The heat needed to change 9.8 grams of solid ammonia at -75 degrees C into a gas at room temperature 25 degrees C is 231 kJ.
What is solid ammonia?
With the formula NH₃, ammonia is a nitrogen and hydrogen inorganic chemical. Ammonia, the simplest pnictogen hydride and a stable binary hydride, is a colourless gas with a strong, pungent odour. It contributes considerably to the nutritional demands of terrestrial creatures by serving as a precursor to 45 percent of the world's food and fertilisers. Biologically, it is a common nitrogenous waste, especially among aquatic animals. About 70% of ammonia is used to create fertilisers, including urea and diammonium phosphate, in a variety of shapes and compositions. Additionally, pure ammonia is sprayed straight onto the ground. Ammonia is also a key ingredient in many commercial cleaning solutions and is a building component for the manufacture of numerous medicinal medicines.
The change in enthalpy, or heat, of a chemical reaction is equal to the change in internal energy of the system plus the work done on the system.
The enthalpy of a system is the sum of its internal energy and the product of its pressure and volume.
In order to change a solid into a gas, the enthalpy of the system must increase by the amount of heat needed to break the intermolecular attractions between the particles of the solid.
The heat of vaporization of ammonia is 23.6 kJ/mol.
Therefore, the heat needed to change 9.8 grams of solid ammonia at -75 degrees C into a gas at room temperature 25 degrees C is 9.8 * 23.6 = 231 kJ.
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What is the formula for ethanol according to this illustration?
Question 10 options:
A.C2OH6
B.COH2
C.C2O
D.C2OH
Answer:
[tex]{ \sf{C _{2} H_{6} O}}[/tex]
A metal tank containing hydrogen gas has a pressure gauge that reads 575 psi . What is causing the pressure inside of the tank ?
Answer:
The hydrogen molecules colliding with the sides of the metal tank.
Explanation:
Gas pressure is caused by the force exerted by gas molecules when colliding with the surfaces of objects.
For sn1 solvolysis of t-butyl chloride, rank the solvents from fastest reaction to slowest reaction.
Fastest: water.
Slowest: Acetic acid
What is sn1 reaction?
In organic chemistry, the SN1 reaction is a substitution reaction. Its name comes from the Hughes-Ingold symbol that shows how the reaction works. "SN" stands for "nucleophilic substitution," and "1" means that the step that controls the rate is unimolecular.
What is solvolysis?
Solvolysis is a chemical reaction in which the solvent, such as water or alcohol, is one of the reagents and is present in excessive amounts.
Hence, the Fastest: water formic acid methanol ethanol acetone
Slowest: Acetic acid
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Alkali metals are highly since they easily to form ion
It is a true statement that the alkali metals are highly reactive because they do form ions very easily.
What are alkali metals?The alkali metals are the elements tat are found in group one. The elements in the group do not occur free in nature because they easily combine with other elements in such a way that they form compounds. This is why they have a very negative values of electrode potential. The electrode potential has to do with the ease with which an electron can be lost from a metal as manifested in the degree of negativity of the value of the electrode potential of the particular element that is under consideration.
Recall that the elements that have a very negative value of electrode potential does form an ion easily and as such they can loose or eliminate the outermost single valence electron very much easily compared to the other elements.
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Missing parts;
Alkali metals are highly reactive since they easily form an ion.
True/false
Which Sl unit is most appropriate for measuring density
Answer:
g/cm^3
Explanation:
kg/m^3 is not most used for measuring density
Consider the following reaction at eqilibrium. What effect will removing H2O have on the system?
2 H2S+3 O2---> 2 H2O+ 2 SO2
a.The reaction will shift to the left
b. No change will be observed
c. The equilibrium constant will decrease
d. The equilibrium constant will increase
e. The reaction will shift in the direction of the products
The correct answer is option e, which says, The reaction will shift in the direction of the products on removing H₂O from the system.
According Le Chatelier's principle,
If the equilibrium of a chemical reaction system is disturbed by changing any property of the system, then the reaction will shift itself towards a that side which will reestablish the equilibrium of the system.
So, in the reaction,
2H₂S + 3O₂ → 2H₂O + 2SO₂
If we remove H₂O from the system, then the concentration of the product side will become less and the equilibrium of the reaction will get disturbed.
To compensate for the loss of the concentration of the product, the system will need more amount of H₂O to establish the equilibrium.
So, to make more products, more reactants would react with each other to form more amount of H₂O.
It means the reaction will shift towards right or we can say the reaction will shift towards the products side.
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how many moles of aluminum are necessary to generate 4.88 moles of aluminum oxide, according to the following equation:
4Al+3O2→2Al2O3
9.76 mol moles of aluminum are necessary to generate 4.88 moles of aluminum oxide.
4.88 moles Al2O3 (4 moles Al / 2 moles Al2O3) = 9.76 moles Al
1 mol = 6.02214 ×[tex]10^{23}[/tex] particles
The mole is the amount of stuff in a system that includes the same number of atoms as there are in 0.012 kilogrammes of carbon 12; it is represented by the symbol "mol".
The Avogadro constant's numerical value is fixed to be precisely 6.022 141 29 1023 when it is expressed in the SI unit mol-1. The mole, symbol mol, is the SI unit of substance for an elementary entity that is specified, which may be an atom, molecule, ion, electron, any other particle, or a specified group of such particle.
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in what year and location did direct measurements begin to be taken of earth's atmospheric carbon dioxide? has co2 been increasing or decreasing since then?
C. David Keeling of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography started monitoring at a NOAA weather station in March 1958. In May 1974, NOAA began conducting its own separate and supplementary CO2 measurements.
In 1950, why did CO2 levels rise?Then, in the 1950s, a sharp rise in the burning of fossil fuels—coal for power and steel production, oil for transportation, and natural gas for heating—dramatically boosted the rate of CO2 emissions into the atmosphere.
Since observations started in 1958, the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the air at the Mauna Loa observatory in Hawaii has grown by more than 25%.
The average global CO2 concentration varied during the 800,000 years for which we have records, between 170 ppm and 280 ppm. Things changed quickly as people began to consume fossil fuels throughout the industrial age. The amount has only surpassed 300 ppm during the industrial period.
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The station's average monthly carbon dioxide observations since 1960 are depicted in his graph as parts per million. (ppm).
What the body experiences from carbon dioxide?Numerous health effects from CO2 consumption might be observed. These indications can include a coma, hypoxia, convulsions, sweating, a tingling or pins-and-needles sensation, migraines, disorientation, agitation, a tingling and fasteners feeling, and difficulty breathing.
How is carbon dioxide produced?Carbon dioxide (CO2) is produced from both natural (such as volcanoes, animal breath, and plant degradation) as well as anthropogenic sources (primarily the burning of fossils fuels like coal, oil and natural gas to generate energy).
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Why do Alkaline batteries eventually stop working & why cant they be recharged?
Answer:
Alkaline do not conduct electricity so they can't be recharged
Explanation:
base don't conduct electricity
While reading through a strange textbook on alien currency, you encounter the following word problem:
You are on an alien planet where the names for substances and the units of measures are very unfamiliar.
Nonetheless, you obtain 13 quibs of a substance called skvarnick.
You can trade this skvarnick for gold coins, but the vendors all measure skvarnick in units of sleps; not quibs.
5 quibs is equal to 7 sleps.
If you have 13 quibs of skvarnick, how many sleps do you have?
Based on the word problem above, what conversion factor are you given?
Question 3 options:
A.quibs
B.5 quibs = 7 sleps
C.7 sleps
D.13 quibs
E.5 quibs
F.sleps
Number of sleps we have is 7 sleps. Option B.
A conversion factor is a number used to convert one set of units to another set by multiplication or division. If the conversion is required, the values should be equal using the appropriate conversion factor. For example, when converting inches to feet, the equivalent conversion value is 12 inches or 1 foot.
The conversion factor is a fraction equal to multiplying a quantity by a conversion factor that changes the units in which the quantity is measured but does not change the original quantity of the quantity. The conversion factor is equal to 1 because it consists of an equal sign. To find the conversion factor using squares square on both sides of the conversion factor. To find the transforming factor that includes the dice cube on both sides of the transforming factor.
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a metal and nonmetal that have a large difference in electronegativity values will experience what type of bond?
Answer:
Explanation:
In a diatomic molecule with two identical atoms, there is no difference in electronegativity, so the bond is nonpolar or pure covalent. When the electronegativity difference is very large, as is the case between metals and nonmetals, the bonding is characterized as ionic.
Answer:
ionic
Explanation:
When the electronegativity difference is very large, as is the case between metals and nonmetals, the bonding is characterized as ionic.
suppose 15.00 ml of a solution of a monoprotic strong acid of unknown concentration requires 12.80 ml of a solution of 0.250 m naoh to reach the end point. what is the molarity of the strong acid?
The molarity of the strong acid is 0.21 M.
What is a strong acid?Recall that a strong acid is an acid that is able to ionize completely in solution. So we now know that If we have an acid that can be able to break up in solution to give us the hydrogen ions and the hydroxide ions then what we have is a strong acid. On the other hand, a weak acid is an acid that is unable to ionize completely when it is in solution.
Having gotten our definitions right, we know that;
CA = molarity of the acid
CB = molarity of the base
VA = volume of the acid
VB = volume of the base
NA = number of moles of the acid
NB = number of moles of the base.
Given what we now have here;
CAVA/CBVB = NA/NB
CAVANB = CBVBNA
CA = CBVBNA/VANB
CA = 0.250 * 12.80 * 1/ 15.00 * 1
CA = 0.21 M
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Latent heat of vaporization of a substance, if 100 J converts 6 g of the substance from liquid to gaseous state, would be
We could use the following equation in order to solve this problem:
Replacing our values, we obtain:
The answer is 16.7J/g.
what are some importance of density?
Answer:
allows us to determine what substances will float and what substances will sink when placed in a liquid
Explanation:
Generally, substances float so long as their density is less than the density of the liquid they are placed in.
the half-life of radium-225 is 14.9 years. what is the annual decay rate? express the result to four decimal places.
The annual decay rate for the radium-225 having a half life of 14.9 years is 0.0465 year⁻¹
How do i determine the decay rate?We know that half life is the time taken for half of a substance to decay.
The half life of a substance is related to the decay rate according to the following formula:
Decay rate (λ) = 0.693 / Half life (t½)
λ = 0.693 / t½
With the above formula, we can obtain the decay rate as illustrated below:
Half-life radium-225 (t½) = 14.9 yearsDecay rate (λ) =?Decay rate (λ) = 0.693 / Half life (t½)
Decay rate (λ) = 0.693 / 14.9 years
Decay rate = 0.0465 year⁻¹
Thus, we can conclude that the decay rate is 0.0465 year⁻¹
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Which can be excluded from a list of objects in the solar system?(1 point)
planet
constellation
asteroid belt
sun
Answer:
The answer is a constellation
(20) SEP Engage in Argument Of all the noble gases, helium and neon, are completely
inert, as they do not form any chemical compounds. However, some of the heavier
noble gases, such as Kr, Xe, and Rn, are capable of forming a few chemical
compounds. Using periodic properties and electron configurations, explain how
this can occur moving down this group of elements.
Answer:
As you move down the periodic table, atomic radii increase (more shells in the electron configuration), and the first ionization energy decreases. Electrons of the outermost shell of the atom are further away, and their attraction to the nucleus, therefore, decreases, making it easier for elements with high electronegativity such as Fluorine to form compounds with them.
What is the answer to the question???
Answer:
7 valence electrons.
would be needed
Can someone check my answers plssss? (**)- means answer
1. The Earth only has climate change because of human activity.
True
False**
2. The Earth is currently experiencing _____.
An Ice Age**
A Carbon Cycle Age
A Thermal Phase Change
An Interglacial Age
3. TRICKY QUESTION: What in one thing that scientists DO NOT use to study climate change? Choose only ONE Answer.
Number of Living trees
Pollen in bogs/lakes
Tree Rings
Ice core samples**
4. Why were the humans able to develop agriculture at the beginning of the Holocene Period?
Woolly mammoth herds left behind large numbers of animal droppings for fertilizer.
The ice from the previous ice age melted and the climate was warmer.**
Cave Men developed metal working technology that helped them make plows.
Holocene period men were able to select cold loving plants as crops.
5. TRICKY QUESTION: Humans impact the environment and the climate on the Earth. There are daily activities that you do that can affect coral reefs in oceans far away. What should you NOT DO where you live to help protect them?
Use less energy.
Plant trees/forest.
Use more water.**
Thank you <3
1. The Earth only has climate change because human activity is TRUE.
2. The Earth is currently experiencing An Ice Age.
3. Ice core samples
4. The ice from the previous ice age melted and the climate was warmer.
5. Use more water.
Humans impact the physical environment in many ways including overpopulation pollution, burning of fossil fuels, and deforestation. Such changes are causing climate change soil erosion declining air quality and water unfit for drinking.
Pollution overfishing destructive fishing with dynamite and cyanide, collecting live corals for the aquarium market, mining corals for building materials, and climate warming are the many different things that humans do to coral reefs around the world every day. just a fraction of the damage. Climate change will lead to the Warming of the oceans causing heat stress that contributes to coral bleaching and infectious diseases.
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What is the ratio of argon-40 to potassium-40 two half-lives
after the rock has formed?
The ratio of argon-40 to potassium-40 two half-lives after the rock has formed is 7:1.
The half-life of a radioactive compound tells us the time needed for half of the atoms of any compound to go through the radioactive decay.
We know that, half-life of potassium-40 is 1.25 billion years because this is how long it takes for half of the number of atoms which are present in the sample to decay to argon-40.
The half-life of potassium-40 which decays by the beta emission is 1.28 × 10⁹ years. The half-life of potassium-40 which decays by the positron emission is 1.19 × 10¹⁰ years.
40 K which naturally occurs decays to the stable 40 Ar which is 11.2%, It happens by the capture of electron and by positron emission. It gets decayed to stable 40 Ca (88.8%) by emission of negatrons. Half-life of 40 K 1.25 x 10⁹ years.
The dating method of potassium-argon is specifically useful in determining the Lava age.
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The difference between Ionic bond and Covalent bond.
The difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond is that ionic bod are made regardless if atoms are metal or nonmetal, while covalent bonds always are generated between non-metals atoms.
What is a covalent bond?A covalent bond is a chemical bond between two atoms that are non-metals such as between hydrogen and oxygen atoms, while ionic bonds involve metals and non-metal atoms one example of this type of bond is the NaCl sodium chloride.
Therefore, with this information, we can conclude that ionic and covalent bonds are distinct due to the atoms that form the chemical bond.
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Sort the Physical Properties of Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids I will mark the brainiest
Answer:
Metals: Malleable, Conductor, Ductile, Luster
Nonmetals: Insulator, Brittle, Dull
Metalloids: Properties of BOTH Metals & Nonmetals
what is the change in internal energy (in j) of a system that absorbs 0.335 kj of heat from its surroundings and has 0.966 kcal of work done on it? give your answer in scientific notation.
The change in the internal energy is 4.395 kj
What is internal energy?
Rising temperature and changes in state as well as phase from solid state to liquid as well as liquid to gas cause an increase in internal energy. Planetary bodies could be viewed as a fusion of heat engines and heat reservoirs. Internal energy E is stored in the heat reservoirs, and some of it is converted into different kinds of mechanical, electrical, and chemical energies by the heat engines. The sum of the kinetic energy brought on by the molecule's movement and the potential energy brought on by the vibrational motion as well as electric energy of atoms inside of molecules makes up the internal energy U of the a system or a body with clearly defined boundaries. The energy contained in every chemical bond is also referred to as internal energy.
Given;
Q = +0.335 kj
W = - 0.966 kcal = -966 cal = - 4.04kj
del E int = +0.355 - [-4.04]
= 4.395 > 0
{Increase in internal energy}
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Select 2
Which of these are extensive properties?
1.a substance has a volume of 5.4 mL
2.a substance is very malleable (it can be hammered into a shape)
3.a substance has a melting point of 40°C
4.a substance has a mass of 1.25 g
5.a substance has a density of 4.13 g/cm³
Why is downward displacement of water
unsuitable for collecting a gas that dissolves in
water?
Answer:
Answer Down below
Explanation:
Question answered: Why is downward displacement of water unsuitable for collecting a gas that dissolves in water?
: The reason why downward displacement of water unsuitable is bc downward displacement of water as it is less denser than water. meaning it comes out of the surface water, that means it is insoluble in water so it does not dissolve in water.
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Which statement best describes the effect of low ionization energies and low electronegativities on metallic bonding?
The statement best describes the effect of low ionization energies and low electronegativities on metallic bonding is : Delocalization of the valence electrons is simple.
What is ionization energy ?
Ionization energy, also known as ionization potential, is the amount of energy needed to remove an electron from an isolated atom or molecule in physics and chemistry.
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in a second trail, the student accidentally added more naoh(aq) to the flask than was needed to reach the end point, and then recorded the final volume. would this error increase, decrease, or have no effect on the calculated acid concentration for the second trial? justify your answer.
Error increase on the calculated acid concentration for the second trial.
What is titration?By comparing an unknown solution to one with known concentration, a titration can be used to determine the concentration of the unknown solution. The titrant (the known solution) is normally added from a burette to a known volume of the analyte until the reaction is complete (the unknown solution).
If a little more NaOH solution was added, the color of the solution in the flask would become noticeably darker. Due to its sudden appearance, the endpoint must be avoided at all costs. A final volume is read from the burette once the titration reaches the endpoint. A final volume is read from the burette once the titration reaches the endpoint.
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An electrical drill has 100 J of chemical energy. Of the 100 J, 45 J are transformed into kinetic energy and 20 J are transformed into sound. The remaining energy is given off as thermal energy.
What is the thermal energy of the drill?
J
As per law of conservation of energy, the thermal energy of the drill is 35J.
Total energy = Kinetic energy + Sound energy+ Thermal energy
100 = 45+20+ Thermal energy
Thermal energy = 35J
The law of conservation of energy states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed -only converted from one shape of power to any other. because of this a system continually has the same amount of energy, until it's introduced from the out of doors.
The longer we go without making large modifications, the greater the chance of global warming and weather exchange grow to be in our daily lives. whilst we burn fossil fuels, they invent a terrific quantity of greenhouse gasoline emissions.
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Answer:
The answer above is correct! It's 35J :)
Explanation:
Just did it on Edge!
Hope this helped - brainliest would be very much appreciated!
Have a great day :D
How do you find the cation and anion to an element
In order to find the cation and anion of an element, the valence electron of the element needs to be determined.
Valence Electrons
The valence electron of an element is the number of electrons in the outermost shell of the atom of the element.
For example, sodium is an element with the atomic number 11. The electron configuration of sodium is 2, 8, 1.
In other words, sodium atom has a single electron in their outermost shell. Thus, the valence number of electrons in a sodium atom is 1.
In order for a sodium atom to form an ion, the valence electron needs to be donated. Thus:
[tex]Na - e^- -- > Na^+[/tex]
This means that elements form cations by donating their valence electrons. The number of electrons donated will determine the number of positive charges.
Once the valence electron is more than 4, atoms gain electrons to form ions rather than donating electrons.
For example, sulfur is an element with the atomic number 16. The electron configuration is 2,8,6. In other words, sulfur has 6 electrons in its outermost shell.
To form an ion:
[tex]S + 2e^- -- > S^2^-[/tex]
In summary, cations are formed when atoms donate electrons while anions are formed when atoms gain electrons.
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___CU(s) + ___HBr(s) -------> ?
Answer: This reaction will not occur, therefore it cannot be balanced.
Only certain metals reactive enough are able to replace a hydrogen on an acid. This only occurs if the metal is higher on the activity series than hydrogen. In this case Copper is not higher than Hydrogen on the activity series, thus it cannot replace the hydrogen. Meaning No Reaction.
