How many Joules are needed to increase the temperature of 150 g of water from 313K to 338 K?

Lead (Pb )is oxidised and Iodine(I) reduction in the given reaction.

What is oxidation and reduction of elements?

An increase in an element's oxidation state or the loss of electrons is referred to as oxidation.

Gaining electrons or lowering an atom's oxidation state are both considered to be reductions in the context of chemical reactions.

Pb + 2l2 gives Pbl4

The oxidation number of  lead in non bonded form is zero. In PbI4 oxidation number of lead is + 4.There is an increase in the oxidation number. The oxidation number of iodine in free state is zero. Whereas in P I4 oxidation number iodine is -1, there is a decrease in oxidation number.

Hence, lead (Pb )is oxidised and iodine(I) is reduced in the given reaction.

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In the given balanced redox reaction, Pb is oxidised and I is reduced.

What are redox reactions?

From the given balanced redox reaction

Pb + 2 Cl₂ ⇄ PbCl₄

We can identify and write balanced half-reactions describing the oxidation and reduction that happen in this reaction.

Oxidation: Pb → Pb⁴⁺ + 4 e⁻

Reduction: 2 I₂ + 4 e⁻ → 4 I⁻

From the half reactions it is determined that Pb is oxidized and its oxidation number increases from 0 to 4+ while I₂ is reduced and its oxidation number decreases from 0 to 1-.

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The maximum number of dots an electron dot diagram can have is 8.

The maximum number of dots drawn on the side of a chemical symbol in an electron dot diagram is 2.

The electron dot diagrams is otherwise known as Lewis electron dot diagrams, Lewis structure, or simple Lewis diagram. It is a diagrammatic representation of the valence electrons of atoms using dots to represent electrons around the symbols of atoms.

The valence electron of an atom is the number of electrons present in the outermost shell of the atom. According to the rules, the first shell of an atom can take a maximum of 2 electrons while the remaining shells can take a maximum of 8 electrons each.

Atoms with 8 electrons in their outermost shells are said to be in an octet state.

The number of dots an atom will have around it will, therefore, depend on the number of valence electrons it has.  As a rule of thumb, each side of an atom can take a maximum of 2 electrons. Thus, an atom with 8 valence electrons will have 2 dots each on its 4 sides.

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Answer:

the first is 8 an the second one is 2

Explanation:

In order to reconstruct Geologic History, geological principles must be used. Some of the principles of Geology used are:

Principle of Superposition: In a given vertical arrangement of undisturbed sedimentary layers of the flow of lava, the oldest layers are usually the first from the bottom up and the youngest are the first from top down. [See Image A]

Horizontality: Usually rock sediments are first deposited in an approximately horizontal manner. Where deformations such as folds and tilts are observed, it is a result of deformation which comes after deposition.

Inclusion: All Inclusions that are not part of the rock formation are deemed to be older that the rock formation.

Metamorphism: A hot magma intrusion "bakes" the somewhat colder surrounding rock. The rock that is cooked during this Contact Metamorphism procedure must be older.

Cross- Cu.tt.ing Relations: If one geological feature cuts over another, the cut feature is older.

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The enthalpy of the reaction 12173 J/°C

Heat capacity or thermal capability is a bodily belonging of count number, described as the quantity of warmth to be supplied to an object to provide a unit trade in its temperature. The SI unit of heat capacity is joule in line with kelvin. heat capacity is an intensive property.

Heat capability is described as the quantity of warmth strength required to raise the temperature of a given quantity of matter through one diploma Celsius. warmth ability for a given count depends on its length or amount and as a result, it's far an extensive asset. The unit of heat capacity is joule in line with Kelvin or joule according to degree Celsius.

Calculation:-

heat = msΔT

        = 0.50 × 3290 × (25.2 - 21.5)

         = 0.50 × 3290 × 3.7

          = 6086.5 J

q = mΔHf

ΔHf = q/m

       = 12173 J/°C

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The number of photons that is emitted per second is 7.9 * 10^18 photons per second.

We know that the photons have to do with the particles of light that are in motion. Now, we know that the power that is being produced by the heat lamps have been obtained as 26.0 watts. It is also know that this could be written as 26 J/s.

We now have to find the energy of the photons;

Wavelength of the photons = 6.0 μm or 6 * 10^-6 m

Plank's constant = 6.6 * 10^-34 Js

Speed of light = 3 * 10^-10 m/s

Now, we have

E = 6.6 * 10^-34 * 3 * 10^-10 /6 * 10^-6

E = 3.3 * 10^- 18 J

We have;

26 J/s * 1 photon/ 3.3 * 10^- 18 J

= 7.9 * 10^18 photons per second.

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The empirical formulae of the compounds which contain: 5.85 g K, 2.10 g N , 4.80 g O is KNO₂.

given that :

mass of potassium , K = 5.85 g

molar mass of potassium = 39 g/mol

mass of nitrogen , N = 2.10 g

molar mass of nitrogen = 14

mass of oxygen , O = 4.80 g

molar mass of oxygen = 16

now, we have calculate the number of mole for each atom :

number of moles of potassium , K = mass / molar mass

                                                         = 5.85 / 39

                                                         = 0.15 mol

number of moles of nitrogen , N = 2.10 / 14

                                                      = 0.15 mol

number of moles of oxygen , O = 4.80 / 16

                                                     = 0.3 mol

now, dividing by the smallest one , we get

moles of K = 0.15 / 0.15 = 1

moles of N = 0.15 / 0.15 = 1

moles of O = 0.3 / 0.15 = 2

The empirical formula = KNO₂

Thus, The empirical formula of the compounds which contain: 5.85 g K, 2.10 g N , 4.80 g O is KNO₂.

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The wavelength of the wave is obtained as 0.4 m.

The wavelength has to do with the distance that have been covered by the wave. In this case, we can use the frequency of the wave that have been supplied in the question and the speed of light which is a constant to be able to obtain the wavelength of the wave.

Knowing that;

wavelength = speed of light/frequency

speed of light = 3 * 10^8 m/s

Frequency = 742 * 10^3 Hz

wavelength =  3 * 10^8 m/s/ 742 * 10^3 Hz

= 0.4 m

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Answer:

B.) 10.9 g

Explanation:

To find the mass of Mg(NO₃)₂, you need to (1) convert the volume from mL to L, then (2) calculate the amount of moles (using the molarity equation), and then (3) convert moles to grams (using the molar mass). It is important to arrange the conversions/ratios in a way that allows for the cancellation of units.

(Step 1)

1,000 mL = 1 L

 183 mL                1 L
--------------  x  -----------------  =  0.183 L
                        1,000 mL

(Step 2)

Molarity = moles / volume (L)                   <----- Molarity equation

0.400 M = moles / 0.183 L                        <----- Insert variables

0.0732 = moles                                        <----- Multiply both sides by 0.183

(Step 3)

Atomic Mass (Mg): 24.305 g/mol

Atomic Mass (N): 14.007 g/mol

Atomic Mass (O): 15.999 g/mol

Molar Mass (Mg(NO₃)₂): 24.305 g/mol + 2(14.007 g/mol) + 6(15.999 g/mol)

Molar Mass (Mg(NO₃)₂): 148.313 g/mol

 0.0732 moles Mg(NO₃)₂             148.313 g
---------------------------------------  x  ---------------------  =  10.9 g Mg(NO₃)₂
                                                         1 mole

Yes, this replacement reaction 3Ca + Au₂S₃ → 3CaS + 2Au.

A replacement reaction occurs when elements switch places in compounds. This type of reaction involves ions.

Generally, more reactive elements replace less reactive elements. A single replacement reaction occurs when one element replaces another element in one compound.

A single replacement reaction, sometimes called a single displacement reaction, is a reaction in which one element is substituted for another element in a compound. The starting materials are always pure elements, such as a pure zinc metal or hydrogen gas, plus an aqueous compound.

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The number of electrons represented by the following quantum numbers is 1 electron

The set of numbers used to describe the position and energy of the electron in an atom are called quantum numbers. There are four quantum numbers, namely, principal (n), azimuthal (l), magnetic(m) and spin quantum numbers (s). The values of the conserved quantities of a quantum system are given by quantum numbers.

According to the data given, n=2 which means the shell number is 2, l =-1 means its the subshell is p and only one orientation, which can accomodate maximum of 2 electrons, but as the ms = 1/2 so we are here talking about just one electron with a +1/2 spin

Therefore with the above given quantum number the electron represented is one

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Answer:

During complete combustion, natural gas combines with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water vapor.

Explanation:

A fuel undergoes a complete combustion process when it swiftly combines with oxygen (O2), which then forms carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O).

The volume of 42 gallons in liters is 158.99 liters.

What is a bathtub?

It is a big and open container that is normally filled with water and used to bathe the body.

What is liter?

This is a  unit used in measuring volume. It is not a standard unit of measurement. A liter is equivalent in volume to a millistere. the symbol is ( L).

1 gallon = 3.7854 liters

Therefore 42 gallons  in liters will be:

42 *3.7854= 158.99 liters

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Answer:

Calcium Hydroxide is more soluble in water

Explanation:

Calcium Hydroxide is more soluble in water as all group 2 carbonates are not very soluble while Group 2 hydroxides are moderately soluble.

The partial pressure of nitrogen gas in 2L sample of gas 1 and gas 2 are equal.

The overall pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures exerted by each individual gas in the mixture, according to Dalton's law of partial pressures, a gas law.

P'=X° ×Pt ( P' = partial pressure , Xi = mole fraction , Pt= Total pressure )

Gas 1  ( ∵1 mole of gas = 22.4L)

Nitrogen moles = 80% × 2L / 22.4L

=8/5x22.4L

Oxygen moles = 20% ×2L /22.4L

2/5 × 22.4l

Mole fraction of nitrogen =  (8/5 ×22.4L) ÷ (8/5 ×22.4L+ 2/5x22.4L)

=4/5

Partial pressure of nitrogen at 1 atm = 4/5 * 1

=4/5

Similarly Gas 2

Nitrogen moles = 80% × 2L / 22.4L

=16/10 × 22.4L

Oxygen moles = 15%  × 2L /22.4L

3/10 × 22.4l

Carbon dioxide moles = 5% × 2L /22.4L

1/10 × 22.4L

Mole fraction of nitrogen =  (16/10 × 22.4L) ÷ (16/10 ×22.4L+ 3/10x22.4l + 1/10X22.4L) = 4/5

Partial pressure of nitrogen at 1 atm = 4/5 * 1

=4/5

Hence, partial pressure of nitrogen in gas 1 and gas 2 are equal.

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The internal energy of a human body is the net energy contained in the body due motion of its particle or molecules.

In a human body the internal energy is stored . It increases when the temperature of the body rises, or when the body observes some changes. Internal energy we can say that is the sum of kinetic and potential energy of all particles in the body.

Internal energy is a state function of a system and is an extensive quantity. Every substance possesses a fixed quantity of energy which depends upon  its chemical nature and also on its state of existence. Every substance have a definite value of Internal energy.

The change in the Internal energy of a reaction may be considered as the difference between the internal energies of the two states.

ΔU = [tex]E_{B}[/tex] - [tex]E_{A}[/tex]     where [tex]E_{B}[/tex] and [tex]E_{A}[/tex] are the initial energies of states A and B. Or we can also write the equation as:

ΔU = ΔE

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Answer:

When melted at high temperature, sodium chlorideseparates into sodium and chloride ions, so that, electrolysis can take place to form sodium atom and chlorine gas .

The number of common amino acids that are formed and used by living organisms is twenty (20), and nine are essential for living.

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins that are linked by peptide bonds to form biomolecules. Proteins may be composed of 20 different types of amino acids, which include 9 essential amino acids that the human cannot synthesize and must be consumed from the diet.

Amino acids include, for example, leucine, isoleucine, tryptophan, tyrosine, etc. All these molecules contain an amino group and also a carboxylic group that gives them the name of amino acids.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that amino acids are composed of an amine group and a carboxylic group and they are 20 of which nine (9) are essential because the human body cannot synthesize them and must be obtained from the foods.

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The intermolecular forces between the oxygen molecules are very weak because of which a very less amount of energy is required for the oxygen to evaporate into a gas. There is no H-bonding or dipole movement present in oxygen molecules because of which the forces binding the molecules are absent in oxygen.

hence your correct option should be D

The mass of the iron at 100°C is equal to 531.3 grams.

The specific heat capacity can be defined as the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature by one-degree Celcius in one unit of substance.

The energy is lost or absorbed will change the temperature of the substance, which can be shown as:

Q = mCΔT

Given, the initial temperature of the iron = 100°C

The initial temperature of water = 25 °C

The final temperature of both iron and water = 65°C

The specific heat capacity of the iron, C = 0.450 J/g°C

Water's specific heat capacity, C = 4.184 J/g°C

Heat lost by Iron (Fe) = Heat absorbed by water

- m × (0.450 J/g°C) × (65 - 100)°C =  50 × (4.184 J/g°C) × (65 - 25)°C

15.75 m = 8368

m = 531.3 g

Therefore, the mass of the iron is 531.3 grams.

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The specific kind of potential energy does pemican have of dietary calories is chemical potential energy.

What is potential energy?

potential energy, stored in energy that depends upon  to the relative position of the  various parts of a system. A spring has more potential energy when it is the  compressed or stretched.

Sol-Chemical energy is simply energy that is stored to in compounds or elementary are  specifically in the atomic bonds that connect atoms and the  molecules. In food, it is  a form of potential energy id  because it's stores away.

The type of potential energy is  that exists within chemical bonds, and it is  released when of  those bonds are broken, is called chemical energy. Chemical energy is the  responsible for providing is  living cells with energy from food. The release of energy occurs in  when the molecular bonds are within food molecules are broken.

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Hello!

Answer:

True :P

The frequency of the color of red light that has a wavelength of 663nm is 4.52 × 10¹⁴Hz.

Frequency of a wave is the quotient of the number of times (n) a periodic phenomenon occurs over the time (t) in which it occurs.

Wavelength is the length of a single cycle of a wave, as measured by the distance between one peak or trough of a wave and the next.

Wavelength is often designated in physics as λ, and corresponds to the velocity of the wave divided by its frequency.

According to this question, the wavelength of a particular color of red light is 663nm. The frequency can be calculated as follows:

663 × 10-⁹ = 3 × 10⁸ ÷ f

f = 3 × 10⁸ ÷ 6.63 × 10-⁷

f = 4.52 × 10¹⁴Hz

Therefore, 4.52 × 10¹⁴Hz is the frequency of the color of the red light.

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The mass of the solute required is 250.25 g.

We know that the number of moles of the solute can be used to obtain the mass of the solute that is  required. We can now try to find the mass of the solute that is required.

Concentration of the solution = 0.350M

Volume of the solution = 6.5 L

Number of moles of the solute = 0.350M *  6.5 L

= 2.275 moles

We now have the mass of the solute as;

2.275 moles  * 110 g/mol

= 250.25 g

Th measured mass of the solute that we would have to use is 250.25 g.

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Missing parts;

A chemist wants to make 6.5 L of a .350M CaCl2 solution. What mass of CaCl2(in g) should the chemist use?

Atom consists of electron, proton and neutron.  The number of proton and electrons is 25. The number of neutron is 30. The given element is manganese, Mn.

Atom is the smallest particle of any matter. Atom combines to form element and element combine to form molecule or compound.

Mass number =Number of neutrons+ number of protons

Mass number =55

Number of neutrons=atomic number+5

Substituting the given values in the above formula

55 =atomic number+5+ number of protons

50=2×atomic number

Atomic number=25

Therefore, the number of proton and electrons is 25. The number of neutron is 30. The given element is manganese, Mn.

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The figures illustrate the law of multiple proportions because the empirical formulas of the two oxides are CO and [tex]CO_2[/tex] respectively.

The law of multiple proportions states that when two elements combine with each other to form more than one chemical compound, the weights of one element that combine with a fixed weight of the other are usually in small whole-number ratios.

The figures mentioned in the problems can be tested for agreement with the law of multiple proportions by finding the empirical formulas of the two oxides formed against a fixed weight of carbon:

The analysis of the first oxide is as follows:

C = 42.9

O = 100-42.9

   = 57.1

The equivalent mole of each atom will then be calculated by dividing each atom by their respective molar weights:

C = 12 g/mol

O = 16 g/mol

C = 42.9/12

  = 3.56

O = 57.1/16

   = 3.56

Thus, the empirical formula of the first oxide is CO.

The second oxide:

C = 27.3

O = 100 - 27.3

   = 72.7

The equivalent mole of each atom will be:

C = 27.3/12

  = 2.27

O = 72.7/16

   = 4.54

Dividing the moles by the smallest mole

C = 2.27/2.27

  = 1

O = 4.54/2.27

   = 2

Thus, the empirical formula of the second oxide is [tex]CO_2[/tex].

The first oxide gives CO while the second oxide gives  [tex]CO_2[/tex]. The weight of oxygen that combines with the fixed weight of carbon can be seen to be in simple whole-number ratios (1 and 2).

In other words, the figures quoted obeys the law of multiple proportions.

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In business, it is crucial to keep costs low because when costs exceed the profits or income then the business runs out of cash and becomes bankrupt.

A cost is the worth of money that has been used up to create something or supply a service and is thus no longer accessible for use in production, research, retail, or accounting.

In business, the cost might be one of acquisition, in which case the money spent to obtain it is recognized as cost.

Businesses incur two sorts of expenses: fixed and variable costs. Variable costs change with production, but fixed costs do not. Overhead expenses are another term for fixed costs.

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