Generally, Equilibrium is defined as a state in which opposing forces or actions are balanced so that one is not stronger or greater than the other.
Concentration of CH₄ = 1.39
So X here is = -1.39 + 4 = 2.61
So concentration of,
H₂S = 8 - 2 × (2.61) = - 2. 78 M
Cs₂ = 4 - 2.61 = 1.39 M
H₂ = 8 - 4 (2.61) = -2.44 M
Concentration is defined as the amount of a substance, such as a salt, that is in a certain amount of tissue or liquid, such as blood. When less water is present in a substance it usually becomes more concentrated.
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Which statement is correct about the theory of combustion?
1. The law of conservation of mass provided justification for the theory of combustion.
2. The theory of phlogiston provided justification for the theory of combustion.
3. • The theory of phlogiston became the theory of combustion.
4. • The law of conservation of mass became the theory of combustion.
B
The phlogiston theory states that as something burns, it dephlogisticates and releases stored phlogiston, which the air then absorbs. Because growing plants absorb the phlogiston, neither plant materials nor air spontaneously catch fire.
Thus, Phlogiston explained burning in a way that was totally at odds with the hypothesis of oxygen.
Phlogiston-rich substances frequently burnt in the presence of air; the fact that combustion abruptly stopped in a closed atmosphere was taken as indisputable evidence that there was a limit to the amount of phlogiston that air could carry. A metal heated in phlogisticated air couldn't form a calx or sustain life in any way. Phlogisticated air was incapable of supporting the burning of any material. When breathing, phlogiston was thought to be ejected from the body.
the moles is a counting unit defined as 1 mole = 6.022 × 1023 objects. if you have a sample of 1.25 × 10-6 moles of h2o, how many oxygen atoms would the sample contain?
If you have a sample of 1.25 × 10⁻⁶ moles of H₂O, the number oxygen atoms the sample will contain is 7.5 × 10¹⁷ atom of O.
1 mole of the substance = 6.022 × 10²³ atoms
The moles of water = 1.25 × 10⁻⁶ moles of the water
18 g of the water in 1 mole = 1.25 × 10⁻⁶ moles of water
16 g of the oxygen in 1 mole = 1.25 × 10⁻⁶ atoms of oxygen
The moles of the O atom = (1 × 1.25 × 10⁻⁶ ) 6.022 × 10²³ atom of O
The moles of the O atom = 7.5 × 10¹⁷ atom of O
Thus, the number of the oxygen atom in water is 7.5 × 10¹⁷ atom of O.
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which structure could not be seen using an electron microscope? choose one: a. electron b. ribosomes c. individual cell d. dna e. plasma membrane
The structure of an electron could not be seen by using an electron microscope.
An electron is a small particle having a negative charge that is found in all the atoms. Streams of electrons made by special equipment which can be used for the radiation treatment.
An electron microscope is a microscope which uses a beam of accelerated electrons as a source of illumination. As the wavelength of an electron can be up to 100,000 times shorter than the visible light photons, electron microscopes having higher resolving power than to the light microscopes and can reveal the structure of the smaller objects. Electron microscopes use shaped magnetic fields to form an electron optical lens systems that are analogous to the glass lenses of an optical light microscope.
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what is the magnitude of the charge of the electrons in 6.20 mol of neutral molecular-hydrogen gas (h2)?
The magnitude of the charge of the electrons in 6.20 mol of neutral molecular-hydrogen gas is 119.48 × 10⁴ C.
There are two electrons and two protons in a hydrogen molecule (H₂).
Total no. of electrons present in 1 mol of hydrogen molecule (H₂) is given as,
n = 2 × 6.022 × 10²³
Total no. of electrons present in 6.2 mol of hydrogen molecule (H₂) is given as,
n = 2 × 6.2 × 6.022 × 10²³
By the formula of quantization of charge we get,
q = ne
Substituting the values we get,
q = 2 × 6.2 × 6.022 × 10²³ × 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ C
⇒ q = 119.48 × 10⁴ C
Hence, the magnitude of the charge of the electrons in 6.20 mol of neutral molecular-hydrogen gas is 119.48 × 10⁴ C.
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Explain the differences between how a scientist and a pseudoscientist would try to test a new medicine.
Pseudoscientists attempt to make unfalsifiable or untestable statements in science, while scientists strive to formulate falsifiable, research theories. This is the main difference between them.
What benefits and drawbacks does pseudoscience offer?People are persuaded to believe whatever they want to via pseudoscience. It offers phony "arguments" to deceive you into believing that all opinions are equally valid. Let's set aside the things we think to be true and carry out an investigation instead, says science.
A pseudoscience is what?A pseudoscience is a made-up knowledge field that bases its statements on flawed or unavailable scientific data. The majority of the time, these pseudoscience make statements that look convincing but have little to no empirical evidence.
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suppose that at the end of reaction 1 the level of the aqueous solution were 26 cm higher inside the buret than outside. compared to ambient pressure, the pressure of the gas inside the buret would be:
Answer:
The pressure of the gas inside the buret would be higher than ambient pressure if the level of the aqueous solution were 26 cm higher inside the buret than outside.
This is because the gas inside the buret is being compressed by the weight of the liquid column above it. The higher the liquid column, the greater the pressure on the gas. So when the level of the aqueous solution is 26 cm higher inside the buret than outside, it means that there is a greater weight of liquid pushing down on the gas, which increases the pressure of the gas.
It's important to note that the pressure inside the buret is not only due to the liquid column but also due to the atmospheric pressure. So the pressure of the gas inside the buret will be higher than ambient pressure but not only by 26cm of liquid column.
How many molecules of aspirin are contained in a 100.0 g tablet of aspirin, C9H8O4?
3.34×10³⁰ aspirin C9H8O4 molecules make up a 100.0 mg aspirin pill.
Describe aspirin.Aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid, is a neutral anti-inflammatory drug used to treat pain, fever, and/or inflammation as well as being a blood thinner. Inflammatory conditions including Kawasaki illness, pericarditis, & rheumatic fever are all treated with aspirin.
C₉H₈O₄ → ( 12 × 9 ) + ( 1 × 8 ) + ( 16 × 4 )
= 180 g/mol
Then convert the mass from g to mg → 180 g × 1000 mg/1g
= 180000 mg
= 1.8×10⁵ mg
In 1.8×10⁵ mg of aspirin ( 1 mol )
we have 6.02 × 10²³ molecules
In 100 mg of aspirin,
we have ( 100 . 6.02 × 10³ ) / 1.8 × 10⁵
= 3.34 × 10³⁰ molecules
A 100.0 mg aspirin pill therefore has 3.34 × 10³⁰molecules of aspirin C9H8O4.
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How many electrons are there in one atom of element X?
An element Y's atom has 11 protons, 11 electrons, and 12 neutrons compared to an element X's atom's 17 protons, 17 electrons, and 18 neutrons.
What does X element mean?A unique representation of an isotope of any element is AZX, where X is the element's atomic symbol, A is the mass number, and Z is the atomic number. 126C is the carbon isotope with the most neutrons.It also has the same mass as how many hydrogen atoms join with one of it. One X atom joins four hydrogen atoms to form the XH4 molecule. As a result, X has a valency of 4. The atomic number and mass number of an element can be used to identify it. Isotopes are different-mass versions of the same element's atoms. The number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus has a significant role in determining an atom's mass.To learn more about element refer to:
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If 7.27 moles of NaCl are reacted with excess Pb(NO3)2 according to the following equation, how many moles of PbCl2 will be produced?
Answer:
if you need steps let me know but I think its 0.84 molecules
Explanation:
what two reasons can be made for the molecular ion peak at m/z = 130 being so weak?
Low abundance: The molecular ion peak at m/z = 130 may be weak due to its low abundance in the sample being analyzed.
This can be due to a number of reasons, including low levels of the analyte in the sample, limited ionization efficiency, or interference from other ions in the spectrum.
Fragmentation: Another reason for the weakness of the molecular ion peak at m/z = 130 could be due to extensive fragmentation during the mass spectrometric analysis. Fragmentation occurs when the analyte molecule undergoes a collision-induced dissociation, resulting in the formation of smaller, fragmented ions. This can cause the abundance of the molecular ion to decrease, making the peak weaker in the mass spectrum. Low abundance: The molecular ion peak at m/z = 130 may be weak due to its low abundance in the sample being analyzed.
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Calculate the energy (in J) for one photon of this radiation.
(Include Sig figs and unit)
The energy of the photon is 4 * 10^-19 J.
What is the energy of the photon?We have to note that the energy of the photon can be obtained by the application of the formula that connects the wavelength to the energy.
We have to note that;
E = hc/λ
E = energy of the photon
h = Plank's constant
c = speed of light
λ = Wavelength
We then have that;
E = 6.6 * 10^-34 * 3 * 10^8/488 * 10^-9
E = 4 * 10^-19 J
From the calculation, we have the energy of the photon as 4 * 10^-19 J here.
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outline ways in which ozone levels are decreased by human activities, using equations to support your answer.
Human activities can release chemicals like chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), halons, carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) into the atmosphere that can decrease the ozone levels.
Release of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) these chemicals are released into the atmosphere, they can react with ozone and break it down. The reaction between CFCs and ozone can be represented by the following equation:
CFC + UV radiation → CFC radical + Cl
Cl + O3 → ClO + O2
ClO + O3 → Cl + 2O2
The equations provided support the fact that these activities can contribute to ozone depletion by breaking down ozone through chemical reactions.
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2 03(g) → 3 0₂(8) AH=-285 kJ/mol,
The bond enthalpy of the oxygen-oxygen bond in O, is 498 kJ/mol. Based on the enthalpy of the reaction represented above, what is the average bond enthalpy, in kJ/mol, of an oxygen-oxygen bond in 03?
Please help meee
The average bond enthalpy, in kJ/mol, of an oxygen-oxygen bond in O[tex]_3[/tex] is 889.5kJ/mol. Bond enthalpy, sometimes referred to as binding energies.
What is bond enthalpy?Bond enthalpy, sometimes referred to as binding energies, is a number that sheds light on the potency and, consequently, the stability of a chemical bond. The total energy required for breaking 1 mole of a chemical bond is known as that of the bond enthalpy of the that chemical bond.
2O[tex]_3[/tex](g) → 3O[tex]_2[/tex], ΔH=-285 kJ/mol
enthalpy of reaction = 3×bond enthalpy of O[tex]_2[/tex] - 2×bond enthalpy of O[tex]_3[/tex]
-285 =3×498 - 2×bond enthalpy of O[tex]_3[/tex]
-285 = 1494- 2×bond enthalpy of O[tex]_3[/tex]
-285-1494= - 2×bond enthalpy of O[tex]_3[/tex]
-1779 = - 2×bond enthalpy of O[tex]_3[/tex]
bond enthalpy of O[tex]_3[/tex] =1779/2=889.5kJ/mol
Therefore, the average bond enthalpy, in kJ/mol, of an oxygen-oxygen bond in O[tex]_3[/tex] is 889.5kJ/mol.
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if a copper pipe requires 6.7 j to raise its temperature by 1 °c, what is the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature from 25°c to 29°c?
If the copper pipe will requires 6.7 J to raise the temperature by 1 °C, The quantity of the heat required to raise the temperature from 25 °C to 29 °C is 26.7 J.
The heat = 6.7 J
The change in temperature = 1 °C
The specific heat of copper = 0.385 J/ g °C
The specific heat is given as :
q = mc ΔT
m = q / c ΔT
m = 6.7 / ( 0.385 × 1 )
m = 17.4 g
The change in the temperature = 29 - 25 = 4 °C
The heat to raise the temperature by 4 °C :
q = mc ΔT
q = 17.4 g × 0.385 J/ g °C × 4 °C
q = 26.7 J
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Click Reset Balloon. Choose the button that shows two balloons. Move each balloon over the sweater so that half of the sweater’s electrons move to one balloon and half of the electrons move to the other balloon. Try to bring the balloons close together. What happens to the balloons?
If you bring the two balloons close together, they would experience a force of attraction. This is because like charges would repel each other, while opposite charges attract each other. The balloons would experience an electric force, which would cause them to move towards each other.
What do you mean by electrostatic force?Electrostatic force is a type of force that occurs between charged particles. It is a fundamental force of nature that arises from the interaction between charged objects.
How do electrostatic force play an important role?The electrostatic force plays a crucial role in many natural phenomena, such as the behavior of charged particles in electric and magnetic fields, the formation of lightning, and the behavior of colloidal suspensions. In technology, the electrostatic force is used in many applications, such as electrostatic precipitators, electrostatic spraying, and electrophoresis.
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Answer:
The balloons move away from each other.
Explanation:
This is 100% Correct
Which contains the same number of ions as the value of avogadro's constant?
a. 0.5 mol kbr
b. 0.5 mol cabr2
c. 1.0 mol cao
d. 1.0 mol k2o?
0.5 mol of KBr contains the same number of ions as the value of the Avogadro's number.
Hence, option a is the correct option.
According to the mole concept we know that 1 mole of a particular molecule contains 6.022 × 10²³ no. of ions which is known as the Avogadro's number.
We know that,
KBr → K⁺ + Br⁻
So, 1 mole of KBr is able to produce 1 mole each of K⁺ and Br⁻ ions and therefore 0.5 moles of KBr produces 0.5 moles each of K⁺ and Br⁻ ions. Using the mole concept,
0.5 moles of K⁺ ions = (0.5)(6.022 × 10²³) = 3.011 × 10²³ ions
0.5 moles of Br⁻ ions = (0.5)(6.022 × 10²³) = 3.011 × 10²³ ions
Total number of ions = 3.011 × 10²³ + 3.011 × 10²³ = 6.022 × 10²³ ions
Therefore, the number of ions is equal to the value of the Avogadro's number.
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Which term correctly balances the nuclear equation below?
223
87 Fr →
0 0
О
-1e
0
1e
oү
4
2 He
+
223
88 Ra
Answer:
to remember when balancing nuclear equations: 1. The total of the superscripts (mass numbers, ) in the reactants and products must be the same. 2. The total of the subscripts (atomic numbers, ) in the reactants and products must be the same P a r t A What is the value of in the following nuclear reaction?
When you balance an equation you can only change the coefficients (the numbers in front of molecules or atoms). Coefficients are the numbers in front of the molecule. Subscripts are the smaller numbers found after atoms. These cannot be changed when balancing chemical equations! Subscripts are the smaller numbers found after atoms.
Balanced chemical equations have the same number and type of each atom on both sides of the equation. The coefficients in a balanced equation must be the simplest whole number ratio. Mass is always conserved in chemical reactions.
Keeping this in view, what is meant by a balanced equation? A balanced equation is an equation for a chemical reaction in which the number of atoms for each element in the reaction and the total charge is the same for both the reactants and the products. Also Known As: Balancing the equation, balancing the reaction, conservation of charge and mass.
Explanation:
What is always correct about the molecular ion, M+, in a mass spectrum of a compound? a) The M+ ion peak has the smallest m/z ratio in the mass spectrum. b) The m/z ratio of the M+ ion peak gives the relative molecular mass of the molecule. c) The M+ ion is the most stable fragment formed during electron bombardment. d) The M+ ion peak has the greatest intensity in the mass spectrum.
The M+ ion, which has the highest intensity in the mass spectrum, is the most stable component created by the bombardment of electrons.
The M+ ion created when a molecule is ionized by the loss of an electron from the molecule is known as a molecular ion (M+). The molecular weight (MW) of the sample is represented by the m/z of this ion, which could be highly helpful information in determining the structure.
The m/z ratios of the ions contained in a sample displayed against their intensities form a mass spectrum. The height of the peaks in a mass spectrum denotes the relative abundance of the various components in the sample, and each peak in a mass spectrum displays a component of distinct m/z in the sample.
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Aluminium oxide, Al2O3, has a high melting point and it reacts with both hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide. What information can be deduced about the chemical nature of aluminium oxide from this information?
(i) As the melting point is high the bonding is ionic. (ii) As it reacts with both acids and bases it is an amphoteric oxide
Aluminium oxide (Al2O3) being a high-melting point compound and reacting with both hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide can indeed provide this information suggests that aluminium oxide is likely an ionic compound with some covalent character and an amphoteric oxide.
(i) The statement that a high melting point indicates ionic bonding is generally true for many compounds, as ionic bonds are typically stronger and require more energy to break than covalent bonds.
(ii) The fact that aluminium oxide reacts with both acids and bases is an indication that it is an amphoteric oxide. Amphoteric substances are those that can react as either an acid or a base, depending on the conditions. This is a property of some metal oxides that contain a metal cation and an oxide anion in their chemical structure.
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hydrophilic molecules group of answer choices are charged molecules that are attracted to the partial charge of the water molecule are uncharged, nonionic substances that repel water are polar molecules that are attracted to the nonpolar portion of the water molecule are nonionic molecules that are attracted to the nonpolar portion of the water molecule
Hydrophilic molecules are the charged molecules which are attracted to the partial charge of the water molecule.
A hydrophilic molecule or the portion of a molecule is one whose interactions with water as well as other polar substances are more thermodynamically favorable than their interactions with oil or other hydrophobic solvents. They are typically charge-polarized as well as capable of hydrogen bonding. Hydrophilic molecules (and the portions of molecules) will be contrasted with hydrophobic molecules (and portions of molecules). In some cases, both hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic properties occur in a single molecule.
Hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic molecules are also called as polar molecules and nonpolar molecules, respectively. Some hydrophilic substances do not dissolve. This type of mixture is known as colloid.
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When a 13.7g sample of solid Pb(NO3)2 dissolves in 85.0g of water in a calorimeter, the temperature drops from 23.4 C to 19.7 C. Calculate the change in enthalpy for the solution process.
When a 13.7g sample of solid Pb(NO₃)₂ dissolves in 85.0g of water in a calorimeter, the temperature ranges from 23.4 C to 19.7 C. The change in enthalpy for the solution is - 31951.2 J.
The expression for calorimetric is as :
q = m c ΔT
Where,
Mass , m = 85 g
The specific heat of water = 4.18 J/g °C
ΔT = change in temperature = 19.7 - 23.4 = - 3.7 °C
q = 85 × 4.18 × - 3.7
q = - 1310 J
The mass 13.7 g
The molar mass = 331 g/mol
The moles = 0.041 mol
The change in enthalpy = - 1310 / 0.041
= - 31951.2 J
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why is 2-cyclopenten-1-one more basic than cyclopentanone
2-Cyclopenten-1-one is more basic than cyclopentanone due to the presence of a double bond in the former.
The double bond in 2-cyclopenten-1-one can act as a source of electrons, making it a better electron-donor and therefore a stronger base. On the other hand, cyclopentanone is a ketone and has a carbonyl functional group, which is a strong electron-withdrawing group and therefore makes it a weaker base. The electron-donating ability of 2-cyclopenten-1-one is further increased due to the electron-withdrawing effect of the carbonyl group being reduced in 2-cyclopenten-1-one compared to cyclopentanone. This difference in basicity between the two compounds can be used to explain the different reactivity patterns of the two compounds in various chemical reactions.
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Reaction stoichiometry is based on chemical equations and: _______
Reaction stoichiometry is based on chemical equations and the law of conservation of mass.
Reaction stoichiometry is the study of the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in a chemical reaction. It is based on the chemical equation, which shows the number of moles of each substance involved in the reaction and how they are related. This information is used to determine the amount of product that can be produced from a given amount of reactant, or to find the amount of reactant required to produce a certain amount of product.
By using the balanced chemical equation, reaction stoichiometry enables us to perform quantitative predictions and analysis of chemical reactions and is an important tool for chemical engineering, materials science, and many other fields.
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a 5.14 g sample of a solid containing ni is dissolved in 20.0 ml water. a 5.00 ml aliquot of this solution is diluted to 100.0 ml and analyzed in the lab. the analyzed solution was determined to contain 5.03 ppm ni . determine the molar concentration of ni in the 20.0 ml solution.
To determine the molar concentration of Ni in the 20.0 mL solution, we first need to calculate the number of moles of Ni in the 5.00 mL aliquot.
This can be done by multiplying the number of parts per million (ppm) of Ni (5.03 ppm) by the volume of the aliquot (5.00 mL) and then dividing by 1,000,000 to convert from ppm to moles per liter. This gives us 0.00005030 moles of Ni in the 5.00 mL aliquot.
Now, to determine the molar concentration of Ni in the 20.0 mL solution, we need to divide the number of moles of Ni in the 5.00 mL aliquot (0.00005030 moles) by the volume of the 20.0 mL solution (20.0 mL) to get the molar concentration. This gives us a molar concentration of 0.0002515 moles per liter (or 2.515 x 10-4 M).
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What describes the structure of covalent network solids?
Covalent network solids are characterized by a continuous, interconnected network of atoms held together by strong covalent bonds, forming a rigid and strong solid.
Covalent network solids are solids in which the atoms are bonded together by covalent bonds to form an extended three-dimensional network. In this type of solid, the atoms are held together by strong covalent bonds, forming a continuous, interconnected lattice. The covalent bonds are directional and typically involve sharing of electrons between neighboring atoms.
Examples of covalent network solids include diamond and silicon dioxide (silica). In these materials, the covalent bonds form tetrahedral arrangements, which result in strong and rigid solids. The high strength and low volatility of covalent network solids make them useful for high-temperature and high-pressure applications, as well as for optical and electronic applications.
In summary, covalent network solids are characterized by a continuous, interconnected network of atoms held together by strong covalent bonds, forming a rigid and strong solid.
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How do I calculate the number of moles of AI2O3
The number of mole of Al₂O₃ produced when 0.60 mole of Fe is produced is 0.2 mole
How do I determine the number of mole of Al₂O₃ produced?We'll begin by obtaining the mole of Al that reacted to produce 0.6 mole of Fe. Details below:
2Al + 3FeO -> 3Fe + Al₂O₃
From the balanced equation above,
3 moles of Fe were produced from 2 moles of Al
Therefore,
0.6 mole of Fe will be produce from = (0.6 × 2) / 3 = 0.4 mole of Al
With the above information, we can determine the number of moles of Al₂O₃ produced. This can be obtained as follow:
From the balanced equation above,
2 moles of Al reacted to produce 1 mole of Al₂O₃
Therefore,
0.4 moles of Al will react to produce = (0.4 × 1) / 2 = 0.2 mole of Al₂O₃
Thus, number of mole of Al₂O₃ produced is 0.2 mole
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describe how carbon dioxide in the air outside a leaf reaches mesophyll cells inside the leaf
The carbon dioxide in the air outside a leaf reaches mesophyll cells inside the leaf through the stomata that are opened by the guard cells becoming turgid.
The carbon dioxide present in the air and outside a leaf reaches the mesophyll cells inside the leaf through the stomata that are opened by the guard cells becoming turgid. They are then diffuse through the air spaces and down the diffusion gradient and to finally the mesophyll cells.
CO₂ in the air → epidermal cells (stomata) → chloroplast → Mesophyll cell.
Thus, through stomata , the carbon dioxide in the air outside a leaf reaches mesophyll cells inside the leaf.
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hich of the following statements about subatomic particles are false? i. neutrons reside inside of the nucleus. ii. the atomic number is equal to the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. iii. electrons are more massive than protons.
The atomic number is equal to the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom and the electrons are more massive than protons are the false statement about subatomic particles.
A sub-atomic particle is a particle which comprises an atom. Electrons, protons and neutrons collectively are called as the sub-atomic particles that form an atom. An electron is a negatively charged sub-atomic particle which revolves around the nucleus, whereas the Proton is a positively charged sub-atomic particle. On the other hand, a neutron is a neutral sub-atomic particle. James Chadwick was the first to discover the presence of the neutrons inside an atom in 1932. Neutrons as well as protons are collectively called as nucleons.
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student is working with a flammable material, which while being heated suddenly ignites. which of the given choices is the best way to extinguish the fire contained completely within a beaker?
The best way to extinguish a fire contained completely within a beaker would be to use a fire blanket or a fire extinguisher with a Class B rating (for flammable liquids). It's important to never try to extinguish a fire with water, as this can cause the flammable material to splash and spread the fire.
Use the fire extinguisher provided in the lab.
Water Mist Fire Extinguishers - For use on General Risks including Cooking Media.[tex]CO_{2}[/tex] Fire Extinguishers - For use on Electrical Risks. Metal Fire Extinguisher - Applied to Flammable Metal Risks.Flammable metal laboratories must have a suitable Class D fire extinguisher in the lab to put out a fire caused by a combustible metal. Safety considerations: Verbally warn building inhabitants and sound the fire alarm if the fire is big or spreading.
If the fire is contained in a beaker or other small vessel, it can frequently be put out by adding sand or dry ice, covering the vessel with wire gauze, or both.
Therefore, the best way to extinguish a fire contained completely within a beaker would be to use a fire blanket or a fire extinguisher with a Class B rating (for flammable liquids).
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consider a lattice with n spin-1 atoms with magnetic moment μ. each atom can be in one of three spin states, sz = −1, 0, 1.
The entropy is maximized when all spin states are equally probable, the maximum entropy is:[tex]{S_{\max }} = \ln N! - 3\ln \left( {\frac{N}{3}} \right)! \approx N\ln 3[/tex]. So the maximum entropy with the spin states equally populated.
The total entropy is given by the sum of the entropy of each spin state:
Picking [tex]n_1[/tex], [tex]n_0[/tex] and [tex]n_-_1[/tex] distinguishable atoms for each spin state yield the following number of states:
[tex]\Omega = \frac{{({n_{ - 1}} + {n_0} + {n_1})!}}{{{n_{ - 1}}!{n_0}!{n_1}}}[/tex]
Where it is Boltzmann's constant,
Since the total number of atoms in finding the maximum of entropy, one should note that the resulting configuration should be symmetric by any permutation of atoms between the states. Then the configuration is [tex]n_-_1 = n_0=n_1 = \frac{N}{3}[/tex]
and the [tex]{S_{\max }} = \ln N! - 3\ln \left( {\frac{N}{3}} \right)! \approx N\ln 3[/tex]
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The given question is incorrect. The correct question is given as:
Consider a lattice with N spin- 1 atoms with magnetic moment [tex]\mu[/tex]. Each atom can be in one of three spin states, [tex]S_z =-1, 0, +1[/tex]. Let [tex]n_-_1[/tex], [tex]n_{0}[/tex] and [tex]n_1[/tex] denote the respective number of atoms in each of those spin states. Find the total entropy and the configuration which maximizes the total entropy. What is the maximum entropy? (Assume that no magnetic field is present, so all atoms have the same energy. Also assume that atoms on different lattice sites cannot be exchanged, so they are distinguishable.)
