The copper bars and the surrounds would transfer energy energy be different if the bars were in an open system.
What is isolated system with example?Systems that are isolated are ones whose energy is constant at all times. Heat is neither generated nor absorbed in isolated systems. An illustration of such an isolated system Thermos flasks are the ideal illustration of isolated systems. There is neither a gain nor a loss of energy because the thermally flask is completely insulated.
Are isolated and isothermal systems similar?As a result, isothermal processes are not able to occur in closed systems. Q. In a thermodynamics cycle, the unit is in contact with an outside source of heat, and changes happen gradually to make regulating the temperature easier. An adiabatic process isolates the system.
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an indium (in) atom has 49 electrons. electrons in which subshell of the indium atom ground state experience the lowest effective nuclear charge (z* or zeff)?
5p subshell of the indium atom ground state experience the lowest effective nuclear charge (Z or Zeff)
Atomic number of indium = 49
E.C of indium = [Kr]4d¹⁰5S²5p¹
The outer 3 electrons indicate that indium is a 3rd group element
In the ground state, the outer electrons of In are present in the 5s and 5p orbitals
So among 5s and 5p which will experience the lowest nuclear charge (Zeff)
The nuclear charge depends on the shape of the orbital
5s has spherical shape while 5p has DB shape
Among the spherical and DB shape, the second one experiences the lower nuclear charge.
So the answer is 5p subshell of the indium will experience the lowest effective nuclear charge (Z or Zeff)
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what is the empirical formula of a compound that contains 60% titanium and 40% oxygen by mass?
The empirical formula of a compound that contains 60% titanium and 40% oxygen by mass is TiO₂.
How to calculate empirical formula?Empirical formula is a notation indicating the ratios of the various elements present in a compound, without regard to the actual numbers.
The empirical formula of a substance can be calculated as follows:
Ti = 60g ÷ 47.87g/mol = 1.25molO = 40g ÷ 16g/mol = 2.5molNext, we divide each mole value by the smallest as follows:
Ti = 1.25mol ÷ 1.25 = 1O = 2.5mol ÷ 1.25 = 2The empirical ratio of Titanium and oxygen is 1:2, hence, the empirical formula is TiO₂.
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sam wanted to do a demonstration for her class. the directions called for kcl. there was not kcl in the stockroom. what would be the best choice to substitute in the reaction?
NaCl would be the best choice to substitute in the reaction
The transfer of electrons from one reactant to another occurs during an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction.
Numerous processes that you have already examined, such as single replacement, combustion, and combination, are redox processes. The loss of electrons is called oxidation. Gaining electrons is what reduction is. In the process, electrons are lost and gained simultaneously. For instance, when oxygen and elemental calcium react, calcium oxide is the result.
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Which type of neuron begins in most body organs and carries information toward the central nervous system?.
Answer:
Afferent or sensory neurons
Explanation:
They collect stimuli received by receptors throughout the body, including the skin, eyes, ears, nose, and tongue as well as pain and other receptors in the internal organs. Sensory information is transmitted to the central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord.
. at the beginning of his experiment, josh has 10 g of element a and 10 g or element b. when finished with the experiment, josh has 20 g of element a and b combined. this demonstrates what law?
josh has 10 g of element a and 10 g or element b. when finished with the experiment, josh has 20 g of element a and b combined. This demonstrates ' Law of conservation of mass'.
In a closed system, mass cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be changed from one form to another. Thus, mass of a system remains same before and after the reaction.
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in order to create a 0.500 m 0.500 m solution of h c l hcl for use in a laboratory experiment, how much distilled water must be used to dilute 100 ml 100 ml of a 3.00 m h c l 3.00 m hcl solution?
For the necessary concentration, 500 ml distilled water must be added here.
Can we drink distilled water?You can consume distilled water, of course. Because it is flatter and less flavored as tap and bottled waters, you might not enjoy the taste. Businesses boil water, collect the steam, and then condense the liquid back to liquid to create distilled water. Minerals and pollutants are taken out of the water by this method.
Briefing:
Molarity= Volume /Moles
Moles of HCl present =100×10 −3 ×3=0.3
Required molarity =0.5
∴0.5= Volume /0.3
∴Volume=0.6 L=600 mL
Here, 600 mL total, 100 mL at the beginning
For the necessary concentration, 500 ml distilled water must be added here.
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g if a hand cream appears smooth and uniform after you prepared it, but after a week of storage most of the water and most of the oil separated, what do you think must have gone wrong with the preparation?
Because of Emulsion, when we store hand cream for a week its oil and water get separated.
Water and oil are necessary to make hand cream. water is an emulsifying agent.oil and water mixtures are emulsions when shaken together.The oil will form droplets and dispersed throughout the water.In this process,the most necessary is to mix the oil and water properly.The content of the ingredients may have been miscalculated or the temperature of the water is not enough.
Emulsifiers are added to hand cream.This is based on chemicals phospholipids.These are obtained from plants,nuts,berries ,leafs etc.
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a flask is filled with 1.65 moles of a gas at 26.1 k and 444.8 mm hg. the flask is then opened and additional 1.76 moles are added. the temperature of the flask is then changed to 281.1 k. what is the pressure (in atm) of the flask under these final conditions?
The pressure of the flask under these final conditions is 13 atm .
What are moles ?
The current SI definition of moles and the "new SI" draft definition will be reviewed. Current textbook treatments of moles are compared to these official definitions. From a historical perspective, in 1971 he reviews the treatment of moles and material quantities in textbooks before and after the introduction of these quantities in SI. Textbook definitions do not always match official definitions, but reflect common usage by chemists. This is because when the new SI is adopted, the textbook definition will likely be closer to the official definition, and the draft definition more closely matches what is found in many textbooks than the current official definition. However, SI-based quantities of substances are likely to continue to cause problems for chemistry teachers and, if retained, are largely ignored by chemistry practitioners.
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5. describe a process in which 2 substances that are mixed together can be separated from each other. would this be a physical change or a chemical change? provide an explanation for your answer.
When two compounds are combined and change into a third substance, this is referred to as a biochemical reaction (or chemical reaction). When two substances are combined, not all of them react chemically.
How does chemical change?When one chemical material changes into one or more others, as when iron rusts, this is referred to as a chemical transformation. Chemical reactions produce changes in the way that molecules and atoms are ordered, which leads to the formation of new substances with new properties.
Describe a chemical example:Examples for chemicals include the basic building blocks, such as zinc, nitrogen, and oxygen; combinations created from these building blocks, such as water, dioxide, or salt; and more complicated substances, such as the air you breathe, rainfall, a chicken, a car, etc.
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chemicals that are not medicinal but are encountered in the environment or in industrial activity include all of the following, except...
Carbon Dioxide.
A presumptive test called phenolphthalein reacts with the heme molecule found in blood. Pink is produced when a reaction is favorable. While bloodstains typically have a reddish-brown hue, the color of the substrate or the stain's age can have an impact on how visible or noticeable the stain is.
A technique for separating substances or metal complexes based on their relative solubilities in two different immiscible liquids, typically water (polar) and an organic solvent, is known as liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), also known as solvent extraction and partitioning (non-polar).
Precipitin Test confirmation is required for positive results. The serologist must determine whether a stain is actually blood after a presumptive test suggests it might be blood. A precipititin test can detect proteins that are only present in human blood.
The Ouchterlony test compares the responses of a blood sample to particular antibodies to identify if it is human or animal. A sample of the unidentified bloodstain is put in an agar gel well.
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what is the main safety hazard of tmscl in this lab, and what precautions should you take when handling tmscl?
The main safety hazards of trimethylsilyl chloride (tmscl) in the lab are,
It could cause severe eye burns.
It is harmful if absorbed through the skin. It could cause severe burns.
It may be harmful if swallowed. Causes severe digestive tract burns.
It may be harmful if inhaled. Causes chemical burns to the respiratory tract.
Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis.
Trimethylsilyl chloride, commonly referred to as chlorotrimethylsilane, is a silyl halide (organosilicon chemical) with the formula (CH3)3SiCl. It is also referred to as Me3SiCl or TMSCl. It is a volatile, colorless liquid that is stable when there is no water present. It has many applications in organic chemistry.
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when 100 cm3 of 1.0 moldm-3 hcl is mixed with 100 cm3 of 1.0 moldm-3 naoh, the temperature of the resulting solution increases by 5.0 c what will be the temperature change
Temperature remains the same as the amount of heat and the concentration remains the same..
When 100cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 hcl is mixed with 100 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 of NaOH the temperature remains the same. Here, the volume of the solution gets half .mass and heat released reduced by half.so, temperature remains the same as the concentration of the solution does not change.concentration of the solution is the amount of solute present in the given solution.
So, the temperature remains the same as 5C.We know this from calculating heat exchange using specific heat capacities.This process explains when two or more substances at different temperature are brought together to the environment they eventually reach the same temperature.
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a gas mixture of xe, ne, and ar has a total pressure of 12.20 atm. what is the mole fraction of xe if the partial pressures of ne and ar are 2.10 and 4.50 atm, respectively?
6.6 is the mole fraction of xe if the partial pressures of ne and ar are 2.10 and 4.50 atm, respectively.
Why is partial pressure called?The idea of partial pressure is driven by the fact that each individual gas contributes to the overall pressure in a given proportion, which corresponds to its partial pressure. In order to characterize all the pieces, it is essentially equivalent to taking a % or proportion of the whole.
Briefing:The total pressure is equal to the sum of the individual pressures, according to Dalton's law.
Ptotal = total pressure of gases = 12.20 atm
Pne = partial pressure of ne = 2.10 atm
Par = partial pressure of ar = 4.50 atm
Pxe = partial pressure of xe = ?
putting in the values we get:
12.20 = 2.10 + 4.50 + Pxe
Pxe = 5.6
We employ Dalton's law to determine the solution's vapor pressure, which is:
Ptotal = (Pxe + Xxe)
We are given:
Pxe = partial pressure of xenon = 5.6
Xxe = mole fraction of xenon = ?
Using the values in the aforementioned equation, we get:
12.20 = (5.60 * Xxe)
Xxe = 6.6
The mole fraction of Xe is 6.6 as a result.
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stion 1 of 10
What does a pH of 7 say about a solution?
O A. The solution is neutral.
B. The solution is at equilibrium.
OC. The solution is acidic.
O D. The solution is basic.
The correct answer is A. A pH of 7 say about a solution is The solution is neutral.
What is a pH of 7A pH of 7 indicates a neutral solution. The pH scale is a logarithmic scale that measures the acidity or alkalinity (basicity) of a solution. A pH value of 7 is considered neutral, which means the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) is equal to the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) in the solution. In other words, the solution is neither acidic nor basic.
Acidic solutions have a higher concentration of hydrogen ions (H+), which makes them more acidic. The lower the pH value, the higher the concentration of H+ ions and the stronger the acid.
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two absorption peaks located near 255 nm are separated by 0.03 nm. what minimum resolution must a grating have in order to separate these wavelengths?
The minimum resolution to separate these wavelengths is 250nm as they are located near 255n and 0.03nm.
Resolution also known as optical resolution or chiral resolution, or chiral activity refers to the activeness of the compound. It is the process in which two racemic mixtures are separated into its components.
Wavelength is known as the distance between two repeated waves of light. Wavelength is denoted by the symbol lambda (λ). It gives us the idea of the speed or pace of a particular light.
In the given condition, two absorption peaks - absorption spectroscopy is the absorption spectrum between which the light releases protons. Therefore, the wavelength to separate these two absorption peaks is 250nm in minimum.
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calculate the empirical formula for a compound that contains 40.0% carbon, 6.70% hydrogen, and 53.3% oxygen
The empirical formula for the hydrocarbon is CH₂O.
First, we assume that we have 100g of formaldehyde
According to the question we have 40.0% of carbon, 6.70% of hydrogen, and 53.3% of oxygen. With help of this, we calculate the moles of individual elements.
Moles of C = 40.0 g of C × 1 mol of C / 12.01 g C = 3.331 mol C
Moles of H = 6.7 g of H × 1 mol of H / 1.008 g H = 6.65 mol H
Moles of O = 53.3 g of O × 1 mol of O / 16.00 g O = 3.331 mol O
To get the molar ratio we divide all the moles by the smallest moles which are 3.331. From here the ratio comes out to be C: H: O = 1:2:1.
Thus the empirical formula is, CH₂O.
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how many grams of glucose (c6h12o6) are in 4.9 moles of glucose? report your answer to the nearest 1 g.
The answer is 0.0055 grams of glucose (c6h12o6) are in 4.9 moles of glucose
The formula weight is a quantity calculated in chemistry by multiplying each element's atomic weight (measured in atomic mass units) by the number of atoms it has in the formula, and then adding up the results. Sometimes referred to as equation weights, these relative weights computed from the chemical equation. This is how isotropically weighted averages are used to get the molar mass(of glucose) (average molecular weight). This differs from molecular mass, which is the weight of a single molecule made up of distinct isotopes.
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Calculate the mole fraction of the total ions in an aqueous solution prepared by dissolving 0.400 moles of caf2 in 850.0 g of water.
the mole fraction of the total ions in an aqueous solution prepared by dissolving 0.400 moles of caf2 in 850.0 g of water. is 0.00840 moles
The calculation of the mole fraction is as follow:
As we know that
Molar mass = Number of grams ÷ number of moles
Or
number of moles = Number of grams ÷ molar mass
from the question
Number of moles of CaI2 = 0.400
And, Molar mass of water = 18.0 g/mol
Now we can calculate the moles of water is
= 850.0 g ÷ 18.0 g/mol
= 47.22 mol
And, Total number of moles is
= 0.400 + 47.22
= 47.62
So, Mole fraction of CaI2 is
= 0.400 ÷ 47.62
= 0.00840 mole
hence, the mole fraction of the total ions in an aqueous solution prepared by dissolving 0.400 moles of caf2 in 850.0 g of water. is 0.00840 moles
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I need help with the table
But not the Lewis dot diagram part
The valence electrons and oxidation number and the total no. of dot is given below.:
a) Ca - 2 0 2
b) Ca⁺² - 0 + 2 0
c) Cl 7 0 7
c) Cl⁻ 8 -1 8
d) Li 1 0 1
e) Al³⁺ 3 +3 0
Valence electrons Oxidation number total number of dots
a) Ca 2 0 2
b) Ca⁺² 0 + 2 0
c) Cl 7 0 7
c) Cl⁻ 8 -1 8
d) Li 1 0 1
e) Al³⁺ 3 +3 0
Thus, the total number of valence electron , oxidation number and the total number of dots is given as:
a) a) Ca - 2 0 2
b) Ca⁺² - 0 + 2 0
c) Cl 7 0 7
c) Cl⁻ 8 -1 8
d) Li 1 0 1
e) Al³⁺ 3 +3 0
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5
Use this equation for the next question.
Mg(OH)2 + NaCl ® MgCl₂ + NaOH
Does it satisfy the Law of Conservation of Matter?
Yes
No
Answer:
Chemistry Secondary School answered Mg (OH)₂ + HCl→ MgCl₂ + H₂O balance it Answer 5.0 /5 6 Diabolical Answer: The answer will be; = Mg (OH)₂ + 2 HCl → MgCl₂ + 2 H₂O That's all. Find Chemistry textbook solutions? Class 12 Class 11 Class 10 Class 9 Class 8 Class 7 Class 6 Preeti Gupta - All In One Chemistry 11 3080 solutions
if you close a pressure cooker with the contents at 280k and 1 atm, what is the pressure when the contents are heated up to 406k ?
The new pressure will be 1.45atm.
Ideal gas equation gave a relation between pressure, temperature and volume. It can be expressed as:
PV=nRT
Where, P is pressure, V is volume and T is temperature
The given data:
[tex]T_{1}[/tex] = 280K
[tex]T_{2}[/tex]= 406K
[tex]P_{1}[/tex] = 1 atm
[tex]P_{2}[/tex] = ?
The amount of unknown pressure can be determined by using the formula:
P1/T1=P2/T2....(i)
Now, put the values of given data in above equation.
P2= P1T2/T1
P2=1×406K / 280
P2 = 1.45atm
Therefore, the new pressure will be 1.45atm
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boron has two isotopes; boron-10 and boron-11. which is more abundant, given that the atomic mass of boron is 10.81?
Given that boron has an atomic mass of 10.81 amu, which is closer to 11 than 10, boron-11 is more common. This indicates that boron-11 is more prevalent.
What is atomic mass ?The quantity of protons and neutrons in a specific element's nucleus is known as the atomic mass. This number of electrons in an object's nucleus is often indicated by its atomic number. It is an element's typical weight. The mass of the neutrons and protons can be added to determine the isotopes of an atom in an element.
Why do we use atomic mass?The term "atomic mass" refers to the weight of a molecule or atom. To determine the average weight of elements and macromolecules as well as to resolve stoichiometry issues, the number of protons is used.
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4) Complete the notation configuration for Neon.
Answer:
Explanation:
[He]2s²2p⁶
ridget performed an investigation to determine if a television set transformed electrical energy into other types of energy. She recorded her observations in a table. What statement best describes the results? Question Observation Does it transform into heat energy? Yes Does it transform into light energy? Yes Does it transform into sound energy? Yes Does it transform into energy of motion? No A television transforms electrical energy into heat and light energy. Electrical energy transforms into more than one type of energy. Sound energy is transformed from heat and light energy. You can transform electrical energy into energy of motion.
The statements that best describe Bridget's recorded observations are:
Does it transform into heat energy? YesDoes it transform into light energy? YesDoes it transform into sound energy? YesDoes it transform into the energy of motion? No1 A television is a device that converts electrical energy into heat and light energy.
2 Electrical energy may be converted into other types of energy.
3 Sound energy is created by combining heat and light energy.
4 Electrical energy may be converted into motion energy.
Energy transfer is the process of transferring energy from one system to another, such as by heat, work, or mass transfer.
Energy is required for living organisms to grow, breathe, reproduce, and move. Because energy cannot be created from a vacuum or a void, it must be transported via the biosphere. The sun is the principal source of energy for practically every ecosystem on Earth.
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Full Question:
Bridget performed an investigation to determine if a television set transformed electrical energy into other types of energy. She recorded her observations in a table. What statement best describes the results?
Question Observation
Does it transform into heat energy?
Does it transform into light energy?
Does it transform into sound energy?
Does it transform into energy of motion?
Which missing item would complete this alpha decay reaction?
The missing item which would complete this alpha decay reaction is: C. ²⁵³Fm₉₈.
The types of radioactive decay.In Science, there are three (3) main types of radioactive decay and these include the following:
Beta decayGamma decayAlpha decayWhat is an alpha decay?An alpha decay can be defined as a type of radioactive decay in which the atomic nucleus of a radioactive element emits an alpha particle, thereby, producing chemical elements that have different atomic nucleus.
During an alpha decay, a radioactive element such as fermium (Fe) with a mass number of 257 would be decreased by four (4) while its atomic number (number of protons) of 100 is decreased by two (2), to produce an isotope and an atom of Helium (⁴He₂), as illustrated in the chemical reaction below:
²⁵⁷Fe₁₀₀ ----> ²⁵³Fm₉₈ + ⁴He₂
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Which of the following diagram shows a pure substance that is composed of only individual atoms and not molecules?
liquid water
(H₂O)
hydrogen gas
(H₂)
carbon dioxide gas
(CO₂)
argon gas
(Ar)
Answer:
Argon Gas
Explanation:
:)
3. All chemical reactions, whether they are endothermic or exothermic, must reach a particular activation energy to get started.
Describe the difference between reactions that have high activation energy and reactions that have low activation energy
Explanation:
for reactions to occur, the reactants must've reach a certain amount of energy for collisions to occur. hence, if a reaction has a lower activation energy, this energy can be reached sooner therefore, reaction would occur faster.
how many grams of silver chromate will precipitate when 150 ml of .500 m silver nitrate is added to 100 ml of .400 potassium chromate
There is 12.4g of silver chromate.
Almost all alkali metal compounds and nitrates are soluble, but most silver compounds are not. Therefore, when the soluble salts silver nitrate and sodium chromate are mixed, insoluble silver chromate is formed and precipitated. This method involves titrating the chloride ion concentration in a solution with silver nitrate. A silver chloride precipitate forms when the silver nitrate solution is slowly added.
The endpoint of the titration is when all chloride ions have precipitated. Silver chromate precipitates as a brick-red precipitate from aqueous solutions. This reaction is also called a precipitation reaction. A precipitate is an insoluble solid that forms when solutions are mixed. For precipitation titrations with silver nitrate, a suitable indicator indicates the end point of the titration by a color change when there is excess Ag+ in the solution.
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Which model is useful in showing the reactivity of potassium?
Neither model is able to show the reactivity of potassium.
Model 1 because it shows an electron in the 4s orbital.
Model 2 because it shows an electron in the outermost ring.
Both models because each shows an electron in the outermost shell.
Both models are useful to describe the reactvity of potassium because each shows an electron in the outermost shell.
What are the valence electrons?Valence electrons can be described as the s and p electrons in the outermost shell while the electrons present in the inner shell are called core electrons.
Valence electrons can be all arranged in different shells and are negatively charged particles. These electrons are responsible for chemical interaction between atoms and the formation of chemical bonds.
Only the electrons present in the outermost shell can contribute in the formation of a chemical bond and decide the reactvity of atom such type of electrons is called valence electrons.
The reactivity in potassium can be seen due to one electron present in the valence shell.
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Electronic configuration An element's atomic number tells you the number of _______________ in the nucleus. The number of in an atom is equal to the number of In the first shell of an atom there are shell there are_______ electrons. In the third shell there are electrons. electrons. In the second
Answer:
Electronic configuration An element's atomic number tells you the number of protons in the nucleus. The number of protons in an atom is equal to the number of electrons. In the first shell of an atom there are 2 electrons. In the third shell there are 18 electrons.
