In cladogram, the most ancient organisms, called the origin, are found at the very base of the tree diagram. The correct option is A.
What is cladogram?In cladistics, a cladogram is a diagram that is used to depict relationships between species.
However, because a cladogram does not depict the relationships between ancestors and offspring, it is not the same as an evolutionary tree.
Cladograms provide a framework for comprehending the rate of evolution of groupings of animals as well as the relationship between their evolutionary history and the planet's changing climate and geography.
The oldest living things, or origin, are located at the very bottom of the tree diagram in cladograms.
Thus, the correct option is A.
For more details regarding cladogram, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/27405768
#SPJ1
Your question seems incomplete, the missing options are:
A. the most ancient organisms, called the origin, are found at the very base of the tree diagram
B. the closer the branch point is to an organism, the more distantly related those organisms are
C. neither A nor B is true
D. both A and B are true
In the dna structure, what components of the nucleotide make up the backbone of dna?
In the DNA structure, the components of the nucleotide that make up the backbone of DNA are alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups.
А phosphаte bаckbone is the portion of the DNА double helix thаt provides structurаl support to the molecule. DNА consists of two strаnds thаt wind аround eаch other like а twisted lаdder. Eаch strаnd hаs а bаckbone mаde of аlternаting sugаr (deoxyribose) аnd phosphаte groups.
Аttаched to eаch sugаr is one of four bаses--аdenine (А), cytosine (C), guаnine (G), or thymine (T). The two strаnds аre held together by bonds between the bаses, with аdenine forming а bаse pаir with thymine, аnd cytosine forming а bаse pаir with guаnine.
For more information about the DNA structure refers to the link:
https://brainly.com/question/29634357
#SPJ4
which two phenomena can cause the rate of coalescence to slow down, causing more coalescent events near the base of the tree than expected?
The two phenomena that can cause the rate of coalescence to slow down are the positive selection and decreases population size.
The trees which are generally the copies of multiple genes are known as the coalescent trees. These trees are genealogical trees which are considered as the ancestry of multiple genes of other trees. Genetic variations are very common near the base of the tree and these variations may cause the rate of coalescent to slow down. The positive selection is a process by which new variations among the population of any species sweep the entire population of that species. Thus the whole species will be containing the new variation of the species. This causes a decrease in population size of the older species which may result in the slow down of coalescence.
Learn more about Positive selection at:
brainly.com/question/27734655
#SPJ4
based on your answers, can evolution by natural selection occur in the absence of genetic variation? will it take place anytime genetic variation occurs? explain.
Genetic diversity is essential for natural selection, which drives evolution and enables organisms to adapt to their environments and find suitable habitats, hence it is impossible for evolution to take place without it.
In a population with no genetic diversity, natural selection is impossible. Because there were no different allele frequencies to begin with, environmental pressure on the population won't result in a change in their frequency.
A population may be more at risk of extinction if it lacks genetic diversity, which prevents it from adapting to changing environmental factors. When a population is exposed to a new disease, for instance, selection will work on any population-wide genes that confer resistance to the disease.
Learn more about genetic variation Visit: brainly.com/question/4735157
#SPJ4
what are the similarities and diff erences between the strain of bacteria that kayla carries and the typical hospitalacquired version of mrsa?
Kayla carries Staphylococcus aureus and it is different from MRSA as MRSA does not respond well to a number of antibiotics and only responds to a few. They are similar as infections that are caused by them are skin infections.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus or the MRSA infection is caused by a type of staph or Staphylococcus bacteria that has become resistant to a number of the antibiotics which are used to treat ordinary staph infections.
Kayla basically carries Staphylococcus aureus and it is different from MRSA as MRSA being resistant, does not respond well to a number of antibiotics and only responds to just a few. They are similar as infections that are caused by them usually start skin infections but can possibly spread from the skin to the other areas of the body.
--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is
"Kayla suffers from Osteomyelitis for which the most common cause is Staphylococcus aureus. What are the similarities and differences between the strain of bacteria that Kayla carries and the typical hospital acquired version of MRSA?"--
To know more about Staphylococcus aureus here
https://brainly.com/question/15184286
#SPJ4
Some organisms have features that have different functions, but similar structures. one example is the forelimb of humans, dogs, birds, and whales.a. Trueb. False
Answer: I don't really know this ether so if you get your answer faster let me know
Explanation:
Because I'm over struggling about this and I fr need help aka =.
the type of membrane transport that requires energy, such as the atp-powered protein pumps and a protein channel to move substances across the membrane is called active
Active transport involves the movement of chemicals from a low-concentration location to a high-concentration area in opposition to the concentration gradient.
Being "active" means that this process uses energy (usually in the form of ATP). Passive transport is in opposition to it. Active transport is the type of membrane transfer that needs ATP. Active transport can be divided into three categories: exocytosis, endocytosis, and protein pumps.
Utilizing ATP, protein pumps transport molecules straight across the membrane from a region of low concentration to one of high concentration. The hydrolysis of ATP molecules provides the energy required for this transport to take place. A protein is also necessary for active transport, which transports solutes against their concentration gradient (from low to high concentration).
Learn more about membrane Visit: brainly.com/question/14499201
#SPJ4
what is a function of the kidneys (please check all that apply):
Your kidneys remove wastes and extra fluid from your body. Your kidneys also remove acid that is produced by the cells of your body and maintain a healthy balance of water, salts, and minerals—such as sodium, calcium, phosphorus, and potassium—in your blood.
Without this balance, nerves, muscles, and other tissues in your body may not work normally.
Your kidneys also make hormones that help
control your blood pressure
make red blood cells NIH external link
keep your bones strong and healthy
Your kidneys are responsible for removing waste and excess fluid from your body. Your kidneys also eliminate acid created by your body's cells and keep a healthy balance of water, salts, and minerals in your blood, such as sodium, calcium, phosphorus, and potassium.
what is a function of the kidneys?The kidneys are responsible for various vital functions, including:
The kidneys manage the amount and composition of physiological fluids by filtering out excess water and electrolytes while keeping what the body requires.
Maintaining electrolyte balance: The kidneys manage electrolyte levels in the body, such as sodium, potassium, and calcium.
Filtering waste products: The kidneys filter waste products from the blood, such as urea and creatinine, and excrete them in the urine.
Blood pressure regulation: Hormones produced by the kidneys regulate blood pressure by managing the amount of fluid in the circulation.
Erythropoietin production: The kidneys create erythropoietin, a hormone that increases red blood cell synthesis.
To know more about kidney,
https://brainly.com/question/29992259
#SPJ4
why do living things need an input of energy and materials? (why do we need to eat?)
Energy is required for living beings to carry out life processes.
The ability to accomplish work is defined as energy. A bird flies through the air, a firefly shines in the dark, and a dog wags its tail are all examples of energy at action. These are apparent ways in which living things utilize energy, but living things also use energy in less evident ways. Energy is required to carry out life processes within every cell of all living organisms.
Breaking down and reassembling molecules, as well as transporting numerous molecules across plasma membranes, all need energy. All of life's labour necessitates the expenditure of energy. A significant amount of energy is also simply lost to the atmosphere as heat.
To know more about the Energy, here
https://brainly.com/question/27475776
#SPJ4
which is a list of derived tetrapod traits that place tiktaalik as a close relative of acanthostega and other tetrapods?
The following is a list of derived tetrapod traits that place Tiktaalik as a close relative of Acanthostega and other tetrapods are a neck that can bend; large pelvis with attachments for muscles to control hind limbs.
Tiktaalik possessed both fish and tetrapod features. It has scales, fins, and gills as fish characteristics, and a neck, ribs capable of bearing weight, a flat head, dorsally positioned eyes, a fin skeleton, and ear notches as tetrapod characteristics. Tiktaalik is an important fish fossil for understanding the evolutionary transition from fish to tetrapods.
Tiktaalik have thin ray bones for paddling, like most fish, but they also have sturdy interior bones, allowing Tiktaalik to prop itself up in shallow water and use its limbs for support, as most four-legged animals do.
Learn more about tetrapods here: https://brainly.com/question/15744567
#SPJ4
the infectious agents that cause rocky mountain spotted fever and epidemic typhus are transmitted to the human body via vector such as a tick. what are these infectious agents?
Rickettsiae are these infectious agents. Infectious agents are organisms that can cause infection or infectious illness. Bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites are among them.
We become ill as a result of infectious agents. Infectious agents are agents that have the potential to cause infection or an infectious illness. These agents, which can be huge or little, penetrate the body's numerous defense mechanisms before hijacking and infecting the host system. Infectious agents, such as viruses and bacteria, can be microscopic or macroscopic.
Infectious pathogens can enter the body through wounds, the mouth, or the nose. They can be consumed or transferred through a vector. These infectious agents have the potential to spread to greater areas, resulting in epidemics or a pandemic. The majority of infectious pathogens are highly host specific.
Learn more about infectious agents
https://brainly.com/question/3884726
#SPJ4
using the same pedigree as in the previous question, why did the children in (iii-a) and (iii-e) not get the disease when both fathers had the disease?
The children in (iii-a) and (iii-e) did not get the disease because it is X-linked and they received a healthy X chromosome from their mothers.
X-linked diseases are caused by mutations in genes located on the X chromosome. In this case, the disease is caused by a mutation in a gene located on the X chromosome and is passed from affected fathers to their daughters, who are then carriers of the disease. Sons, however, receive only one X chromosome from their mothers and do not inherit an affected X chromosome from their fathers. This is why the children in (iii-a) and (iii-e) did not get the disease, even though both fathers had the disease. They received a healthy X chromosome from their mothers and did not inherit the affected X chromosome from their fathers. This pattern of inheritance is a hallmark of X-linked diseases and helps to explain why some individuals are affected and others are not.
Learn more about diseases here:
https://brainly.com/question/13936932
#SPJ4
Some scientists believe that the gene that controls the production of hemoglobin, a protein responsible for the binding of oxygen to red blood cells of humans, is located at the position shown in the diagram. Scientists could gather more information about the relationship of this region of the DNA and the production of hemoglobin by asking which of the following questions?
A) Do other animals, besides humans, have this section of DNA within their genetic material?
B) Is this section of DNA found in all humans who produce normal amounts of hemoglobin?
C) Is this section of DNA associated with the production of other proteins?
D) Do humans who lack this section of DNA exhibit problems with oxygen binding to red blood cells?
Answer:
B) Is this section of DNA found in all humans who produce normal amounts of hemoglobin?
D) Do humans who lack this section of DNA exhibit problems with oxygen binding to red blood cells?
Explanation:
explain how the skin continually regenerates.
The skin on the human body is continually regenerating as the cells of the stratum basale constantly keep producing new skin cells.
The outermost layer of skin that we can see is known as the epidermis. It is composed of cells which produce keratin. Stratum basale is basically the deepest layer of the skin which is separated from the dermis by the basement membrane or the basal lamina, The cells of the stratum basale keep producing fresh skin cells.
These newer cells gradually keep pushing the other cells to the surface of the skin, which is the epidermis, where these cells harden and then they eventually die off. These cells on the top layer fall off when the skin is rubbed and the new cells take their place.
To know more about skin here
https://brainly.com/question/7053249
#SPJ4
2. If parents proudced all gray offspring, what were the genotypes and phenotypes of the parents
It can be assumed that the parents carried the gene for gray color if all of their descendants are gray. The parents' genotypes may differ if the offspring are born by sexual reproduction, with one parent having the dominant gray gene (G) and the other having the recessive non-gray allele (g).
Describe how someone could maintain homeostasis using fluids
Answer: homeostasis largely depends on osmo- and baro-receptors that respectively react to changes in osmolality and blood pressure, water-regulating hormone release, the subsequent response of kidneys to the hormonal stimulation and activation of thirst.
is it possible to find Permian rocks beneath devonian rocks
It is not possible to find Permian rocks beneath Devonian rocks.
What are Devonian rocks?Between the conclusion of the Silurian, 419.2 million years ago, and the start of the Carboniferous, 358.9 Mya, the Devonian is a Paleozoic geologic epoch and system that lasted 60.3 million years.
The upper Etonvale Formation contains the earliest Devonian rocks that have been found so far, which are sandstones and shales with carbonates (including dolomite) and some salt.
When rocks weather over time in a climate that alternates between warm, humid conditions and dry spells, iron oxide (rust) is created. An ancient watertable's level is shown by the white sediment at the top.
Thus, it can not possible to find Permian rocks beneath Devonian rocks.
For more details regarding Devonian period, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/8930188
#SPJ1
you get into an elevator on the 10th floor and press the button to go down to the first floor. suddenly you become aware that the elevator is going up instead of down. the receptors that were stimulated and made you aware of the movement are located in the: organ of corti maculae cerebellum cristae ampullares
The cristae ampullares are where the receptors that were activated and caused you to notice the movement are found. These are a component of the vestibular system, which is in charge of preserving balance as well as recognising changes in head position and movement.
The inner ear contains sensory hair cells called cristae ampullares that react to variations in linear acceleration, such as those that occur in an elevator. Following this, the vestibular nuclei in the brain use this data to process movement perception and balance-related functions in the brain.
For such more question on cristae ampullares
https://brainly.com/question/15174946
#SPJ4
the experimental crispr process, in which the genome is edited by replacing alleles, is an example of work in which field?
In the experimental CRISPR process, the genome is edited by replacing alleles, and this is an example of work in the field of genetics and genome editing where the gene is engineered.
What is the significance of the CRISPR process?The CRISPR process is very useful in gene editing because it edits the gene in the DNA in the case of a genetic disorder so that the disorder is not passed down to the next generation; it is also used in other fields of biotechnology, such as medicine.
Hence, in the experimental CRISPR process, the genome is edited by replacing alleles, and this is an example of work in the field of genetics and genome editing where the gene is engineered.
Learn more about the CRISPR process here.
https://brainly.com/question/29509174
#SPJ1
small antigens that bind to large molecules and induces an immune response are known as .
Small antigens that bind to large molecules and induce an immune response are known as haptens.
A molecule, molecular structure, foreign particle, pollen grain, or any other substance that can bind to a particular antibody or T-cell receptor is referred to as an antigen (Ag) in the field of immunology.[1] Antigens can cause the body to mount an immune response.[2] Originally, the term "antigen" referred to a substance that produces antibodies.[3] Antigens can be proteins, peptides (amino acid chains), lipids, nucleic acids, polysaccharides (chains of monosaccharides/simple sugars), or polypeptides. [4]
Antibody and T-cell receptors are examples of antigen receptors that recognize antigens. Immune system cells manufacture a variety of antigen receptors, resulting in the antigen specificity of each cell for a single antigen. Only lymphocytes that are able to recognize an antigen are activated and expanded when exposed to it, a process known as
To know more about antigens here
https://brainly.com/question/7597406
#SPJ4
Student ue a microcope to look for tructure preent in four different cell. The tudent placed an X for each tructure that wa viewed for each cell on the table hown. Which cell that wa viewed i mot likely a prokaryote
The learner marked an X in each cell of the table gown for each building that was seen. Cell X is most likely a prokaryotic cell when seen as a whole.
Unicellular species like bacteria have prokaryotic cells, which do not have nuclei. There are no x-marks in the nucleus of cell X.
The cell membrane, cell wall, and DNA-based genetic material make up prokaryotic cells. These are all indicated with an x in cell X.
Prokaryotic cells lack chloroplasts, hence cell X's slot for them is left empty and without an x.
This information makes it abundantly evident that cell X is thought to have a prokaryotic cell structure.
For such more question on prokaryotic cell
https://brainly.com/question/5716507
#SPJ4
Characteristics of Living Things: (List each of the characteristics of life and tell why they are important) There is not a set number of steps so when you look them up you may find 6, 8, or 8 steps.
Answer:
Reproduction: ensures the continuity of various species on the Earth
Homeostasis: maintains optimal conditions for enzyme action throughout the body, as well as all cell functions
Growth: Growth is a way to generate the materials for reproduction.
Respiration: It releases energy from the food
Excretion:to prevent accumulation of harmful substances in the body.
Nutrition: help break down food to give organisms energy
Explanation:
hope this helps
when the organisms of a particular population seek habitats or resources that are unevenly spaced, the distribution of the individuals in the population tends to be .
Population of organisms seeking uneven distribution tends to be clumping.
Clumping is a population distribution pattern which occurs when the concentration of the resources is at a small area within a huge habitator that leads to an uneven distribution of them over an area or when there is an individual forming social groups.
In clumping multiple organisms of a particular species group together for some beneficial purposes. Presence of an abiotic environment around an organism can also cause clumping.
Some plants that shed their seeds near them or group breeding species, are an example of this population distribution pattern like Oak tree etc
To know more about population size visit at:
https://brainly.com/question/1502078
#SPJ4
one aspect of both nature and nurture that profoundly affects each person is the _____, which refers to all microbes that live within every part of the body.
One aspect of both nature and nurture that profoundly affects each person is called microbiome, which refers to all microbes that live within every part of the body.
Microbes are the small microscopic living organisms that cannot be visualized through the unaided eyes. The example of microorganisms are: bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, etc. The microbes are generally harmful to the large organisms. However some are useful as well.
Microbiome is the world of microorganisms found living together in a habitat. This habitat is usually inside another living body. The microbiome is essential because it may help in the better health of the individual. However the microbiome may harbor harmful microorganism as well.
To know more about microbes, here
brainly.com/question/14571536
#SPJ4
Tuberculosis and cholera are agents that are single celled organisms with no nucleus these are examples of:
a. Viruses
b. Prions
c. Parasites
d. Bacteria
e. Fungi
The correct answer is option D that is" Bacteria".
Bacteria lacks a membrane bound nucleus and other internal structure and thus comes under unicellular form of life. Tuberculosis and cholera are caused due to Bacteria infection which are singled cell figures too.
to learn more about this :-
https://brainly.com/question/1115952?referrer=searchResults
d. Bacteria. Tuberculosis and cholera are examples of bacteria, which are single-celled microorganisms. Unlike viruses, bacteria have a cell wall and can reproduce on their own.
Unlike prions, bacteria are not just misfolded proteins but have a cellular structure. Unlike parasites, bacteria can cause diseases but are not dependent on a host for survival. Unlike fungi, bacteria are prokaryotic, meaning they lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Bacteria play a significant role in both causing and preventing diseases in humans and other organisms.
Find more about Bacteria
brainly.com/question/21286091
#SPJ4
what type of cells line the ventricles of the brain? what type of cells line the ventricles of the brain? epithelial cells ependymal cells astrocytes neurons
Ependymal cells are the kind of cells that line the ventricles of the brain.The lining of the ventricular system, including the aqueducts, is made up of epidermis cells.
They participate in maintaining fluid homeostasis and are in direct contact with the cerebrospinal fluid.
Tanycytes, which exhibit extended periventricular processes in the periventricular white matter, are the specialized ependymal cell types.
Ependymal cells resemble cuboidal and columnar epithelia when stained with H&E.
They feature a chromatin-rich tiny oval nucleus. High magnification makes it possible to observe the fine cilia as well.
Additionally to GFAP and S100 immunoreactivity, ependymal cells also express connexin proteins and aquaporins, albeit they are less frequently employed in diagnostic procedures.
The ventricular spaces of the adult brain are lined with ependymal cells.
To know more about the Ependymal cells visit:
https://brainly.com/question/3233193
#SPJ4
describe the combined effects of parasites and trout on frog densities. interpret this result and suggest a hypothesis for why this may have occurred
The impact of parasites and fish on frog numbers might vary based on factors such as frog and parasite species, location, and habitat. We require information on the data gathered.
and the study design to evaluate the cumulative effects and interpret the results. Similarly, in order to propose a theory, we must first understand the underlying mechanisms and variables involved in the interplay of parasite, trout, and frog concentrations. The impact of parasites and fish on frog numbers might vary based on factors such as frog and parasite species, location, and habitat. We require information on the data gathered. the combined effects of parasites and trout on frog densities. interpret this result and suggest a hypothesis for why this may have occurred.
learn more about hypothesis here:
https://brainly.com/question/29519577
#SPJ4
explain why controlled variables should be monitored carefully
Controlled variables should be monitored carefully in an experiment as they are held constant in that particular study to prevent it from interfering with the results.
Control variables help in limiting the influence of external or the confounding variables, which can helps in boosting the internal validity of the experiment. In addition, such controlled variables aid in establishing the relationship between the variables of interest.
It is necessary to control the variables that can impact the results of the study apart from the independent and dependent variables. If the relevant variables are left unchecked, we might not be able to prove their influence on the results.
To know more about controlled variables here
https://brainly.com/question/9801257
#SPJ4
In a bacterial operon, the active repressor bind to the A. promoter. B. terminator. C. operator. D. regulator.
In a bacterial operon, the active repressor bind to the operator.
What is Operon?
An operon is a functional piece of DNA in genetics that houses a collection of genes that are all regulated by the same promoter. The genes are combined during transcription to form an mRNA strand, which is then either translated in the cytoplasm as a single unit or split up during splicing to form monocistronic mRNAs, which are translated separately and consist of multiple strands of mRNA that each encode a single gene product. The operon's genes as a result either express themselves simultaneously or not at all. An operon is defined by the co-transcription of many genes.
To learn more about Operon visit;
https://brainly.com/question/14331566
#SPJ4
where a muscle attaches to a stationary bone
Where a muscle attaches to a stationary bone called (A). origin.
Skeletal muscles, often known as muscles, are parts of the vertebrate muscular system that are normally linked to the skeleton's bones by tendons. Skeletal muscle cells, which are frequently referred to as muscle fibres, are substantially longer than those found in other types of muscular tissue. The configuration of the sarcomeres causes the muscle tissue of skeletal muscles to be striated, giving it the appearance of being striped.
Skeletal muscles are controlled by the somatic nervous system and are voluntary muscles. The other types of muscle include smooth muscle, which is non-striated, and cardiac muscle, both of which are striated. These two types are both considered to be involuntary, or under the direction of the autonomic nervous system.
The complete question is ,
Where a muscle attaches to a stationary bone called? (A) origin (B) insertion (C) abductor (D) flexor.
To know more about muscle
https://brainly.com/question/14758824
#SPJ4
Which of the following statements is true about all microbes?
A. All microbes contain a nucleus.
B. All microbes contain a genome.
C. All microbes are single cells.
D. All microbes cause disease.
The statement "All microbes are single cells." is true about all microbes.
Microbes, also known as microorganisms, are tiny living organisms that can be found virtually everywhere on Earth. They are extremely diverse, ranging in size from the smallest viruses to the largest fungi.
One of the defining characteristics of all microbes is that they are single cells. This means that they are composed of a single cell that functions as a complete organism, performing all of the functions necessary for life within that cell. This simple structure allows microbes to adapt to a wide range of environments, from the human gut to the depths of the ocean.
While not all microbes contain a nucleus, they do all contain a genome, which is the complete set of genetic information that defines the organism. However, not all microbes cause disease; in fact, the majority of microbes are harmless, and many even have important roles in maintaining the balance of ecosystems and supporting human health.
Therefore, the statement "All microbes are single cells." is true about all microbes.
To learn more about microbes visit here:
https://brainly.com/question/14571536
#SPJ11
