Answer:
At the conclusion of meiosis, there are four haploid daughter cells that go on to develop into either sperm or egg cells.
By 1500 b.c.e., which group in middle america (mesoamerica) began developing large cities, which including massive pyramidal structures?
Mayas began developing large cities, which including massive pyramidal structures.
Who were Mayas?The Maya civilisation was a Mesoamerican civilization founded by the Maya peoples that was notable for its logosyllabic script—the most sophisticated and highly developed writing system in pre-Columbian Americas—as well as its art, architecture, mathematics, calendar, and astronomical system. The Maya are an indigenous people of Mexico and Central America who have lived continuously throughout modern-day Yucatan, Quintana Roo, Campeche, Tabasco, and Chiapas in Mexico, as well as Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, and Hondur.The Ancient Mayans developed the science of astronomy, calendar systems, and hieroglyphic writing. They were also known for creating elaborate ceremonial architecture, such as pyramids, temples, palaces, and observatories.To learn more about mayas from the given link
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Why was the original ""one gene–one enzyme"" hypothesis modified to ""one gene–one polypeptide""?
The original "one gene–one enzyme" hypothesis was modified to " one gene–one polypeptide" because not all proteins are enzymes, and many proteins are built from two or more distinct polypeptide chains.
According to the one gene, one enzyme hypothesis, which was put forth by George Wells Beadle in the US in 1941, each gene directly generates a single enzyme, which then influences a particular stage in a metabolic pathway. Since one gene can produce several proteins and not all proteins are enzymes, the one gene, one enzyme hypothesis of Beadle and Tatum has been amended. We also know that enzymes are made up of many polypeptides. Therefore, "one gene-one polypeptide" has been changed to make the hypothesis more precise.
In contrast to the one gene-one polypeptide hypothesis, which claims that one gene regulates the creation of just one polypeptide chain of an enzyme molecule, the one gene-one enzyme hypothesis states that one gene controls the production of one enzyme.
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Why do normal fluctuations in blood oxygen levels have little influence on respiratory control?
fluctuations in blood oxygen levels have little influence on the respiratory control center
Only 33% of the participants had increased RR when their oxygen saturation was under 90%. Conclusions: Respiratory control measurements do not consistently detect desaturation and have a poor correlation with oxygen saturation measurements. Patients with low SaO2 don't typically have higher RR.
The medulla oblongata contains the respiratory control center, which regulates breathing on a minute-by-minute basis. Respiratory rhythm is not produced by a homogeneous population of pacemaker cells, unlike the cardiac system.
The dorsal respiratory group is located in the nucleus tractus solitarius, the ventral respiratory group is located in the medulla, and the pontine respiratory group is located in the pons. These three separate neuronal groups make up the respiratory control center.
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After darwin completed his voyage on the hms beagle, what did he do before publishing his origin of species? a. nothing, he published it right away. b. he studied at cambridge university. c. he published a different book on the evolution of man. d. he collected evidence for his theory for 8 years.
He collected evidence for his theory for 8 years.
What theory did Darwin put forward after his voyage in HMS beagle?From 1831 to 1836, Charles Darwin traveled the world in the HMS Beagle as a naturalist. His findings and experiences aided him in formulating the theory of evolution by natural selection.
Darwin was fortunate to travel to the Galapagos Islands on the Beagle, where he saw a variety of creatures and birds that had developed in a solitary setting. His discoveries inspired him to develop his well-known natural selection theory. Darwin's hypothesis states that differences within species happen at random and that an organism's capacity to adapt to its environment determines whether it will survive or become extinct.
Important observations regarding the geology of the islands and coasts that Darwin visited are also noteworthy. He put forth a notion regarding how atolls are formed. Small islands made of coral reefs called atolls surround lagoons. Most of them may be found in the Pacific. Bikini Atoll, which is northwest of Hawaii, is one example.
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The __________ gland is the gland that triggers other glands to release hormones.
The pituitary gland is the gland that triggers other glands to release hormones. It is a pea sized gland attached to the base of the brain. It is important in controlling growth and development and the functioning of the other endocrine glands. Without the pituitary gland, the body wouldn't reproduce, wouldn't grow properly and wouldn't function.
Among the tasks in coping with life-threatening illness described by kenneth doka, which phase is characterized by "living with the disease"?
Among the tasks in coping with life-threatening illness described by Kenneth Doka, the chronic phase is characterized by "living with the disease".
Kenneth Doka (1995–96) divides the process of dying into three phases, namely the acute, the chronic, and the terminal phases of dying, during which the individual initially is given the diagnosis, then lives with the disease and ultimately surrenders to death.
This phase can be quite long and the supporters may become comfortable in their caregiving role and adjust to the notion of death. This is an important adaptation since a great deal of the care for the terminally ill is given by the family members.
Doka (1998) notes that this phase "is often a period of continued stress, punctuated by points of crisis".
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Every time the instructor says, "to summarize today’s lesson…" her students start packing up their notebooks. the students have learned this phrase as a ______stimulus.
Every time the instructor says, "to summarize today’s lesson…" her students start packing up their notebooks. the students have learned this phrase as a discriminating stimulus.
A discriminative stimulus is the antecedent stimulus that has stimulus control over behavior because the behavior was reliably reinforced in the presence of that stimulus in the past. Stimuli and comeback are Rational by different terminology. The three stages of classical conditioning are before acquisition, acquisition, and after acquisition. Classical conditioning involves associating an involuntary response and a stimulus, while operant conditioning is about associating a voluntary behavior and a consequence.
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A writer’s choice of words, or diction, mostly affects an essay’s __________. a. organization b. style c. transitions d. length
PLEASE HELP!!!
Read the scenario.
An ecologist is studying the ecosystems on a mountain slope
following a volcanic eruption. In the first year, the ecologist
observes that most of the slope is covered in ash and debris
and very few trees and shrubs survived. The ecologist also
observes no wildlife in the area. The ecologist wonders if the
ecosystem can recover.
The ecologist reads records of primary succession following
other volcanic eruptions and learns that certain organisms tend
to colonize the land first. In the following years, the ecologist
observes a few lichens growing on bare rocks and then a few
hardy grasses. Ten years after the eruption, the ecologist
surveys the landscape and finds small wildflowers, grasses, and
insects.
Which question most closely relates to the ecologist's
observations and collected data?
A. How many years will it take for the mountainside
ecosystem to return to its original state?
B. What reproductive strategies do plants use to grow
following a volcanic eruption?
C. Do the plants on the mountainside have a disease?
D. Where did all of the mammals go?
Answer:
probably A.
Explanation:
if I face the question A. I would answer more ten years so I think A. can fit.
B. can not be true because the most related answer would be about some organisms not plants so A. is the best choice.
If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum will become a corpus ________ and eventually disappear
If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum will become a corpus albicans and eventually disappear
How the corpus luteum changes if fertilization does not occur?Around 10 days after the egg leaves the dominant follicle, corpus luteum will begin to degrade if the egg is not fertilized. Uterus lining won't undergo the modifications necessary to promote pregnancy without progesterone. Instead, the lining will be lost when you get your period.
The corpus albicans is the regressed version of the corpus luteum, which is referred to as the atretic corpus luteum, corpus candicans, or simply as albicans (Latin for "whitening body"). Fibroblasts deposit type I collagen to create the corpus albicans as macrophages degrade the corpus luteum.
The hormone progesterone, which is produced by the corpus luteum, makes the uterus a healthy environment for a growing fetus. Each time you ovulate, a new corpus luteum develops, and it disintegrates once you no longer require it for progesterone synthesis. The uterus could not transform an egg that has been fertilized into a fetus without the corpus luteum.
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Which two hormones influence the endometrium to thicken and prepare for implantation?.
----- cells do not directly take part in sexual reproduction, while ---- cells do.
Answer:
Somatic; germ
A fossil is found to have a 14c14c level of 73. 73. 0 ompared to living organisms. how old is the fossil?
If the 14C level of fossils is 73% compared to living organisms. It will be 2602 years.
What is radiocarbon dating?This method is used to estimate the relative age of carbon-based materials. This is done usually for fossils which originate from living organisms.
This age is estimated by estimating the percentage of carbon-14 isotopes in the fossil. This is done by comparing this percentage to a reference standard used internationally. This method is of tremendous use in palaeontology. It has also found its use in hydrology, oceanography, geology etc.
Fossil age is determined by
At = (Ao) x (1 - 0.5)^(t/h)
Here, At/Ao = 0.73
So, 0.73 = 0.5^(t/5730)
Therefore, t = 2602 years
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Though narcotics can effectively manage pain or reduce anxiety, they...
A. can cause drowsiness and are highly addictive.
B. only work short-term.
C. are only attainable illegally.
Sound is produced as air is forced through the ______, causing vibration of the ______ vocal cords.
Sound is produced as air is forced through the glottis, causing vibration of the true vocal cords.
A valve that regulates airflow into and out of the respiratory tubes is called the glottis, which is a slit-like aperture on the floor of the throat. A box-shaped larynx is directly accessible from the glottis.Swallowing, breathing, and voice production all include the larynx.When air flows through the vocal cords, it causes them to vibrate, which in turn generates sound waves in the pharynx, nose, and mouth. The degree of stress on the vocal folds affects the pitch of the sound.When air flows through the vocal cords, it causes them to vibrate, which in turn generates sound waves in the pharynx, nose, and mouth. The degree of stress on the vocal folds affects the pitch of the sound.learn more about sound here: https://brainly.com/question/4351510
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Each red blood cell is shaped as a biconcave disk. This allows it to?
Red blood cell is shaped as a biconcave discs, this shape allows them to squeeze through small capillaries.
The biconcave shape of the cell allows oxygen exchange at a constant rate over the largest possible area. The biconcave shape increases the cell's surface area compared to a flat disk of the same size. The greater surface area makes it easier for gases to move into and out of the red blood cell.
The biconcave shape provides a large surface area compared to the volume of the red blood cell, allowing diffusion to happen efficiently. This shape optimizes the ratio of surface area to volume, facilitating gas exchange. It also enables them to fold up as they move through narrow blood vessels.
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Homology is the existence of ______________ancestry between a pair of structures, or genes, in different species.
Homology represents the existence of shared ancestry between a pair of structures or genes in different species.
Homology basically shows the similarity which can exist between two different species. The structures which come from a common ancestor but serve completely different functions in different species are known as the homologous structures.
A very common example of homologous structure is arms of primates, the forelimbs of the vertebrates, wings or birds, flippers of whale and the forelegs of dogs. These modifications in these structures is due to adaptations for different purposes. Homologous genes are the ones which have been inherited by two different species but from a common ancestor.
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From deep (innermost) to superficial (outermost), the layers of the organs of the alimentary canal are? 1) mucosa; 2) muscularis externa; 3) serosa (adventitia); 4) submucosa?
The correct order of the layers of the organs of the alimentary canal is mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa. The correct option is B.
What is alimentary canal?The alimentary canal is a long tube of organs that allows food to pass through the body.
It encompasses the esophagus, stomach, and intestines and runs from the mouth to the rectum. The digestive tract of an adult is approximately 30 feet long.
Smooth muscle fibers or cells are long and spindly in shape. Peristalsis is the prime objective of these muscle fibers.
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa are the correct layers of the alimentary canal organs.
Thus, the correct option is B.
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Your question seems incomplete, the probable options are:
A) 3, 2, 4, 1B) 1, 4, 2, 3C) 1, 4, 3, 2D) 1, 2, 4, 3Which of the four postulates of darwin's theory of evolution was not well established when on the origin of species was first published but is overwhelmingly supported today?
Some differences among individuals in a population are due to genetics and are heritable.
Despite without being aware of the existence of genes, Darwin could see that many characteristics are heritable—passed from parents to children. Mutations are structural alterations to the DNA molecules that make up genes. A significant source of genetic variation within a population is gene mutation.Variants that are inherited (or hereditary) are present in almost all of a person's cells throughout their lifetime and are passed from parent to kid. Due to their presence in the parent's egg or sperm cells, which are also known as germ cells, these variations are also known as germline variants.learn more about genetics here: https://brainly.com/question/25703686
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Question 3 of 20 how did the independence movements of vietnam and algeria compare after the end of world war il? o a. both movements failed to end colonialism, but produced important democratic reforms: o b. both movements launched nationalist wars that extended over several years. o c. both movements began with the assassination of a high-profile leader. o d. both movements were supported by french leaders hoping to slow the spread of communism.
The answer to the question how did the independence movements of Vietnam and Algeria compared after the end of world war II is that both movements launched nationalist wars that extended over several years.
What was the reason of the II world war?The Second Italo-Ethiopian War, the Spanish Civil War, the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Soviet-Japanese border conflicts, the emergence of fascism in Europe, and rising European tensions since World War I were all major elements that contributed to the outbreak of World War II, the exact cause yet being unclear to all.
When did world war II begin?The prevailing consensus is that World War II started on September 1, 1939.
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suggest a stimulus to the hand that could start a reflex response
Answer: The nerve pathway followed by a reflex action is called a reflex arc
Explanation: For example, a simple reflex arc happens if we accidentally touch something hot. Receptor in the skin detects a stimulus (the change in temperature).
Nfants crave touch and have inborn behaviors that encourage others to come close to and hold them. these features of early infant–caregiver interactions categorize humans as a ____________ species.
Infants crave touch and have inborn behaviors that encourage others to come close to and hold them. these features of early infant–caregiver interactions categorize humans as a carrying species.
What about infant caregiver?Duties as an infant caretaker include making sure the child in your care is safe and healthy. Feeding, changing diapers, and tending to the infant's needs are among your responsibilities. One baby or many kids at once, depending on where work.In order to encourage attuned caring, where the caregiver is aware of and attentive to the kid, key teaching, also known as primary caregiving, where a teacher assumes primary responsibility for a child's care, is crucial. This aids in the development of security and attachment in babies and toddlers.Assisting a loved one with clothing, using the restroom, and home activities like grocery shopping. Ensuring that your loved one exercises, eats healthy foods, and takes their medications on time. Giving your loved one a listening ear while also demonstrating caring and support.Learn more about infant caregiver here:
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If a woman is a carrier for the color-blind recessive allele and her husband has normal vision. What are their chances that a son will be color-blind?
If a woman is a carrier for the color-blind recessive allele and her husband has normal vision then there will be 50% chance that a son will be color-blind
If you're color blind, you see colors differently from the majority of people. Color blindness frequently makes it challenging to distinguish between particular hues. Color blindness typically runs in families. Although there is no cure, specific eyewear such as contact lenses can help.
The only form that truly embodies the phrase "color blind" is achromatopsia, sometimes known as "total color blindness." Achromatopsia is a condition in which a person can only perceive the world in shades of grey, black, and white. Red-detecting cone cells or pigments are absent in those with protanopia color blindness. They consequently don't perceive red or orange colors as well.
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How has gene duplication played a critical role in evolution? see concept 21.5 (page)
Answer:
Explanation: Without gene duplication, mutation of genes would not exist. This would prevent organisms from adapting to their environment, making survival much more difficult if not impossible.
At the end of meiosis i, there are two haploid cells, each with two sister chromatids per chromosome. True or false?.
The answer is true. There are two haploid cells with two sister chromatids per chromosome at the conclusion of meiosis I.
After meiosis I, a chromosome's two chromatids are genetically separate. After homologous chromosomes separate during meiosis I, two haploid cells are produced.
what is meiosis phases ?
DNA is copied prior to meiosis, just as it is during mitosis. Then, during meiosis, two cell divisions—meiosis I and meiosis II—take place. The DNA is divided into daughter cells during the first division, which is composed of several steps. The two alleles of each gene are divided into distinct cells in the division that immediately follows the initial division. each gene has 4 copies, each of which is present in 2 complete sets of DNA with 2 alleles in each set.
what are the Phases of Meiosis I ?
1. Prophase I
Condensed chromosomes adhere to the nuclear membrane.
A tetrad is created when synapsis takes place (when a pair of homologous chromosomes line up closely together). Four chromatids make up each tetrad. By crossing over, genetic recombination might take place. The nuclear membrane thins as the chromosomes separate from it. The nuclear envelope and nucleoli disintegrate, and the centrioles move apart similarly to mitosis. The chromosomes also start moving toward the metaphase plate.
2. Metaphase I
At the metaphase plate, tetrads align.
As you can see, homologous chromosome centromeres are oriented toward the opposing cell poles.
3. Anaphase I
The movement of chromosomes to opposing cell poles. Similar to mitosis, the chromosomes are drawn to the cell poles by the interaction of microtubules like the kinetochore fibers.
Unlike mitosis, sister chromatids do not split once homologous chromosomes move to opposing poles.
4. Telophase I
The homologous chromosomes are still being moved to the poles by the spindle fibers.
Once movement is complete, each pole contains a haploid number of chromosomes.
Most of the time, cytokinesis—the division of the cytoplasm—occurs concurrently with telophase I.
At the end of telophase I and cytokinesis, two daughter cells are produced, each of which has half as many chromosomes as the original parent cell.
Different activities take place in anticipation of meiosis II depending on the kind of cell. There is one thing that never changes, though: the genetic material never reproduces.
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True
At the end of meiosis i, there are two haploid cells, each with two sister chromatids per chromosome.
What are happens in meiosis i?When gametes are created, the first nuclear division, known as meiosis I, occurs. It is also known as the reduction division because the resultant cells have half as many chromosomes as the parent cell. The four phases of Meiosis I are Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, and Telophase I.Prophase 1:During prophase I, the chromosomes condense and become visible inside the nucleus. Each chromosome pair's members fit next to one another after this chromosomal condensation, and because of their similar size and gene content, they are known as homologous chromosomes.At this stage, a process known as synaptic attachment takes place between each pair of chromosomes along its length. The people within each pair then cross across, commonly known as recombination, to swap nearby fragments of DNA while the homologous chromosomes are firmly connected. After prophase I, the nuclear membrane gradually begins to degrade.Metaphase 1At the start of metaphase I, microtubules depart from the spindle and join the kinetochore near each chromosome's centromere. More specifically, in each homologous pair, microtubules from one spindle side bind to one chromosome while those from the other spindle side do the same for the other chromosome. These microtubules then help the chromosomal pairs arrange themselves to form the metaphase plate, which is located along the equator of the cell.Anaphase 1The dissolution and contraction of the microtubules, which cause the two chromosomes in each pair to be dragged toward the opposite ends of the cell, separate the homologous chromosomes during anaphase I. Each daughter cell that emerges from meiosis I will have half as many chromosomes as the original parent cell after interphase as a result of this division. The sister chromatids of each chromosome are still linked.Telophase 1:As the new chromosomes get closer to the spindle, the cytoplasm organizes and divides into two during telophase I. The two remaining cells each contain half as many chromosomes as their progenitor cell did. The two daughter cells were not genetically similar to each other due to the recombination that occurred during prophase I.
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In the carbon cycle, carbon dioxide and water are converted to glucose and oxygen by ________
Answer:
Photosynthesis
Explanation:
Gteen plants through this process to convert Carbon dioxide in the air and water to carbohydrate (glucose) and oxygen.
The mrna sequence of a particular gene is 5′-augccuaucguaaca-3′. What is the sequence of the template dna from which this mrna was copied?
mRNA: 5′-AUGCCUAUCGUAACA-3′
DNA: 3′-TACGGATAGCATTGT-5′
In molecular biology, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) is a single-stranded molecule of RNA that corresponds to the genetic sequence of a gene, and is read by a ribosome in the process of synthesizing a protein.
mRNA is created during the process of transcription, where an enzyme (RNA polymerase) converts the gene into primary transcript mRNA (also known as pre-mRNA). This pre-mRNA usually still contains introns, regions that will not go on to code for the final amino acid sequence. These are removed in the process of RNA splicing, leaving only exons, regions that will encode the protein. This exon sequence constitutes mature mRNA. Mature mRNA is then read by the ribosome, and, utilising amino acids carried by transfer RNA (tRNA), the ribosome creates the protein. This process is known as translation. All of these processes form part of the central dogma of molecular biology, which describes the flow of genetic information in a biological system.
As in DNA, genetic information in mRNA is contained in the sequence of nucleotides, which are arranged into codons consisting of three ribonucleotides each. Each codon codes for a specific amino acid, except the stop codons, which terminate protein synthesis. The translation of codons into amino acids requires two other types of RNA: transfer RNA, which recognizes the codon and provides the corresponding amino acid, and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), the central component of the ribosome's protein-manufacturing machinery.
The concept of mRNA was developed by Sydney Brenner and Francis Crick in 1960. While performing the experimental verifications, François Jacob and Jacques Monod coined the name "messenger RNA". In 1961, mRNA was isolated and described independently by James Watson's research team and a team of Jacob, Monod and Matthew Meselson.
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Which is a function of the golgi apparatus?
a. cell respiration
b. protein modification
c. drug detoxification
d. digestion of organic matter inside the cell
Golgi apparatus also called as golgi complex or golgi body ,cell membrane bound organelle of eukaryotic cells. Its a factory in which proteins modification received from the ER.
It helps in process and lipid molecules protein destined to be extorted from the cells. Camillo golgi body appears as a dries of stacked membranes. The gogli is located right near the nucleus.
The protein modification is cellular organelle responsible for the trafficking of proteins to other organelles. Proteins translated within the rough endoplasmic reticulum are transferred to golgi. The golgi enzymes catalyze the addition or removal of sugars for cargo protein.
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If a cell has a normal osmotic pressure of 4500 mmhg and is placed into a solution with an osmotic pressure of 3500 mmhg. What will happen to the cell?
The cell will lose water and its osmotic pressure will decrease. If a cell has a normal osmotic pressure of 4500 mm Hg and is placed into a solution with an osmotic pressure of 3500 mm Hg
What is osmosis?The pressure created by a liquid or solvent diffusing through a membrane is known as osmotic pressure.
What is osmotic pressure?Osmotic pressure is the lowest amount of pressure that must be applied to a solution in order to stop solvent molecules from passing through a semipermeable membrane (osmosis). Its existence is a collaborative property that is reliant on the quantity of solute particles in the solution.
Example:You are mixing salt water into a solution. The mixture will be made up of water and salt (solute) (solvent).Effects of osmotic pressure:
The membrane separating the two solutions allows the solvent to go from the diluted to the more concentrated solution.
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________ are stem cells located between the endomysium and sarcolemma that function in the repair of damaged muscle tissue.
Myosatellites are the stem cells located between the endomysium and sarcolemma.
Following are the features of Myosatellite:
Myosatellite are small cells having very little cytoplasm. They have the potential to remain in the quiescent stage or enter the cell cycle for the proliferation when needed. In a healthy muscle tissue, these cells remain quiescent without undergoing any further division. When the muscle tissue undergoes injury, these cells become activated to enter into the cell cycle. They help to facilitate the growth and repair of the muscle tissue.Myosatellite cells form new myofibers upon proliferation and differentiation.Hence, Myosatellites are stem cells located between a layer of connective tissue surrounding the muscle called as Endomysium and the plasma membrane of the muscle called as Sarcolemma that helps in the repair of damaged muscle tissue.
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