The balanced chemical equation for the formation of copper (III) oxide [tex]Cu2O3[/tex](Cu2O3) from copper[tex](Cu)[/tex] (Cu) and oxygen[tex]O2[/tex] (O2) is:
[tex]4Cu + 3O2 ---- > 2Cu2O3[/tex] 4Cu + 3O2 → 2Cu2O3
How many moles of o2 are required to form 12 moles of copper (III) oxide?
From the equation, we can see that for every [tex]3[/tex] 3 moles of [tex]O2[/tex] O2, [tex]2[/tex]2 moles of [tex]Cu2O3[/tex] Cu2O3 are formed. Therefore, the number of moles of [tex]O2[/tex] O2 required to form [tex]12[/tex] 12 moles of [tex]Cu2O3[/tex] Cu2O3 can be calculated as follows:
Number of moles of[tex]O2 = (12 mol Cu2O3) * (3 mol O2/2 mol Cu2O3)[/tex]
O2 = (12 mol Cu2O3) x (3 mol O2/2 mol Cu2O3)
Number of moles of [tex]O2 = 18[/tex] O2 = 18 moles of [tex]O2[/tex] O2
Therefore, [tex]18[/tex] 18 moles of [tex]O2[/tex] O2 are required to form [tex]12[/tex] 12 moles of copper (III) oxide.
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Can anyone explain what's happening here? (70 points)
The subject is chemistry
The first image illustrates the variation in the pressure, volume, and temperature of given masses of gases.
The second picture illustrates the cooling/heating curve of a substance.
The third picture illustrates the increase in the volume of a gas in a balloon with the increase in temperature.
The fourth picture shows the increase and decrease in the volume of a gas with temperature.
What is the effect of temperature on the volume of a gas?The volume of a gas is inversely related to its pressure and directly related to its temperature and mass.
The kinetic energy of the gas molecules increases together with the temperature, as does their velocity. Additionally, the intermolecular forces between the molecules loosen, causing the spaces between the molecules to widen and the volume to rise.
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1. Distinguish between renewable and non-renewable energy.
2. Define gravitational force.
3. Calculate the force acting on a body of mass 45kg accelerating 5m/s2.
4. List four planets.
5. Outline two advantages of renewable energy.
PLEASE HELP IM CONFUSEDD
A student adds 88.4 g of sucrose(molar mass=342.3 g/mol to 1.50 L of 20 degrees C water she stirs until all the crystals dissolve what is the solutions molarity
provide the mechanism of hydrolysis of 2-methylpropionic acid nitrile in acidic conditions
The hydrolysis of 2-methylpropionic acid nitrile in acidic conditions proceeds through an acid-catalyzed mechanism.
The mechanism can be described as follows:
Protonation of the nitrile group by the acid catalyst to form a protonated nitrile intermediate.Nucleophilic attack of water on the protonated nitrile intermediate to form a protonated amide intermediate.Deprotonation of the protonated amide intermediate by the acid catalyst to form the corresponding carboxylic acid.Protonation of the water molecule by the acid catalyst to generate a hydronium ion, which can then protonate another molecule of the nitrile substrate and continue the reaction.The hydrolysis of 2-methylpropionic acid nitrile in acidic conditions results in the conversion of the nitrile group to a carboxylic acid group through the addition of a water molecule and subsequent proton transfer steps. This reaction is commonly used in the synthesis of carboxylic acids from nitriles, and is an important process in organic chemistry.
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If I have 7.70 moles of gas at a pressure of
0.0900 atm and at a temperature of
56.0°C, what is the volume of the container
that the gas is in?
Answer: 2310
Explanation:
PV=nRT therefore V=nRT/
n= 7.70 moles
P= 0.0900atm
T= 56.O°C or 329.15K
R= 0.08206
V= ((7.70)(0.08206)(329.15))/0.0900
V= 2310
I have 0.345 L of a 1.5 M NaCl solution. If i boil the water until the volume of the solution id 0.250 L, What will the molarity of the solution be?
A. 2.07 M
B. 0.21 M
C. 1.09 M
D. 0.11 M
Which of the following best describes the third law of thermodynamics?
A) U(univ) = U(sys) + U(surr)
B) S* = 0 for perfect Li(s) at 0 K
C) S (univ) > 0 (spontaneous process)
D) SH(rev)/T at constant T
E) G=H-TS
g/Fr
5 m
16.
(2) If 550 kJ of energy are added to 2200. grams of water at 22 °C, what is the final temperature of the
water? CH₂0-4.184 J/g °C
1
For our purposes, we'll rearrange the specific heat equation to produce the temperature rise (T=Q mc T = Q m c), then use it in combination with a revised equation for the temperature change to determine the ultimate temperature (T=Ti+T T f = T i + T).
How do you calculate the ultimate temperature when combining two liquids?The first container's mass and temperature are multiplied together, and the result is added to the second container's mass and temperature to determine the mixture's water temperature. Finally, divide that outcome by the combined water masses in each container.
Accordingly, 1 g of has 540 calories of heat energy in excess of 1 g of water.
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K2S is an ionic compound. We need to know the number of particles it breaks into when it dissolves, the Van't Hoff Factor. How many particles does K2S break into in water? Van't Hoff Factor =
van 't Hoff factor for ionic compound [tex]K_{2}[/tex]S is 3.
Define van 't Hoff factor
The van 't Hoff factor is the difference between the concentration of a material determined by its mass and the concentration of particles actually formed when the substance is dissolved. The van 't Hoff factor is virtually 1 for the majority of non-electrolytes dissolved in water.
The van 't Hoff factor for the majority of ionic compounds dissolved in water is equal to the number of discrete ions in the substance's formula unit. Only perfect solutions can claim this as ion pairing occasionally happens in solutions. Only a small portion of the ions are ever coupled and count as a single particle at any given time. In all electrolyte solutions, ion pairing takes place to some extent.
[tex]K_{2}[/tex]S ⇒ 2K+ + S2-
[tex]K_{2}[/tex]S dissolves into 3 particles .
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The Vant Hoff factor as [tex]K_{2}S[/tex] break into in water is 3
What does vant Hoff factor mean?
The ratio of a substance's mass concentration to the concentration of the particles that are produced when it dissolves is known as the Van't Hoff factor. The Van't Hoff factor describes how much a substance associates or dissociates in a solution.
The ratio of the final moles following dissociation or association to the beginning moles before to dissociation or association of an electrolyte in a solution is known as the Van't Hoff factor. The solute's property governs the number of particles, which is independent of the solution's concentration.
[tex]K_{2}S[/tex] ⇒ 2K+ + -[tex]S_{2}[/tex]
[tex]K_{2}S[/tex] dissolves into 3 particles .
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When some water condensed onto a glass, it released 9.15 Cal (kcal) of energy. How many joules of energy is this?
On converting Calories to joules, 9.15 Cal is 38.28 joules of energy.
We will see how to convert calories to joules of energy. We have obtained the following data from the given question. We are given that energy is released in calories which is 9.15 calories and we have to find energy in joules by converting the energy from calories to joules.
We have got a conversion scale to convert calories to joules. We know that
1 Calorie = 4.184 Joules
Using the above scale, we can convert 9.15 calories to joules as given below:
1 Calorie = 4.184 Joules
Therefore,
9.15 Calories = (9.15 Calories × 4.184 Joules) / 1 Calorie
9.15 Calories = 38.28 Joules
Therefore, we can conclude from the above calculation that the energy in joules is 38.28 Joules.
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Answer:
38,200J
Explanation:
9.15 x 4.18 x 1000= 38,247 → 38,200J
Given the equation, 2 C₂H6(s) + 702(g) → 6 H₂O(l) + 4 CO₂(g),
how many liters of carbon dioxide gas will be created with 4.6 L of
oxygen gas?
A. 128.8 L
B. 8.1 L
C. 2.6 L
D. 1.4 L
E. 6.2 L
2 L
The solution is D. 1.4 L The formula is 2 C2H6(s), 702(g), 6 H2O(l), and 4 CO2(g). According to this equation, four molecules of carbon dioxide and seven molecules of oxygen are created for every two molecules of C2H6.
We can thus determine how many litres of carbon dioxide gas will be produced if we have 4.6 litres of oxygen gas. By dividing 4.6 litres of oxygen gas by 7, we get 0.657 litres of oxygen gas per molecule, which we may use for this purpose.
This is 2.628 litres of carbon dioxide gas when multiplied by four molecules of carbon dioxide. Finally, we arrive at 1.4 litres of carbon dioxide gas after rounding this to the nearest litre. The solution is D as a result.
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is legislation regardingwaste water necessary? yes or no
Animal fats and vegetable oils are triacylglycerols, or triesters, formed from the reaction
of glycerol (1, 2, 3-propanetriol) with three long-chain fatty acids. One of the methods
used to characterize a fat or an oil is a determination of its saponification number. When
treated with boiling aqueous KOH, an ester is saponified into the parent alcohol and fatty
acids (as carboxylate ions). The saponification number is the number of milligrams of
KOH required to saponify 1.000 g of the fat or oil. In a typical analysis, a 2.085-g sample
of butter is added to 25.00 mL of 0.5131 M KOH. After saponification is complete, the
excess KOH is back titrated with 10.26 mL of 0.5000 M HCl. What is the saponification
number for this sample of butter?
Saponification number = (V × M × F × 56.1) / W
Where:
V = volume of HCl used in the back titration
M = molarity of HCl
F = factor of KOH (which is 1 for pure KOH)
W = weight of the butter sample used in grams
First, we need to calculate the amount of KOH used in the saponification reaction:
0.5131 M KOH = 0.5131 moles KOH / liter
25.00 mL KOH = 0.02500 L KOH
moles KOH used = 0.5131 moles/L × 0.02500 L = 0.0128 moles KOH
Since the saponification reaction is a 1:1 reaction between KOH and the triacylglycerol in the butter sample, the amount of butter used is also 0.0128 moles.
Next, we need to calculate the amount of HCl that reacted with the excess KOH:
0.5000 M HCl = 0.5000 moles HCl / liter
10.26 mL HCl = 0.01026 L HCl
moles HCl used = 0.5000 moles/L × 0.01026 L = 0.00513 moles HCl
Since the reaction between HCl and KOH is also a 1:1 reaction, the moles of KOH that were not used in the saponification reaction is equal to the moles of HCl used in the back titration:
moles KOH not used = moles HCl used = 0.00513 moles HCl
To find the saponification number,
Saponification number = (V × M × F × 56.1) / W
Saponification number = (0.01026 L × 0.5000 moles/L × 1 × 56.1) / 2.085 g
Saponification number = 6.50
Therefore, the saponification number for this sample of butter is 6.50.
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What mass in grams of tin would be required to completely react with 1.45 L of 0.750 M HBr in the following chemical reaction?
Sn(s) + 4 HBr(aq) -› SnBr, (aq) + 2 H, (g)
The ionic compound
MX (s) is formed from the metal
M(s) and the diatomic gas
X₂ (9) at standard conditions. Calculate the lattice energy given the following data:
Sublimation
energy
for
M(8)
Bond
energy
for
X₂(g)
lonization
energy
of
M(g)
Electron
affinity
of
X(g)
Enthalpy
of
198 kJ/mol
of
MX()
142 kJ/mol
525 kJ/mol
-372 kJ/mol
formation-639 kJ/mol
Answer:
mark me brilliant
Explanation:
The lattice energy (ΔHlatt) can be calculated using the following equation:
ΔHlatt = ΔHf - ΔHsub - 1/2 ΔHbond - ΔHIE - ΔHEA
where ΔHf is the enthalpy of formation of the ionic compound, ΔHsub is the sublimation energy of the metal, ΔHbond is the bond energy of the diatomic gas, ΔHIE is the ionization energy of the metal, and ΔHEA is the electron affinity of the gas.
Substituting the given values:
ΔHlatt = (-639 kJ/mol) - (198 kJ/mol) - 1/2(142 kJ/mol) - (525 kJ/mol) - (-372 kJ/mol)
ΔHlatt = -639 kJ/mol - 198 kJ/mol - 71 kJ/mol - 525 kJ/mol + 372 kJ/mol
ΔHlatt = -1061 kJ/mol
Therefore, the lattice energy of the ionic compound MX is -1061 kJ/mol. Note that the negative sign indicates that the process of forming the solid ionic compound from the separate ions is exothermic (releases heat).
write the acidic equilibrium equation for CCl2HCOOH
The acidic equilibrium equation for CCl₂HCOOH, which is also known as dichloroacetic acid, can be written as; CCl₂HCOOH ⇌ CCl₂HCOO⁻ + H⁺
In this equation, CCl₂HCOOH represents dichloroacetic acid in its uncharged, acidic form. When dichloroacetic acid dissolves in water or an aqueous solution, it can dissociate into its corresponding ions, CCl₂HCOO⁻ (dichloroacetate ion) and H⁺ (hydrogen ion).
The arrow (⇌) indicates that the reaction can proceed in both directions, with dichloroacetic acid donating a hydrogen ion to form the dichloroacetate ion, and the dichloroacetate ion accepting a hydrogen ion to reform dichloroacetic acid. This is an example of a weak acid dissociating in water to form its conjugate base and hydrogen ions, establishing an acidic equilibrium.
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In the reaction N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) 2NH3 (g) + heat, an increase in pressure is required to speed up the reaction.
TRUE OR FALSE?
a student reacts 1.2 g of carbon with 16.2g of zinc oxide. the resulting products are 4.4g of carbon dioxide and 113g of zinc. Determine the balanced equation for this reaction? can i have some help with this
The balanced equation for the reaction is written as:
C + 2ZnO -> CO₂ + 2Zn
How do i write the balanced equation for the reaction?Chemical equation equation basically has two sides. These are the reactants and products
Reactants -> Products
The balancing of chemical equation is done by ensuring that the number of atoms of the reactants is equal to the number of atoms of the products.
Now, we shall write the balance the equation as follow:
Carbon => CZinc oxide => ZnOcarbon dioxide => CO₂Zinc => ZnC + ZnO -> CO₂ + Zn
There are 2 atoms of O on the right side and 1 atom on the left side. It can be balanced by writing 2 before ZnO as shown below:
C + 2ZnO -> CO₂ + Zn
There are 2 atoms of Zn on the left side and 1 atom on the right side. It can be balanced by writing 2 before Zn as shown below:
C + 2ZnO -> CO₂ + 2Zn
Thus, the equation is balanced!
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2.
101.3 Kpa
In a balloon, the pressure is 385 atm with a volume of 1.5 L at 25 °C. What is the new pressure
when the temperature increases to 32 °C causing the balloon to expand to 2.2 L?
The new pressure of the balloon, given that the temperature increases to 32 °C causing the balloon to expand to 2.2 L is 268.97 atm
How do i determine the new pressure of the balloon?From the question given above, the following data were obtained:
Initial pressure (P₁) = 385 atmInitial volume (V₁) = 1.5 LInitial temperature (T₁) = 25 °C = 25 + 273 = 298 KNew temperature (T₂) = 32 °C = 32 + 273 = 305 KNew volume (V₂) = 2.2 LNew pressure (P₂) = ?The combined gas equation states shown as below:
P₁V₁ / T₁ = P₂V₂ / T₂
Inputting the various parameters, we can obtain the new pressure as follow:
(385 × 1.5) / 298 = (P₂ × 2.2) / 305
Cross multiply
298 × 2.2 × P₂ = 385 × 1.5 × 305
Divide both sides by (298 × 2.2)
P₂ = (385 × 1.5 × 305) / (298 × 2.2)
P₂ = 268.97 atm
Thus, from the above calculation, it is evident tha the new pressure of the balloon is 268.97 atm
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If you have 0.64 L of oxygen at a pressure of 300 kpa with a
temperature of 600k how many moles are present?
The amount of moles are present in the oxygen gas is 0.04 mol.
How many moles are present in the oxygen gas?To calculate the number of moles of oxygen present, we can use the ideal gas law equation:
PV = nRT
Given that:
P = pressure = 300 kPa = 303/101.3 = 2.9911 atm
V = volume = 0.64 L
R = gas constant = 0.08206 Latm/molK
T = temperature = 600 K
n = number of moles (what we are trying to find)
Rearranging the equation to solve for n, we get:
PV = nRT
n = PV / RT
Substituting the given values, we get:
n = ( 2.9911 atm × 0.64 L ) / ( 0.08206 Latm/molK × 600 K )
n = 1.914304 / 49.236
n = 0.04 mol
Therefore, the amount present is 0.04 mol.
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A chemistry student mixes 50.0 mL of 0.100 M HCl with 50.0 mL of 0.25 M Ba(OH)2. The temperature of the solution increases by 2.5°C. What is the deltaH rxn in kJ/mol water formation?
According to specific heat capacity, the ΔH of reaction in kJ/mol water formation is- 1.575 kJ/mol.
Specific heat capacity is defined as the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of substance by one degree Celsius. It has units of calories or joules per gram per degree Celsius.
It varies with temperature and is different for each state of matter. Water in the liquid form has the highest specific heat capacity among all common substances .Specific heat capacity of a substance is infinite as it undergoes phase transition ,it is highest for gases and can rise if the gas is allowed to expand.
It is given by the formula ,
Q=mcΔT it can also be replaced as ΔH= -mcΔt= -0.150×4.2×2.5= - 1.575 where m= 0.250-0.100=0.150.
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Which is an unavoidable error in this experiment?
Responses
A The tube in the machine is on it's seventh run and may contain the remains of old experiments.The tube in the machine is on it's seventh run and may contain the remains of old experiments.
B Injection of the sample into the machine requires a certain minimum time.Injection of the sample into the machine requires a certain minimum time.
C Darryl washed the sample with the wrong solvent.Darryl washed the sample with the wrong solvent.
D Darryl set the temperature on the machine to 350°C instead of 400°CDarryl set the temperature on the machine to 350°C instead of 400°C
how many moles of SnF2 are produced from the reaction of 30g of HF
0.375 moles of SnF_2 are produced from the reaction of 30g of HF.
What are some instances of chemical reactions?When a substance undergoes a chemical transformation, its chemical identity changes. Rust is one illustration of this. An iron nail rusts, turning brown-red, when it comes into touch with water and is then exposed to air. The chemical makeup of the original material is altered throughout this process.
To determine the moles of SnF2:
[tex]SnO_2(s) + 4HF(aq) = > SnF_2(s) + 2H_2O(l)[/tex]
From the balanced equation,
Now, we have to calculate the number of moles of HF from the given mass of 30g:
30g HF x (1 mol HF/20.01 g HF) = 1.50 mol HF
So, we have 1.50 mol of HF.
Applying the stoichiometry from the balanced chemical equation,
1.50 mol HF x (1 mol SnF2/4 mol HF) = 0.375 mol SnF2
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At room temperature, Si is a solid, CCl4 is a liquid, and Ar is a gas. List these substances in order of increasing intermolecular energy of attraction
Answer:
Most energy Si> CCl4 > Ar least energy
Explanation:
The strength of a bond is proportional to its bond/attraction energy. This means the molecule with the strongest bonds will have the strongest energy.
We know that Si has the strongest bonds because each atom in the compound is bonded tightly enough that it is solid. Recall that a solid has molecules closer and and more tightly bonded than in a liquid or gas, when the molecules move freer.
With this in mind, we know that Ar has the weakest attraction strength, and thus weakest energy of attraction, because it is a gas and that atoms move freely and interact minimally. There is not enough attraction for the molecules to form bonds nor to effect one another beyond accidental collisions.
if the reaction used up 2.35 moles of H2 , how many moles of NH3 were produced? use this eqationN2 + 3 H2 → 2 NH3
Answer:
mark me brilliant
Explanation:
According to the balanced chemical equation, for every 3 moles of H2 consumed, 2 moles of NH3 are produced.
Therefore, to find the number of moles of NH3 produced, we need to determine the ratio of H2 to NH3 based on the balanced equation:
3 moles H2 : 2 moles NH3
If 3 moles of H2 produces 2 moles of NH3, then 2.35 moles of H2 would produce:
(2 moles NH3 / 3 moles H2) x 2.35 moles H2 = 1.57 moles NH3
So, 1.57 moles of NH3 would be produced if 2.35 moles of H2 were consumed in this reaction.
I WILL GIVE 35 POINTS TO THOSE WHO ANSWER THIS QUESTION RIGHT NOOOO SCAMS PLEASE
The mass (in grams) of Cu(OH)₂ that can be made when you mix 374.48 mL of 1.451 M NaOH with excess CuCl₂ is 52.98 grams
How do i determine the mass of Cu(OH)₂ formed?First, we shall determine the mole present in 374.48 mL of 1.451 M NaOH Details below:
Volume = 374.48 mL = 374.48 / 1000 = 0.37448 LMolarity = 1.451 MMole of NaOH =?Molarity = Mole / Volume
Cross multiply
Mole of NaOH = molarity × volume
Mole of NaOH = 1.451 × 0.37448
Mole of NaOH = 0.543 mole
Next, we shall determine the mole of Cu(OH)₂ obtained from the reaction. Details below:
CuCl₂ + 2NaOH -> Cu(OH)₂ + 2NaCl
From the balanced equation above,
1 moles of NaOh reacted to produce 1 mole of Cu(OH)₂
Therefore,
0.543 mole of NaOH will also react to produce 0.543 mole of Cu(OH)₂
Finally, we shall determine the mass of Cu(OH)₂ obtained from the reaction. Details below:
Molar mass of Cu(OH)₂ = 97.56 g/mol
Mole of Cu(OH)₂ = 0.543
Mass of Cu(OH)₂ = ?
Mole = mass / molar mass
0.543 = Mass of Cu(OH)₂ / 142
Cross multiply
Mass of Cu(OH)₂ = 0.543 × 97.56
Mass of Cu(OH)₂ = 52.98 grams
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A calorimeter contains 145 g of water at 24.5 °C. A 23.2 g sample of MgBr₂ is added to the water in the calorimeter. After the solid has dissolved, the temperature of the water is 63.0 °C. Calculate the enthalpy of solution, in kJ/mol, for dissolving magnesium bromide in water. Assume that all heat is transferred to the water, and that the specific heat of the solution is the same as that of pure water.
First, we need to calculate the heat absorbed by the water:
q = m × c × ΔT
where q is the heat absorbed, m is the mass of water, c is the specific heat of water, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
q = 145 g × 4.184 J/g°C × (63.0°C - 24.5°C)
q = 16394.12 J
Next, we need to calculate the amount of substance of MgBr₂ that was added to the water:
n = m/MW
where n is the amount of substance, m is the mass of MgBr₂, and MW is the molecular weight of MgBr₂.
MW(MgBr₂) = 184.11 g/mol
n = 23.2 g ÷ 184.11 g/mol
n = 0.1259 mol
Finally, we can calculate the enthalpy of solution, ΔH, using the following formula:
ΔH = q ÷ n
where ΔH is the enthalpy of solution.
ΔH = 16394.12 J ÷ 0.1259 mol
ΔH = 130233.72 J/mol
Converting to kilojoules per mole (kJ/mol):
ΔH = 130.23 kJ/mol
Therefore, the enthalpy of solution for dissolving magnesium bromide in water is 130.23 kJ/mol.
The enthalpy of solution of magnesium bromide in water is calculated using the formula for heat transfer and taking into account the mass of the solvent, the specific heat of the solvent, and the change in temperature. The result is 186 kJ/mol.
Explanation:To calculate the enthalpy of solution of magnesium bromide (MgBr₂), we need to use the formula for heat transfer: Q = m * c * ΔT, where m is the mass of the solvent (water), c is the specific heat of the solvent, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
In our case, the mass of water is 145g, the specific heat of water (c) is 4.18 J/g°C, and the change in temperature (ΔT) is 63.0 °C - 24.5 °C = 38.5 °C.
Using the formula Q = m * c * ΔT, we can calculate the heat transferred to the water: Q = 145g * 4.18 J/g°C * 38.5 °C = 23432 J or 23.432 kJ. This is the heat absorbed by the water.
The enthalpy of the solution is defined as the amount of heat absorbed (or released) when one mole of a substance is dissolved in water. So, to find the enthalpy of solution, we first need to convert the grams of MgBr₂ to moles. The molar mass of MgBr₂ is 184.11 g/mol, so 23.2 g of MgBr₂ is 23.2 g / 184.11 g/mol = 0.126 mol.
Now we can calculate the enthalpy change by dividing the heat absorbed by the moles of the solute: ΔH = Q / n = 23.432 kJ / 0.126 mol = 186 kJ/mol. Therefore, the enthalpy of solution for magnesium bromide in water is 186 kJ/mol.
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Explain the path light travels after its creation until it exits the surface of the Sun.
As photons of light leave the core, they collide with electrons and atomic nuclei, scattering off each one.
What happens to light when it leaves the light source?Rays are straight lines that light waves that move in from their source. Rays do not curve around corners, therefore when they come into contact with an opaque object (one that does not allow light to flow through it), they are prevented from reaching the other side.
Light travels in a straight line until it encounters a new medium, whether it be in air, water, glass, diamond, a smokey Broadway stage, or any other transparent substance (or in nothing — the vacuum of space). The path of light is the Ultimate Straight Line, so straight that analogies fail.
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A 12.76 g mixture of sugar ( C12H22O11 ) and table salt ( NaCl ) is dissolved in 237 g of water. The freezing point of the solution was measured as −2.37 ∘C . Calculate the mass percent of sugar in the mixture. A list of Kf values can be found in the colligative constants table.
The mass percentage of the sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) in the mixture, given that the mixture has a mass of 12.76 g, is 85.42%
How do i determine the mass percentage of the sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁)?We'll begin by obtaining the molar mass of sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) and NaCl. Details below:
For C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁
Molar mass of C = 12 g/molMolar mass of H = 1 g/molMolar mass of O = 16 g/molMolar mass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = ?Molar mass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = (12 × 12) + (1 × 22) + (16 × 11)
Molar mass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = 342 g/mol
For NaCl
Molar mass of Na = 23 g/molMolar mass of Cl = 35.5 g/molMolar mass of NaCl =?Molar mass of NaCl = 23 + 35.5
Molar mass of NaCl = 58.5 g/mol
Next, we shall obtain the mass of the sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) in the mixture. Details below:
Molar mass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = 342 g/molMolar mass of NaCl = 58.5 g/molMass of mixture = 12.76 gMass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ =?Mass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = [molar mass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ / molar mass of (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + NaCl)] × mass of mixture
Mass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = [342 / (342 + 58.5)] × 12.76
Mass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = 10.90 g
Finally, we shall determine the mass percentage of the sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁). This is illustrated as follow:
Mass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = 10.90 gMass of mixture = 12.76 gMass percentage of sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) =?Mass percentage of sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) = (mass of of KClO₃ / mass of mixture) × 100
Mass percentage of sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) = (10.90 / 12.76) × 100
Mass percentage of sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) = 85.42%
Thus, the mass percentage of the sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) is 85.42%
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