stages of AI are: (1) Problem Scoping (2) Data Acquisition (3) Data Exploration (4) Modelling and (5) Evaluation.
AI is the abbreviation for Artificial Intelligence. This is the branch of computer science that involves developing technologies and machines that can perform tasks that the human brain can normally perform. These machines therefore mimic human intelligence.
Data Acquisition is comprised of sensors who perform the function of converting physical parameters to electrical signals. It is the process of sampling or measuring the real world phenomena and converting it into digital form so as to be manipulated by the computers.
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which of the following has been an observed consequence of the removal of top predators in an ecosystem? please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.
Increases in both macropredator populations and wildlife killing cattle have been noted.
When the top predators are eliminated, what happens?Due of their ability to control prey populations, predators are crucial to ecosystems. Prey can overpopulate if there are no predators. It may also cause disease outbreaks that spread to domesticated animals and harm to nearby plants and plants.
What impact does the absence of predators have on the ecosystem?It was observed that the absence of significant predators in forest ecosystems has allowed game animal numbers to skyrocket, stunting the growth of young trees and lowering biodiversity. Less carbon is sequestered as a result of this, which raises the possibility of climate change and contributes to deforestation.
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sphingomyelin is one of the membrane lipids particularly important for neuronal cells forming the myelin sheath. one of the substrates for the biosynthesis of sphingomyelin is:
The substrates for the biosynthesis of sphingomyelin is Dihydrosphingosine is produced by converting and into .
What is sphingomyelin?
A particular type of sphingolipid called sphingomyelin is present in animal cell membranes, particularly inside the membranous meninges that covers some nerve cell axons. Sphingomyelins can also be categorised as sphingophospholipids because they typically contain phosphocholine, ceramide, or a phosphoethanolamine head group. SPH makes up 10–20 moles percent of plasma membrane lipids and roughly 85% of all sphingolipids in humans. German chemist Hans L.W. Thudicum discovered sphingomyelin in the 1880s. N-acyl-sphingosine-1-phosphorylcholine was first described as the chemical makeup of sphingomyelin in 1927.
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pluripotent cells: group of answer choices are not embryonic stem cells none of these are true can develop into any type of fetal or adult cell all of these are true can develop into any type of cell
Pluripotent cells can give rise to all of the cell types that make up the body; embryonic stem cells are considered pluripotent.
What are pluripotent stem cells?
Pluripotent stem cells are cells that are able to self-renew by dividing and developing into the three primary groups of cells that make up a human body, including:
Ectoderm: Giving rise to the skin and nervous system
Endoderm: Forming the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, endocrine glands, liver, and pancreas
Mesoderm: Forming bone, cartilage, most of the circulatory system, muscles, connective tissue, and more
Pluripotent stem cells are able to make cells from all three of these basic body layers, so they can potentially produce any cell or tissue the body needs to repair itself. This property is called pluripotency.
Multipotent cells can develop into more than one cell type, but are more limited than pluripotent cells; adult stem cells and cord blood stem cells are considered multipotent.
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Why is it important that the initiator trna be placed in the p site instead of the a site?.
Having the initiator tRNA in the P site is important because if the polypeptide chain is to grow, the A site must be empty to allow the next aminoacylate tRNA to come into the ribosome.
Why does initiator tRNA attach to the P site?It is believed that the initiator tRNA plays a crucial part in identifying the start codon in the mRNA by directly binding to the P site of the small ribosomal subunit. Despite the fact that the initiation factors undoubtedly play a role in mediating these events, the structure of the tRNA itself is also crucial.
An incoming charged tRNA will connect at the A site after the first tRNA binds initially at the P site. The amino acid of the first tRNA (Met) will be transferred to the amino acid of the second tRNA through the formation of a peptide bond (in this case, Trp).
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bachiko congratulated her staff when the team received an industry award for their project, and also sent a companywide e-mail announcing it. here, bachiko is using her (fill in the blank) power.
Bachiko congratulated her staff when the team received an industry award for their project, and also sent a companywide e-mail announcing it. here, Bachiko is using her personalized power.
In the example above, Bachiko is using his power. Personalized power is the power in which a person has a superiority complex and thinks that he is superior to others. Also, he made sure that people knew that he was someone else's boss.
The sources of management power are as follows:
Positional power
strength because of the award/prize.power because you have a certain authority.power because of the punishment given.Personal power
power because you have certain knowledge and abilities.power because of your attractive personality.Learn more about personal power at https://brainly.com/question/11656512
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What are the 3 components of AI program?.
The three AI additives used in common programs are Speech Recognition. Computer Vision. Natural Language Processing.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) software is a pc software that mimics human behavior by studying various statistics styles and insights. top features of AI software encompass machines gaining knowledge of, Speech & Voice popularity, digital Assistant, and so on.
OpenNMS is free, open-supply synthetic intelligence software that is written in C++ programming language. It presents a higher processing velocity. For advanced analytics, this app works as a free neural network library. In electricity, health, advertising, and marketing, this app get to the lowest of many applications.
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the classic view of the cells of the blastema are that they are completely dedifferentiated and have the same potential as es cells. experiments in which gfp transgenic tissue was transplanted demonstrated which of the following?
Experiments in which GFP transgenic tissue was transplanted demonstrated blastema cells can only contribute to the lineage they were original.
How do cells know what and where they are?The blаstemа is а mаss of progenitor cells thаt enаbles regenerаtion of аmputаted sаlаmаnder limbs or fish fins. Uses GFP or RFP trаnsgenic аxolotl in trаnsplаntаtion аnd regenerаtion studies to extend our confidence thаt cells know their fаte аnd retаin it through the blаstemа.
The experiments show thаt cаrtilаge cells аlso retаin аnd аct on the memory of their originаl positions but thаt neurаl crest-derived Schwаnn cells do not.
Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full options were
A. All blastema cells contribute to all cell lineages during regeneration
B. Blastema cells are embryonic stem cells.
C. Blastema cells do not dedifferentiate.
D. Blastema cells can only contribute to the lineage they were originally.
Thus, the correct option is D
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TRUE/FALSE. a primary limitation of imaging the supraspinatus tendon with the arm in an adducted, neutral position is that the overlying scapular spine shields the proximal aspect of the supraspinatus tendon from view.
The proximal part of the supraspinatus tendon is hidden by the scapular spine, which is one notable drawback of imaging the supraspinatus tendon with the arm in an adducted, neutral position is true.
One is regarded to be at risk of missing proximal tendon disease if the supraspinatus tendon is not visible in long axis and the shoulder is not examined in a neutral position. Recall how it was said that internal shoulder rotation would enhance imaging of the supraspinatus tendon. Since the acromion blocks view of the proximal part of the supraspinatus tendon, it is preferable to avoid imaging in neutral position when imaging the supraspinatus tendon.
As a result, the scapular spine protects the proximal side of the supraspinatus tendon, which is a significant disadvantage when imaging the supraspinatus tendon with the arm in an adducted, neutral position.
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which of the following data were available to watson and crick when they were trying to determine the structure of dna? check all that apply.
X-ray crystallography is what Watson and Crick used to try to figure out the structure of DNA.
How did Watson and Crick discover DNA's structure?The discovery of DNA's molecular structure by Watson and Crick was made possible by the first X-ray photograph of DNA, which was taken in 1952. It was produced by Rosalind Franklin using an X-ray crystallography method, revealing the DNA molecule's helical structure.
What does the Watson and Crick model structurally explain?Watson-Crick DNA's physical makeup. The Watson-Crick DNA Model (1953) A double-stranded, helical molecule, DNA is composed of nucleic acids. On the outside, it has two sugar-phosphate backbones, and on the inside, nitrogenous bases are bound together by hydrogen bonds.
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How many CO2 molecules are produced when the glucose molecules undergo cellular respiration?.
CO2 molecules are produced when the glucose molecules undergo cellular respiration Therefore, two acetyl-CoA molecules, two carbon dioxide molecules, and two NADH molecules are produced.
Cellular respiration is a chain of chemical reactions that break down glucose to supply ATP, which may be used as energy to strengthen many reactions in the course of the body. There are three foremost steps of cell respiration: glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.
Cellular respiration is the method by way of which organisms use oxygen to interrupt food molecules to get chemical strength for cell features. cell breathing takes area within the cells of animals, flora, and fungi, and also in algae and different protists.
Cellular breathing is the aerobic process by which dwelling cells destroy glucose molecules, release electricity, and shape molecules of ATP. commonly speaking, this 3-degree system involves glucose and oxygen reacting to form carbon dioxide and water.
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What is indirect characterization Animal Farm?.
When indirect characteristics from an animal farm are implied rather than explicitly stated.
Orwell portrays Snowball in "Animal Farm" as persuasive and tenacious through his actions and other people's reactions. Orwell illustrates Snowball's diligence with deeds.
When the author describes a character's traits to the reader through their thoughts & deeds, this is known as indirect characterization.
By presenting the character's deeds and ideas, he lets the reader conclude the character's goodness, evil, or materialistic nature.
By demonstrating rather than narrating, indirect characterization improves your work. You may, for instance, write that your character was "rude" or draw a picture of your character spitting cigarette smoke in another character's face.
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TRUE/FALSE winds are created when cold air descending the sheltered (leeward) side of the rockies is warmed by compression.
Winds are created when cold air descending the sheltered (leeward) side of the rockies is warmed by compression is a true statement .
What are chinook winds? A powerful, dry, warm wind from the mountains occasionally blows across the plains during the chilly winter months in the districts east of the Rocky Mountains. These winds, also referred to as Chinook winds, can cause abrupt variations in temperature.According to Chinook Nation, the Chinook Native Americans who resided in the coastal areas of Washington and Oregon close to the Columbia River gave rise to the name of the Chinook winds. Worldwide, winds that resemble Chinooks are common and go by a variety of regional names. According to a 2001 paper by British scientist Emma Quaile in the journal Weather, they are known as föhn winds in the European Alps. These winds are known as afganet in central Asia, puelche in the Andes of South America, and the Santa Ana winds in southern California.For more information on chinook winds kindly visit to
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During what phase of mitosis did the error occur?.
Mitotic errors usually occur during metaphase. Usually, this is due to misalignment of chromosomes along the metaphase plate or failure of the mitotic spindle to attach to one of the kinetochores.
What kind of errors occur during mitosis?Defective spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). The goal of mitosis is to faithfully segregate the replicated chromosomes into two new daughter cells. Aggregation disorder. Meloteric appendages.K-MT stability. Centrosome amplification.Timing of centrosome separation. Tetraploidy.What happens if an error occurs during metaphase?One of the mechanisms associated with some degree of mitotic arrest due to the inability to progress to prometaphase or metaphase is known as mitotic catastrophe. This has at least three different consequences: Cell death during mitosis, postmitotic cell death, and postmitotic senescence
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Oxygen is required by almost all organisms for the process of
and is a by-product of
(d) The population that an ecosystem can support continuously is called its
Answer:
1.) a.) cellular respiration
b.) photosynthesis
2. carrying capacity
Explanation:
I'm a little confused by the question, but I think this is what you're asking:
Oxygen is required by almost all organisms for the process of cellular respiration and is a by-product of photosynthesis .
d.) The population that an ecosystem can continuously support is called its carrying capacity .
An ecosystem's carrying capacity is determined by the limiting factors present in the system. These limiting factors are broken into two broad categories, abiotic and biotic. Abiotic factors are those which do not include living organisms (sunlight, water, etc.). Biotic factors represent the organisms in the ecosystem necessary for the survival of the target population (such as the food web that supports heterotrophic organisms).
Once the global weather started dramatically changing, about how long did it take to go from our normal temperate climate to an ice age?.
The global weather started dramatically changing ,it take to go from our normal temperate climate to an ice age a few hours.
How soon does climate change start to happen?Climate refers to climatic changes over longer time periods, typically 30 years or more, as opposed to weather, which refers to short-term changes in the atmosphere.It just took a few hours for the temperature to drastically change over the world, going from our typical temperate environment to an ice age.Not likely, according to Gebbie, because even if the atmosphere cools, the melting ice sheets would not easily grow back to their original size due to the extreme heat that has already been baked into the Earth's system.We have long known that a new ice age could result from global warming.To learn more about climatic changes refer to:
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