how many unpaired electrons are in the carbon atom? this atom is ... a. paramagnetic ... b. diamagnetic

The ability of sim agar to test for hydrogen sulfide production is based on the addition of which of the following substrates - Peptones, Sodium Thiosulphate, Ferrous Sulfate.

An example of a multi-test medium is SIM (sulfide, indole, motility) media, which examines multiple aspects of the bacterium's metabolism simultaneously. In this instance, motility, indole synthesis, and hydrogen sulfide generation.

Motility, indole, and sulfur. This media is differential. It examines an organism's capacity to reduce sulfur, make indole, and move through the agar (be motile). SIM is frequently used to distinguish between Enterobacteriaceae species.

Pancreatic digest of casein, peptic digest of animal tissue, ferrous ammonium sulfate Fe(NH4)2(SO4), sodium thiosulfate Na2S2O3, agar (3.5 g/L), and distilled water are all ingredients in SIM Medium.

The colorless gas hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has a pungent smell of rotting eggs. The eyes and respiratory system may get irritated after being exposed to hydrogen sulfide.

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The standard Gibbs free energy of formation of is zero are option (b) K(s) and (c) Cl₂(g).

Gibbs free energy may be more than zero, much less than zero, and identical to zero. If Gibbs free energy is more than zero the response is a nonspontaneous reaction. If Gibbs free energy is less than zero the reaction is a spontaneous reaction.

The usual Gibbs free energy of formation of a compound is the exchange of Gibbs unfastened energy that accompanies the formation of 1 mole of that substance from its issue elements, of their well known states.

Gibbs free energy, G is a price that defines how spontaneous a response is, with a poor fee which means the reaction is spontaneous, and a advantageous cost that means the reaction is nonspontaneous. This fee is the combination of enthalpy and entropy.

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An infrared wave has a wavelength of 0.00005 m. this wavelength in scientific notation is 5.0 × 10⁻⁵ m.

Scientific notation is also called as standard form. Scientific notation is used to express the number that is too large number  or too small is  convenient written in a decimal form. scientific notation contains two part decimal number multiply power of 10.

given data is as follows :

infrared wave has wavelength = 0.000005 m

the scientific notation of the wavelength given is = 5.0 × 10⁻⁵ m

Thus, An infrared wave has a wavelength of 0.00005 m. this wavelength in scientific notation is 5.0 × 10⁻⁵.

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Every substance might have its own unique properties. They can be of characteristic physical and chemical properties  by which they can be identified.

Physical properties of a substance include the properties related to its mass, volume, density its phase change etc. Various physical properties include density, conductivity, melting point, boiling point etc.

Chemical properties of a substance include its reactivity, bond type etc. The reactivity of each substance may vary based on their bond type and intermolecular force of attraction. Each substance shows different reactivity  towards air, water, with other metals and chemicals.

Similarly, the state of each substance it mostly exists will be different. Therefore, by determining the physical and chemical properties of the substance, we can identify the substance.

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564.930995917 ml of potassium hydroxide would have to be added .

What is pH ?

The pH of a food is a direct function of the free hydrogen ions present in that food. Acids in food release free hydrogen ions. Hydrogen ions give acidic foods their characteristic sour taste. Therefore, pH can be defined as a measure of free acid. More specifically, pH is defined as the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration. The pH range is 0 to 14. The pH of pure water is exactly 7, so pH 7 is neutral. Values ​​less than 7 are acidic. Values ​​above 7 are basic or basic.

Foods are generally classified as “acidic foods” (low pH, pH 4.6 or less) or “weakly acidic foods” (high pH, ​​pH 4.6 or higher). Safe food storage is determined by the pH of the food. Acidic foods such as fruit and pickles can be safely canned in a tin can with a hot water bath. A combination of acid and hot water (212°F) destroys perishable organisms such as mold and yeast. Proper cooking water canning processes are important to prevent the growth of acid-tolerant molds and yeasts that can lead to elevated pH levels. The pH of borderline foods such as figs and tomatoes can easily exceed 4.6, so lemon juice or citric acid should be added before canning with boiling water. Low-acid foods such as vegetables and meat should be processed in a pressure preserver for safety.

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The molarity of the ethanol is 11.29M .

What is molarity ?

Molar concentration, also known as molarity, amount concentration, or substance concentration, is a unit used to describe the amount of a substance in a solution expressed as a percentage of its volume. The number of moles per litre, denoted by the unit symbol mol/L or mol/dm3 in SI units, is the most widely used unit for molarity in chemistry. One mol/L of a solution's concentration is referred to as one molar, or 1 M.

The mass of one mole of ethanol is 46.07 g/mol.

The number of mole in 50.500 g ethanol is 50.500/46.07 = 1.096158 mole.

We know that,

Mass = Density × Volume.

The final volume of the solution 750.0ml and the density of the solution is 1.20g/ml.

The mass of the solution is 1.20g/ml × 750.0ml = 900 gm.

The mass of water is (900-50.500) = 849.5 gm.

So the term molarity is defined as:

One of the most common units of concentration, expressed in M. It is defined as no moles of solute in 1 liter of solution.

The molarity of the solution is:

(1.09615 × 1000)/ 849.5  = 1.29M (approx.).

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It will take 24 days for 100 atoms of radium-223 to decay with only 25 atoms of radium-223 left

Half-life is the time required for a quantity to a radioactive substance reduce to half of its initial value. The term is often used in nuclear physics to describe how quickly an unstable atom radioactively decays or how long a stable atom survives. The term can also be used to characterize any type of exponential decay.

Given,

Half life of radium-223 = 12 days

If 100 atoms decay leaving 25 this means = 3/4 decay

Aₓ = A₀ × [tex](\frac{1}{2}) ^{\frac{t}{t_{1/2} } }[/tex]

Where, Aₓ = the amount left after t years

A₀ = the initial quantity of the substance that has to be decayed

[tex]t_{1/2}[/tex] = the half-life of the decay

So, for 3/4 decay:

A₀ × 1/4 =  A₀ × [tex](\frac{1}{2}) ^{\frac{t}{t_{1/2} } }[/tex]

1/4 =  [tex](\frac{1}{2}) ^{\frac{t}{t_{1/2} } }[/tex]

[tex](\frac{1}{2} )^{2}[/tex] =   [tex](\frac{1}{2}) ^{\frac{t}{t_{1/2} } }[/tex]

[tex]\frac{t}{t_{1/2} }[/tex] = 2

Since, Half life of radium-223 = 12 days

then,

t/12 = 2

t = 12 × 2

t = 24 days

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The required volume of base is 156.25 mL

Titration of a strong acid with a strong base is a quantitative analysis to determine the molarity of an acid or base solution. Phosphoric acid has the chemical formula H₃3PO₄ with an acid valence of 3, while Barium hydroxide has the chemical formula Ba(OH)₂ with a base valence of 2. The volume of base needed can be calculated using the following formula:

(M H₃PO₄) (V H₃PO₄) (valence) = (M Ba(OH)₂ (V Ba(OH)₂) (valence)

We have,

M H₃3PO₄  = 2.50 m

V  H₃3PO₄  = 50 ml

Valence = 3

M Ba(OH)₂ = 1.2 m

V Ba(OH)₂ = ?

Valence = 2

So,

(M H₃PO₄) (V H₃PO₄) (valence) = (M Ba(OH)₂ (V Ba(OH)₂) (valence)

(2.50) (50.0) (3) = (1.20) (V Ba(OH)₂) (2)

375 = 2.40 V Ba(OH)₂

V Ba(OH)₂ = 375/2.40

= 156.25 mL

So, The required volume of base is 156.25 mL

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Using the Henderson equation , pH = pKₐ + log(salt/acid)

pH-value for given mixture is 4.74

When a strong base like potasium hydroxide (KOH ) reacts with weak acid like acetic acid (CH₃COOH) form a salt ( CH₃COOK ) and water . This type of reaction is called Neutralization reaction.

CH₃COOH (aq) + KOH (aq) ------> CH₃COO⁻K⁺ (aq) + H₂O(aq)

Given that

= 5 × 10⁻³mol

Now , using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to find the p-H value

p-H = pKa + log ( salt or conjugate base / weak acid ) ------(1)

where Kₐ is dissociation constant

Since, Kₐ value for acetic acid is 3.8×10⁻⁵

=> pKₐ = 4.74

put the values in (1)

p-H = 4.74 + log ( 5/5) = 4.74 + 0 = 4.74

So, p-H value for solution is 4.74 ..

p-H value of substance or solution refered the nature of solution is acidic or basic .

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According to the given statement potassium  minerals participates in antioxidant reactions.

Redox control of signaling pathways is important in defining the expression of genes and cells in response to peroxidation because natural antioxidants play a vital role in lowering ROS/RNS levels.

By neutralizing free radicals, complexing prooxidative ions, quenching molecular oxygen and phototherapy, and inactivating lipoxygenase, antioxidants prevent food from oxidizing. An antioxidant is a substance that has the power to prevent another molecule from oxidizing; in other words, an antioxidant is a limiting reagent stable enough to give an atom to a free radical in motion, neutralizing it.

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The photons have been calculated to contain about 4.97 * 10^-47 J/mol of energy.

We know that a photon is a unit of light. Better put, we can see the photon as a bundle of light and we are able to obtain the energy of that bundle of light as we can see.

Given that;

E = hf

E = energy of the photon

h = Plank's constant

f = frequency of the photon

Then

E = 6.6 * 10^-34 Js * 4.53 x 10^10 s-1

E =  2.99 * 10^-23 J

A mole would have to contain about 6.02 * 10^23 molecules so;

Energy per mole =  2.99 * 10^-23/6.02 * 10^23

= 4.97 * 10^-47 J/mol

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Missing parts;

How much energy, in joules per mole (J/mol), does a photon in the microwave region of the EM

spectrum, contain? Assume the microwave has a frequency of 4.53 x 1010 s-1. Your answer should

have 3 significant figures.

1930 coulombs are required to produce 77.0 g of lithium metal from a sample of molten lithium chloride.

Weight of metal deposited = ECt / 96500, Applied charge= 1930C

Efficiency= 77%

Effective charge=  77/100 (1930)=1486.1C

96500C liberate 1 mole.

1447.5C liberates 1486.1 / 96500  moles = 0.0154 moles .

LiCl-Li, a molten mixture of metallic lithium and lithium chloride, are crucial to the electrolytic reduction of a variety of metal oxides. Researchers have been studying these mixes' distinctive high temperature physical and chemical characteristics for decades.

Lithium metal is primarily made from lithium chloride by electrolyzing a LiCl/KCl melt at 450 °C (842 °F). LiCl is additionally employed in automotive parts as an aluminum brazing flux. As a desiccant, it dries out air streams.

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The concentration of the H2SO4 solution should be 0.1101 M.

Calculation of the concentration:

Since

Volume of H2SO4 = 30.00 mL = 0.030 L

Volume of NaOH= 44.45 mL = 0.04445 L

Concentration of NaOH= 0.1489 M

Now

The balanced equation is

H2SO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + 2H2O

Now the concentration of the H2SO4 solution is

b*Ca*Va = a*Cb*Vb

here,  b = the coefficient of NaOH = 2

Ca = ?

Va = the volume of H2SO4= 30.0 mL = 0.030 L

a = the coefficient of H2SO4 = 1

Cb = the concentration of NaOH = 0.1489 M

Vb = the volume of NaOH = 44.45 mL = 0.04445 L

Now

2*Ca*0.030 = 1* 0.1489* 0.04445

0.060 * Ca = 0.00661

Ca = 0.1101 M

Hence, The concentration of the H2SO4 solution is 0.1101 M.

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When calculating the straight average or arithmetic average, all numbers are treated equally and are weighted equally. Weighted averaging, however, assigns a weight that predetermines the relative importance of each data point. Weighted averages are most often calculated to even out the frequency of values ​​in a data set.

What are straight average and weighted average ?

The straight average is calculated by adding the earned totals and dividing by the possible totals using points or percentages for the current grading period assignment. The weighted average assigns an importance (or weight) to each number. Weighted averages are more useful than regular averages because they provide more nuance. Less important data are given less weight, so more important data have more impact on results

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Answer:

Answer 1/6

Explanation:

Answer:

Magnesium + hydrochloric acid → magnesium chloride + hydrogen

why? because the product of a neutralization reaction are always a salt and water. This reaction is the only one which does not have water as a product, so it is not neutralization.

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The reactivities of tert-butyl bromide and 2-bromopropane are related to the stabilities of the carbocations produced as intermediates in the reaction in several ways.

First, it is important to note that tert-butyl bromide has an electron-withdrawing group (carbonyl) attached to its aromatic ring. This makes it more reactive than 2-bromopropane because it is easier for tert-butyl bromide to achieve a favorable resonance structure.

Second, it is also important to note that tert-butyl bromide has a more stable carbocation intermediate than 2-bromopropane because it has a larger number of bonds between carbon atoms. This means that these bonds take longer to break apart during the transition state, which makes it harder for tert-butyl bromide's intermediate to form.

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Answer:

A:

Newton's First Law of Motion is the law of inertia. It states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will remain in motion, unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

B:

No, objects do not move by themselves. They require a force to move them.

Explanation:

In periodic table group 5A consist of nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic and the group 7A consist of all the halogens.

The periodic table is a table form of chemical elements arranged according to atomic number, starting with hydrogen and ends to oganesson, which has the highest atomic number.

Because they are arranged in table form  of the elements, it is known as the periodic table. They're present in rows and columns. Periods and Groups are the names given to the horizontal rows that comes from left to right and the vertical columns that comes from top to bottom.

Thus, Group 5A contain nitrogen, phosphorus , arsenic compounds while in group 7A contain all the halogens.

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Answer:

Physical changes are those in which the shape, size, or state of the matter changes, but the substance is still essentially the same. Chemical changes are those where one or more substances are combined to produce a new substance.

Explanation:

For example, chopping up a carrot or ice melting into water are both physical changes. Chemical changes are those where one or more substances are combined to produce a new substance. At the end of a chemical change, you have a new substance. Burning a piece of paper would be a chemical change, as would baking a cake. Ozone is an invisible gas made of 3 oxygen atoms.

The electron dot structure that correctly illustrates diatomic nitrogen with a triple bond is of diatomic nitrogen which is N≡N.

A Lewis Structure is a simplified representation of the valence shell electrons in a molecule. It is used to show the arrangement of the electrons is arranged around atoms in a molecule.

Usually in Lewis Structure, Electrons are represented by dots but in the case of bonds such as given in the given question, they are represented by lines.

Thus the electron dot structures that correctly illustrate diatomic nitrogen with a triple bond is of diatomic nitrogen which is N≡N.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Ionic bonds form between two or more atoms by the transfer of one or more electrons between atoms. Electron transfer produces negative ions called anions and positive ions called cations. These ions attract each other.

Explanation: An ionic bond is formed because sodium is a part of the Alkali metals and Oxygen is a non-metal and a gas. 4Na + O2 → 2Na2O (s) OR Na + O2 → NaO2 (s).

Answer:

Explanation:

Ionic bonds form between two or more atoms by the transfer of one or more electrons between atoms. Electron transfer produces negative ions called anions and positive ions called cations. These ions attract each other.

If 17 grams of silicon are required, then 7.2 grams of Mg are needed to react.

The balanced chemical equation of the reaction of SiCl₄ and Mg is,

SiCl₄ + 2Mg → Si + 2MgCl₂

So, as we can see from the reaction,

2 moles of Mg reacts, it forms one mole of silicon.

We know,

Moles = Mass/molar mass

we can write,

2 moles of Mg = mole of Si

2 x mass/molar mass = mass/molar mass

Molar mass of Si is 28 g/mol.

Molar mass of Mg is 24 g/mol.

The mass of Silicon required is 17 grams.

Putting the values,

2 x mass/24 = 17/28

Mass of Mg required is 7.2 grams.

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Answer:

C. .25 g/cm^3

Explanation:

density = mass ÷ volume

25÷100

0.25

Fossil fuel can be made to burn cleaner and reduce carbon dioxide emissions if it is combined with purified oxygen is coal.

Coal can be made to burn cleaner and reduce the carbon dioxide it it will combine with the purified oxygen. coal is type of fossil fuel. coal is black in color or brownish black. the fossil fuel coal is made up of plant. the plant gets their energy from the sunlight so, it is clear that col is from sun.  fossil fuels are non renewable source of energy.

Thus, Fossil fuel can be made to burn cleaner and reduce carbon dioxide emissions if it is combined with purified oxygen is coal.

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9.17ml is the volume of stock solution used in dilution.

0.24M is the concentration of the diluted solution.

The dilution formula can be used to solve

c₁v₁=c₂v₂

Here,c₁=concentration of HNO₃ used

v₁=volume of stock solution to be used (unknown)

c₂=concentration of HNO₃ to be prepared

v₂=volume of HNO₃ to be prepared

6.0M x v₁=110ml x 0.500M

v₁= (110ml x 0.500M)/6.0M

v₁= 9.17ml

b)c₁v₁=c₂v₂

c₁=concentration of HNO₃ that is used for diluting

v₁=volume for dilution

c₂=concentration of diluted solution(unknown)

v₂=volume diluted

Putting the values in the formula

6.0M x 10.0ml = c₂ x 250.0ml

=0.24M

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Answer:

a) gain one electron

Explanation:

When the chlorine atom reacts with the sodium atom, it creates NaCl. Sodium would be your cation and chlorine would be your anion. A sodium atom (Na) has a 1+ charge while the chlorine atom (Cl) has a 1- charge. As a result, sodium would lose a valence electron causing chlorine to gain a electron.

Explanation:

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Apply to a gas molecule's kinetic energy is not the same as telling you the speed, so calling a thermometer a speedometer for atoms is deceptive.

Uniformly, if a sample of water is put down in the freezer, its molecules begin to move slower (with a lower speed) and this is thought the back by a lower thermometer reading. It is in this feeling that a thermometer can be thought of as a speedometer. As John Rennie broaches in the comments, thermometers work for solids, liquids, and gasses, whereas the temperature is comparable to the average. A thermometer would be an average speedometer for the primary molecules of a substance or structure, not specifically separate atoms.

So we can conclude that thermometers compute the average velocity of atoms in a given material or order volume.

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A bomb calorimeter cannot measure the enthalpy of a reaction directly because it operates at constant volume.

The enthalpy changes that accompany combustion reactions are therefore measured using a regular-quantity calorimeter, including the bomb calorimeter is a tool used to degree energy modifications in chemical techniques.

Consistent volume Calorimetry, additionally recognize as bomb calorimetry, is used to measure the heat of a response even as retaining quantity steady and resisting huge amounts of pressure.

The amount of heat transferred inside the method (q) may be calculated from the mass, specific heat, and temperature exchange of the solution. Because the calorimeter is at constant pressure, q is same to ΔH for the method. Created by Jay.

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