how would you decide what would be shell's best organizational structure?

Answers

Answer 1

The organizational structure of a company refers to the formal system of authority, communication, roles, and responsibilities in the organization. It is important to select the right organizational structure to ensure that the company is efficient, effective, and profitable.Shell's best organizational structure can be determined using the following criteria:1. Goals and objectives: The company's goals and objectives should be considered when determining the organizational structure.2. Nature of the work: The nature of the work that Shell engages in will determine the structure of the organization.3. Size of the company: The size of the company will influence the type of structure that is appropriate.4. Culture: The company's culture and values should also be considered when deciding on the organizational structure.5. Management style: The management style that is preferred by Shell will also determine the type of organizational structure that is used.6. External environment: The external environment in which Shell operates will also have an impact on the type of organizational structure that is best suited for the company.


Related Questions

Jones Company allocates manufacturing overhead based on machine hours. Each chair produced should require 3 machine hours. Standard fixed cost per machine hour is $7.00. According to the static budget, $8,400 is expected in fixed manufacturing overhead costs.
During January, Jones Company actually used 1,100 machine hours to make 410 chairs. The company spent $5,800 in variable manufacturing overhead costs and $8,100 in fixed manufacturing overhead costs.
What is the fixed overhead volume variance?
$200 F
$210 U
$210 U
$210 F

Answers

The answer is $700 U. The fixed overhead volume variance is calculated as follows:


(Budgeted machine hours - Actual machine hours) x Standard fixed cost per machine hour
First, we need to determine the budgeted machine hours. According to the static budget, $8,400 is expected in fixed manufacturing overhead costs, and the standard fixed cost per machine hour is $7.00.
Budgeted machine hours = Total fixed manufacturing overhead costs / Standard fixed cost per machine hour
Budgeted machine hours = $8,400 / $7.00
Budgeted machine hours = 1,200
Now, we can calculate the fixed overhead volume variance:
(1,200 - 1,100) x $7.00 = $700
Since the actual machine hours are less than the budgeted machine hours, the fixed overhead volume variance is unfavorable (U).
Therefore, the answer is $700 U.

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Suppose that Laramie Company's adjusted trial balance ignored the additional Information shown. Required: Indicate what effects, if any, this omission would have on the stated components of Laramie Company's 2024 Income Statement and 12/31/2024 Balance Sheet. Assume no income taxes. 4 59 Note: Understated amounts should be indicated with a minus sign. 12/31/20 estimated uncollectible accounts receivable is now zero and should The estimated uncollectible accounts receivable is now zero and should be $35,000 ignored the additional information shown. the stated components of Laramie Company's 2024 Income Statement and m minus sign. 12/31/2024 Assets 12/31/2024 Liabilities o and should hould be $35,000 12/31/2024 Owners' Equity 2024 Net Income

Answers

The omission of the estimated uncollectible accounts receivable would overstate net income, assets, and retained earnings.

What are the effects of omitting the estimated uncollectible accounts receivable on Laramie Company's income statement and balance sheet components for the year 2024?

The omission of the additional information regarding the estimated uncollectible accounts receivable would have the following effects on the stated components of Laramie Company's 2024 Income Statement and 12/31/2024 Balance Sheet:

Income Statement:

Net Income: Net income would be overstated because the omission of the estimated uncollectible accounts receivable would result in higher reported revenue and lower reported expenses.

The actual bad debt expense of $35,000 would not be recognized, leading to a higher net income.

Balance Sheet:

Assets: Accounts Receivable would be overstated because the estimated uncollectible accounts receivable of $35,000 is not reflected. The actual amount of uncollectible accounts receivable should be deducted from the reported accounts receivable balance.

Liabilities: There would be no direct effect on liabilities.

Owners' Equity: Retained Earnings would be overstated because the higher net income, resulting from the omission of the bad debt expense, would increase the retained earnings.

In summary, the omission of the estimated uncollectible accounts receivable information would overstate net income and overstate the assets and retained earnings on the balance sheet.

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Credit card A is running a promotion where they will charge 0% interest for the first year, and then 0.8% compounded continuously after that. Credit card B has an interest rate of 0.5%, also compounded continuously. If you are going to make a $5000 purchase and plan to not make a single payment for 1.5 years, which credit card should you go with? Write the equation showing the total balance at the end of 1.5 years for that card. Card A, $5,020.04 = 5000 (0.008 (15-1}} (0.8*15+1) Card A, $5, 101.01 = 5000 el Card B, $10,585.00 = 5000 (05.15) e (0.005*1.5) Card B, $5,037.64 = 5000 el

Answers

Choose Credit Card A for a $5000 purchase with no payments for 1.5 years, as the total balance at the end will be approximately $5,020.04, lower than the balance with Credit Card B.

How to compare credit card offers?

To determine which credit card is more advantageous for the $5000 purchase over a 1.5-year period, let's calculate the total balance at the end of that period for each card.

For Credit Card A:

The equation to calculate the total balance at the end of 1.5 years for Card A, assuming continuous compounding, is:

Total Balance = Principal * e^(rate * time)

Where:

Principal = $5000

Rate = 0.008 (0.8% expressed as a decimal)

Time = 1.5 years

Plugging in the values, we have:

Total Balance for Card A = 5000 * e^(0.008 * 1.5)

Total Balance for Card A ≈ $5,020.04

Therefore, the total balance at the end of 1.5 years for Credit Card A is approximately $5,020.04.

For Credit Card B:

The equation to calculate the total balance at the end of 1.5 years for Card B, assuming continuous compounding, is:

Total Balance = Principal * e^(rate * time)

Where:

Principal = $5000

Rate = 0.005 (0.5% expressed as a decimal)

Time = 1.5 years

Plugging in the values, we have:

Total Balance for Card B = 5000 * e^(0.005 * 1.5)

Total Balance for Card B ≈ $5,037.64

Therefore, the total balance at the end of 1.5 years for Credit Card B is approximately $5,037.64.

Comparing the two results, we can see that the total balance at the end of 1.5 years is lower for Credit Card A ($5,020.04) compared to Credit Card B ($5,037.64). Therefore, if you plan to make a $5000 purchase and not make any payments for 1.5 years, it would be more advantageous to choose Credit Card A.

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in which of the following circumstances will an agent not be personally liable under a contract entered into with a third party? O A. Where the Agent has executed a deed in their own name. OB.Where the Agent has disclosed to the third party that they are an Agent and they have not named the Principal OC. Where the Agent has disclosed to the third party that they are an Agent and they have named the Principal OD. Both answers a) and b)

Answers

An agent will not be personally liable under a contract entered into with a third party Where the agent has disclosed to the third party that they are an agent and they have named the principal (option C).

Because the principal-agent relationship comes with responsibilities and liabilities for both parties. The principal is liable for the actions of the agent when they are operating within the scope of their authority, while the agent is liable for their own actions that contravene the principal's instructions. When an agent enters into a contract with a third party, they have two options: to disclose or not to disclose their relationship with the principal.

Under the case where an agent discloses their agency relationship and the principal's identity to a third party, they will not be personally liable. The third party cannot hold the agent personally liable for any breach of contract that the principal commits. Thus, if the principal fails to perform the terms of the contract, the third party has no other choice but to sue the principal. Therefore, this option (C) is the correct answer.

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FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT 2 [100 Marks]
Important:
Students are requested to read widely and answer the following questions on project management. Furthermore, students
are required to integrate theory and practise in their answers. The examiner will take into consideration the links to theory
and practice and finally the synthesis of the discussion. Students should support their discussions with tables, figures and
graphs where possible.
Project Scope:
You have been appointed to project manage the building of a hospital in Soweto where a number of people have recently
died due to the coronavirus. The hospital is needed urgently due to the existing hospitals having limited capacity to
accommodate the thousands of coronavirus infected residents that are in dire need of hospital care, or risk death. The
South African minister of health has a personal interest in this project and has determined a strict deadline for the
completion of the project. The minister is an ex-resident of Soweto and hence is passionate about helping the residents. He
has pledged to the residents that he will ensure that the hospital is made operational in record time. As the appointed
project manager have been mandated to deliver on the project and have been instructed that the project risks need to be
managed in a prudent manner.
Answer ALL the questions in this section.
Question 4 (20 Marks) Many projects, apart from a risk management plan, also include contingency plans, fall-back plans, and contingency reserves (Scwhalbe, 2015:430). Enlighten your team on the contingency plans, fall back plans and contingency reserve that you have in mind for your project. Question 5 (20 Marks) One of the most common approaches to identifying the sources of risks is brainstorming. The project manager should involve key project team members in identifying potential sources of risk. Now that your team is sitting with you, use the brainstorming approach to map out the potential risks of your project.

Answers

To successfully manage possible risks, the hospital project in Soweto will also contain backup plans, contingency plans, and contingency plans in addition to a risk management strategy.

Plans for addressing certain risks, such as delayed material deliveries, altered regulations, and weather-related problems, will be created in advance. Fall-back plans will work as fallback tactics in the event that primary plans run into major difficulties, such as enlisting substitute contractors or requesting higher-level permissions.

Unexpected risks will be accommodated by setting up contingency funds and time reserves. within taking these steps, the project will be kept on track and finished within the short timeframe set by the South African Minister of Health.

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What are considered nonmarket barriers to adjustment? (check all that applies)
a. minimum wage laws
b. Unions requiring only their members be hired
c. Costs of training new employees is too high
d. Employers demanding more workers as the demand for their product increases

Answers

The nonmarket barriers to adjustment will be; Minimum wage laws, Unions requiring only their members will be hired, and Costs of training new employees is too high. Option A, B, C is correct.

Minimum wage laws; Minimum wage laws set a floor on wages, which can create a barrier to adjusting wages based on market conditions.

Unions requiring only their members be hired; Union requirements that limit hiring to union members can restrict the flexibility of firms to adjust their workforce based on market conditions.

Costs of training new employees is too high; High costs of training new employees can discourage firms from adjusting their workforce quickly in response to changing market conditions.

However, (employers demanding more workers as the demand for their product increases) is not a nonmarket barrier to adjustment; rather, it reflects an adjustment response to market conditions.

Hence, A. B. C. is the correct option.

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A firm in a purely competitive market structure calculates profit using the following equation: - Profit-price times quantity sold - Profit = average total cost - Profit-total revenue - total cost - Profit-total revenue divided by output

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In a purely competitive market structure, firms operate in an environment where they have no control over the market price, and they have to accept the price set by the market.

In this scenario, firms calculate their profit using the equation: Profit = Price x Quantity - Total Cost. This equation is derived from the fact that in a competitive market, the price is constant, and the firm can only increase its revenue by increasing the quantity of the product sold. The profit of the firm is the difference between the revenue generated by selling a particular quantity of the product and the total cost of producing that quantity. The average total cost is the total cost divided by the quantity of output produced. The total revenue is the price multiplied by the quantity sold. Thus, the equation: Profit = Average Total Cost - Total Revenue - Total Cost is the same as the equation: Profit = Price x Quantity - Total Cost.

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Tech Engineering in TN is making a product for the overseas market. The following cost data for the product has been compiled. Selling price: $167 Material and purchased parts: $25/unit Direct labor: 2 hrs at $20 per hour Fixed cost: $1,400,000 If the overhead expenses are charged at 80% of labor cost, determine the breakeven volume for this product. 8,383 14,433 20,000 26,666

Answers

Tech Engineering in TN is making a product for the overseas market for which the breakeven volume for this product is 20,000 units.

Selling price = $167

Material and purchased parts = $25/unit

Direct labor = 2 hrs at $20 per hour

Fixed cost = $1,400,000

Overhead expenses charged at 80% of labor cost

Labor cost per unit = 2 hrs × $20/hr = $40

Overhead expenses per unit = 80% of labor cost = 0.8 × $40 = $32

Total cost per unit = Material and purchased parts + Direct labor + Overhead expenses per unit

= $25 + $40 + $32

= $97

Contribution margin per unit = Selling price - Total cost per unit

= $167 - $97

= $70

Breakeven volume = Fixed cost / Contribution margin per unit

= $1,400,000 / $70

= 20,000

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You have decided to place $884 in equal deposits every month at the beginning of the month into a savings account earning 7.75 percent per year, compounded monthly for the next 10 years. The first deposit is made today. How much money will be in the account at the end of that time period?

Answers

At the end of the 10-year period, there will be approximately $177,071.99 in the savings account.

To calculate the future value of the savings account, we can use the formula for the future value of an ordinary annuity:

FV = P * [(1 + r)ⁿ - 1] / r

Where:

FV = Future Value

P = Monthly deposit amount

r = Monthly interest rate

n = Number of periods (months)

In this case, the monthly deposit amount (P) is $884, the monthly interest rate (r) is (7.75% / 12) = 0.0064583, and the number of periods (n) is 10 years * 12 months = 120 months.

Plugging in these values into the formula, we get:

FV = 884 * [(1 + 0.0064583)^120 - 1] / 0.0064583

Using a calculator or spreadsheet software, we can compute this to find the future value:

FV ≈ $177,071.99

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In Company X each employee wears the prescribed attire which has the company name code is an example of which one of the following mentioned below? O A. Values OB. Observable Artefacts O C. Organization Norms OD. Unconscious Assumptions

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The given scenario, "In Company X each employee wears the prescribed attire which has the company name code," is an example of Observable Artefacts.

So, the correct answer is B.

What are Observable Artefacts?

Observable Artefacts are the visible and tangible aspects of an organization's culture, such as dress codes, office layout, and other observable actions. These are the elements that an observer notices when entering an unfamiliar organization or interviewing job applicants.

The Observable Artefacts are the external manifestations of a company's culture. For example, the dress code, language, and environment of a company are observable artefacts because they are visible and discernible to the outside world.

The observable artefacts provide a window into the deeper layers of culture, such as values, beliefs, and assumptions. Since these artefacts are the most visible aspect of an organization's culture, they are the easiest to comprehend and analyze. Hence, in Company X, the dress code that has the company's name code is an example of Observable Artefacts.

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Which internationalization strategies are distinguished
according to the model of Perlmutter?

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The three internationalization strategies distinguished according to the model of Perlmutter are ethnocentric, polycentric, and geocentric.

Perlmutter distinguished three internationalization strategies in his model. According to this model, these strategies are based on how much a company’s management team or business approach takes into account local culture and markets. The three strategies are:

Ethnocentric: In this strategy, the company's head office views the entire world as a potential market and produces products that cater to that market's needs, regardless of where the products are produced. The company's primary goal is to replicate its domestic success in other countries.

Polycentric: In this strategy, local management is given complete autonomy over business activities. It is believed that local managers have a better understanding of local conditions and markets than headquarters. As a result, the company may have a number of separate and distinct product lines, with each line tailored to local conditions.

Geocentric: This strategy is based on the belief that a company must integrate a global systems approach into its operations. It encourages the company to hire the best people from anywhere in the world, regardless of their nationality, and to transfer knowledge and ideas around the company. This strategy allows companies to create a cohesive global culture while still respecting local differences. It enables a company to adopt standardized policies and procedures across the globe while also responding to local market needs.

The model of Perlmutter identified three internationalization strategies: ethnocentric, polycentric, and geocentric. The strategies are based on how much a company’s management team or business approach takes into account local culture and markets. The ethnocentric approach takes a global market approach, the polycentric approach gives local management autonomy, and the geocentric approach encourages a global systems approach.

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Which of the following statements is most likely to be true regarding a geographic divisional structure? a. A geographic structure allows some functions to be centralized at one headquarters location and others to be decentralized to a regional level. b. A geographic divisional structure is a divisional structure in which specialists from the support functions are combined into product development teams that specialize in the needs of a particular kind of product. c. An organization using a geographic divisional structure employs a transfer pricing mechanism to transfer its products from one geographic division to the other geographic division. d. Organizations that use geographic divisional structure

Answers

The most likely true statement regarding a geographic divisional structure is A geographic structure allows some functions to be centralized at one headquarters location , Option A.

A geographic divisional structure is an organizational structure where the company is divided into different geographic regions or territories. Each region operates as a separate division, typically with its own management team, resources, and decision-making authority.

This structure allows the organization to tailor its operations and strategies to the specific needs and characteristics of each geographic market.

In a geographic divisional structure, certain functions or activities may be centralized at the headquarters level to achieve economies of scale, consistency, and coordination across all regions.

These centralized functions can include strategic planning, financial management, marketing and branding, research and development, and overall corporate governance.

On the other hand, other functions may be decentralized to the regional level to adapt to local market conditions, customer preferences, and regulatory requirements.

Decentralized functions can include sales and distribution, customer service, operations, and supply chain management. By decentralizing these functions, the organization can be more responsive to local market demands and capitalize on regional opportunities.

The combination of centralized and decentralized functions in a geographic divisional structure allows for a balance between achieving consistency and efficiency across the organization while also adapting to local market dynamics.

This structure enables the organization to leverage its global presence while maintaining a level of flexibility and agility in each geographic division.

Therefore, statement a is most likely to be true regarding a geographic divisional structure. So Option A is correct.

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a. Find the duration of a 5.6% coupon bond making annual coupon payments if it has three years until maturity and has a yield to maturity of 5.6%. Note: The face value of the bond is $1,000. (Do not r

Answers

The duration of a 5.6% coupon bond making annual coupon payments if it has three years until maturity and has a yield to maturity of 5.6%, the duration of the bond is 2.849 years (approximately).

Face value of the bond = $1,000

Coupon rate = 5.6%

Yield to maturity = 5.6%

Time to maturity = 3 years

As per the information, we need to identify the duration of a 5.6% coupon bond making annual coupon payments. Let us calculate the price of the bond using the information.

The present value of the bond can be calculated as:

PV = Coupon payment x Annuity factor + Face value x Discount factor

Here, Annuity factor = [1 - (1 + r)-n]/r, and

Discount factor = 1/(1 + r)n

Where, r = yield to maturity/required rate of return

n = number of years

Annuity factor = [1 - (1 + 0.056)-3]/0.056= 2.74742606

Discount factor = 1/(1 + 0.056)3= 0.86412968

Therefore, PV = 56 x 2.74742606 + 1,000 x 0.86412968= $1,028.12

The modified duration (MD) of the bond can be calculated using the following formula:

MD = (1 + r)/(1 + y) x [PV - (C/r)] / FV

Where,r = yield to maturity/required rate of return

y = change in yield

C = annual coupon payment

FV = face value of the bond

Here, annual coupon payment (C) = 0.056 x 1,000= $56

And, FV = $1,000MD = (1 + 0.056)/(1 + 0.056) x [1,028.12 - (56/0.056)] / 1,000= 2.849 years

As the given question is incomplete, the complete question is "a. Find the duration of a 5.6% coupon bond making annual coupon payments if it has three years until maturity and has a yield to maturity of 5.6%. Note: The face value of the bond is $1,000. (Do not round off the answer)"

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Suppose a 95% confidence interval estimate for the mean starting salary (in thousands) of MBA graduates is ($75, $95). The margin of error in this estimate is:

Answers

The margin of error in this estimate is $10.

The margin of error in a confidence interval estimate is calculated by taking half of the width of the confidence interval. In this case, the confidence interval estimate for the mean starting salary of MBA graduates is ($75, $95).

To find the margin of error, we need to calculate the width of the confidence interval by subtracting the lower bound from the upper bound:

Width = Upper Bound - Lower Bound

= $95 - $75

= $20

The margin of error is then obtained by dividing the width of the confidence interval by 2:

Margin of Error = Width / 2

= $20 / 2

= $10

Therefore, the margin of error in this estimate is $10. This means that we can be 95% confident that the true mean starting salary of MBA graduates falls within $10 of the estimated mean salary range of $75 to $95.

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1. Visit finance.yahoo.com, do some research and choose any company that is paying dividends. For the discount rate choose a rate between 2% and 10% and for growth rate choose a rate between: 1% and 6%. Remember Grow rate cannot be higher than discount rate. Then answer the following: a) Name of the company chosen, indicate stock quote price, stock quote symbol, and Dividend amount. b) Explain why you chose that discount rate and growth rate for your stock. c) Calculate the company's value according to any of the two methods that we learned in class (Dividend growth model). Pick only one method d) Compare the value that you have reached versus the quoted price of the stock, should you buy the stock or not? Why?

Answers

An example used is:

Let us say or assume I chose Company XYZ. The stock quote price is said to be $100, the stock quote symbol is XYZ, and the company is one that pays a dividend of $4 per share.

What is the dividends

The decision regarding the discount rate and growth rate is contingent upon a multitude of considerations such as the sector of operation of the firm, its past accomplishments, macroeconomic circumstances, and willingness to undertake risks.

The discount rate pertains to the rate of return that an investor needs, while the growth rate denotes the projected rate of increase in dividends. In order to select suitable pricing, it is vital to take various aspects into account such as the stability of the business,  etc.

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Using which of the following financial resources to fund your early stage startup would be considered the least consistent with the primary principles of bootstrapping? a. Cash Equivalent b. Liquid Assets c. Non-Liquid Assets d.Lines of Credit

Answers

Answer:

d

Explanation:

The least consistent financial resource with the primary principles of bootstrapping for an early-stage startup would be **d. Lines of Credit**.

Bootstrapping refers to building a startup with minimal external funding, relying primarily on the founder's personal finances, resources, and reinvested profits. While using cash equivalents (a) and liquid assets (b) can be considered consistent with bootstrapping since they are easily accessible funds, non-liquid assets (c) may require time and effort to convert into cash. However, lines of credit (d) involve borrowing money and usually incur interest, which goes against the principle of minimizing external funding and financial liabilities in bootstrapping. Thus, choosing lines of credit would be the least consistent with the bootstrapping approach.

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. A Researcher was interested in the effects of rewards on intrinsic motivation. Some children were told that they would be given a special award for drawing with magic markers (an activity they already enjoyed). other children were simply asked to draw with magic markers. One week later, the children were unobtrusively observed for how much time they spent drawing with the markers. The children who expected and received a reward for drawing with the markers were less likely to draw with them later.
2. In an investigation of the fundamental attribution error, subjects were given a speech to read that either favored or opposed the Governor of Michigan. Subjects were told that the speech was written by a student who had been assigned to the position taken in the paper (that is, the student writing the speech had no choice on which position to take). Nevertheless, subjects believed that the who wrote the pro-Governor speech had positive attitudes toward the Governor, while subjects who read the anti-Governor paper believed the writer had negative attitudes toward the Governor.
3. Within a classroom setting, subjects were asked to listen to a guest instructor. All subjects were given a description of the instructor. Some subjects read a description containing the phrase "People who know him consider him to be a rather cold person....". while other person read a description where the word "warm" was substituted for the word cold (otherwise, the descriptions were identical). After the lecture, subjects were asked to rate the instructor. Subjects who were told the instructor was warm gave him more favorable ratings compared to subjects who were told the instructor was cold.
4. Subjects watch a videotape of a woman taking an SAT like test. In all cases, she correctly answered 15 out of 30 questions. But subjects who observed a pattern of initial successes followed by failure perceived the woman as more intelligent than did those who observed the opposite pattern of failure followed by success.
5. Subjects read about a woman who used a particular title, and then rated her on a number of traits. When the woman used the title Ms. rather than Miss or Mrs., she was assumed to be more assertive, achievement oriented, and dynamic, but also cold, unpopular, and unlikely to have a happy marriage.
6. People were randomly approached on the street by a stranger and were asked to use his camera to take a picture of him for a school project. For half of the subjects, the camera didn't work --- the stranger looked concerned, said that the camera was rather delicate, asked the subject if he touched any of the dials, and announced that it would have to be fixed. For the other half of the subjects, the camera worked fine. Further down the street, a woman dropped a file folder of papers. Eighty percent of the subjects who had no broken-camera experience helped the woman pick up her papers, while 10% of the subjects who were led to believe that they broke the woman's camera helped.
Identify the independent and Dependent Variables:

Answers

The independent variable is whether the children expected and received a reward for drawing with magic markers, and the dependent variable is the amount of time the children spent drawing with the markers one week later.



The independent variable is whether the speech favored or opposed the Governor of Michigan, and the dependent variable is the subjects' perception of the writer's attitudes toward the Governor.

The independent variable is whether the instructor was described as cold or warm, and the dependent variable is the subjects' ratings of the instructor.

The independent variable is the pattern of initial successes followed by failure or failure followed by success, and the dependent variable is the subjects' perception of the woman's intelligence.

The independent variable is the title the woman used (Ms., Miss, or Mrs.), and the dependent variables are the subjects' ratings of her assertiveness, achievement orientation, dynamism, and likeliness to have a happy marriage.

The independent variable is whether the subject had a broken-camera experience or not, and the dependent variable is whether or not they helped the woman pick up her papers.

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he financial statements of Columbia Sportswear Company are presented in Appendix B.
Click here to view Appendix B.
The financial statements of VF Corporation are presented in Appendix C.
Click here to view Appendix C.
Answer the following questions for each company.
What is the balance in cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2014? (Enter the amounts in thousands.)
Cash and cash equivalents
Columbia Sportswear $
VF Corporation $
What percentage of total assets does cash represent for each company over the last 2 years? (Round answers to 1 decimal place, e.g. 15.2%.)
Cash as percentage of total assets 2014 2013 Columbia Sportswear % %
VF Corporation % %
Has it changed significantly for either company?
Cash as a percentage of total assets
increaseddecreased
by
% for Columbia Sportswear and
increaseddecreased
by
% for VF Corporation.
How much cash was provided by operating activities during 2014? (Enter the amounts in thousands.)
Cash was provided by operating activities
Columbia Sportswear $
VF Corporation $
Click if you would like to Show Work for this question: Open Show Work

Answers

The main financial statements of Columbia Sportswear Company are the balance sheet, income statement, and cash flow statement.

These financial statements provide a comprehensive view of the company's financial health. The balance sheet shows the company's assets, liabilities, and equity, providing insight into the company's net worth. The income statement reflects the company's revenues, expenses, and net income, allowing stakeholders to assess profitability. The cash flow statement illustrates the inflows and outflows of cash, highlighting the company's liquidity and financial flexibility. By analyzing these statements, stakeholders can make informed decisions about the company's performance and future prospects.

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b) Explain in detail the impact of an independent central bank on inflationary bias and inflation volatility. [30 marks]

Answers

An independent central bank can help reduce inflationary bias and inflation volatility.

An independent central bank refers to a central bank that operates with a high degree of autonomy from the government and is free from political interference in monetary policy decisions. This independence has several impacts on inflationary bias and inflation volatility.

Firstly, an independent central bank is better able to focus on price stability as its primary objective. It can pursue monetary policy based on economic fundamentals rather than short-term political considerations. This helps reduce inflationary bias, which is the tendency for governments to pursue expansionary monetary policies to boost short-term economic growth, often at the expense of long-term price stability.

Secondly, an independent central bank can implement credible and consistent monetary policies. Its credibility is derived from its independence and commitment to price stability, which helps anchor inflation expectations. When the public and financial markets trust that the central bank will act to keep inflation in check, it reduces the uncertainty and volatility surrounding inflation. This leads to more stable and predictable inflation outcomes, reducing inflation volatility.

Overall, the independence of a central bank strengthens its ability to focus on price stability, implement consistent policies, and build credibility, which in turn reduces inflationary bias and inflation volatility. This promotes macroeconomic stability and supports long-term sustainable economic growth.

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PART B - Check the statements below, indicate whether it is true or false and briefly (in 1 paragraph) justify your answer. You can use diagrams as part of your answer if necessary. (6 points; 1.5 point per question) 5. "When expected inflation increases, the real rate of interest falls." 6. "Policy makers can exploit the inflation-unemployment trade-off only temporarily." 7. "Capital accumulation does not affect the level of output in the long run, only technological progress does." 8. "A small open economy can reduce its trade deficit through fiscal contraction at a smaller cost in output than can a large open economy."

Answers

The statement is True. "When expected inflation increases, the real rate of interest falls."

The real rate of interest is the nominal interest rate increased by inflation, making the phrase accurate. Lenders and investors predict that their money will lose purchasing power over time when there is a higher anticipation of inflation. They demand a higher nominal interest rate in order to make up for this anticipated loss in value. So, nominal interest rates often climb when predicted inflation does.

The real rate of interest falls as a result of the fact that the rise in nominal interest rates does not entirely offset the anticipated inflation. In other words, when higher inflation is projected, the real return on an investment is lower.

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Question 1
Discuss the use of volatility breakers/volatility interruptions in
market design and whether they are effective.

Answers

Volatility breakers, also known as volatility interruptions or circuit breakers, are mechanisms implemented in market design to mitigate extreme market volatility and promote stability.

They are designed to temporarily halt or limit trading activities when certain predetermined thresholds of market volatility are breached. The primary goal of volatility breakers is to provide a brief pause in trading, allowing market participants to digest information, reassess their positions, and prevent panic selling or excessive price swings.The effectiveness of volatility breakers in market design is a subject of debate. Proponents argue that they can help prevent market crashes and reduce the impact of extreme price movements. By temporarily halting trading, volatility breakers provide an opportunity for market participants to regain composure and for market mechanisms to operate more efficiently.However, critics point out that volatility breakers can create unintended consequences. Some argue that they may exacerbate panic or market turbulence when trading resumes after a halt, as investors rush to adjust their positions. Additionally, volatility breakers may impede price discovery and limit liquidity during periods of heightened volatility

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1. The various freestanding gas stations in a town illustrate an
example of firms that sell differentiated products.
true or false
2. Company X, Company Y, and Company Z have formed an oligopoly.
Comp

Answers

The statement is true that the various freestanding gas stations in a town illustrate an example of firms that sell differentiated products.

1. This is because even though they all sell gasoline, each gas station might have different brand names, offer different levels of service, or have different locations, which can create product differentiation in the minds of consumers.
2. It is true that Company X, Company Y, and Company Z have formed an oligopoly if they are the dominant firms in a specific market, and there is limited competition. In an oligopoly, a few large firms control the majority of the market share, and they may have similar products or services. These firms tend to be aware of each other's actions and may engage in strategic decision-making to maintain their market position or maximize profits.

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as you an student what are the reasons behind your chosen leader
and at the same time he is an inventor ?

Answers

The reason of a leader who is also an inventor brings a unique set of advantages to an organization.

Their innovation, problem-solving skills, visionary thinking, adaptability, and entrepreneurial mindset can greatly benefit the organization. They have the ability to introduce new ideas, find creative solutions to challenges, anticipate future trends, and navigate uncertainty.

By combining leadership qualities with their inventive abilities, these leaders can inspire their teams, drive innovation, and propel the organization forward. Their presence fosters a culture of innovation and opens up new possibilities, ultimately contributing to the organization's success and competitive edge in a rapidly changing world.

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An invoice is referred to as a _____ invoice for a buyer and as a ____ invoice for the seller.

Answers

An invoice is referred to as a purchase invoice for a buyer and as a sales invoice for the seller. The purchase invoice is issued by the seller to the buyer as a request for payment for goods or services that have been purchased.

It typically includes details such as the date of the transaction, the name of the seller, the name of the buyer, a description of the goods or services, the quantity of the goods or services, the price per unit, and the total amount owed. On the other hand, the sales invoice is issued by the seller to the buyer as proof of the sale of goods or services. It includes similar details as the purchase invoice but from the perspective of the seller. An invoice is referred to as a "purchase" invoice for a buyer and as a "sales" invoice for the seller. A purchase invoice is a document provided by the seller to the buyer, detailing the goods or services purchased, their prices, and the total amount due. On the other hand, a sales invoice is created by the seller to record the transaction from their perspective, listing the items sold, their prices, and the total amount owed by the buyer. Both purchase and sales invoices serve as records of the transaction for accounting and tax purposes, ensuring accurate financial reporting for both parties.

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Use the following information to answer questions 6 and 7: Use the following two equations for the demand and supply curves to compute the equilibrium price value. Demand curve: Qd = 3300-2PSupply curve: Qs = 500+8P 6. What is the value of the equilibrium price? 7. What is the equilibrium quantity? Suppose Government cuts personal income tax rates.

Answers

If the government cuts personal income tax rates, it could potentially increase consumer disposable income, which could lead to an increase in demand for goods and services. This increase in demand could shift the demand curve to the right, leading to a higher equilibrium price and quantity.

6. To find the value of the equilibrium price, we need to set the demand curve equal to the supply curve and solve for P.

Qd = Qs
3300-2P = 500+8P

Simplifying:
2800 = 10P
P = 280

Therefore, the equilibrium price is $280.

7. To find the equilibrium quantity, we substitute the equilibrium price into either the demand or supply equation.

Qd = 3300-2P
Qd = 3300-2(280)
Qd = 2740

Therefore, the equilibrium quantity is 2740.

Suppose the government cuts personal income tax rates. If this leads to an increase in consumer disposable income, the demand for goods and services could increase. This increase in demand could shift the demand curve to the right, leading to a higher equilibrium price and quantity. However, the magnitude of this effect would depend on how much the tax rates are cut and how consumers choose to spend their additional disposable income.

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Which of the following external pressures creates the need for the most rapid organizational change? technological advances growing international interdependence shifting political dynamics changes in societal values

Answers

Technological advances create the need for the most rapid organizational change. Therefore, option A is correct.

Technological advances have the potential to disrupt industries, markets, and traditional business models. The rapid pace of technological innovation and advancements can quickly render existing products, services, and processes obsolete.

Organizations need to adapt and embrace new technologies to stay competitive, improve efficiency, and meet customer expectations. With technological advances, organizations often face the challenge of adopting new technologies.

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Your question is incomplete, most probably the full question is this:

Which of the following external pressures creates the need for the most rapid organizational change? technological advances growing international interdependence shifting political dynamics changes in societal values

The following data extracted from the books of a company during the years 2008 and 2009 Data 2008 2009 Creditors 110000 170000 Cash 80000 60000 Retained earnings 107000 195000 Payment papers 100000 65

Answers

Creditors stood at $110,000 in 2008 and increased to $170,000 in 2009.

What was the increase in creditors from 2008 to 2009?

The company's financial data for 2008 and 2009 reveals the following figures: Creditors stood at $110,000 in 2008 and increased to $170,000 in 2009.

Cash on hand decreased from $80,000 in 2008 to $60,000 in 2009. Retained earnings experienced a significant jump, rising from $107,000 in 2008 to $195,000 in 2009. Additionally, payment papers amounted to $100,000 in 2008 and decreased to $65 in 2009.

These figures suggest that the company's liabilities to creditors grew over the two years, while cash reserves diminished.

However, the company managed to improve its retained earnings substantially, indicating improved profitability. The decline in payment papers may signify a decrease in transactional paperwork.

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1. By the definition given in lecture, a model is (_____) A. an abstract representation of reality. B. logical structure and collection of ideas for thinking about a problem or answering a question C. not the best model for a situation unless it is the most accurate model available. D. best if it is as realistic as possible. E. no other answer is the best one.

Answers

By the definition given in lecture, a model is: logical structure and collection of ideas for thinking about a problem or answering a question. The correct option is: B

What is logical structure?

The term "logical structure" refers to the organization and arrangement of components or elements in a systematic and rational manner, based on logical principles or rules. It involves the logical relationships and connections between different parts of a system, argument, concept, or any structured entity.

A model is a simplified representation of a complex system or phenomenon that helps us understand and analyze it. It provides a logical structure and a set of ideas that guide our thinking and enable us to make predictions or draw conclusions about the real world. Models are not intended to be exact replicas of reality but rather simplified abstractions that capture the essential features of the system under study.

They allow us to simplify complex problems and focus on the key variables and relationships that matter. While models should strive for accuracy, it is not necessary for them to be completely realistic. In fact, a model's usefulness is determined by its ability to capture the relevant aspects of the problem at hand and provide insights and predictions that align with empirical observations. Therefore, option B best captures the definition of a model.

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Determining which vehicle to purchase based on monthly payment.
Vehicle A has a final sale price of $25,000 at 5% interest and offers financing up to 60 months.
Vehicle B has a final sale price of $29,000 at 4% interest and offers financing up to 60 months.
What steps would you take to solve this problem? What formulas will you use? (if applicable)
Explain how you would calculate the result. You can infer and add any additional details you feel you might need to create the calculation.
Explain your result in the context of your original situation/problem. (e.g., based on my calculations, I opt for gym membership B because....)

Answers

Based on the calculations, we would opt for purchasing Vehicle A because it has a lower monthly payment.

Vehicle A: Final sale price = $25,000, Interest rate = 5%, Financing offered up to = 60 months

Vehicle B: Final sale price = $29,000, Interest rate = 4%, Financing offered up to = 60 months

To determine which vehicle to purchase based on monthly payment, we need to calculate the monthly payment for both vehicles.

Formula used to calculate the monthly payment of a loan is:P = (r * A) / (1 - (1 + r)^-n)

Where,

P = monthly payment
A = loan amount
r = interest rate per month
n = total number of payments

1: Calculate the monthly payment for Vehicle A

We are given that, A = $25,000, r = 5% / 12 = 0.00417 (as interest rate is given as annual rate, we need to divide it by 12 to get the monthly rate), n = 60

Using these values, we can calculate the monthly payment for Vehicle A.

P = (0.00417 * 25,000) / (1 - (1 + 0.00417)^-60) = $471.78

Therefore, the monthly payment for Vehicle A is $471.78.

2: Calculate the monthly payment for Vehicle B

We are given that, A = $29,000, r = 4% / 12 = 0.00333 (as interest rate is given as annual rate, we need to divide it by 12 to get the monthly rate), n = 60

Using these values, we can calculate the monthly payment for Vehicle B.

P = (0.00333 * 29,000) / (1 - (1 + 0.00333)^-60) = $541.06Therefore, the monthly payment for Vehicle B is $541.06.

Based on the calculations, the monthly payment for Vehicle A is $471.78 and for Vehicle B it is $541.06. Therefore, if the person wants to minimize their monthly payment, they should opt for Vehicle A because it has a lower monthly payment.

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The supply and demand for solar panels in Tempe are given by: Supply: P = 5+ 3Q³ Demand: P = 40-2 Qd A. (4 points) What is the equilibrium quantity of solar panels in Tempe? B. (4 points) What is the

Answers

The equilibrium quantity and price for solar panels in Tempe is 7 and $26 respectively.

To calculate equilibrium quantity of solar panel:

Equilibrium is a point where market demand and supply curve intersect. i.e. quantity supplied becomes equal.

Qd = Qs

40 - 2Qd = 5 + 3Qs

2Qd + 3Qs = 35

2Q + 3Q = 35 (Substituting Qd and Qs as Q since both are equal)

5Q = 35

Q = 7

Therefore, the equilibrium quantity of solar panels in Tempe is 7.

To calculate equilibrium price of solar panel:

P = 5 + 3Qs

P = 5 + 3(7)

P = 26

Therefore, the equilibrium price of solar panels in Tempe is $26.

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The complete question is:

The supply and demand for solar panels in Tempe are given by:

Supply: P = 5+ 3Qs

Demand: P = 40-2 Qd

A.  What is the equilibrium quantity of solar panels in Tempe?

B. What is the equilibrium price of solar panels in Tempe?

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