1. Based on the research question:
the independent variable is light colorthe dependent variable is plant growth2. The investigation will be done over a period of a month where light seedlings are exposed to the light of different colors and their growth rate compared against a control.
What are variables in research?Variables in research refer to the factors that are controlled and that can be changed or altered by the researcher in order to study the effect of these factors on the topic under research.
There are three types of variables in research:
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describe the one-gene, one polypeptide hypothesis and list some of the evidence in favor of it.
Genes specify the structure of enzymes, and each gene encodes the structure of one enzyme .
What are many genes accounted for?Many genes accounted for single polypeptide chains of a protein comprised of multiple chains. It states that the function of an individual gene is to made the production of a specific enzyme.
Scientist name Beadle and Tatum proposed this after demonstrating the relationship between genes and enzymes through experiments with Neurospora, which was mutated and grown on different growth mediums.
Hence, one gene-one polypeptide hypothesis states that one gene controls the production of only one polypeptide chain of an enzyme molecule.
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Please type the correct vocab word in the blank.
The description of the terms in the word bank are:
In this model of galaxy creation, clouds of gas collapse around denser areas - Inside-out modelgalaxies that have the most gas and dust and the youngest stars: Irregular galaxies.the leftover core of a massive star after a supernova that is so dense that not even light can escape it: * black holeonly about 5% of the matter in our universe is ordinary matter called: baryonic matterWhat are galaxies?Galaxies are huge collections of gas, dust, and billions of stars as well as their solar systems, that are all held together by gravitational forces of attraction.
There are three types of galaxies: elliptical, spiral and irregular agalxies
The Milky Way galaxy is a spiral galaxy and is the galaxy where our solar system is found.
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After analyzing the diagram and paragraph, how would you describe the differences and similanties between Molecule 1 and Molecule 2?
All molecules are not compounds. All compounds are molecules.
What is molecules?A molecule of an element and a molecule of a compound differ only in that an element's molecule has same atom composition. For instance, there are one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms in a molecule of water (a compound). However, both atoms in an elemental molecule of oxygen (oxygen) are oxygen.Protons, neutrons, and electrons make up an atom, the smallest unit of matter. The combination of two or more atoms forms molecules. Three elements are carbon, oxygen, and gold. An element is a substance that has only one sort of atom.Both molecules and compounds are composed of numerous atoms that are ionically bonded to one another chemically.To learn more about molecules refer to:
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Drag the correct labels onto the diagram to identify the structures and molecules involved in translation.
In the diagram, a represents mRNA, b represents the small subunit of the ribosome, c represents the large subunit of the ribosome, d represents an amino acid, e represents tRNA, and f represents the anticodon that represents the codon on the mRNA. This depicts the translation process.
What are the requirements for the translation?Translation is the process by which a polypeptide chain is formed by reading the mRNA and expressing the gene that is present on the DNA. To carry out this process, mRNA, tRNA, amino acids, small and large units of ribosomes, etc. are required. The ribosome's small subunit is attached to the mRNA, and tRNA gains access to the mRNA and carries out the process of polypeptide chain synthesis.
Hence in the diagram, a is mRNA, b is the small subunit of the ribosome, c is the large subunit, d is an amino acid, e is tRNA, and f is an anticodon.
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A scientist is attempting to provide support for the hypothesis that RNA was the first genetic material. Which of the following would be a workable alternate hypothesis?
(A) RNA, like DNA, is a carrier of genetic information and contains the nitrogen bases adenine, guanine, and cytosine.
(B) RNA can be observed to self-replicate without the assistance of proteins, while DNA always requires protein-based enzymes to replicate.
(C) RNA exists in both single-stranded and double-stranded configurations; however, it is less stable compared with DNA.
(D) Transfer RNA and ribosomal RNA are products of transcription, but they are not translated as is mRNA.
If a scientist is attempting to provide support for the hypothesis that RNA was the first genetic material, then RNA can be observed to self-replicate without the assistance of proteins, while DNA always requires protein-based enzymes to replicate would be a workable alternate hypothesis (Option B).
What are the functions of RNA?The functions of RNA are not limited to transporting the genetic material from DNA to protein but also act as catalytic agents in some situations, which are called ribozymes, in addition to the reservoir of genetic information for viruses.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the functions of RNA are not limited to transport genetic information.
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Safety has been called a “dynamic non-event” because when humans are in a potentially hazardous environment:
Safety has been called a “dynamic non-event” because when humans are in a potentially hazardous environment, it takes significant work to ensure nothing bad happens.
What is safety?Safety is described as the state of being "safe", the condition of being protected from harm or other danger. Safety can also refer to the control of recognized hazards in order to achieve an acceptable level of risk.
Therefore safety has been described as a "dynamic non-event because in order for this "non-event" of nothing going wrong to occur, a lot of things must be done right.
Hence our best answer is that it takes significant work to ensure that nothing bad happens. When things go right in a potentially hazardous environment, nothing bad happens.
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Which of the following
allows enormous lengths of
DNA to supercoil inside of a
nucleus of a cell?
A. ribosomes
B. histone proteins this
C. mitochondria
Answer:
histone proteins
Explanation:
In the accompanying image, a nucleotide is indicated by the letter _____.
Nucleotide is the image that is present in the DNA structure. There are 4 nucleotide of DNA. There are 4 bases that are A,T,C and G. The letter that represents the nucleotide is B.
What is the bond present in the nucleotide ?The bonds that are present in the nucleotide are adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine.
The letter that is representing the letter B in the image is the nucleotide. Nucleotide that are present in the structure are adenine and thymine that is the double hydrogen bonds, cytosine and guanine are joined together by three triple bonds.
The nucleotide that are made up by sugar that is deoxyribose sugar, phosphate molecule and nitrogenous bases.
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The graph presents three activation energy profiles for a chemical reaction (the hydrolysis of sucrose): an uncatalyzed reaction, and the same reaction catalyzed by two different enzymes. Activation Energy -Uncatalyzed -Enzyme A -Enzyme B Energy C₂H2O,, + H₂O 2CH2O Reaction Progress Rank these by reaction rate, as measured by the rate of product formation per unit time, from lowest reaction rate to highest reaction rate. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them. View Available Hint(s) Reset Help Reset Help reaction catalyzed by enzyme A reaction catalyzed by enzyme uncatalyzed reaction lowest reaction rate highest reaction rate Submit
This shows the graph of enzyme catalysis. The uncatalyzed reaction is the slowest of the three, followed by the second catalyzed by enzyme A and the third by enzyme B. The fastest reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme B.
What is the catalysis of the enzyme?
The enzyme decreases the rate of activation of the substrate so that the product is formed faster, and due to this process, the enzyme is called the catalyst of the biological system. The uncatalyzed reaction has a high activation rate and requires a lot of energy to make the product. So it is the slowest one. The enzyme A lowers the rate of activation but still requires more energy than B. The enzyme B lowers the activation energy and speeds product formation.
Hence, the slowest reaction is uncatalyzed, followed by enzyme A, and then enzyme B, which is the fastest reaction.
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Why would a pedigree help determine if a trait is X-linked?
Responses
Pedigrees are not useful tools for determining X-linked inheritance.
It would show which sex in a family is affected, unaffected, and the carrier for a trait.
It can determine all the possible genotypes for a trait that can result from a cross between two parents.
It can measure how likely an X-linked trait is to be inherited.
A pedigree may help determine if a trait is X-linked since it can measure how likely an X-linked trait is to be inherited (Option D).
What is a genetic pedigree?A genetic pedigree is a diagram used in genetics to evidence the inheritance pattern of a given trait, which may or not be associated with sex chromosomes such as the X chromosome.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that a genetic pedigree is used in order to show the inheritance pattern of a condition and it may or not be related to the sex chromosomes.
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How does blood perform the function of regulation in the body?
One of the key functions of blood is regulation. The blood helps to maintain the internal conditions within the body when external conditions outside of the body change or when other factors like illness or exercise are affecting the body. The process of thermoregulation maintains optimum body temperature.
What is endocytosis?
O the energy-using process in which macromolecules are taken into the cell
O the process in which ions are transported from extracellular fluid to the cell
O the process in which molecules move from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration
O the energy-using process in which macromolecules secreted by the cell are released
Answer: a
Explanation:
Which of the following statements best explains the processes of passive and active transport?
Passive transport is the net movement of substances down a concentration gradient that requires metabolic energy. Active transport is the movement of substances up a concentration gradient that does not require energy.
Passive transport is the net movement of substances down a concentration gradient that does not require metabolic energy. Active transport is the movement of substances against a concentration gradient that requires energy.
Passive transport is the net movement of substances against a concentration gradient that requires metabolic energy. Active transport is the movement of substances down a concentration gradient that does not require metabolic energy.
Passive transport is the net movement of substances against a concentration gradient that does not require metabolic energy. Active transport is the movement of substances down a concentration gradient that requires energy.
Passive transport is the net movement of substances down a concentration gradient that does not require metabolic energy. Active transport is the movement of substances against a concentration gradient that requires energy. Option 2.
Passive and active transportsMaterials are constantly moving in and out of the cell. This movement of materials is otherwise known as cell transport.
The transport of materials in and out of the cell could be:
PassiveActivePassive transport is the movement of materials without the involvement of energy. The movement of materials is often down their concentration gradients.
One major way through which substances are passively moved in and out of cells is diffusion. The diffusion could be a simple one or a facilitated one that involves the assistance of carrier molecules.
Active transport, on the other hand, is the movement of materials in and out of cells with the assistance of energy, usually in the form of ATP. The movement of materials in active transport is mostly against their concentration gradients.
Examples of active transport found in cells include phagocytosis, movement of ions, etc.
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photophosphorylation in photosynthesis is most similar to which of the following processes associated with cellular respiration?
Photophosphorylation in photosynthesis is most similar to the process of the electron transport chain associated with cellular respiration.
What is aerobic respiration?Aerobic respiration is the process by which the body breaks down large food molecules to produce energy in the form of ATP in the presence of oxygen.
In aerobic respiration, electrons are transferred to oxygen as the final electron acceptor.
Aerobic respiration occurs in animals.
Aerobic respiration consists of the following steps:
glycolysis - in this process glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvatepyruvate oxidation - in this process, pyruvate is oxidized to acetyl CoAcitric acid cycle - acetyl CoA is used to produce reducing equivalents., NADH and FADH₂ electron transport chain - electrons are transferred to oxygen by the reducing equivalents., NADH and FADH₂Learn more about aerobic respiration at: https://brainly.com/question/2533739
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2. The major reason humans have negatively affected the environment is
A. did not pass laws to protect environment.
B. use of chemicals.
C. converting forest into agricultural land.
D. industrial revolution.
C
The option (B) is correct. Use of chemicals have negatively affected the environment.
What do you mean by environment?The natural environment or natural world encompasses all living and non-living things occurring naturally, meaning in this case not artificial. The term is most often applied to the Earth or some parts of Earth.
Moreover, environment can be defined as a sum total of all the living and non-living elements and their effects that influence human life. While all living or biotic elements are animals, plants, forests, fisheries, and birds, non-living or abiotic elements include water, land, sunlight, rocks, and air.
Therefore, our environment provides a wide range of benefits, such as the air we breathe, the food we eat and the water we drink, as well as the many materials needed in our homes, at work and for leisure activities.
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Match the event with the most appropriate term.
different species of shrimp evolving on either side of the Isthmus of Panama
a flowering plant that produces a polyploid cell that can self-fertilize and produce a new species
hard shells that allow reptiles to lay eggs on land
the physical disparity in size between male and female gorillas
more white-coated hares appeared compared to brown-coated hares during an ice age
The Match of the event with the most appropriate term are:
Allopatric speciation- different species of shrimp evolving on either side of the Isthmus of PanamaSympatric speciation- a flowering plant that produces a polyploid cell that can self-fertilize and produce a new speciesBalanced polymorphism- hard shells that allow reptiles to lay eggs on landKey innovation - the physical disparity in size between male and female gorillasDirectional selection -more white-coated hares appeared compared to brown-coated hares during an ice ageWhat is directional selection?When those with qualities that are on one side of the population's mean survive longer or reproduce more than those on the other, this is known as directional selection. It has been repeatedly shown in wild populations using both experimental and observational methods.
Due to the fact that people who possess both forms of a gene are more likely to survive than people who only have two copies of one version, balanced polymorphism occurs when two distinct versions of a gene are kept in a population of organisms.
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May I have help on This question please I’ll give you brainliest no links or I will report you
Option B. Pour the drinks into the plain paper cups as blind trials.
A sort of scientific trial wherein neither the contributors nor the researcher is aware of which remedy or intervention participants are receiving till the clinical trial is over. This makes the consequences of the study much less probably to be biased. The blind trials is a test of belief and verbal exchange. a group is blindfolded and then led around the path beneath the instruction of one or more people.
A blind trial examination is one in which neither the individuals nor the experimenters recognize who's receiving a particular treatment. This manner is applied to prevent bias in studies results. Double-blind research is especially beneficial for stopping bias because of the call for traits or the placebo impact.
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what are the three general classes of neurons that correspond to the three major aspects of nervous system function? check all that apply.
Motor neurons that send signals predominantly to muscle and gland cells, Interneurons that lie between, and interconnect the incoming sensory pathways and the outgoing motor pathways of the CNS, and Sensory neurons that are specialized to detect stimuli such as light, heat, pressure, and chemicals, and transmit information about them to the CNS, are the three general classes of neurons that correspond to the three major aspects of nervous system function. The correct options are 1, 3, and 4.
What are the three general classes of neurons?Generally, neurons considered the fundamental unit of receiving and sending information in the nervous system, do this efficiently by delivering this information over long distances. There are neurons present in the brain too.
The answer is not option 5, as ependymal cells are non-neuronal cells, they function in brain metabolism.
The answer is also not option 2, as schwann cells are are non-neuronal cells too. In summary, from the question, neurons, aside from the neurons in the brain, we have three types which are: sensory, motor, and interneuron.
Missing parts:
What are the three general classes of neurons that correspond to the three major aspects of nervous system function? Check all that apply.
1. Motor neurons that send signals predominantly to muscle and gland cells.
2. Schwann cells that envelop nerve fibers of the PNS.
3. Interneurons that lie between, and interconnect the incoming sensory pathways and the outgoing motor pathways of the CNS.
4. Sensory neurons that are specialized to detect stimuli such as light, heat, pressure, and chemicals, and transmit information about them to the CNS.
5. Ependymal cells that produce cerebral spinal fluid.
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Order the evolutionary events based on time.
0s:
10-35 S:
10-10 S:
At 0s big bang occurs,
At 10⁻³⁵ s inflation occurs
At 10 ⁻¹⁰ s elementary particles form.
What does evolution in biology mean?The process of evolution causes a population's genetic makeup to change over time. A new species, altered genes, and novel traits can arise as a result of an organism's adaptations to its environment.
We frequently envision a gradual change when we hear the word "evolution." Evolutionary changes, however, are not made in an effort to achieve perfection or even a specific goal.
a branch of biology that studies how organisms evolve and how their patterns change over time, especially in relation to the diversity of organisms that make up the world. One of the greatest scientific puzzles is how species come to be.
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Consider a signaling protein that is only made up of one SH2 domain and two SH3 domains. This protein is most likely:_____.
A. a monomeric G protein.
B. a guanine nucleotide exchange factor.
C. a kinase associated with receptor tyrosine kinase signaling.
D. an adaptor protein.
E. a negative regulator of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling.
Consider a signaling protein that is only made up of one SH2 domain and two SH3 domains. This protein is most likely to be a monomeric G protein.
What is monomeric G protein?Monomeric G-proteins, also known as small GTPases, act as biological hubs that are triggered by extracellular inputs and control the subsequent signaling processes that control various cellular reactions.
The fact that various clinical disorders, such as allergic asthma, are connected to disrupted GTPase signaling, which reflects the significance of these pathways.
The function of monomeric G-proteins and their effectors in airway (patho)physiology has thus received attention. In this article, we discuss our current understanding of the control and roles of Ras and Rho GTPase signaling in the pulmonary system under healthy and pathological circumstances.
Therefore, Consider a signaling protein that is only made up of one SH2 domain and two SH3 domains. This protein is most likely to be a monomeric G protein.
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Which of the following statements best helps justify the inclusion of group 2 as one of the controls in the experiment?
A) I will show whether the changes observed in group 1 depend on the metabolic activity of Boll bacteria
B) will show whether the changes observed in group 1 depend on the type of plants used in the experiment.
C) It will show the average growth rate of seedings that are maintained in a nonsterile environment
D) I will show the changes that occur in the roots of seedlings following an infection by soll bacteria.
The statement that best help to justify the inclusion of group 2 as one of the controls in the experiment is:
will show whether the changes observed in group 1 depend on the metabolic activity of Boll bacteria: option A.What are controls in an experiment?Controls are variables or factors introduced in a study that does not receive the treatment given to the study group.
The controls in an experiment are kept at a constant or neutral state.
Controls are added in order to eliminate bias in the results of the experiment.
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Which human activity would most likely decrease the amount of carbon in the atmosphere?
A. clearing forests
B. heating coal
C. burning wood
D. planting trees
Answer:
[tex]\huge\boxed{\sf Option\ D.}[/tex]
Explanation:
Trees absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen. In this case, carbon dioxide in the atmosphere decreases and oxygen in the atmosphere increases.
Hence, we should plant more trees in order to decrease the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere which is the main cause of global warming.
[tex]\rule[225]{225}{2}[/tex]
The fourth option.
Also known as "D."
I chose this option because as trees grow, they remove Carbon Dioxide from the atmosphere. Carbon Dioxide is used in a process called "Photosynthesis" in which plants make there own food using Carbon Dioxide, sunlight, nutrients from the soil, water, etc.
The product produced would be Glucose and Oxygen.
Since Carbon Dioxide would be taken from the plants to make food and breathe, the level of Carbon in the atmosphere would definitely decrease!
1. how does glycolysis connect to other metabolic paths? is it isolated? how many reactions take place in glycolysis? which are irreversible? what does this mean?
1. Glycolysis is connected to the breakdown and synthesis of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids such as hexosamine biosynthesis, oxidative pentose phosphate pathway, serine biosynthesis, and tricarboxylic acid.
2. Glycolysis is not isolated but is connected to other metabolic pathways.
3. There are ten reaction steps in glycolysis.
4. The irreversible reactions of glycolysis are the reactions catalyzed by the enzymes hexokinase; phosphofructokinase; pyruvate kinase.
5. The term irreversible means that the reaction can only proceed in the formation of products but the products cannot form the substrates.
What is glycolysis?Glycolysis is the process by which glucose molecules are broken down to produce two pyruvate molecules.
The reactions of glycolysis are 10 enzyme-catalyzed reactions. During the reaction steps of glycolysis, the product of one reaction step becomes the substrate of the next step,
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How is the nitrogen cycle important to humans?
A.It produces free nitrogen that humans can breathe.
B.It converts nitrogen into a form that humans can obtain by eating other organisms.
C. It produces nitrogen compounds that humans can breathe.
D. It converts nitrogen into a form that humans can obtain by absorbing it through their skin.
The nitrogen cycle is important to humans in the following way: it converts nitrogen into a form that humans can obtain by eating other organisms (option B).
What is the nitrogen cycle?Nitrogen cycle is the natural circulation of nitrogen in a series of processes by which nitrogen and its compounds are interconverted in the environment and in living organisms, including nitrogen fixation and decomposition.
During the nitrogen cycle, atmospheric nitrogen is converted to nitrogen oxides by lightning and deposited in the soil by rain, where it is assimilated by plants and either eaten by animals (and returned as faeces) or decomposed back to elemental nitrogen by bacteria.
The usable form of nitrogen that is assimilated by plants becomes accessible to humans when they consume the plants, hence, depicting the importance of the nitrogen cycle.
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Which of these is a chemical
change?
A. paper burning
B. salt disolving
C. water boiling
"Paper Burning"
Paper burning is a chemical change because when you burn paper, a new chemical substance, ash, is being formed. These changes are irreversable.
Ash cannot return back to paper state.
Salt dissolving is a physical change. This is because no chemical reaction occurs.
Water boiling is also a physical change. Just like mentioned above, no chemical reaction or chemical substance is being formed. Water turns into a gaseous state, which is reversable (according to the water cycle, a whole different chapter.)
According to the graph in the figure, B cells will first produce effector cells between 0 and 4 days. This is why an antibody test for COVID-19 can be done so early after infection.
According to the graph in the figure, B cells will first produce effector cells between 0 and 4 days. This is why an antibody test for COVID-19 can be done so early after infection. This is a false statement.
What is a B cell?Immune cells are those cells that protect the body from foreign harmful pathogens by different methods, such as cell-mediated immunity, innate immunity, etc. After the attack of COVID, the body first identifies it and activates the T cell and then the B cell. As shown in the graph, the B cell divides and produces antibodies against the COVID, and antibody production increases after 1 week, nearly on the 14th day. So it takes time, and no antibody production begins with the initial infection.
Hence, antibody production cannot occur at the start of a COVID infection. This is a false
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Which of the following statements about insulin or it’s effects on the body are true?
What advantage do eyes in front of the head have?
Better resolution
Wider field of view
Better contrast detection
Better depth perception
Suppose that a portion of double-stranded DNA in the middle of a large gene is being transcribed by an RNA polymerase. As the polymerase moves through the sequence of six bases shown in the diagram below, what is the corresponding sequence of bases in the RNA that is produced?
Suppose that a portion of double-stranded DNA in t
Enter the sequence of bases as capital letters with no spaces and no punctuation. Begin with the first base added to the growing RNA strand, and end with the last base added.
The gene is transcribed by the RNA polymerase to form the mRNA, and the synthesis is from the 5' to the 3'. When the gene is transcribed, the sequence is 5' UGAGCC 3'. This is done by the transcription.
What is transcription and mRNA formation?
The transcription starts from the 5' to the 3' direction with the help of RNA polymerase by adding nucleotides. As the template's starting sequence is 5' GGCTCA 3', the RNA polymerase reads the strand from last and makes the strand 5' UGAGCC 3'. The protein is then formed from this mRNA.
Hence, the sequence is 5' "UGAGCC" 3' from the DNA template 5' GGCTCA 3'.
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What features does Platyhelminthes and Nematodes have that makes it different from the other branches of the tree? Unique features. It’s a separate branch for some reasons, what are they?
The feature that Platyhelminthes and Nematodes have that makes it different from the other branches of the tree are
Presence of flame cells. Ladder-like nervous system. Presence of parenchyma in the body cavityPlatyhelminthes and Nematodes are in a separate branch because of both of them have bilateral symmetry. They also have a central nervous system.
What is the nervous system?The nervous system is described as a highly complex part of an animal that coordinates its actions and sensory information by transmitting signals to and from different parts of its body.
The functions of the nervous system in any organism includ ethe following:\
They Control the body's internal environment to maintain 'homeostasis'They are in charge of Programming of spinal cord reflexes. The nervous system is used in Memory and learningVoluntary control of movementLearn more about the nervous system at: https://brainly.com/question/869589#
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