If the value for ΔS is postive, and the value for ΔH is negative, thr reaction will be
Group of answer choices

A. spontaneous at high temperatures.

B. spontaneous at all temperatures.

C. spontaneous at low temperatures.

D. Δnot spontaneous at all temperatures.

Hydrochloric Acid would best be described as an Arrhenius and BrØnsted-Lowrey acid.

Hydrochloric Acid HCl(g) is the proton donor and therefore a Brønsted-Lowry acid.

According to Arrhenius theory, hydrochloric acid is an acid which gives hydrogen ions in water but according to Bronsted-Lowry theory, hydrochloric acid is an acid because it donates a proton to the water molecule.

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) cannot be classified as a Lewis acid since it cannot accept an electron pair.

Thus, hydrochloric Acid would best be described as an Arrhenius and BrØnsted-Lowrey acid.

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The equilibrium constant for this reaction at 350°C is determined as 5.85.

concentration of bromine, C(Br) = 0.6 mol/1 = 0.6

concentration of iodine, C(I) = 1.6 mol/1 = 1.6

An ICE table is a tabular system of keeping track of changing concentrations in an equilibrium reaction.

ICE is an abbreviation that stands for initial, change, equilibrium.

Create ICE table for the reactants and products formed;

      Br2(g)   +     I2(g)    ↔     2IBr(g)

I     0.6              1.6                 0

C    -1.19            -1.19               1.19

E    0.6 - 1.19      1.6  - 1.19       1.19

E = -0.59           0.41                1.19

The equilibrium constant is calculated as follows;

KC = [IBr]²/[Br][I]

KC = (1.19²) / (0.59 x 0.41)

KC = 5.85

Thus, the equilibrium constant for this reaction at 350°C is determined as 5.85.

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Answer:

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If the bond energy between atoms is very high the the bond between the atoms is strong.

Chemical bonds are formed wen two atoms are combined together. The chemical bonds are responsible for holding the atoms together. These chemical bonds could be ionic or covalent in nature. Coordinate bonds have hybrid behavior between ionic and covalent bond types.

We know that the bond energy refers to the energy that must be supplied in order to break the bonds. A high bond energy implies that it takes a whole lot of energy to break the bond. If it takes a lot of energy to break the bond, then the bond must be a strong bond which holds the two atoms together in the compound. Hence, if the bond energy between atoms is very high the the bond between the atoms is strong.

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To being my discussion, I claim that a new atomic model should always build on an old one with the following reasons of mine. That is option B.

An atomic model is a model that describes how the interior of an atom looks like. This first atomic model was developed by William Thomson.

To start my discussion, I claim that a new atomic model should always build on an old one with the following reasons of mine:

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Answer:

1.25 M

Explanation:

In this case, the solute is C₆H₁₂O₆ and the solvent is H₂O.To find the molarity, you need to (1) convert the mass C₆H₁₂O₆ to moles (via molar mass), then (2) convert grams H₂O to liters H₂O, and then (3) calculate the molarity.

(Step 1)

Molar Mass (C₆H₁₂O₆): 6(12.011 g/mol) + 12(1.008 g/mol) + 6(15.998 g/mol)

Molar Mass (C₆H₁₂O₆): 180.15 g/mol

18.0 g C₆H₁₂O₆           1 mole
------------------------  x  -----------------  =  0.0999 moles C₆H₁₂O₆
                                   180.15 g

(Step 2)

1,000 grams = 1 L

80.0 g H₂O                1 L
--------------------  x  -------------------  =  0.0800 L H₂O
                                 1,000 g

(Step 3)

Molarity = moles solute / volume solvent (L)

Molarity = 0.0999 moles / 0.0800 L

Molarity = 1.25 M

Answer:

9.10% dextrose

Explanation:

To find the mass percent, you need to use the following equation:

                               mass (g) of solute
Mass Percent  =  ---------------------------------  x  100%
                              mass (g) of solution

You can plug the given values into the equation and solve to find the mass percent of dextrose. But first, you need to calculate the mass of the solution.

Mass (solute): 25.0 g

Mass (solution): 250.0 g + 25.0 g = 275 g

                                25.0 grams
Mass Percent  =  ------------------------  x  100%
                                 275 grams

Mass Percent  =  0.0909 x 100%

Mass Percent  =  9.10%

A solution of dextrose contains 25.0 g solute in 250.0 g water. 9.10% is the percentage by mass of dextrose in this solution.

A component's concentration in a combination or compound can be expressed as a mass percent, also known as a weight percent. It shows how much of the total mass of the solution or mixture is made up of the solute's (component's) mass. In chemistry, mass percent is frequently employed and stated as a percentage.

Mass Percent  =     mass (g) of solute/       mass (g) of solution x  100%

Mass (solute): 25.0 g

Mass (solution): 250.0 g + 25.0 g = 275 g

Mass Percent  =25.0 grams /    275 grams x  100%

Mass Percent  =  0.0909 x 100%

Mass Percent  =  9.10%

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Answer:

Explanation:

Discussion

When Pressure increases  equilibrium shifts to the side with the smallest number of moles. But which side is that?

N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g)

The left side has 1 mol of nitrogen (N2) and 3 moles of Hydrogen = 4 mols

on the left side.

The right side has 2 mols of NH3 = 2 mols on the right.

Conclusion: You tell the number of mols by the Balance numbers to the left of each chemical in an equation.

Since the left side N2 + 3H2 = 4 mols, the equilibrium does NOT shift left.

2NH3 is only two mols.

The equilibrium shifts Right

Answer

D

22.37 g of chromium(II) nitrate, must be dissolved to prepare 500. mL of a 0.188 M aqueous solution of the salt.

According to the definition, the molar concentration of a substance in a solution is the ratio of the number of the moles to the volume of the solution:

c=n/V.

The number of the moles is related to the mass with the molar mass:

n=m/M;

m=n·M.

Thus, given the volume of the solution of chromium(II) nitrate, its concentration and molar mass is 238.011 g/mol we can calculate the mass of chromium(II) nitrate needed for the preparation :

∴   Cr(NO₃)₃ = cVM

                 = 0.188 M × 0.5 L × 238.011 g/mol

                 = 22.37 g

Therefore, 22.37 g of chromium(II) nitrate, must be dissolved to prepare 500. mL of a 0.188 M aqueous solution of the salt.

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Answer:

15 is not a correct scientific measurement.

Explanation:

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The mass percentage of vitamin C is 68.3%and the mass percentage of sucralose is 31.7%.

Osmotic pressure (π) = iCRT

Where,

Π= Osmotic pressure = 3.06 atm

I = Van't hoff factor = 1(molecular solution)

C = concentration (in mol/L)

R = gas constant = 0.082 Latm/Kmol

T = temperature = 293K

C can also be written as

Number of moles/ Volume = n/V

Given, volume = 46.1 mL

It can be written as

Π= nRT/V

n= πV/RT

n = 3.06× 0.0461/(0.082×293)

n = 0.0058moles

Mass of vitamin C = a

Mass of sucralose = b

Mass of given sample = 1.239g

Hence,

a + b = 1.239

b = 1.239-a

Molar mass of vitamin C = 176g/mol

Molar mass of sucralose = 398g/mol

Total number of moles = number of moles of vitamin C + number of moles of sucralose

0.0058= a/176 + (1.239-a) /398

0.0058× 176× 398 = 398a + (1.239-a) 176

406.27 = 398a + 218.064 -176a

188.206 = 222a

a = 0.847g

And b = 0.392g

Mass percent of vitamin C = (0.847/1.239) × 100

= 68.3%

Mass percent of sucralose = 100- 78.5

= 31.7%

Thus, we find that the mass percentage of vitamin C is 68.3 %and the mass percentage of sucralose is 31.7%.

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Vinegar pH 3.2: Weak acid

Battery acid pH 0.5: Strong acid

Shampoo pH 7.0: Neutral

Ammonia pH 11.1 Strong base

Answer:

See below

Explanation:

From the graph: initial temp = -10 ° C

    melting occurs at 0 ° C   (constant temp process)

     at '2'   the ice is melting.....going from a solid to a liquid at a constant temperature  

The first step in clearing a clogged ballpoint pen is to exert additional pressure when scrawling and drawing vertical lines on paper. If this approach doesn't work, dip the pen's tiny tip in rubbing alcohol. [Only the tidbit] Any dried-up or hardened ink on the tip will dissolve with this.

Answer:

0.15 M KCl

Explanation:

(Step 1)

Convert the original volume from mL to L. Calculate the moles of the original solution.

75.0 mL / 1,000 = 0.0750 L

Molarity = moles / volume (L)

0.200 M = moles / 0.0750 L

0.0150 = moles

(Step 2)

Convert the final volume from mL to L. Calculate the final molarity.

100. mL / 1,000 = 0.100 L

Molarity = moles / volume (L)

Molarity = 0.0150 moles / 0.100 L

Molarity = 0.15 M

[tex] \quad \quad\quad\huge \tt{ANSWER}[/tex]

Hydrocarbons are organic compounds which made up of only carbon and hydrogen.

[tex] \pink{ \star}[/tex]Carbon - ( C )

[tex] \pink{ \star}[/tex]Hydrogen - ( H )

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

[tex] \red{✿}[/tex] Type of Hydrocarbon :

[tex] \purple{\mathfrak{llXecretll}}[/tex]

The answer is calcium.

Calcium has the largest atomic radius.

The generic reaction a + b = c, represents a synthesis or combination reaction, which is a kind of chemical reaction.

A synthesis, or combination reaction, is a kind of reaction in which two substances combine to form a bigger molecule.

The generic reaction is:

a + b = c

Some common synthesis reactions are:

Fe + S = FeS

O₂ + 2 SO₂ = 2 SO₃

CaO + CO₂ = CaCO₃

In all the examples above, we can verify that the substances (elements or compounds) combine with each other to form another substance (product).

The generic reaction a + b = c, represents a synthesis or combination reaction, which is a kind of chemical reaction.

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Answer:

a) 1

Explanation:

Unfortunately, we are not given the limiting reagent. The limiting reagent is the reactant which is completely used up first. We can identify it by converting both reactants into the product. The reactant which produces the smallest amount of product is the limiting reagent.

You can convert the moles of CO₂/H₂ to moles CH₃OH using the mole-to-mole ratio. This ratio is made up the balanced equation coefficients of the relevant substances.

1 CO₂ + 3 H₂ -----> 1 CH₃OH + H₂O

2 moles CO₂           1 moles CH₃OH
---------------------  x  ----------------------------  =  2 moles CH₃OH
                                    1 mole CO₂

3 moles H₂           1 moles CH₃OH
-------------------  x  ---------------------------  =  1 mole CH₃OH
                                  3 moles H₂

Because H₂ produces the smallest amount of CH₃OH, it is the limiting reagent. This means that all the H₂ is used up before CO₂ runs out. Therefore, the actual amount of CH₃OH produced is 1 mole.

When 2 mol of carbon dioxide and 3 mol of hydrogen, then one mole of methanol will be produced. Therefore, option (a) is correct.

A limiting reagent is a substance or reactant that is completely consumed in the completion of a chemical reaction and is also known as limiting reactant.

When reactants are not present in stoichiometric quantities, the limiting reactant decides the maximum amount of product that can be formed in a chemical reaction from the reactants.

Given the balanced chemical equation of formation of methanol:

CO₂ + 3 H₂  →  CH₃OH  +  H₂O

From the above reaction, we can say that 1 mole of carbon dioxide reacts with three moles of hydrogen gas to form one mole of methanol.

Then, 2mol of carbon dioxide will react with 6 moles of hydrogen gas.

But we have only 3 mol of hydrogen gas therefore, hydrogen gas acts as a limiting reagent that will be consumed first.

Therefore, three moles of hydrogen gas will produce one mole of methanol maximum.

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The value 6.0 x 10^3- 2.3 × 10^3 in scientific notation is 3.7 × 10^3.

Scientific notation is a way to write very large or very small numbers so that they are easier to read and work with.

You express a number as the product of a number greater than or equal to 1 but less than 10 and an integral power of 10 .

There are two reasons to use scientific notation.

Given,

= 6.0 x 10^3- 2.3 × 10^3

= (6.0 - 2.3) × 10^3

= 3.7 × 10^3

Thus, we find that the value 6.0 x 10^3- 2.3 × 10^3 in scientific notation is 3.7 × 10^3.

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Answer:

C.) [tex]K_a = \frac{[H^+][H_2PO_4^-]}{[H_3PO_4]}[/tex]

Explanation:

The general structure for a Ka expression is:

[tex]K_a = \frac{[H^+][A^-]}{[HA]}[/tex]

In this expression,

-----> Ka = equilibrium constant

-----> [A⁻] = base

-----> [HA] = acid

The products are in the numerator and the reactants are in the denominator. In this case, H₃PO₄ serves as an acid and H₂PO₄⁻ serves as a base.

As such, the equilibrium expression is:

[tex]K_a = \frac{[H^+][H_2PO_4^-]}{[H_3PO_4]}[/tex]

According to chemical equilibrium, the Ka for the given chemical equation is Ka=[H⁺][H₂PO₄⁻]/[H₃PO₄].

Chemical equilibrium is defined as the condition which arises during the course of a reversible chemical reaction with no net change in amount of reactants and products.A reversible chemical reaction is the one wherein the products as soon as they are formed react together to produce back the reactants.

At equilibrium, the two opposing reactions which take place take place at equal rates and there is no net change in amount of the substances which are involved in the chemical reaction.At equilibrium, the reaction is considered to be complete . Conditions which are required for equilibrium are given by quantitative formulation.

Factors which affect chemical equilibrium are change in concentration , change in pressure and temperature and presence of catalyst.

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Excess water and impurities. Option A.

In the actual sense of it, no chemical reaction can give over a 100% yield. The upper limit cannot be breached. Thus, if more than a 100% yield is obtained, there is a problem somewhere.

One of the problems could be that the product is not sufficiently dried. In other words, excess water has contributed to the yield of the reaction.

The second likely problem could be that at some points during the reaction, impurities have been introduced. The weight of the impurities will add to the actual yield and give a bogus over a 100% yield.

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a) physical property

b) chemical change

c) chemical change

d) chemical property

e) physical change

f) physical property

g) physical change

h) physical change

a) Ethanol has a density of 0.697 g/mL shows physical property, b) The solution turns blue upon mixing water and food coloring shows chemical change, c) Wood burns in an oven shows chemical change, d) Methyl alcohol is highly flammable shows chemical property, e) Ice melts in a beaker shows physical change, f) Methyl ethanoate smells like apples shows physical property, g) A car crashes into a wall shows physical change and h) Sugar dissolves in water shows physical change.

A physical change is a transition that modifies a substance's physical characteristics without changing its chemical makeup or identity. The substance's molecules don't change during a physical change; only their arrangement or state does. On the other hand, a chemical change entails the creation of new compounds with chemical properties that differ from the original ones. A entirely new substance is produced as a result of a chemical reaction in which the links between atoms or molecules are broken and new bonds are established.

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Answer:

17.3 g Cr

Explanation:

To find the mass of chromium, you need to (1) convert moles Si to moles Cr (using the mole-to-mole ratio from equation coefficients) and then (2) convert moles Cr to grams Cr (using the atomic mass). It is important to arrange the conversions in a way that allows for the cancellation of units. The final answer should have 3 sig figs to match the sig figs of the given value (0.250).

3 Si + 2 Cr₂O₃ ---> 4 Cr + 3 SiO₂
^                              ^

Atomic Mass (Cr): 51.996 g/mol

0.250 moles Si           4 moles Cr            51.996 g
-------------------------  x  --------------------  x  -------------------  =  17.3 g Cr
                                     3 moles Si              1 mole

the correct IUPAC name of the compound is 1-Butanal.

It is a system of naming organic compounds based on the longest carbon-to-carbon single bonds. It does not matter whether these longest chains are continuous or in a ring.

Thus, when the compound with the chemical formula, CH3-CH2-CH2CHO is considered. The longest carbon-to-carbon chain is 4. The 1st carbon carries a functional group known as an aldehyde.

Aldehydes are equipped with the carbonyl group and have the general formula R−CH=O. They are also sometimes referred to as formyl.

Aldehydes are named after their parent alkane chains with a slight modification. The 'e' is replaced with 'al'

The aldehyde in this case has four carbons. This means that the parent alkane is Butane. Therefore, the name of the compound will be 1-Butanal.

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Answer:

C. zero 0

Explanation:

single elements will always possess an oxication number of zero

Answer:

140. J/g*K

Explanation:

To find the specific heat capacity, you need to use the following equation:

Q = mcΔT

In this equation,

-----> Q = energy/heat (J)

-----> m = mass (g)

-----> c = specific heat (J/mole*K)

-----> ΔT = change in temperature (K)

Before you can use the equation above, you need to (1) convert kg to grams, then (2) convert grams to moles (via molar mass), and then (3) convert Celsius to Kelvin. The final answer should have 3 significant figures.

1.11 kg C₄H₈O₂ x 1,000 = 1110 g

Molar Mass (C₄H₈O₂): 4(12.01 g/mol) + 8(1.008 g/mol) + 2(16.00 g/mol)

Molar Mass (C₄H₈O₂): 88.104 g/mol

1110 grams C₄H₈O₂                1 mole
------------------------------  x  -------------------------  =  12.6 moles C₄H₈O₂
                                           88.104 grams

34.5 °C + 273 = 307.5 K

52.3 °C + 273 = 325.3 K

Q = mcΔT                                                                   <----- Equation

3.14 x 10⁴ J = (12.6 moles)c(325.3 K - 307.5 K)         <----- Insert values

3.14 x 10⁴ J = (12.6 moles)c(17.8)                                <----- Subtract

3.14 x 10⁴ J = (224.28)c                                 <----- Multiply 12.6 and 17.8

140. = c                                                         <----- Divide both sides by 224.28

**this answer may be slightly off due to using different molar masses/Kelvin conversions**

The following aqueous solutions represents good buffer systems:

A buffer is a solution used to stabilize the pH (acidity) of a liquid.

A good buffer system is generally known to contain close or equal concentrations of a weak acid and its conjugate base.

Based on the above explanation, the following represents a good buffer system as they are between their weak acid and conjugate base:

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