The amount of heat released when 17.5 g of Al reacts with excess Fe2O3 is -825.664 kJ.
To determine the amount of heat released when 17.5 g of Al reacts with excess Fe2O3, we need to first determine how many moles of Al are present. Then we can use the balanced chemical equation to determine the number of moles of Fe2O3 that react, and finally, we can use the enthalpy change of reaction to determine the amount of heat released.
Convert the mass of Al to moles:
moles Al = mass Al / molar mass Al
moles Al = 17.5 g / 26.98 g/mol
moles Al = 0.648 mol
Use the balanced chemical equation to determine the number of moles of Fe2O3 that react:
2 moles of Al react with 3 moles of Fe2O3
moles Fe2O3 = (3 moles) / (2 moles) * moles Al
moles Fe2O3 = 0.972 mol
Use the enthalpy change of reaction to determine the amount of heat released:
ΔH = -852 kJ/mol * moles Fe2O3
ΔH = -852 kJ/mol * 0.972 mol
ΔH = -825.664 kJ
Therefore, the amount of heat released when 17.5 g of Al reacts with excess Fe2O3 is -825.664 kJ.
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determine the mass (in grams) of an object that has a volume of 23.0 ml and a density of 0.788 g/cm3.
Answer:
To determine the mass of an object that has a volume of 23.0 ml and a density of 0.788 g/cm3, we can use the equation:
mass = density x volume
First, we need to convert the volume from milliliters to cubic centimeters (cm^3) since the density is given in g/cm^3.
1 mL = 1 cm^3
so
volume = 23.0 ml = 23.0 cm^3
Next, we can substitute the density and volume into the equation above:
mass = 0.788 g/cm^3 x 23.0 cm^3 = 18.204 g
Therefore, the mass of the object is 18.204 grams.
A 4 x 8 ft solar collector has water circulating through it at a rate of 1.0 gal per minute (gpm) while exposed to sunlight with an intensity of 300 BTU/ft2.hr. Fifty percent of that sunlight is captured by the collector and heats the water flowing through it. What would be the temperature rise of the water as it leaves the collector?I have no idea how to do this problem. Could someone please walk me through it? Thanks!
The temperature rise of the water as it leaves the collector is 5.32 °C
The solar collector area=[tex]4\times8=32[/tex]feet
According to the inverse square law of light intensity, the amount of light that an object emits and reflects toward an observer when they are both stationary is inversely proportional to the square of their distance from the object. Imagine being in a station when a train is approaching. The inverse square law is supported by the train's light, which becomes brighter as it draws nearer. The light increases brighter by a factor of one over the square of the distance between the train and the viewer, if the varying light intensity from the train were measured.
Intensity of exposure of sunlight=300[tex]\frac{BTU}{ft^{2}hr }[/tex]
The heat which is getting absorbed by heater per minute= [tex]\frac{exposure\times area}{60}[/tex]
The heat which is getting absorbed by heater per minute=[tex]\frac{300\times32}{60}[/tex]
=160[tex]\frac{BTU}{min}[/tex]
Now, heat get transfer to water,
Q=50% of 160
Q=80[tex]\frac{BTU}{min}[/tex]
The volume that is heated of water = 1[tex]\frac{gallon}{min}[/tex]
Volume=3.79 [tex]\frac{L}{min}[/tex]
Now, to find the mass of water
Heated=volume ×density=3.79×1=3.79[tex]\frac{kg}{min}[/tex]
Heat=8.36[tex]\frac{lb}{min}[/tex]
Heat capacity of water, C= 1[tex]\frac{BTU}{lb}F[/tex]
Let temperature rise be [tex]\triangle A[/tex]
[tex]mc\triangle T=Q[/tex]
[tex]8.36\times1\times \triangle T=80[/tex]
[tex]\triangle T=[/tex]9.57°F
[tex]\triangle T=[/tex]5.32 °C
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a sample containing of metal pellets is poured into a graduated cylinder initially containing of water, causing the water level in the cylinder to rise to . calculate the density of the metal.
The density of the metal is 1 g/ml.
To calculate the density of the metal, we need to determine the mass and volume of the metal. If the water level in the graduated cylinder rose to 60 ml after adding the metal pellets.
We can assume that the volume of the metal is equal to the volume of water displaced, which is 60 ml. We can then use the equation of density, which is:
density = mass/volume
Since the volume is known (60 ml), to find the mass we can use the conversion factor: 1 ml of water has a mass of 1 g.
So, the mass of the metal is 60 g.
Now we can substitute the mass and volume into the equation for density:
density = 60 g / 60 ml = 1 g/ml
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Select all intermolecular forces that contribute to creating a solution of CO₂, in C₆H₆ a. lon-dipole b. London Dispersion c. H-bonding d. Dipole-dipole
a. Dispersion in London b. Dipole-dipole interaction The intermolecular interactions that contribute to the formation of a CO2 solution in C6H6 are as follows: Because CO2 is a non-polar molecule.
this is the sole intermolecular force that exists between CO2 and C6H6. Dipole-dipole interactions: Because CO2 is a polar molecule, it might interact with C6H6 via dipole-dipole interactions if C6H6 was similarly polar. However, because C6H6 is a non-polar molecule, dipole-dipole interactions do not contribute to the formation of a CO2 solution in C6H6 H-bonding: An H-bonding interaction is a sort of dipole-dipole interaction in which a hydrogen atom is connected to a strongly electronegative atom (such as N, O, or F). Because CO2 has no hydrogen atoms, there is no H-bonding between CO2.
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if you spill a chemical on the floor or bench, you should... throw an acid neutralizing agent on it. notify your teaching assistant and obtain the proper clean-up procedure. use water and paper towels to clean up the spill. ignore it. do none of the above.
if you spill a chemical on the floor or bench, you should notify your teaching assistant and obtain the proper clean-up procedure.
The compounds are very risky. They are poisonous when inhaled and will result in serious burns. Additionally, if preparation steps are carried out improperly, there is a chance of explosion.
Please create, read, and sign risk assessments for each process before beginning any work. For each chemical, create, read, and sign COSHH forms. If your lab has never used these procedures before, let your safety officer know.
Have someone demonstrate the procedure first, if at all feasible. Work in a functional fume hood at all times, and only prepare the necessary amount of acid. Put on a lab coat, safety glasses, and butyl gloves.
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Draw a structure for (E)-2-hydroxy-4-hexen-3-one. Show stereochemistry only if given in the name. You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. If a group is achiral, do not use wedged or based bonds on it.
The structure for (E)-2-hydroxy-4-hexen-3-one is given below. Stereochemistry is is a trans-configurated molecule with the hydroxyl group (OH) located on the stereogenic center.
This means that the higher priority groups, as determined by the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog system, are on opposite sides of the double bond. The "-" signs in the structure indicate the location of the double bond. the higher priority groups (double bond and carbonyl group) in the trans orientation. This molecule has a chiral center and can exist as two stereoisomers, but it is specifically the (e) isomer. Stereoisomers are molecules with the same chemical formula and atomic arrangement but with a different spatial arrangement of their atoms. Enantiomers and diastereomers are the two primary categories of stereoisomers. Stereoisomers known as enantiomers are mirror images of one another and cannot be overlaid.
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which of the following foods contains the lowest amount of sodium? a. one cup of canned vegetable soup b. a medium fresh orange c. a 4-ounce glass of tomato juice d. a hot dog
Medium fresh orange because in a medium fresh orange only contains 0-3 mg sodium (Alternative B).
SodiumSodium is a type of mineral that you can easily find in various foods, especially salt. Salt itself is known as sodium chloride and is the most abundant source of sodium, up to 40% with the remainder consisting of chloride.
People use salt as a flavor enhancer so that food is not bland. Salt also functions as a binder for food components as well as a stabilizer and food preservative.
a. one cup of canned vegetable soup. On average, canned soup has 700 mg of sodium.
b.a medium fresh orange. sodium in a medium fresh orange only contains 0-3 mg of sodium.
c. 4-ounces of 100 percent tomato juice contain about 1200 mg of sodium.
d. hotdogs. a hotdog contains about 1250 mg of sodium.
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A teacher has given a lab student a white chemical sample and asks her to confirm that it contains 7. 03 x 1023 formula units of sodium hydroxide
(NaOH). Using the balance in the laboratory, what mass of NaOH would the student have to find to verify that her teacher was correct? Round your
answer to 3 significant figures.
( ? grams)
The NaOH given to the student should weigh 46.3 grams.
The formula units can be calculated as moles multiplied by the Avogadro number.
Avogadro number is, 6.023 × 10^23.
The formula units are given to be 7.03 × 10^23.
Formula units = Avogadro Number × Number of moles
7.03 × 10^23 = 6.023 × 10^23 × Number of moles
Number of moles = (7.03 × 10^23)/(6.033 × 10^23)
Number of moles = 1.16
One mole of NaOH has the mass 39.99 grams.
1.16 moles of NaOH has mass = 1.16 × 39.99 grams.
= 46.38 grams.
Hence, the NaOH should weigh 46.3 grams.
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why does sodium hypochlorite have to be added slowly to borneol
Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) should be added slowly to borenol because the reaction between sodium hypochlorite and borenol is exothermic and releases heat. If the sodium hypochlorite is added too quickly, the reaction will become very exothermic and generate a lot of heat, which could cause the reaction mixture to boil over or even explode.
By adding the sodium hypochlorite slowly, the heat generated by the reaction is dissipated gradually, preventing an uncontrolled release of energy. This helps to ensure the reaction proceeds smoothly and safely. Additionally, by adding the sodium hypochlorite slowly, the reaction can be controlled more easily, which can lead to a more efficient and complete reaction.
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can someone help and give me the right answer it's due today at 5pm i will give brainlist please help
Convection currents are the underlying cause of tectonic plate interactions that cause geological events, like earthquakes and volcanoes.
A description of the geological event.The tectonic plate interactions and processes that result in the construction of mountains and other landforms constitute the geological event that is taking place. Convection currents, which happen as molten rock rises from the Earth's mantle below the surface and then cools as it flows to the surface, are one of the primary processes generating this creation.
The plates move and interact with one another as a result of this process, which is fueled by the disparity in density between the hot and cold rock. Divergent boundaries, the kind of boundary at which this phenomenon occurs, are brought about by two plates moving apart.
The creation of the Himalayan Mountains is an illustration of this process. The Himalayas were created as a result of the Himalayan Plate colliding with the Eurasian Plate as it steadily moved north.
High peaks, deep valleys, and steep cliffs are some of the physical features that are visible as a result of this process. The highest mountain range in the world is the Himalayas, and Mount Everest is its highest peak.
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calculate the amount of heat needed to boil of acetic acid (), beginning from a temperature of . round your answer to significant digits. also, be sure your answer contains a unit symbol.
The amount of heat needed to boil the given mass of acetic acid is 72.212 kJ.
Based on the provided information,
The mass of acetic acid = 120 g
The number of moles of acetic acid = Mass of acetic acid/molar mass of acetic acid
The molar mass of acetic acid = 60.052 g/mol
Hence,
The number of moles of acetic acid = 120/60.052 = 1.998 moles
The initial temperature of acetic acid = 16.7 °C = 16.7 + 273.15 = 289.85 K
The standard boiling temperature of acetic acid = 118.1 °C = 118.1 + 273.15 = 391.25 K
The change in temperature of acetic acid ΔT = 391.25 – 289.85 = 101.4 K
The enthalpy of vaporization of acetic acid ΔH = 23.7kJ/mol
The heat capacity of acetic acid c = 2.043 J/g.K
The amount of heat needed to increase the temperature from 16.7 ° C to boiling point is:
q = mcΔT = 120*2.043*101.4 = 24.859 kJ
The amount of heat need for the given mass,
q = ΔH*number of moles = 23.7*1.998 = 47.353 kJ
Hence, the total amount of heat needed to boil the given mass of acetic acid = 24.859 + 47.353 = 72.212 kJ
Note: The question is incomplete. The complete question probably is: Calculate the amount of heat needed to boil 120.g of acetic acid (HCH3CO2), beginning from a temperature of 16.7°C.
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circle a represents a unit volume of 100. ml of a solution. which circle (b, c, or d) best represents the unit volume after 300. ml of solvent has been added?
Circle b represents the solution after 300 mL of solvent has been added.
Volume percent = {Volume of solute / volume of solution} x 100
After adding the solution, the volume of solution increases but volume of solute remains the same. For same volume of solute, the volume percent is high for once which has the volume of solution is low.
In 100 mL the visually represented solution has 12 balls for solute. When 300 mL of solution is added to the solute, the total volume is 400 mL volume is increased 4 times. Then 12/4 = 3 is the number of solute present in the circle. Circle b represents the solution.
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a 2.89 mass queous solution of sodium chloride has a density of 1.05 g/ml. calculate the molality of the solution.
The molality of a 2.89 mass aqueous solution of sodium chloride is 0.0494 mol/kg .
Molality is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution, expressed as the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. It is a unit of concentration that is useful in calculations involving solutions with non-ideal properties. Molality is related to molarity, which is the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. The difference between the two is that molarity takes the volume of the solution into account, while molality does not.
The molality can be calculated using the equation: molality = (mass of solute / volume of solution) / molar mass of solute. In this case, the mass of solute is 2.89 g, the volume of the solution is 1 mL, and the molar mass of sodium chloride is 58.44 g/mol. Plugging these values into the equation, we get molality = (2.89 g / 1 mL) / 58.44 g/mol = 0.0494 mol/kg. Therefore, the molality of the 2.89 mass aqueous solution of sodium chloride is 0.0494 mol/kg.
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in normal-phase column chromatography, which solvent has more eluting power: hexane or dichloromethane? how is the eluting power of a solvent related to its polarity?
In normal-phase column chromatography, the solvent which has more eluting power is dichloromethane. The solvent’s eluting power increases with polarity.
Normal-phase column chromatography (NPLC) refers to a separation technique where components are distributed between two phases. One phase is stationary and polar and the other is non-polar and moves in a definite direction. Hence, NPLC utilizes columns packed with polar stationary phases combined with nonpolar or moderately polar mobile phases to separate the mixture components. The rate at which solutes migrate through NPLC columns is primarily a function of their polarity.
In normal-phase column chromatography, the solvent which has more eluting power is dichloromethane as it is more polar. The eluting power of a solvent refers to a measure of how well the solvent can pull an analyte off the adsorbent to which it is attached. Dichloromethane molecules will attract the polar molecules and elute them from the column.
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If carbon is not present in a molecule, how is the central atom determined when drawing the Lewis Structure?
The core atom is typically the atom with the smallest subscript in the molecular formula and the atom with the greatest bonding capacity.
Which element can be central atom?If all of the atoms normally make the same amount of bonds, the central atom is usually the least electronegative atom.
Consider the atoms' bonding patterns: Because of its four bonds, carbon is always a central atom. Oxygen often forms two bonds as well as two lone pairs.
Because hydrogen has just two electrons in its valence shell and hence can only make one bond, it can never be the center atom.
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Given 55.44 grams of o2, how many moles of H2O are produced
The amount of water that is produced is 3.46 moles of water.
What amount of water can be produced?We have to note that we have to apply the stoichiometry of the reaction so that we can be able to get the amount of the water that can be produced in the reaction.
We know that the reaction is; 2H2 + O2 ---->2H2O
Number of moles of the oxygen = 55.44 grams/32 g/mol
= 1.73 moles
If 1 mole of oxygen produces 2 moles of water
1.73 moles of oxygen would produce 1.73 * 2/1
= 3.46 moles of water.
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600. 0 mL of H2S)4 i titrated with a 6. 0 M olution of NaOH and require only 6. 8 mL of NaOH to reach the endpoint. According to the unbalanced equation H2SO4 NaOH = H2) Na2SO4 what i the concentration of the H2SO4
1 mole of Sulfuric acid reacts with 2 moles sodium hydroxide to give 1 mole of sodium sulfate and 2 moles of water. Here the concentration of H₂SO₄ used is 0.035 M.
The balanced equation for the reaction is
H₂SO₄ + 2NaOH ⇒ Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂O
So 1 mole of sulfuric acid reacts with 2 moles of sodium hydroxide to give one mole of sodium sulphate and two moles of water.
Here 6.8 ml of 6 M sodium hydroxide is reacted.
Molarity = number of moles/volume in L
6 = n/ 0.0068 L
n = 6 × 0.0068 = 0.0408 moles.
So, number of moles of H₂SO₄ reacted =
Number of moles of NaOH/2 = 0.0408/2 = 0.0204
Concentration = number of moles/ Volume in L
= 0.0204/ 0.6 =0.035M.
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. the molecular mass of bromophenol blue, is 669.9607. find the atomic mass of the copper from a periodic table.
The atomic mass of copper is 63.546 amu. This can be found on the periodic table. The molecular mass of bromophenol blue is 669.9607 g/mol.
Bromophenol blue is a dye made of copper and bromine, which can be used as an indicator in acid-base titrations. Its molecular formula is CuBr2, meaning that it has two atoms of bromine and one atom of copper.
The atomic mass of copper is 63.546 amu, and the atomic mass of bromine is 79.904 amu. Therefore, the molecular mass of bromophenol blue is 669.9607 g/mol (63.546 + 79.904 * 2). This means that for every mole of bromophenol blue, we have 669.9607 grams.
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in the lewis structure of the nitrate anion, no3–, if all atoms obey the octet rule, there must be:
The nitrate anion must have 6 additional electrons, making it a negative ion with a total of 32 electrons.
In the Lewis structure of the nitrate anion, NO3–, the central nitrogen atom is surrounded by three oxygen atoms and is connected to them with single covalent bonds. If each atom is to obey the octet rule, then the nitrogen atom must have 8 valence electrons, and each of the oxygen atoms must have 6 valence electrons. This means that the nitrate anion must have a total of 8 + 3×6 = 26 valence electrons. The nitrate anion must also have a total of 8 + 3×8 = 32 electrons when considering the octet rule for the oxygen atoms. As a result, the nitrate anion must have 6 additional electrons, making it a negative ion with a total of 32 electrons.
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Complete question:
What is the Lewis structure of the nitrate anion, NO3–, if all atoms obey the octet rule?
Experiment A2b: Bromination of (E)-StilbeneThe product of this reaction contains two stereocenters. Due to the stereospecificity of the bromination and the symmetry of the product, however, only the meso-diastereomer of stilbene dibromide is produced.a) How many possible stereoisomers exist for stilbene dibromide?b) You formed one of the possible stereoisomers as the product of the bromination reaction (see the Reaction Scheme and Question 1). Draw all of the other possible stereoisomers, and label each stereocenter (R or S).c) How are the stereoisomers that you drew in part (b) related to each other?d) How are the stereoisomers that you drew in part (b) related to the product of the reaction shown in the Reaction Scheme?
(a) The chiral carbons in stilbene dibromide total to two. Two additional stereoisomers are enantiomers (b). Both are enantiomers of one another (c) (mirror images) (d) These are diastereomers because they are stereoisomers of one another but not mirror images of one another.
Trans-stilbene is primarily converted to meso-1,2-dibromo-1,2-diphenylethane (also known as meso-stilbene dibromide) by bromination, in accordance with a mechanism involving a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate of a typical electrophilic bromine addition reaction; cis-stilbene results in a racemic mixture of the two enantiomers. An established procedure used as an illustration of an electrophilic addition reaction of alkenes is the reaction of bromine with (E)-stilbene. A double bond anti addition makes the reaction stereospecific. A bromine solution in methylene chloride, which has a relatively high toxicity, is used in the conventional reaction.
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a chemical reaction typically produces 4.55 g of naoh. what would be the percent yield if the reaction could theoretically produce 5.00 g
A chemical reaction typically produces 4.55 g of NaOH. The percent yield if the reaction could theoretically produce 5.00 g would be 91 %
Theoretical yield is the amount of a product that results from the complete conversion of the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction.
The actual yield is calculated as the theoretical yield multiplied by 100 to get the percent yield. the formula will be:
percent yield = ( experimental yield / theoretical yield ) × 100 %
The theoretical yield of the reaction = 5 g
mass of the NaOH produced = 4.55 g
the percent yield = ( experimental yield / theoretical yield ) × 100 %
= ( 4.55 g / 5 ) ×100 %
= 91 %
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suppose that a chemist combines 177 ml 177 ml of methane and 911 ml 911 ml of chlorine at stp in a 2.00 l 2.00 l flask. the flask is then allowed to stand at 298 k. 298 k. if the reaction reaches 72.5% 72.5 % completion, what is the total pressure in the flask?
The total pressure in the flask is determined by the ideal gas law which is 4.00 atm.
This law states that the pressure of a gas is equal to its number of moles times its temperature divided by its volume. For this question, we need to calculate the number of moles of each gas before the reaction.
Methane has a molar mass of 16.04 g/mol, so 177 mL of methane would be 1.106 moles. Chlorine has a molar mass of 35.45 g/mol, so 911 mL of chlorine would be 2.587 moles. Thus, the total number of moles in the flask is 3.693.
Next, we need to calculate the number of moles that have reacted. 72.5% of the reaction has been completed, so 0.725 moles of the 3.693 moles have reacted.
Finally, the total pressure in the flask is equal to the number of moles times the temperature divided by the volume. This gives a pressure of 4.00 atm.
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If the [A-]/[HA] ratio of a buffer solution changes from 0.2 to 5 upon addition of a strong base solution, by how many units does the pH change?
0.9
1.2
1.4
1.1
Option C is correct. The right response is 1.4. The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is written as pH=pKa +log([A][HA])
A weak base will react with the H+ from a strong acid to create the weak acid HA when a strong acid is put to a buffer: H+ + A- HA. The pH only minimally changes because the H+ is absorbed by the A- rather than forming H3O+ (H+) by interacting with water. pH is calculated as follows: pH = pKa + log [Salt] / [Acid]. Any acidic buffer solution will always have a pH below 7, while any basic buffer solution will always have a pH above 7. Option C is correct.
The right response is 1.4.
The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is written as pH=pKa+log([A][HA])
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when 50g of solid carbon dioxide(dry ice) sublimes 28.6kj of heat are required. how much heat would be needed to produce 57g of carbon dioxide gas from the sublimation of dry ice
When 50g of solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) sublimes, 28.6kj of heat are required. To produce 57g of carbon dioxide gas from the sublimation of dry ice, you would need approximately 40.4kj of heat.
The calculation of the amount of heat required to produce 57g of carbon dioxide gas from the sublimation of dry ice can be done by using the heat of sublimation. The heat of sublimation is the amount of energy required to turn a substance from a solid to a gas. In this case, the heat of sublimation for carbon dioxide (dry ice) is 28.6kj/mol. Since 1 mol is equal to 44.01g, then 28.6kj/mol is equal to 0.652kj/g. To calculate the amount of heat required to produce 57g of CO2 from the sublimation of dry ice, we can multiply 0.652kj/g by 57g, which gives us a total of 40.4kj of heat.
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If 3.2 g of salicylic acid and 6.3 ml of acetic anhydride are used in synthesis of aspirin, what is the theoretical yield in grams? the molar mass of aspirin is 180 g/mol. (hint: you need to find the limiting reagent first) a)2.4 g b)1.9 g c)4.2 g d)3.2 g
C. The theoretical yield of aspirin is found to be 4.2g
What information does theoretical yield provide?The largest amount of product that could be generated from the provided reactant amounts is termed as the theoretical yield. The quantity of product that actually formed during the reaction in a laboratory environment is known as the actual yield.
C₇H₆O₃ + C₄H₆O₃→ C₉H₈O₄ ( aspirin)
No of moles of salicylic acid => 3.2/138.122 => 0.023 mol
no of moles of acetic anhydride => 1.08 g/mL x 6.3 mL / 102.089 g/mol
=> 0.066mol
salicylic acid is limiting reagent
Theoretical yield calculated:
1 mole of salicylic acid=> 1 mole of aspirin
Hence, 0.023 mol of aspirin formed in this reaction.
Theorectical yield of aspirin => 0.023 mol x 180g/mol => 4.2g
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How to find chemical compound of TiP
Titanium phosphide (TiP) is a kind of chemical compound made of titanium and phosphorus. It is a metal compound that has a very high melting point, so it is often found in the form of a gray powder.
Titanium(III) phosphide is metallic. When it comes in contact with water or stomach acid, it breaks down into phosphine gas. Phosphine is a colorless, flammable, and explosive gas.
Titanium phosphide is a type of phosphide that contains more metal atoms than other types of phosphides. This makes it more resistant to breaking down into its parts, which makes it a good choice for things like jewelry.
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a new benzene/toluene solution is prepared, but with different proportions, this time, the mole fraction for benzene is 0.9. what are the mole fractions for each substance in the vapor phase
The mole fraction of each substance in the vapor phase depends on its vapor benzene pressure. The vapor pressure of a substance in a mixture is proportional to its mole fraction in the liquid phase, and the total pressure in the system is the sum of the vapor pressures of the individual components. Therefore, the mole fraction of each substance in the vapor phase can be calculated using the following equation:
X_i = P_i / (P_benzene + P_toluene)where X_i is the mole fraction of substance i in the vapor phase, P_i is its vapor pressure, and P_benzene and P_toluene are the vapor pressures of benzene and toluene, respectively. To determine the values of P_benzene and P_toluene, the Antoine equation or other vapor pressure models can be used.
Note that this calculation assumes that the vapor phase is in equilibrium with the liquid phase, which may not always be the case depending on the conditions of the system.
About BenzeneBenzene, also known by the chemical formulas C6H6, PhH, and benzol, is an organic chemical compound that is a colorless, flammable liquid with a sweet odour. Benzene consists of 6 carbon atoms forming a ring, with 1 hydrogen atom bonded to every 1 carbon atom. Benzene is a type of cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with a fixed pi bond. Benzene is a component of petroleum, and is one of the most basic petrochemicals and an important solvent in the world's industry. Because it has a high octane number, benzene is also an important ingredient in gasoline. Benzene is also a basic ingredient in the production of pharmaceuticals, plastics, gasoline, artificial rubber, and dyes. In addition, benzene is a natural ingredient in petroleum, but is usually obtained from other compounds found in petroleum. Because it is carcinogenic, its use other than non-industrial fields is very limited.
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How does the third law of thermodynamics allow absolute entropies of substances to be determined? A) It defines a reference point by which entropy changes can be measured and assigned as an absolute entropy for a substance. B) It defines the temperature at which all absolute entropies are measured. C) It requires that all energy in a process be conserved to accurately measure an absolute entropy. D) It provides a reference point for the absolute entropy of the universe. E) It requires that a process be reversible to measure the absolute entropy change.
The third law of thermodynamics will allow by the absolute entropies of the substances to be determined by a reference point by which entropy will changes can be measured and assigned an absolute entropy for the substance.
The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of an system approaches a constant value as the temperature approaches absolute zero. The entropy of a system at absolute zero is typically zero, and in all the cases it is determined only by the number of different ground states it has.
Consequences: It defines the sign of the entropy of any of the substance at temperatures above absolute zero as positive, and it provides a fixed reference point that allows us to measure the absolute entropy of any of the substance at any temperature.
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if 102 mg of methyl cinnamte is reduced to give the product shown in scheme 4 and 87 mg of product is isolated, what is the percent yield? give only the number to at least one decimal place and not a % or the word percent.
To calculate the percent methyl yield, we need to divide the amount of product obtained by the amount of theoretical yield, then multiply by 100.
Theoretical yield = 102 mg
Actual yield = 87 mg
Percent yield = (Actual yield / Theoretical yield) * 100
Percent yield = (87 / 102) * 100 = 85.3
So the Methyl is : 85.3
About Methyl
Methyl is a hydrophobic alkyl functional group. Its name is derived from methane, a simple alkane compound. Methyl is methane which has lost a hydrogen atom, making it unstable and reactive. Its chemical formula is -CH₃. This group occurs frequently in many organic compounds.
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ignore this lol
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Answer:
5 points are mine
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