Nuclear decay is a radioactive decay where energy is released by unstable nuclei. After thorium undergoes decay, actinium-228 will be the final product. Thus, option a is correct.
What is the alpha and beta decay?Alpha radioactive decay is the loss of two protons and neutrons from the element that results in a decrease of the atomic mass by 4 and atomic number of the element by two.
²³² Th₉₀ → ²²⁸Ra₈₈ + ⁴α₂
Beta radioactive decay is the increase of the atomic number but not the atomic mass of the element.
²²⁸Ra₈₈ → ²²⁸Ac⁸⁹ + β⁻
Therefore, option a. actinium-228 is the final product of the decay.
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Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was, In the initial sequence of thorium-232 decay, an alpha particle is emitted followed by a beta particle. What is the product of these two decay steps?
²³² Th → α particle + β particle + ?
actinium-228radium-228francium-228thorium-228the correct answer differs from these possibilities500. ml of a solution containing 1. 5 m nh3(aq) is mixed with 500. ml of a solution containing 0. 50m of hcl(aq). what is the ph of the final solution? (kb(nh3) = 1. 8 x 10-5)
The pH of the solution is determined by the hydrogen ion concentration. The pH of the solution with 1.5 M ammonia and 0.50 M hydrochloric acid is 8.77.
What is pH?The potential of the hydrogen ion in the solution is called pH which determines the basicity and acidity of the solution.
Given,
The molar concentration of 500 mL ammonia = 1.5 M
The molar concentration of 500 mL hydrochloric acid = 0.50 M
Kb (NH₃) = 1. 8 x 10⁻⁵
First, pOH is calculated as,
pOH = pKb + log [NH₃][HCl]
= - log 1. 8 x 10⁻⁵ + log [1.5][0.50]
= - log 1. 8 x 10⁻⁵ + log [3]
= 4.744 + 0.477
= 5.221
Now, pH is calculated from pOH as,
pH = 14 - pOH
= 14 - 5.221
= 8.77
Therefore, 8.77 is the pH.
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If an ideal solution contains 3. 50 mol of a non-volatile solute and 15. 8 mol of solvent, and it has a vapor pressure of 22. 6 torr, what is the vapor pressure of the pure solvent (in torr)?
The vapour pressure of the solvent is 28.25 torr.
Raoult's law is a physical chemistry relationship with consequences for thermodynamics. The theory, put out by French chemist François-Marie Raoult in 1887, asserts that the partial pressure of each component of an ideal mixture of liquids is equal to the vapor pressure of the pure component (liquid or solid) multiplied by its mole fraction in the mixture. As a result, the mole fraction of the solute in the solution is equal to the relative decrease in vapor pressure of a diluted solution of a nonvolatile solute.
According to Raoult's law, p = p⁰ × x
Where,
p = partial vapour pressure of the solvent
p⁰ = vapour pressure of the solvent
x = mole fraction of solvent
The mole fraction of the pure solvent = 15 .8 /19.3
= 0.81
Substitute values in the above expression,
p = p⁰ × x
22.6 = p⁰ × 0.8
p⁰ = 28.25 torr
Therefore, the vapour pressure of the solvent is 28.25 torr.
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2 no2(g) <—> n2o4(g) if the partial pressure of each gas is set a 5. 0 atm at 25°c, is the system at equilibrium?
Yes the system is at equilibrium if reactants and products are at equilibrium at 10⁻³ < K <10³.\
Chemical Equilibrium:When opposing reactions are happening at the same pace, chemical equilibrium happens.
[tex]N_2O_4 (g)[/tex] → [tex]2 NO _2(g)[/tex]
We represent the system's equation with a double arrow since the forward and reverse processes are both active in an equilibrium state.
Forward Reaction: Rate Law:
[tex]N_2O_4(g)[/tex] → [tex]2 NO_2 (g)[/tex] Rate = [tex]k_f [N_2O_4][/tex]
Reverse Reaction: Rate Law:
[tex]2 NO_2 (g)[/tex] → [tex]N_2O_4(g)[/tex] Rate = [tex]k_f [NO_2]^2[/tex]
Therefore at equilibrium;
[tex]Rate_f=Rate_r\\[/tex]
[tex]k_f[N_O_4] = k_r[NO_2]^2[/tex]
It becomes:
[tex]\frac{k_f}{k_r} = \frac{[NO_2]^2}{[N_2O_4]} \\[/tex]
[tex]K_e_q = \frac{k_f}{k_r} = \frac{[NO_2]^2}{[N_2O_4]} = a constant[/tex]
The reciprocal of the equilibrium constant of the forward reaction is the equilibrium constant of a reaction moving in the opposite direction.
The reaction is said to have a large amount of both reactants and products at equilibrium at 10⁻³ < K <10³.
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Choose the molecules that contains sphingosine.
a. sphingomyelins molecule
b. molecule
c. molecule
d. a phosphatidylcholine
Answer:
a phosphatidylcholine
The molecule that contains sphingosine is a phosphatidylcholine compound.
What is a compound?
Compound is defined as a chemical substance made up of identical molecules containing atoms from more than one type of chemical element.
Molecule consisting atoms of only one element is not called compound.It is transformed into new substances during chemical reactions. There are four major types of compounds depending on chemical bonding present in them.They are:
1)Molecular compounds where in atoms are joined by covalent bonds.
2) ionic compounds where atoms are joined by ionic bond.
3)Inter-metallic compounds where atoms are held by metallic bonds
4) co-ordination complexes where atoms are held by co-ordinate bonds.
They have a unique chemical structure held together by chemical bonds Compounds have different properties as those of elements because when a compound is formed the properties of the substance are totally altered.
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Which method is the most effective for measuring hydration status before and after exercise?
Urine color is the most effective method for measuring hydration status before and after exercise
Urine color is yellow color from a pigment called urochrome or urobilin. Darker pee contains less fluid, whereas lighter urine is more diluted. Dehydration may be indicated by very black urine. Don't worry if your urine doesn't match the color scheme.
Normal urine color is a pale yellow, however light amber is also acceptable. If your pee appears dark amber, you may be dehydrated and should drink additional water to compensate. Urine naturally contains yellow pigments known as urobilin or urochrome. The darker the pee, the more concentrated it is. Dehydration is the most common cause of dark urine color
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Pick the word that best completes the following sentence. A
mixture is a mixture in which the composition is
uniform throughout the mixture.
a homogeneous
b heterogeneous
C compound
In the malate–aspartate shuttle, electrons are transferred from _____________ to form malate.
In the malate–aspartate shuttle, electrons are transferred from oxaloacetate to form malate.
A crucial mechanism employed by mitochondria, the malate-aspartate shuttle system, also known as the malate shuttle, enables electrons to pass through the impermeable membrane separating the cytosol as well as the mitochondrial matrix. Glycolysis produces the electrons which are required for oxidative phosphorylation.
The liver, heart, as well as kidney, include the malate-aspartate shuttle, which produces about three molecules of ATP for every cytosolic NADH molecule. Under aerobic conditions, it constitutes quantitatively the most significant shuttle for such reoxidation of cytosolic NADH in vertebrate tissues.
Therefore, In the malate–aspartate shuttle, electrons are transferred from oxaloacetate to form malate.
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What is the molarity of nickel ii chloride at 0.500 liters with 1 mole of nickel ii chloride solution?
Answer:
Molarity = 2 M
Explanation:
The molarity can be found using the molarity ratio:
Molarity = moles / volume (L)
You can plug the given moles and volume into the ratio and solve.
Molarity = moles / volume
Molarity = 1 mole / 0.500 L
Molarity = 2 M
Mehtyl alcohol is called wood spirit. Its molecular formula is CH3OH. Calculate the number of moles that would contain 2.5*10^21 molecules of this compound.
The 2.5 x 10²¹ molecules of CH₃OH have 0.00415 moles.
What is the mole concept?The Mole concept is used to express the amount of substance conveniently. A mole is defined as the amount of substance that contains exactly 6.022 x 10²³ elementary particles of the given substance. Here, elementary particles refer to atoms, molecules, or ions.This fixed number 6.022 x 10²³ is known as Avogadro Number and is denoted by [tex]N_A[/tex]How to calculate the number of moles?The number of moles is given by
[tex]n=\frac{m}{M}[/tex]
When given mass = molar mass of a substance, then no of moles is equal to 1 which is equivalent to 6.022 x 10²³.
We also know,
1 mole has 6.022 x 10²³ molecules of CH₃OH
According to the mole concept,
6.022 x 10²³ molecules of CH₃OH is equal to 1 mole
2.5 x 10²¹molecules of CH₃OH is equal to [tex]\frac{2.5\times10^2^1}{6.022 \times 10^2^3}[/tex] moles
Thus, 2.5 x 10²¹molecules of CH₃OH are equal to 4.15 x 10⁻³ moles or 0.00415 moles
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How many moles of electrons are required to produce 99. 9 g of aluminum metal from a sample of molten aluminum fluoride?
299.7 moles of electrons are required to produce 99. 9 g of aluminum metal from a sample of molten aluminum fluoride.
Calculation,
The production of aluminium metal is given as,
[tex]Al^{+3} + 3e^{-}[/tex]→ [tex]Al[/tex]
The 3 moles of electrons require to produce 1 gm of atom of aluminium ( weight = 27 ) solution fluoride.
The number of moles of electrons are required to produce 99. 9 g of aluminum metal from a sample of molten aluminum fluoride = 3mol×99.9g/1g
The number of moles of electrons are required to produce 99. 9 g of aluminum metal from a sample of molten aluminum fluoride = 299.7 moles
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Through which conversion is energy released? adp to atp atp to adp nadp to nadph co2 and h2o to c6h12o6 and o2
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Answer:
B) ATP to ADP
Explanation:
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Emphysema can lead to which acid/base disturbance? What would be the compensation?
Emphysema can lead to respiratory acidosis acid/base disturbance.The compensated respiratory acidosis is typically the result of the chronic condition , the slow nature of onset giving the kidney time to compensate.
If the primary acid-base disorder is from respiratory , then the kidneys will compensate. If the primary acid-base disorder is from metabolic cause, then the lungs will compensate.The respiratory compensation can be begin within minutes and becomes maximal in 12-24 hours
The respiratory acidosis occurs when breathing out does not get of enough [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] . The increased [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] that remains results in overly acidic blood. This can results from respiratory problems.
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The interval shown here represents a _____.
1.) strong acid
2.) weak acid
3.) weak base
4.) strong base
The given pH scale range from [tex]0-3[/tex] indicates the strong acid.
The pH scale, which ranges from [tex]0 -14[/tex], was developed by Sorensen to quantitatively define the strength of an acid and a base.
A pH value indicates the amounts of hydrogen ions and, hydroxide ions present. The negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration is referred to as pH and is represented by:
[tex]pH = -log [H^{+} ][/tex]
For acids, the pH value is always less than [tex]7[/tex].
For bases, the pH value is always more than [tex]7[/tex].
For neutral solution, pH value is equal to [tex]7[/tex].
Thus, for the provided pH scale range [tex]0-3[/tex], it represents strong acid which will give large concentration of protons on dissociation. since lower pH value indicates higher concentration of protons created by an acid.
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Draw the products formed when each ester is treated with lithium hydroxide and water. ch3ch2ch(ch3)oc=och(ch3)2−→−−h2olioh
The products formed when ester is treated with lithium hydroxide and water is given below.
[tex]CH_{3} CH_{2} CH(CH_{3} )OC=OCH(CH_{3} )_{2} +LiOH +H_{2} O[/tex]→[tex]CH_{3} CH_{2} CH(CH_{3} )OH+LiOC=OCH(CH_{3} )_{2} +H_{2} O[/tex]
The products formed when ester is treated with lithium hydroxide and water is alcohol and salt of acid.
The reaction of ester with water in the presence of base is called hydrolysis of ester in the presence of base. The product of hydrolysis of of ester in the presence of base ( lithium hydroxide ) is alcohol and salt of acid.
The hydrolysis of ester is also takes place in the presence of acid and give the product of alcohol and carboxylic acid. Lithium hydroxide is an inorganic base and it is soluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol. The Lithium hydroxide is less soluble in water as compare to sodium hydroxide due to the anomalous behavior shown by lithium from rest of the family member.
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Using this balance, can you estimate the mass to the nearest milligram?
Yes, we can use this balance to estimate the mass to the nearest milligram.
What is the balance?The weighing balance is the kind of scale that can be used to measure the mass of a body. We know that mass is the quantity of matter that is contained in a body and the the SI unit of mass is the kilogram.
Looking at the balance as it is graduated in milligrams, we know that measurement to the nearest gram means measurement to the nearest whole number so we can say that the answer is yes. We can use this balance to estimate the mass to the nearest milligram.
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Lithium metal reacts with nitrogen gas to form lithium nitride. identify the balanced reaction that describes this process
Lithium metal reacts with nitrogen gas to form lithium nitride the balanced chemical equation will be 6Li + N₂ → 2Li₃N.
What is a balanced chemical reaction?In a balanced chemical reaction, the number of moles that are present at the side of the reactant must be always equal to the side of product formation this is known as a balanced chemical equation.
The balanced chemical reaction will be 6Li + N₂ → 2Li₃N.
Here 6 moles of lithium is reacting with one nitrogen but as it is in gaseous state it is N₂ after reacting with lithium it will give two moles
Therefore, balanced equation will be 6Li + N₂ → 2Li₃N
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Na3po4 dissolves in water to produce an electrolytic solution. what is the osmolarity of a 2. 0 × 10-3 m na3po4 solution?
When Na3po4 dissolves in water to produce an electrolytic solution. The osmolarity of a 2. 0 × 10-3 m Na3po4 solution is 0.008osmol/L.
Osmolarity is defined as the number of osmoles of solute particles per unit volume of the solution.
In other words osmolarity is the multiple if molarity
Osmolarity = i× molarity
Here i represents the van't Hoff factor,
[tex]Na_{3}PO_{4}[/tex] ⇒ [tex]3Na^{+} + PO_{4} ^{-}[/tex]
3 Moles of [tex]Na_{} ^{+}[/tex] + 1 mole [tex]PO_{4} ^{-}[/tex] = 4
The number of moles of particles of solute produced in solution are actually called osmoles.
As a result, the van't Hoff factor will be equal to
i=4 Moles ions produced (osmoles) 1mole [tex]Na_{3} PO_{4}[/tex] .dissolved =4
Since we know that,
[tex]Na_{3} PO_{4}[/tex] = [tex]2.0 * 10^{-3} M[/tex]
Osmolarity =
[tex]4*2.0*10^{-3} M[/tex] = [tex]8.0 * 10^{-3} osmol L -10s[/tex]
Thus, the Osmolarity of given solution is 0.008 osmol/L.
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An aqueous solution has a molality of 3. 64 kcl. what is the the mass percent of kcl in the solution? enter your answer to three significant figures and in units of mass percent
The mass percentage of KCl solution is 21.34%
Calculation,
Given molality of KCl aqueous solution = 3. 64 m = 3. 64 mole/ Kg
It means 3. 64 mole of solute present in 1Kg of solvent
or , 3. 64 mole of solute present in 1000 g of solvent ( water )
Mass of solute ( KCl ) = 3. 64 mole×74.55 g/mole =271.3 g
The total mass of solution ( KCl + water ) = 271.3 g + 1000 g = 1271.3 g
Mass percentage is equal to percentage of mass of solute present in total mass of solution.
Mass percentage = 100×271.3 g/1271.3 g = 21.34%
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Semiconductors are more effective than metals as converters of solar radiation into electricity because?
Semiconductors show the property of both the conductor and insulator. They are more effective than metals as their valence electron can free flow by the sun's energy. Thus, option B is correct.
What are semiconductors?Semiconductors are substances and materials that exhibit intermediate properties of conductors and insulators. They are solid materials that can conduct electrical charges due to the added impurity or change in temperature.
They have a valence electron in their outer shell that can absorb the energy from the sun to get excited. This leads to the flow of the charge in the semiconducting substance more easily.
Therefore, option B. the semiconductors can absorb the extra energy is correct.
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Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was, Semiconductors are more effective than metals as converters of solar radiation into electricity because
A. it is easier for the atoms of a semiconductor to absorb solar energy and to move from place to place within the solid, thereby conducting electricity.
B. the energy contained in sunlight gives the valence electrons in the semiconductor atoms the extra energy they need to "flow" throughout the solid.
C. metals melt much too easily under direct sunlight and, as liquids, lose their ability to conduct electricity.
D. solar radiation has sufficient energy to knock electrons completely off the metal surface, making it impossible for the electrons to "flow" from atom to atom and conduct electricity.
Reactants are the____________ substances in a chemical change and products are the ______substances.
Answer:
What is the name of the substances that are used at the beginning of a chemical reaction?
The substances that go into a chemical reaction are called the reactants, and the substances produced at the end of the reaction are known as the products.
Explanation: :)
True or
False
Consider the equilibrium c(s) h2o(g) co(g) h2(g), δh = 2296 j. The concentration of carbon will not change if gaseous water is added to the system
The statement that the concentration of carbon will not change if gaseous water is added to the system is false. The concentration of carbon will increase.
What is concentration?Concentration of a substance is the present of a substance in a per-unit square of an area. It is the total amount of solute present in the solution.
The equilibrium is C(s) + H₂O(g) < - > CO(g) + H₂(g), ΔH = 2296 J.
If we increase or add the gaseous water in the system, the amount of carbon will increase because the carbon is a gas, and increasing the pressure will increase the volume of the gas, at Constant temperature.
Thus, the statement is false.
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What is the carbon nucleophile which attacks molecular bromine in the acid-catalyzed α-bromination of a ketone?
The enol carbon or ∝-carbon nucleophile attacks at molecular bromine in the acid-catalyzed α-bromination of a ketone
Treatment of ketones with bromine in the presence of acid will results in formation of a new C-Br bond at the alpha position. The purpose of the acid is to catalysed formation of the enol from ketone , which is active nucleophile in the reaction. This reaction is called haloform reaction which is used to identify the methyl substituted ketone in the presence of aldehyde.
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A cylinder with a movable piston contains 2.00 g of helium, He , at room temperature. More helium was added to the cylinder and the volume was adjusted so that the gas pressure remained the same. How many grams of helium were added to the cylinder if the volume was changed from 2.00 L to 3.90 L
Heya....
Here's your answer.....
PV = nRT... R is a constant...
so PV/nT = constant...
P1V1 / n1T1 = P2V2 / n2T2...P is constant.T is constant.. so
V1 / n1 = V2 / n2
since n = mass / mw
V1 / (mass 1 / mw) = V2 / (mass 2 / mw)
and since molecular mass = constant
V1 / mass 1 = V2 / mass 2
mass 2 = V2 x mass 1 / V1 = 2.90L x 2.00 g / 2.00 L = 2.9 g
mass 2 - mass 1 = 2.90 g - 2.00 g = 0.90 g
ie.. 0.90 g of He was added.
Thanks...!!!
How much 0. 5mna2so4 solution will completely precipitate the ba2 in 0. 7l of 0. 13mbacl2 solution?
The volume required to precipitate 0.7l of 0.13 m BaCl2 is 0.04L.
Calculations of number of moles for given molarity of solutionwe use
Molarity =Moles of solute / volume of solution (in litre)
Now, for barium ions
Given,
Molarity of solution = 0.13 m
Volume of solution = 0.7L
By substituting all the value ,we have
Moles of Barium = 0.7 × 0.13
= 0.091
Chemical equationBaSO4 » Ba2+ + So2-
By stoichiometry of equation
1 mole of sulphate ion precipitate 1 mole of barium ion
So, 0.091 mole of sulphate ion precipitate
0.091 of moles of Barium ion
Calculation of volume of sulfate ionNow, calculate the volume of ions by using equation as given above
Mole of sulphate ion = 0.091 mol
Molarity concentration of sulphate ions = 0.05m
By substituting all value , we get
C = n / V
V = n/ C
= 0.091 / 0.5 = 0.04L
Thus, we calculated that the volume required to precipitate 0.7l of 0.13 m BaCl2 is 0.04L.
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If a person wearing such a mask exhales 0. 65g of CO2 every minute. Calculate the number of grams of O2 that will be produced in 15 minutes.
If a person wearing such a mask exhales 0. 65g of [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] every minute then the number of grams of [tex]O_{2}[/tex] that will be produced in 15 minutes is 7.09 grams .
Calculation ,
Since number of moles of carbon dioxide exhale is equal to the number of moles of oxygen produce ,
Mass of carbon dioxide exhale per minute = 0.65 g
Mass of carbon dioxide exhale 15 minute = 0.65 g × 15 = 9.75 g
Number of moles of carbon dioxide = given mass / molar mass = 9.75 g/44
Number of moles of carbon dioxide = 0.221 moles
Number of moles of oxygen = 0.221 moles = given mass / molar mass
Number of moles of oxygen = 0.221 moles = given mass / 32
Mass of oxygen = 0.221 moles × 32 = 7.09 grams
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Nitrous acid, hno2, has a ka of 7. 1 ✕ 10-4. what are [h3o ], [no2-], and [oh -] in 0. 40 m hno2?
Nitrous acid, hno2, has an acid dissociation constant - ka of 7. 1 ✕ 10-4. what are [h3o ], [no2-], and [oh -] in 0. 40 m hno2 - 4829 M [OH^-] = 1.439 x 10^-14 M
The acid dissociation constant (Ka) is used to differentiate between strong and weak acids. Strong acids have very high Ka values. The Ka value is determined by examining the equilibrium constant for acid dissociation. The acid dissociates more readily as the Ka increases.
The original molecular definition of an acid, according to Arrhenius, is a molecule that dissociates in an aqueous solution, releasing the hydrogen ion H+ (a proton): HA A + H+. acid dissociation constant is an equilibrium constant for this dissociation reaction.
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What term is best described as the rate of a chemical reaction at any instant in time?
Answer:
instantaneous rate would be the term.
340. ml of a 0. 150 m solution of nh3(aq) is titrated with 0. 100 m hcl. calculate the ph of the solution after 350. ml of hcl has been added. (ka(nh4 ) = 5. 6 x 10-10)
340. ml of a 0. 150 m solution of nh3(aq) is titrated with 0. 100 m hcl. the ph will be 7 of the solution after 350. ml of hcl has been added. (ka(nh4 ) = 5. 6 x 10-10).
What is ph?The ph. of a solution gives information about the concentration of hydrogen ion in the solution or the solution is acidic or basic in nature if the given value is 7 then the solution is neutral or greater then 7 then basic and less then 7 then acidic.
Here, NH3 is a base while adding HCl to it the reaction gets neutralized and known as neutralizatio reaction and attend the ph. of value 7.
After due to the formation of hydronium ion the ph. would be less then 7.
Therefore, the ph. is 7.
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How many grams are in 0.0667 moles of MgCl 2?
A.
6.35
B.
1430
C.
7.01
D.
.523
Answer:
A.) 6.35
Explanation:
To find the mass of MgCl₂, you need to multiply the given value by the molar mass. The molar mass is made up of each element's atomic mass times their quantities. It is important to arrange the conversion in a way that allows for the cancellation of units.
Atomic Mass (Mg): 24.305 g/mol
Atomic Mass (Cl): 35.453 g/mol
Molar Mass (MgCl₂): 24.305 g/mol + 2(35.453 g/mol)
Molar Mass (MgCl₂): 95.211 g/mol
0.0667 moles MgCl₂ 95.211 grams
--------------------------------- x ------------------------ = 6.35 grams MgCl₂
1 mole
An unknown solution has a ph of 7.1. which of these chemicals is likely to increase the ph the most when added to the solution? hf koh nh3 hno3
option (B) KOH is the correct answer
KOH is the substance that, when added to the solution, is most likely to raise the pH .
What is pH?a graph that uses a logarithmic scale with 7 as neutral, where lower values are more acidic and higher ones are more alkaline, to represent the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. The hydrogen ion concentration (c), expressed in moles per liter, determines the pH, which is equal to log10(c).It will provide the most hydronium ions at the lowest pH, and at the highest pH, it will totally dissociate into the solution. KOH entirely separates into ions.Potassium hydroxide, or KOH, is a powerful base.A solution becomes more basic as the base is included. As a result, the pH of the solution will rise. All of the others are acids and will cause the solution's pH to decrease.To learn more about pH visit:
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