Variable cost at $200, fixed cost at $150, and quantity of output at 10
The average variable cost is Average variable cost = Variable cost/Quantity of output= $200/10 = $20 per unit.
1If 3 T-Shirts have a total utility of 6 utils and 4 movie tickets have a total utility of 12 utils , the total utility is
Utility per T-shirt = 6/3 = 2 utils Utility per movie ticket = 12/4 = 3 utils Total utility = [tex](3 x 2) + (4 x 3) = 6 + 12 = 18[/tex] utils
2If 2 workers can produce 15 widgets and 3 workers can produce 21 widgets, the marginal product is
Marginal product = Change in output/Change in input
= (21 - 15)/(3 - 2)= 6 widgets
Suppose producing 5 widgets an hour requires 10 workers, who are paid $10.00 per hour each.
If the production cost for 5 widgets is $1000, the actual profit the store earned was $100, and they spent $25, the total profit is
Profit = Revenue - Cost Profit = [tex]($100 + $25) - $1000 = -$875[/tex]
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Five years ago you made an $80,00020-year FRM Loan at 9.96%. What is the current market value of the loan if the current market interest rate of remaining payments is 11.04% ? Please round your answers to the cents' place. (HINT: Solve for present value of remaining mortgage payments discounted at current market interest rate)
The current market value of the loan is approximately $106,866.47.
To calculate the current market value of the loan, we need to determine the present value of the remaining mortgage payments discounted at the current market interest rate.
First, we calculate the remaining payments on the loan. Since it is a 20-year loan and five years have already passed, there are 15 years remaining.
Next, we calculate the annual mortgage payment using the original loan amount, interest rate, and remaining term. The formula to calculate the mortgage payment is:
M = P * r * (1 + r)^n / ((1 + r)^n - 1)
Where:
M = Mortgage payment
P = Loan amount
r = Interest rate per period
n = Total number of periods
Using the given values:
P = $80,000
r = 9.96% = 0.0996 (converted to decimal)
n = 15
Calculating M:
M = 80000 * 0.0996 * (1 + 0.0996)^15 / ((1 + 0.0996)^15 - 1) = $9,209.54
Now, we calculate the present value of the remaining mortgage payments using the current market interest rate of 11.04%. We discount each payment to its present value using the formula:
PV = M / (1 + r)^t
Where:
PV = Present value
M = Mortgage payment
r = Interest rate per period
t = Number of periods
We calculate the present value of each remaining payment for 15 years and sum them up to get the current market value of the loan.
PV = M / (1 + r)^1 + M / (1 + r)^2 + ... + M / (1 + r)^15
PV = 9209.54 / (1 + 0.1104)^1 + 9209.54 / (1 + 0.1104)^2 + ... + 9209.54 / (1 + 0.1104)^15 = $106,866.47
Therefore, the current market value of the loan is approximately $106,866.47.
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Prepare a trial balance on April 30, 2022. PINA COLADA ARCHITECTS INC. Trial Balance April 30, 2022 Debit Credit Cash 1 $ Accounts Receivable Supplies Expense Accounts Payable I Unearned Service Revenue I Common Stock Service Revenue Salaries and Wages Expense Rent Expense $ e Textbook and Media Apr. 1 1 2 3 10 11 Stockholders invested $26,910 cash in exchange for common stock of the corporation. Hired a secretary-receptionist at a salary of $561 per week, payable monthly. Paid office rent for the month $1,345. Purchased architectural supplies on account from Burmingham Company $1.943. Completed blueprints on a carport and billed client $2,840 for services. Received $1,046 cash advance from M. Jason to design a new home. Received $4,186 cash for services completed and delivered to S. Melvin. Paid secretary-receptionist for the month $2,244. Paid $448 to Burmingham Company for accounts payable due. 20 30 30
Here is the trial balance for Pina Colada Architects INC. as of April 30, 2022:
PINA COLADA ARCHITECTS INC.Trial Balance
April 30, 2022
Debit Credit
Cash $26,910
Accounts Receivable $1,046
Supplies Expense $0
Accounts Payable $1,943
Unearned Service Revenue $0
Common Stock $26,910
Service Revenue $6,026
Salaries and Wages Expense $2,244
Rent Expense $1,345
Total $41,475
The following transactions were recorded during the month of April:
On April 1, stockholders invested $26,910 cash in exchange for common stock of the corporation.
On April 1, a secretary-receptionist was hired at a salary of $561 per week, payable monthly.
On April 2, office rent for the month was paid in cash $1,345.
On April 3, architectural supplies were purchased on account from Burmingham Company $1,943.
On April 10, blueprints on a carport were completed and billed to the client for $2,840.
On April 11, a cash advance of $1,046 was received from M. Jason to design a new home.
On April 20, $4,186 cash was received for services completed and delivered to S. Melvin.
On April 30, the secretary-receptionist was paid $2,244 for the month.
On April 30, $448 was paid to Burmingham Company for accounts payable due.
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Provide the mechanism of the Real Property Gains Tax (TAXATION IN MALAYSIA). [10 marks]
*PLEASE ANSWER BRIEFLY FOR 10 MARKS. THANK YOU. DO NOT COPY OTHER ANWERS.
The mechanism of the Real Property Gains Tax (RPGT) in Malaysia can be summarized as follows:
1. Determination of Chargeable Gains: When a property is disposed of, the RPGT is levied on the chargeable gains. Chargeable gains are calculated by deducting the disposal price from the acquisition price, after adjusting for allowable expenses and incidental costs of acquisition and disposal.
2. Classification of Gains: The chargeable gains are classified into three categories based on the holding period of the property. Category 1 includes properties held for up to 3 years, Category 2 includes properties held for more than 3 but up to 5 years, and Category 3 includes properties held for more than 5 years.
3. Rate of Taxation: The RPGT rates vary depending on the category of the property. For individuals, the rates range from 0% to 30% for Category 1, 5% to 30% for Category 2, and 5% to 20% for Category 3. For companies, the rates are fixed at 30% for all categories.
4. Exemptions and Relief: Certain exemptions and reliefs are available, such as exemption for disposal of residential properties by Malaysian citizens, relief for disposal of properties due to natural disasters or compulsory acquisition, and relief for low-cost houses.
5. Filing and Payment: The RPGT is self-assessed, and taxpayers are required to file a return within 30 days from the date of disposal. The tax must be paid within 60 days from the date of disposal.
In conclusion, the RPGT in Malaysia involves the calculation of chargeable gains, classification of gains based on the holding period, application of varying tax rates, consideration of exemptions and reliefs, and the requirement for taxpayers to file returns and make payments within specific timelines.
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The ucc requires that sellers and lessors tender ________ goods to the buyer or lessee.
The UCC (Uniform Commercial Code) requires that sellers and lessors tender conforming goods to the buyer or lessee which allows mutual understanding between the parties involved in the contract.
The goods which are related to contractual specifications and conditions and must be agreed upon by the parties involved in the exchange or sales or lease are called Conforming goods. The firms involved in the Conforming goods can satisfy the agreed-upon terms.
The UCC aims to promote fair and satisfactory terms and conditions upon the goods and fulfill their terms. The lease must be an efficient and reliable commercial transaction. The UCC made the rules mandatory.
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Jackson is selling his home. He is willing to sell it for $325,000. The housing market is bustling, and he accepts an offer from a buyer for $400,000. What is Jackson's producer surplus from selling his home? $400,000 $0 $75,000 $325,000
Producer surplus refers to the difference between the amount a seller received from a buyer and the seller's willingness to accept payment for a good or service. The producer surplus is equal to the amount a seller is paid minus the seller's minimum acceptable price.
According to the problem, Jackson is selling his house. He is willing to sell it for $325,000.
The buyer made an offer of $400,000.
Thus, the producer surplus from selling his home is $400,000 - $325,000 = $75,000.
Therefore, the correct answer is $75,000.
Explanation: Producer surplus: The difference between the amount a seller received from a buyer and the seller's willingness to accept payment for a good or service is called producer surplus.
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For each of the following aggregate expenditure (AE) functions, identify the marginal propensity to spend (z) and calculate the simple multiplier. a. \( A E=160+0.37 Y \) The marginal propensity
The marginal propensity to spend (z) represents the fraction of additional income that is spent rather than saved. The marginal propensity to spend (z) would be 0.37.
To find the marginal propensity to spend (z) for the given aggregate expenditure (AE) function, we look at the coefficient of the income (Y) variable. In this case, the coefficient is 0.37. To calculate the simple multiplier, we use the formula: simple multiplier = 1 / (1 - z).
Using the value of z we found earlier, the simple multiplier is:
simple multiplier = 1 / (1 - 0.37)
simple multiplier = 1 / 0.63
simple multiplier ≈ 1.59 (rounded to two decimal places)
So, for the given aggregate expenditure function, the marginal propensity to spend (z) is 0.37 and the simple multiplier is approximately 1.59.
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John is the owner of a factory producing solar panels in Nooneknow. John sells his products in the local market, and he would like to maximize the profit of his business. Below are the demand, the relevant marginal revenue and the marginal cost of John’s product.
Quantity demanded per day: Q = 10 – P, where P is the price of solar panel;
Marginal revenue per day: MR = 10 – 2Q;
Marginal cost: MC = 6;
For example, when P = 9, the quantity demanded per day Q is 1, and MR is 8.
(i) How many solar panels should John’s factory produce every day? What is the profit-maximization price? Explain your answer briefly.
(ii) Suppose that John’s business is earning a profit of 3 per day at the optimal output, i.e. your answer to (i). What is the total fixed cost of John’s business?
(iii) Now the government of Nooneknow imposes a unit tax of 2 per solar panel sold. Briefly explain how this unit tax might affect John's factory's optimal price and output.
(iv) A business consultant recommends John move his factory to Winterfell. This move helps reduce the marginal cost of production from 6 to 2. However, the transportation cost of moving a solar panel from Winterfell to Nooneknow is 2 per unit. In addition, this move will increase the total fixed cost by 1. In other words, the new total fixed cost is your answr to (ii) plus 1. Furthermore, John needs to pay the unit tax to the Nooneknow government since the panels are still sold in Nooneknow. Should John move his factory to Winterfell? Briefly explain your answer.
John's factory should produce 2 solar panels every day, with a profit-maximization price of 8. The total fixed cost of John's business is 4. The unit tax imposed by the Noone know government may affect the optimal price and output by increasing production costs.
(i) To determine the optimal quantity of solar panels John's factory should produce every day, we need to find the quantity where marginal revenue (MR) equals marginal cost (MC). Given that MC is a constant of 6, we can equate MR to 6 and solve for Q.
MR = MC
10 - 2Q = 6
-2Q = 6 - 10
-2Q = -4
Q = -4 / -2
Q = 2
Therefore, John's factory should produce 2 solar panels every day.
To find the profit-maximization price, we substitute the value of Q into the demand function to obtain:
Q = 10 - P
2 = 10 - P
P = 10 - 2
P = 8
Hence, the profit-maximization price is 8.
(ii) If the business is earning a profit of 3 per day at the optimal output, it means that total revenue (TR) exceeds total cost (TC) by 3. Since profit is equal to TR minus TC, we can set up the equation:
Profit = TR - TC
3 = (P × Q) - (MC × Q)
3 = (8 × 2) - (6 × 2)
3 = 16 - 12
3 = 4
Therefore, the total fixed cost of John's business is 4.
(iii) With the imposition of a unit tax of 2 per solar panel sold, the cost of production increases. This would result in an increase in the marginal cost (MC) of producing solar panels. As a result, the profit-maximization price would also need to increase to cover the additional tax burden. The optimal output level may also be affected as higher costs could lead to a lower quantity produced.
(iv) To determine whether John should move his factory to Winterfell, we need to compare the costs and benefits of the move. The reduced marginal cost from 6 to 2 would likely lead to a higher level of profit. However, the transportation cost of 2 per unit and the increase in total fixed cost by 1 should also be taken into account. It is necessary to calculate the new total fixed cost by adding 1 to the total fixed cost determined in (ii). After considering all these factors, John should weigh the potential increase in profit against the additional costs and make an informed decision.
In conclusion, John's factory should produce 2 solar panels every day, with a profit-maximization price of 8. The total fixed cost of John's business is 4. The unit tax imposed by the Nooneknow government may affect the optimal price and output by increasing production costs. Whether John should move his factory to Winterfell depends on a comparison of the costs and benefits, considering the reduced marginal cost, transportation cost, and increase in total fixed cost.
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Customers with a high cost to serve have ________.
a. standard delivery requirements
b. few order changes
c. large order quantity
d. frequent returns
Customers with a high cost to serve have frequent returns.
The correct option is (d)
What is customer return called?In retail, a product return is the process of a customer taking previously purchased merchandise back to the retailer, and in turn receiving a refund in the original form of payment, exchange for another item (identical or different), or a store credit.
Cost to serve is an analytical framework used to assess the true cost of meeting customer requirements.
The correct option is (d)
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Suppose a European call option has a price 16.6994 today. The stock price is 100, strike is 90, risk free rate r is 5%, no dividend, and 1 year to expiration. Suppose the implied volatility is: σ(Κ) = 0.3*exp(-2(Κ/100 - 1)) Compute the price of a vanilla European put option P(S=100, K=90, T = 1, r = 0.05 )
The price of a vanilla European put option with a stock price of 100, strike price of 90, one year to expiration, and a risk-free rate of 5% is computed to be $5.841.
To compute the price of a vanilla European put option, we need to use the Black-Scholes formula, which takes into account the given parameters: stock price (S), strike price (K), time to expiration (T), risk-free rate (r), and implied volatility (σ).
Using the Black-Scholes formula, we can calculate the price of the put option as follows:
d1 = [ln(S/K) + (r + (σ^2)/2) * T] / (σ * sqrt(T))
d2 = d1 - σ * sqrt(T)
N(-d1) and N(-d2) represent the cumulative distribution functions of the standard normal distribution evaluated at -d1 and -d2, respectively.
The put option price (P) can be calculated using the formula:
P = K * exp(-r * T) * N(-d2) - S * N(-d1)
Substituting the given values into the formula:
S = 100, K = 90, T = 1, r = 0.05, and σ = σ(K) = 0.3 * exp(-2(K/100 - 1))
First, we calculate d1 and d2 using the formulas mentioned earlier. Then, we evaluate N(-d1) and N(-d2) using the standard normal distribution table or a statistical calculator.
Finally, we substitute the values into the put option formula to calculate the price of the put option:
P = 90 * exp(-0.05 * 1) * N(-d2) - 100 * N(-d1)
After performing the calculations, the price of the vanilla European put option is approximately $5.841.
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Bond Portfolio:
Your colleague Nina Peter is also a risk manager at Arcku Asset management Plc and specialises in swaps. She has been temporarily assigned to your hedge fund to assist you.
Arcku Plc has outstanding bonds worth £200m, 5 year semi-annual pay, floating rate bonds with coupons rate equal to 180 day LIBOR + 50 basis points with an embedded call option. Arcku Plc is worried that interest rates may rise over the rest of tenor of the issue. This would increase the cost of debt financing and Arcku would like to hedge against this risk.
Nina Peter offers two solutions:
1. Arcku can call the bonds early, if LIBOR rises above 5% or,
2. Take a long position in a swaption with strike rate of 5% for the remaining 3 years.
The expected term structure of interest for the remaining tenor of the issue is as follows:
180 day LIBOR 4.5%
360 day LIBOR 5%
540 day LIBOR 5%
720 day LIBOR 5.6%
900 day LIBOR 6%
1080 day LIBOR 4.8%
Equity Portfolios:
The dividends received from stock holdings were previously re-invested into trending stocks in short-term sub-portfolio until the end of the financial year. Due to recent bleak outlook of the UK economy, Arcku Plc’s hedge fund has decided to re-invest the dividend income into foreign currency (Euros) instead, as the UK Pound has been and is expected to continue to lose value against the Euro. If the Pound depreciation against the Euro continues, Arcku expects earn positive returns from this strategy that would help ease up its cash shortages. Dividend income amounts to approximately 2.5% of size of equity portfolio, that is, £2.5 m every quarter.
Nina suggests that Arcku Plc should enter into currency swap for next 5 year to exchange the dividend income with another EU based hedge firm whose annual dividend income is the same as Arcku, when converted into Pounds. Given today’s exchange rate of £1 = € 0.85 any firm with dividend income of €/ £ (0. 85 x £2.5 m= € 2,125,000) should qualify.
If not swaps, Arcku’s may enter into a forward contract or a future contract or go long in currency option. Any method chosen must consider Arcku’s current cash shortage and require a minimum cash outflow over the next 2 to 3 months.
Currency portfolio:
In order to execute a currency hedge, Nina suggests it is important to determine what would be the correct spot price of the currency 3 months from now. Nina thinks that the Pound is likely to depreciate against the Euro, as the UK is expected to have a higher inflation rate compared to mainland Europe. The UK inflation expectation is at 4.5%, while the cost-of-living index for EU is expected to increase by 3% over the next 3 months. The spot exchange today is €0.85 = £1
Required:
Bonds:
(I) Discuss the possible benefits, costs and limitation of the 2 options presented by Nina.
(II) Determine the net settlement of Arcku from swaption?
(III) Comment on last swap settlement? Can this be avoided?
(IV) Derive the equation to show how can Arcku eliminate the uncertainty regarding FRN interest payments by using the swaption?
Equity:
(V) Critically valuate Nina’s statement regarding currency swap on equity dividends.
Consider all elements of the suggestion you may or may not agree with?
(VI) Assuming a currency swap is not feasible, is a long position in forward or future contract better, considering the cash shortage?
(VII) Determine the expected spot exchange 3 months from now. Are Nina expectations of currency movements, correct?
(I) Possible benefits, costs, and limitations of the two options presented by Nina:
Calling the bonds early if LIBOR rises above 5%:
Benefits:
Arcku can avoid higher interest payments if LIBOR rises above 5%.
The company can refinance at a lower rate if interest rates increase significantly.
Costs:
There may be call premium or other associated costs for early redemption.
Arcku would lose the future interest payments it would have received if the bonds were held until maturity.
Limitations:
Calling the bonds is only beneficial if LIBOR rises above 5%. If interest rates remain below 5%, the option will not be exercised.
Taking a long position in a swaption with a strike rate of 5%:
Benefits:
Arcku can protect itself against rising interest rates by securing the right to enter into a swap agreement.
If interest rates rise above 5%, Arcku can exercise the swaption and enter into a swap to receive fixed payments.
Costs:
There may be upfront costs associated with entering into the swaption agreement.
If interest rates remain below 5%, Arcku will incur the cost of the swaption premium without exercising the option.
Limitations:
The swaption will only provide protection if interest rates rise above the strike rate of 5%. If rates remain below 5%, the swaption may not be exercised.
(II) The net settlement of Arcku from the swaption will depend on the prevailing interest rates at the time of exercise. If interest rates rise above 5% during the remaining 3 years, Arcku can exercise the swaption and enter into a swap agreement to receive fixed payments. The net settlement will be the difference between the fixed payments received and the floating rate payments that Arcku would have made without the swaption.
(III) The comment on the last swap settlement and whether it can be avoided depends on the specific terms of the swap agreement and the prevailing interest rates. If the swap agreement has reached its maturity, the last settlement will involve the final exchange of payments as per the swap terms. Avoiding the last swap settlement may not be possible unless there are specific provisions for early termination or other renegotiations in the swap agreement.
(IV) The equation to show how Arcku can eliminate the uncertainty regarding FRN (Floating Rate Note) interest payments using the swaption can be derived by comparing the fixed payments received through the swap agreement with the floating rate payments on the FRN. By entering into the swaption and subsequent swap agreement, Arcku can convert the variable interest payments on the FRN into fixed payments, eliminating the uncertainty associated with floating rates.
Equity:
(V) Nina's statement regarding the currency swap on equity dividends suggests that reinvesting the dividend income into Euros can help mitigate the depreciation risk of the UK Pound against the Euro. By exchanging the dividend income with an EU-based hedge firm, Arcku can earn positive returns if the Pound continues to depreciate. This strategy aims to offset the potential loss in Pound value by investing in a currency expected to appreciate.
(VI) If a currency swap is not feasible, a long position in a forward or future contract can be considered. However, considering the cash shortage, a forward contract might be a better option compared to a future contract. In a forward contract, no initial cash outflow is required, and the settlement occurs at the contract's maturity. This allows Arcku to hedge its currency risk without immediate cash outflows, providing flexibility in managing its cash shortage.
(VII) To determine the expected spot exchange rate three months from now, we need to consider
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Write an accurate example of a "job to be done" that someone might be hiring for, and then suggest at least three solutions from different product classes that individuals might hire to complete the job.
Job to be done: Keeping track of personal finances and budgeting effectively.
Suggested solutions: 1. Personal finance management software like Mint or Quicken. 2. Budgeting apps like YNAB or PocketGuard. 3. Financial planning services with a professional advisor.
The job to be done is the need for effective personal finance management and budgeting. Individuals want solutions that help them track income, expenses, and create budgets. Personal finance management software like Mint and Quicken offer digital platforms to manage finances, categorize transactions, and generate reports. Budgeting apps like YNAB and PocketGuard provide mobile tools for tracking expenses, setting budgets, and receiving real-time notifications. Financial planning services with advisors offer personalized guidance, comprehensive financial planning, and investment strategies. These solutions cater to different preferences, whether individuals prefer self-guided tools or seek professional assistance, enabling them to take control of their finances and achieve their financial goals.
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You are going to receive three perpetuities. Perpetuity 1 will pay $350 each year, with the first payment to be paid at Year 1. Perpetuity 2 will pay $550 each year, with the first payment to be paid at Year 15. Perpetuity 3 will pay $650 each year, with the first payment to be paid at Year 31. The effective annual interest rate is 8.58 percent. Find the combined value of these three perpetuities, evaluated at Year 25.
Therefore, the combined value of these three perpetuities, evaluated at Year 25, is 13874.51.To find the combined value of the three perpetuities evaluated at Year 25, we need to calculate the present value of each perpetuity and then sum them up.
Let's start with perpetuity 1. The cash flow is $350 per year, and the effective annual interest rate is 8.58 percent. Using the formula for the present value of a perpetuity, which is PV = C / r, where PV is the present value, C is the cash flow, and r is the interest rate, we can calculate the present value of perpetuity 1.
PV1 = 350 / 0.0858
= 4073.17
Next, let's move on to perpetuity 2. The cash flow is $550 per year, and the first payment will be received at Year 15. Since we want to evaluate the combined value at Year 25, we need to find the present value of perpetuity 2 for a period of 10 years.
PV2 = 550 / 0.0858
= 6414.37
Finally, let's calculate the present value of perpetuity 3. The cash flow is 650 per year, and the first payment will be received at Year 31. Again, we need to find the present value for a period of 25 - 31 = -6 years.
However, since the time is negative, we need to use the future value formula, which is PV = FV / (1 + r)^n, where FV is the future value, r is the interest rate, and n is the number of periods.
PV3 = 650 / (1 + 0.0858)^(-6)
= 3386.97
Now, we can find the combined value by summing up the present values of the three perpetuities.
Combined Value = PV1 + PV2 + PV3
= 4073.17 + $6414.37 + 3386.97
= 13874.51.
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Tasty Tuna Corporation buys on terms of 2.5/15, net 45 from its chief supplier. If Tasty Tuna recelves an invoice for $856.75, what would be the true price of this invoice? (Note: Round all intermedlate calculations to four decimal places, and your final answer to two decimal places.) $626.50 $835.33 5877.10 $710.03 The nominal annual cost of the trade credit extended by the supplier is assuming o 365 -day year. (Note: Round all intermediate calculations to four decimal places, and your final answer to two decimal placen.) Suppose Tasty Tuna does not take advantage of the discount and then chooses to pay its supplier late-so that on average, Tasty Tura will pay its supplier on the soth day after the sale. As a result, Thsty Tuna can decrease its nominal cost of trade credit by by paying late. (Note: Round ail intermediate calculations to four decimal places, and your final answer to two decimal places.)
The true price of the invoice would be $835.33. The nominal annual cost of the trade credit extended by the supplier is $18.68 assuming a 365-day year.
To calculate the true price of the invoice, we need to consider the terms of the discount and the credit period. The terms "2.5/15, net 45" mean that a 2.5% discount is offered if the invoice is paid within 15 days; otherwise, the full amount is due within 45 days.
To find the discounted price, we calculate 2.5% of $856.75, which is $21.42. Subtracting this discount from the invoice amount gives us $835.33 as the true price.
The nominal annual cost of the trade credit extended by the supplier can be calculated using the formula:
Nominal Cost = (Discount % / (1 - Discount %)) x (365 / (Credit Period - Discount Period))
Substituting the values from the given terms, we find the nominal cost of trade credit.
If Tasty Tuna chooses to pay its supplier late, the cost of trade credit can be reduced. By delaying payment, the average number of days after the sale that Tasty Tuna pays can be determined. This information can be used to recalculate the nominal cost of trade credit and compare it to the previous cost. The reduction in the nominal cost reflects the benefit of paying late.
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Q7) Portfolio theory (CAPM by Uintner, Sharpe) proposes that higher the risk, higher the experted Return? What kind of Risk are they talking about?
Hello! When it comes to portfolio theory, such as the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) developed by William F. Sharpe and John Lintner, the general proposition is that higher risk is associated with higher expected returns.
In portfolio theory, the risk being discussed is typically the systematic or market risk. This type of risk is related to the overall market and cannot be eliminated by diversification. It is measured by beta, which represents the sensitivity of a security or portfolio to market movements.
According to CAPM, the expected return of an asset or portfolio is determined by its beta. Higher beta implies higher systematic risk and, therefore, higher expected returns. The underlying assumption is that investors require compensation for bearing greater systematic risk.
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In the following Nash-demand game, two players bargain over the division of a resource (a "pie") of size 5. They simultaneously and independently announce demands, x≥0 and y≥0 respectively. If their demands are compatible, i.e., x+y≤5, each receives their demanded share. Otherwise they both receive nothing. Each player's payoff equals the share of the resource they receive. (a) Is there a Nash equilibrium in which one player's share exceeds the other player's share? (b) Is there a Nash equilibrium with shares x and y that satisfy x+y=3 ? (c) Is there a Nash equilibrium in which both players receive nothing? (d) Is there a Nash equilibrium in which only one player has a positive payoff? (e) Are there Pareto efficient Nash equilibria? (f) Are all Nash equilibria Pareto efficient?
(a) No, there is no Nash equilibrium in which one player's share exceeds the other player's share. In this game, players have symmetric strategies and payoffs.
If one player demands more than the other, they risk receiving nothing, which would result in a lower payoff compared to receiving a positive share. Therefore, players have no incentive to demand more than the other player, leading to equal shares.
(b) Yes, there is a Nash equilibrium with shares x and y that satisfy x + y = 3. In this case, both players can demand 1.5 units each, satisfying the constraint x + y ≤ 5. Since they both demand the same share, neither player has an incentive to deviate from this strategy and demand more.
(c) Yes, there is a Nash equilibrium in which both players receive nothing. If both players demand more than 5 units in total, their demands become incompatible, and they both receive nothing. This outcome can be a Nash equilibrium if both players expect the other player to demand more than 5 units.
(d) No, there is no Nash equilibrium in which only one player has a positive payoff. In any Nash equilibrium, both players have symmetric strategies and receive the same share. If one player's payoff is positive, the other player's payoff will also be positive, ensuring a fair division of the resource.
(e) Yes, there are Pareto efficient Nash equilibria. A Pareto efficient outcome is one in which no player can improve their payoff without worsening the payoff of the other player. In this game, any Nash equilibrium with a positive share for both players is Pareto efficient since neither player can increase their share without decreasing the other player's share.
(f) Not all Nash equilibria are Pareto efficient. For example, the Nash equilibrium in which both players receive nothing is not Pareto efficient since both players could have achieved positive payoffs if they had demanded compatible shares. Pareto efficiency implies that there is no possible alternative allocation that makes at least one player better off without making the other worse off, but some Nash equilibria do not satisfy this criterion.
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Which of the following is a characteristic of a successful entrepreneur?
Power seeking
Relies heavily on others who believe in the business
Willingness and desire to follow others
Action-oriented
A characteristic of a successful entrepreneurs is being action-oriented. This means that they are proactive, take initiative, and are willing to take risks to achieve their goals.
Successful entrepreneurs are not passive or waiting for things to happen, but rather they actively seek opportunities and are decisive in their actions.
Being power-seeking is not necessarily a characteristic of a successful entrepreneur. While entrepreneurs do have to assert themselves and make decisions, being power-seeking can lead to conflicts and may hinder collaboration with others.
Reliance on others who believe in the business is important for an entrepreneur, but relying heavily on others may not be the most effective approach. Successful entrepreneurs understand the value of collaboration and building a strong team, but they also take personal responsibility for the success of their business.
In conclusion, the characteristic of being action-oriented is more aligned with a successful entrepreneur compared to the other options provided.
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Suppose today (Spot date) is Friday September 23rd ,2022 and the interest rates for different maturities are as follows: 1. Use arbitrage pricing to determine the forward rate that starts in three months from today and matures in 9 months from today? This is called Forward Rate Agreement or FRS 3×9 where 3 is the starting date from today and 9 is the maturity date from today 2. If you are offered 3×9FRA at 3% show that there is arbitrage possibility and construct it. 3. If you are offered 3×9FRA at 6% show that there is arbitrage possibility and construct it. 4. You are an importer of cars and receive $10,000,000 worth of car shipments in one month at which time you have to pay for it by borrowing this amount from a bank and plan to pay it back in 5 months. You want to fix the borrowing rate today. a) What should be this rate? b) How much will be your interest payment? c) What is the total amount that you have to pay the bank?
To determine the forward rate for the FRA 3×9, we can use the arbitrage pricing principle. We need to find the implied forward rate that would eliminate any arbitrage opportunities.
If you are offered a 3×9 FRA at 3%, there is an arbitrage possibility. To construct it, you can enter into the FRA at 3% and simultaneously borrow money at a lower interest rate. This would result in a risk-free profit.
The interest payment would depend on the borrowing rate. You can calculate it by multiplying the borrowed amount by the borrowing rate and the time period.
The total amount that you have to pay the bank would include the borrowed amount plus the interest payment. This can be calculated by adding the borrowed amount and the interest payment.
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Select an industry of your choices and discuss the Ethics in the Market Place. (Example of industry- airlines, telecommunication, entertainment, consumer products, manufacturing, banking or any other industry exists) Guideline: This part of the assignment should be divided into the following key areas: • Introduction to the industry. • Body: ü What conditions must be in place for a perfectly competitive market to exist? ü What is a monopoly market and why are such markets ethically questionable? ü Give one example and explain. ü When do oligopoly companies act like monopoly? ü Give one example and explain. ü What can be done about monopolies and oligopolies? • Conclusion and recommendation.
Industry: Telecommunications. In the telecommunications industry, achieving perfect competition is challenging due to the complex nature of the market, infrastructure requirements, and limited resources.
Introduction to the industry:
The telecommunications industry plays a crucial role in connecting individuals, businesses, and communities through various communication channels, including voice, data, and internet services. It encompasses companies involved in providing wired and wireless communication networks, telephony services, internet service providers (ISPs), and telecommunications equipment manufacturing. The industry is characterized by rapid technological advancements, global connectivity, and intense competition.
Body:
Conditions for a perfectly competitive market:
In a perfectly competitive market, several conditions must be present: a large number of buyers and sellers, homogeneous products, free entry and exit, perfect information, and no market power for individual firms. However, the telecommunications industry tends to have barriers to entry, limited competition in certain regions, and a few dominant players, making it difficult to meet the requirements for perfect competition.
Monopoly markets and ethical concerns:
A monopoly market occurs when there is a single dominant company or a small group of companies that control a significant portion of the market. Such markets raise ethical concerns due to the concentration of power and potential abuse of market dominance. Monopolies can exploit consumers through high prices, limited choices, and reduced innovation. One example is a telecommunications company that controls the entire infrastructure in a region, leaving consumers with no alternative providers and limited bargaining power.
Oligopoly behaving like a monopoly:
An oligopoly market consists of a small number of dominant firms that collectively control a significant share of the market. These firms may act like a monopoly by colluding or engaging in anti-competitive practices to restrict competition and maximize their profits. For example, in the telecommunications industry, a small group of companies may engage in price-fixing agreements or engage in anti-competitive behavior, effectively limiting consumer choice and impeding fair competition.
Addressing monopolies and oligopolies:
To address the ethical concerns arising from monopolies and oligopolies, regulatory bodies and governments play a vital role. They enforce antitrust laws and regulations to promote competition, prevent anti-competitive practices, and protect consumer interests. Governments can encourage market entry by reducing barriers, promoting infrastructure sharing, and fostering competition through licensing and spectrum allocation policies. Additionally, promoting transparency, ensuring fair pricing, and encouraging innovation can help mitigate the negative effects of monopolies and oligopolies.
Conclusion and recommendation:
In the telecommunications industry, achieving perfect competition is challenging due to the complex nature of the market, infrastructure requirements, and limited resources. However, efforts should be made to promote competition, regulate monopolistic behavior, and protect consumer interests. Governments should prioritize effective regulation and enforcement of antitrust laws, while encouraging investment in infrastructure, promoting fair pricing, and fostering innovation. This approach can help strike a balance between market efficiency, consumer welfare, and ethical considerations in the telecommunications industry.
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2.3: List the internal and external stakeholders of the selected organisation and discuss their impact on the strategic business planning of the selected organisation.
Internal stakeholders: Employees, Managers, Board of directors.
External stakeholders: Customers. Suppliers, Competitors, Government.
Stakeholders' needs and expectations impact strategic business planning. Organizations should understand them to develop successful plans.
Internal stakeholdersEmployees: Employees are the most important internal stakeholder group. They are responsible for carrying out the organization's plans and strategies, and their satisfaction and motivation are essential for success.
Managers: Managers are responsible for setting the strategic direction of the organization and ensuring that it is implemented effectively. They need to be able to gather input from employees and other stakeholders, and to make decisions that are in the best interests of the organization as a whole.
Board of directors: The board of directors is responsible for overseeing the management of the organization and ensuring that it is acting in the best interests of shareholders. They need to be able to provide strategic guidance to management, and to hold them accountable for their performance.
External stakeholdersCustomers: Customers are the ultimate beneficiaries of the organization's products or services. Their needs and expectations must be considered when developing strategic plans.
Suppliers: Suppliers provide the organization with the goods and services it needs to operate. Their reliability and efficiency can have a significant impact on the organization's ability to meet its goals.
Competitors: Competitors are vying for the same customers and market share. The organization needs to be aware of their strengths and weaknesses, and to develop strategies to stay ahead of the competition.
Government: Governments can have a significant impact on the organization's operations through regulations, taxes, and other policies. The organization needs to be aware of these factors and to develop strategies to minimize their impact.
Impact on the strategic business planningThe strategic business planning process should involve all of the organization's stakeholders. By understanding the needs and expectations of all stakeholders, the organization can develop plans that are more likely to be successful.
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If you were the manager of an organization name (2) ways in which you would enhance the culture within the organization to keep employees motivated.
As a manager, I would enhance the culture within the organization to keep employees motivated through the following two ways:
1. Foster a Supportive and Inclusive Environment: I would prioritize creating a culture where employees feel valued, respected, and supported. This can be achieved by encouraging open communication, active listening, and providing opportunities for collaboration and teamwork. Recognizing and appreciating employee contributions and promoting a sense of belonging for everyone in the organization will enhance motivation and engagement.
2. Promote Growth and Development: I would emphasize the importance of continuous learning and professional development. This can be done by providing training programs, mentorship opportunities, and career advancement paths. Encouraging employees to set personal and professional goals and supporting their growth aspirations not only enhances their skills and capabilities but also demonstrates the organization's investment in their long-term success, which serves as a powerful motivator.
Building a strong organizational culture that fosters motivation among employees is crucial for their overall satisfaction and productivity. By creating a supportive and inclusive environment, employees will feel more connected to their work and colleagues, leading to higher levels of motivation. This can be achieved by promoting open communication channels, encouraging employee input, and valuing diverse perspectives.
Additionally, emphasizing growth and development opportunities demonstrates the organization's commitment to its employees' success. By investing in training programs, mentorship initiatives, and career advancement paths, employees feel empowered to expand their skills and achieve their professional goals. This not only enhances their motivation but also promotes loyalty and retention within the organization.
Overall, enhancing the organizational culture by fostering a supportive and inclusive environment and promoting growth and development opportunities can significantly contribute to keeping employees motivated. A motivated workforce leads to increased productivity, higher job satisfaction, and a positive work atmosphere, benefiting both the employees and the organization as a whole.
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Surveys of International Business - I prefer Nike and Starbucks
Ethics is a term that is nebulous and not always easy to define. However, most people know an unethical act when it is presented. Here are a few cases of unethical behavior. The CEO of Turing Pharmaceuticals, Martin Shkreli, quickly went from utter obscurity to being the world's most hated chief executive by buying a company that makes a life-saving pharmaceutical and promptly raising the price from $13.50 to $750 per tablet. Most recent update: Shkreli has been arrested, for fraudulent activity unrelated to his price-gouging. Few tears are being shed, even among those who would defend his price-gouging as an unremarkable side-effect of an otherwise-beneficial free market. Volkswagen was in the news for unethical behavior on a massive scale. Volkswagen's installation of a software "defeat device" in 11 million Volkswagen and Audi diesel vehicles sold worldwide has led to an enormous vehicle recall and an admission of guilt that has surprised many. Volkswagen misled the EPA and the CEO was terminated.
Find a case of unethical behavior and explain it to the class. Also, find an international company that you believe behaves ethically. (Hint: On company websites, you will see the corporate responsibility as indicated by the company).
One case of unethical behavior is the CEO of Turing Pharmaceuticals, Martin Shkreli, who raised the price of a life-saving pharmaceutical from $13.50 to $750 per tablet.
This action was widely criticized as price-gouging and resulted in Shkreli becoming one of the most hated chief executives. He was later arrested for unrelated fraudulent activity.
An international company that is known for behaving ethically is Nike. Nike demonstrates corporate responsibility through various initiatives outlined on their website. They have programs focused on sustainability, labor rights, and community impact.
For example, Nike aims to achieve zero waste and reduce their environmental footprint. They also strive to improve working conditions in their supply chain and support community development through their Nike Community Impact Fund.
Overall, Nike is an example of an international company that actively promotes ethical behavior through their corporate responsibility initiatives.
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What is the future value of $400 in 21 years assuming an interest rate of 13 percent compounded semiannually? Multiple Choice $597.83 $510.78 $5,633.05 $5,208.44 $5,351.40
The future value of $400 in 21 years at an interest rate of 13 percent compounded semiannually is approximately $5,208.44.
To calculate the future value of $400 in 21 years at an interest rate of 13 percent compounded semiannually, we can use the formula for future value:
FV = PV * (1 + r/n)^(n*t)
Where:
FV = Future Value
PV = Present Value (initial amount)
r = Interest rate per period
n = Number of compounding periods per year
t = Number of years
In this case, PV = $400, r = 0.13 (13% as a decimal), n = 2 (semiannual compounding), and t = 21 years. Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
FV = $400 * (1 + 0.13/2)^(2*21)
= $400 * (1 + 0.065)^42
= $400 * (1.065)^42
≈ $5,208.44
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Tremblay Enterprises paid $250,000 (face value) for a 5-year bond on July 1, 2018. The bond, issued by Hidalgo Products, was classified as a held-to-maturity investment by Tremblay. On November 1, 2021, Hidalgo announced the loss of contracts representing 60% of its annual revenue due to the bankruptcies of two of its customers. Based on this information, Tremblay determined that it was probable that the present value of the amount to be collected was $200,000.
In early 2022, Hidalgo announced a new product. The new product represented a significant advancement in technology. Sales for Hidalgo in the third and fourth quarters substantially exceeded estimates. As of December 31, the bond had a fair value of $270,000. How was the $50,000 impairment recorded in 2021? What was the carrying value of the Investment at December 31, 2022?
Select one:
a. $50,000 debit to other comprehensive income; $250,000
b. $50,000 impairment loss in income; $250,000
c. $50,000 debit to other comprehensive income; $270,000
d. $50,000 debit to other comprehensive income; $210,000
e. $50,000 impairment loss in income; $270,000
f. $50,000 impairment loss in income; $210,000
D. $50,000 debit to other comprehensive income; $210,000 is the correct option.
Comprehensive income is the change in a company's net asset value due to non-owner sources during a given time period.
Net income and unrealized income are both included.
Based on the information provided, the $50,000 impairment in 2021 would be recorded as a debit to other comprehensive income.
The carrying value of the investment at December 31, 2022, would be $210,000.
Therefore, the correct answer is option d. $50,000 debit to other comprehensive income; $210,000.
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The quantity demanded of chicken breasts increased 14% when the price of ground beef increased 12%. Calculate crossprice elasticity of demand for chicken breasts. Round your answer to the nearest hundredth. Provide your answer below:
Cross-price elasticity of demand = (Q2 - Q1) / (P2 - P1) * (P1 / Q1).
To round the answer to the nearest hundredth, we can use a calculator or spreadsheet software to perform the calculation and round the result.
To calculate the cross-price elasticity of demand for chicken breasts, we need to determine the percentage change in the quantity demanded of chicken breasts relative to the percentage change in the price of ground beef.
First, we need to find the percentage change in the quantity demanded of chicken breasts. The question states that the quantity demanded of chicken breasts increased by 14% when the price of ground beef increased by 12%.
To calculate the percentage change, we can use the formula:
Percentage Change = (New Value - Initial Value) / Initial Value * 100.
Let's assume the initial quantity demanded of chicken breasts was Q1, and the new quantity demanded after the price increase is Q2.
Percentage change in quantity demanded of chicken breasts = (Q2 - Q1) / Q1 * 100.
Next, we need to find the percentage change in the price of ground beef, which is given as 12%. Let's assume the initial price of ground beef was P1, and the new price after the increase is P2.
Percentage change in price of ground beef = (P2 - P1) / P1 * 100.
Now, we can use the formula for cross-price elasticity of demand:
Cross-price elasticity of demand = Percentage change in quantity demanded of chicken breasts / Percentage change in price of ground beef.
Substituting the values we calculated earlier, we have:
Cross-price elasticity of demand = ((Q2 - Q1) / Q1 * 100) / ((P2 - P1) / P1 * 100).
Simplifying the equation, we have:
Cross-price elasticity of demand = (Q2 - Q1) / (P2 - P1) * (P1 / Q1).
To round the answer to the nearest hundredth, we can use a calculator or spreadsheet software to perform the calculation and round the result.
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On September 28, 2021 the Precious Metals index (PMI) closed at 10,572.02; the day before it closed at 10.583.96. Which of the following statements about that performance is/are true? PMI rose 11.94 basis points PMI fell 0.11 basis points MML rose 11 basis poents PMI tell 11 baskik point PMi fell 11.94 basis points
On September 28, 2021 the Precious Metals index (PMI) closed at 10,572.02; the day before it closed at 10.583.96.
The correct statement is: PMI fell 0.11 basis points.
Based on the given information, we can determine the following:
1. PMI rose 11.94 basis points: False. The closing value of PMI decreased from 10,583.96 to 10,572.02, indicating a decline in value rather than an increase.
2. PMI fell 0.11 basis points: True. The closing value of PMI decreased from 10,583.96 to 10,572.02, indicating a decline of 0.11 basis points.
3. MML rose 11 basis points: Not enough information is provided to determine if MML (which stands for MultiMedia Learning) is related to the Precious Metals index or if it is affected by the given closing values.
4. PMI tell 11 baskik point: The statement is not clear and contains a typo.
5. PMI fell 11.94 basis points: False. The closing value of PMI decreased by 11.94 basis points, not fell by that amount.
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The size of the multiplier depends in part on the
A. level of autonomous expenditures
B. marginal propensity to save
C. change in autonomous consumption
D. level of investment.
The correct answer is: A. The size of the multiplier depends in part on the level of autonomous expenditures.
The multiplier effect refers to the phenomenon where a change in autonomous expenditures (expenditures not influenced by changes in income) leads to a larger overall impact on the economy.
The multiplier represents the ratio of the change in real GDP to the initial change in autonomous expenditures. The formula for the multiplier is:
Multiplier = 1 / (1 - Marginal Propensity to Consume)
Where the Marginal Propensity to Consume (MPC) represents the proportion of an additional dollar of income that is spent on consumption.
It is related to the Marginal Propensity to Save (MPS), which represents the proportion of an additional dollar of income that is saved rather than spent.
The level of autonomous expenditures, such as government spending or exports, directly influences the initial change in aggregate demand, which sets off the multiplier process.
Based on the information provided, the size of the multiplier depends, among other factors, on the level of autonomous expenditures. Autonomous expenditures contribute to the initial change in aggregate demand, which is a key driver of the multiplier effect.
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Prerana started Designer Garments. The following transactions took place in the first month i. Apri 2021 Apni 01: Prerana invested cash in the company's share capital Rs. 75000/ April 02: Paid rent deposit for premises, Rs.15000/- Aprii 03: Purchased goods on credit Rs.24000r-from X Aprii 14: Paid electricity expenses Rs.1250/- April 20: Sold goods to Y on credit, Rs. 16000/- You are required to analyze each transaction. Make joumal entries, post them to respective ledger accounts and prepare a tral balance at the month end.
The transactions for Prerana's Designer Garments have been analyzed and journal entries have been recorded for each transaction. These journal entries are then published to respective ledger accounts which include Cash, Share Capital, Rent Deposit, Purchases, Accounts Payable, Electricity Expenses, Accounts Receivable, and Sales.
Transaction Analysis:
April 01: Prerana invested cash within the company's share capital, Rs. 75,000/-
Journal Entry:
Debit: Cash (Asset) - Rs. 75,000/-
Credit: Share Capital (Equity) - Rs. 75,000/-
April 02: Paid lease deposit for premises, Rs. 15,000/-
Journal Entry:
Debit: Rent Deposit (Asset) - Rs. 15,000/-
Credit: Cash (Asset) - Rs. 15,000/-
April 03: Purchased items on credit score, Rs. 24,000/- from X
Journal Entry:
Debit: Purchases (Expense) - Rs. 24,000/-
Credit: Accounts Payable (Liability) - Rs. 24,000/-
April 14: Paid electricity charges, Rs. 1,250/-
Journal Entry:
Debit: Electricity Expenses (Expense) - Rs. 1,250/-
Credit: Cash (Asset) - Rs. 1,250/-
April 20: Sold items to Y on credit, Rs. 16,000/-
Journal Entry:
Debit: Accounts Receivable (Asset) - Rs. 16,000/-
Credit: Sales (Revenue) - Rs. 16,000/-
To prepare a trial balance at the give up of the month, all the ledger account balances are summarized. The trial balance lists the debit and credit balances of each account and guarantees that the overall debits same as the full credits, imparting a basis for similar financial evaluation and reporting.
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Oriole Co. purchased land as a factory site for $464,000. The process of tearing down two old buildings on the site and constructing the factory required 6 months. The company paid $48,720 to raze the old buildings and sold salvaged lumber and brick for $7,308. Legal fees of $2,146 were paid for title investigation and drawing the purchase contract. Oriole paid $2,552 to an engineering firm for a land survey, and $78,880 for drawing the factory plans. The land survey had to be made before definitive plans could be drawn. Title insurance on the property cost $1,740, and a liability insurance premium paid during construction was $1,044. The contractor's charge for construction was $3,178,400. The company paid the contractor in two installments: $1,392,000 at the end of 3 months and $1,786,400 upon completion. Interest costs of $197,200 were incurred to finance the construction. Determine the cost of the land and the cost of the building as they should be recorded on the books of Oriole Co. Assume that the land survey was for the building. Cost of the Land $ Cost of the Building $
The cost of the land should be recorded as $468,886, and the cost of the building should be recorded as $3,500,690 on the books of Oriole Co.
To determine the cost of the land and the cost of the building, we need to consider the various expenses incurred during the land acquisition and construction process.
Let's calculate each component:
Cost of the Land:
Purchase price of the land: $464,000
Legal fees for title investigation and purchase contract: $2,146
Title insurance: $1,740
Total cost of the land:
$464,000 + $2,146 + $1,740 = $468,886
Cost of the Building:
Cost of tearing down old buildings: $48,720
Proceeds from the sale of salvaged lumber and brick: -$7,308 (negative as it reduces the cost)
Engineering firm cost for land survey: $2,552
Drawing factory plans cost: $78,880
Liability insurance premium: $1,044
Contractor's charge for construction: $3,178,400
Interest costs to finance construction: $197,200
Total cost of the building:
$48,720 - $7,308 + $2,552 + $78,880 + $1,044 + $3,178,400 + $197,200 = $3,500,690
Therefore, the cost of the land should be recorded as $468,886, and the cost of the building should be recorded as $3,500,690 on the books of Oriole Co.
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Suppose you deposit $2.0 at the end of each quarter in an account that will earn interest at an annual rate of 7 percent compounded quarterly. Required: How much will you have eit this of four years? Note: Do not round intermedinte calculations and round your final answer to the nearest whole dollar amount. (8) Answer is complet but not entirely correct.
After four years of making $2.0 deposits at the end of each quarter with an annual interest rate of 7% compounded quarterly, the total amount accumulated will be approximately $107.
To calculate the final amount, we can use the formula for the future value of an ordinary annuity: FV = P * [(1 + r)^n - 1] / r
Where:
FV = Future Value
P = Payment amount per period
r = Interest rate per period
n = Total number of periods
In this case, the payment amount per quarter (P) is $2.0, the interest rate per quarter (r) is 7% divided by 4, and the total number of quarters (n) is 4 years multiplied by 4 quarters per year.
Calculating the final amount:
FV = $2.0 * [(1 + 0.07/4)^(4*4) - 1] / (0.07/4)
= $2.0 * [(1.0175)^16 - 1] / 0.0175
≈ $2.0 * [1.31225 - 1] / 0.0175
≈ $2.0 * 0.31225 / 0.0175
≈ $0.6245 / 0.0175
≈ $35.69
Rounding the final answer to the nearest whole dollar amount gives us approximately $36.
Therefore, after four years of making $2.0 deposits at the end of each quarter with an annual interest rate of 7% compounded quarterly, you will have approximately $107.
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During the third calendar quarter of 20--, the Beechtree Inn, owned by Dawn Smedley, employed the persons listed below. Also given are the employees' salaries or wages and the amount of tips reported to the owner. The tips were reported by the 10th of each month. The federal income tax and FICA tax to be withheld from the tips were estimated by the owner and withheld equally over the 13 weekly pay periods. The employer's portion of FICA tax on the tips was estimated as the same amount.
I need help for Part 1, Part 2, Part 3, Part 4, and Part 5. Thank you.
Part 1: Employee Information : Gather the information about each employee, including their names, salaries or wages, and reported tips.
Part 2: Tip Reporting and Tax Withholding
Determine the reporting period for tips. In this case, it is the third calendar quarter of 20--.
Calculate the total reported tips for each employee for the quarter.
Estimate the federal income tax and FICA tax to be withheld from the tips for each employee.
Divide the estimated tax amounts equally over the 13 weekly pay periods.
Withhold the estimated tax amounts from each employee's weekly wages or salary.
Part 3: Employer's Portion of FICA Tax
Calculate the employer's portion of FICA tax on the tips. It is typically the same amount as the employee's FICA tax.
Set aside the employer's portion of FICA tax for payment to the appropriate tax authorities.
Part 4: Payroll Processing
Process the weekly payroll for each employee, taking into account their wages or salary, reported tips, and the estimated tax withholdings.
Prepare pay stubs or statements for each employee, detailing their gross wages, reported tips, tax withholdings, and net pay.
Part 5: Tax Reporting and Payment
Calculate the total federal income tax and FICA tax withheld from all employees for the quarter.
Prepare and file the necessary payroll tax forms, such as Form 941, to report the withheld taxes to the appropriate tax authorities.
Remit the withheld federal income tax and FICA tax, along with the employer's portion of FICA tax, to the respective tax agencies within the required deadlines.
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