Here is the code in Python which accepts multiple entries and iteratively perform the following operations: (a) ask the item price from the user (b) ask how many items to purchase for a specific item price (c) ask if there are other items to purchase, if yes, repeat the first step, proceed to the next step if otherwise (d) compute and display for the total amount to pay (e) ask for the payment from the user (f) accepts only enough amount of payment, ask another payment if otherwise
(g) compute and display change: Code:```def total amount(items): total = 0 for i in items: total += i return totaldef change(amount, paid): return paid - amountitems = []while True: item_price = float(input("Enter the item price: ")) item_quantity = int(input("Enter the quantity of the item: ")) items.append(item price * item_quantity) choice = input("Do you have another item to purchase? (y/n)")
if choice.lower() == "n": breaktotal = total amount(items)print("Total Amount: PHP", total)while True: paid_amount = float(input("Enter the amount paid: PHP ")) if paid_amount >= total: break else: print("Insufficient amount paid, please try again!")change_amount = change(total, paid_amount)print("Change amount: PHP", change_amount)```
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What are the best data structures to create the following items? And why?
1. Designing a Card Game with 52 cards.
2. Online shopping cart (Amazon, eBay, Walmart, Cosco, Safeway....)
3. Online waiting list (De Anza College class waiting list, ...)
4. Purchasing online Tickets (Flight tickets, concert tickets, ...) (=> Fixed-size <=)
For designing a card game with 52 cards, the best data structure is a stack, For an online shopping cart, the best data structure is a list, For an online waiting list, the best data structure is a queue, For purchasing online tickets with a fixed size, the best data structure is an array.
1.
The stack data structure is used here.
A stack is a data structure that operates on the principle of Last In First Out (LIFO). In a card game, the deck of cards is shuffled, and then each player takes turns drawing a card from the top of the deck. In order to simulate this, we can use a stack where each card is pushed onto the top of the stack and each player pops a card from the top of the stack.2.
Here list data structure is used.
A list is a dynamic collection of elements that maintains their order and allows for the addition or removal of elements as needed.In an online shopping cart, items are added to the cart and then the user can choose to remove them or proceed to checkout. A list can easily handle these operations.3.
Here queue data structure is used.
A queue is a data structure that operates based on the principle of First In First Out (FIFO). In an online waiting list, users are added to the list in the order that they joined, and are served in that order as well. A queue is the ideal data structure for this.4.
Here array data structure is used.
An array is a data structure that stores elements of the same type in a sequence, occupying adjacent memory locations.Since the number of tickets is fixed, an array can be used to store information about each ticket, such as the ticket type, price, and availability.To learn more about data structure: https://brainly.com/question/29585513
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PYTHON LIST OF DICTIONARIES PROBLEM
I've been having trouble extracting multiple specific key:value pairs from a list of dictionaries in my code. I will write an example code below:
data_set = [{'diet': 'fruit': 'Apple', 'vegetable': 'Carrot', 'meat': 'Steak', 'starch': 'Rice, 'date': '2022-03-26', 'count': '50'}]
Lets say I would like to:
1. extract the key:value pairs for diet, fruit, meat, count
2. add those key:value pairs to a new dictionary
3. print the new dictionary
4. extract and print the value of 'diet' if the value of 'count' is >= 25 from the new dictionary
How would I code for this?
The Python code has been written in the space that we have below
How to write the python codedata_set = [
{'diet': 'fruit', 'fruit': 'Apple', 'vegetable': 'Carrot', 'meat': 'Steak', 'starch': 'Rice', 'date': '2022-03-26', 'count': '50'}
]
# Step 1: Extract specific key-value pairs
keys_to_extract = ['diet', 'fruit', 'meat', 'count']
new_dict = {key: data_set[0][key] for key in keys_to_extract}
# Step 2: Print the new dictionary
print("New Dictionary:")
print(new_dict)
# Step 3: Extract and print the value of 'diet' if the value of 'count' is >= 25
if int(new_dict['count']) >= 25:
print("\nValue of 'diet' when count is >= 25:")
print(new_dict['diet'])
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Please change this code's "if" and "ands" statements and make the code as different as possible without the code loosing it's functionality.
// include the library code:
#include
// Initialize library by way of pin interface
// Elego uno pin number
const int rs = 12, en = 11, d4 = 5, d5 = 4, d6 = 3, d7 = 2;
int adl_switch = 6; //switch 6
LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
lcd.begin(16, 2); // thisn is the LCD's number of columns and row:
pinMode(adl_switch, INPUT_PULLUP); //this indicates internal plug rssitor
}
void loop() {
//Switch on
if (digitalRead (adl_switch) == LOW)
{
lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
lcd.print("Adl Switch");
lcd.setCursor(6, 0);
lcd.print("Adl switch ON ");
}
//code for button inputs when off
if (digitalRead (adl_switch) == HIGH)
{
lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
lcd.print("Switch");
lcd.setCursor(6, 0);
lcd.print(" Off");
}
//this is where my pot is connected, analog pin:
int sensorValue = analogRead(A0);
//equation to convert the input from 0-1023 to a voltage value
float voltage = sensorValue * (5.0/1023.0);
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print("V= V");
lcd.setCursor(2, 1);
lcd.print(voltage);
//this section is to print the position of the switch
if (digitalRead (adl_switch) == HIGH){
Serial.print("digital = 0");
}else{
Serial.print("digital = 1");
}
Serial.print(" ");
Serial.print("analog = ");
Serial.println(voltage);
delay(50);
}
The given code can be modified by modifying the if and else if statements of the given code. The modification of if and else if statement will make the code different but the functionality of the code will remain the same.
The modified code is as follows:Modifying the code by changing "if" and "else if" statements:#include const int rs = 12, en = 11, d4 = 5, d5 = 4, d6 = 3, d7 = 2;int adl_switch = 6;LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);void setup() {Serial.begin(9600);lcd.begin(16, 2);pinMode(adl_switch, INPUT_PULLUP);}void loop() {//Switch onswitch(digitalRead(adl_switch)){case LOW:lcd.setCursor(0, 0);lcd.print("Adl Switch");lcd.setCursor(6, 0);lcd.print("Adl switch ON ");break;case HIGH:lcd.setCursor(0, 0);lcd.print("Switch");lcd.setCursor(6, 0);lcd.print("
Off");break;default:break;}int sensorValue = analogRead(A0);float voltage = sensorValue * (5.0 / 1023.0);lcd.setCursor(0, 1);lcd.print("V= V");lcd.setCursor(2, 1);lcd.print(voltage);if(digitalRead(adl_switch) == HIGH){Serial.print("digital = 0");}else{Serial.print("digital = 1");}Serial.print(" ");Serial.print("analog = ");Serial.println(voltage);delay(50);}The above given modified code is functionally same as the original code but the statements used are different and unique.
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Briefly answer:
b) Explain why genetic algorithm does not guarantee that a global optimal solution will be found.
c) But, why is genetic algorithm useful? In other words, describe in general situations in which a genetic algorithm may be better than nonlinear or integer programming.
d) In general why cant a genetic algorithm cope with a large number of constraint?
The genetic algorithm does not guarantee finding a global optimal solution due to its reliance on random variations and selection processes, which can result in suboptimal solutions or getting stuck in local optima. However, it remains useful in complex optimization problems, especially when dealing with nonlinearities, combinatorial optimization, and situations where traditional approaches like nonlinear or integer programming may be less effective.
b) Genetic algorithms do not guarantee finding a global optimal solution because they work based on the principles of natural evolution, using random variations and selection processes that may lead to suboptimal solutions or get stuck in local optima.
c) Despite not guaranteeing a global optimal solution, genetic algorithms are useful in various situations. They excel in complex, nonlinear, and combinatorial optimization problems where traditional approaches like nonlinear or integer programming may struggle. Genetic algorithms can handle large solution spaces, diverse constraints, and nonlinearity effectively, making them suitable for problems with multiple objectives or when the search space is not well-defined.
d) However, genetic algorithms may face challenges when dealing with a large number of constraints. As the number of constraints increases, it becomes more difficult to find feasible solutions that satisfy all the constraints simultaneously. The search space expands, making it harder for the algorithm to explore and converge towards valid solutions efficiently.
This can lead to longer computation times and lower success rates in finding feasible solutions for highly constrained problems. Therefore, alternative optimization methods or techniques that specifically address constraint handling may be more suitable in such cases.
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Must at least read or write to a file • Must utilize at least a list or dictionary • Must incorporate user input • Must utilize functions to make code organized and efficient • Must utilize at least ifs or loops
An example of a Python program that incorporates the mentioned requirements to take login information (username and password) from the user -
def read_credentials():
credentials = {}
with open('login_info.txt', 'r') as file:
for line in file:
username, password = line.strip().split(',')
credentials[username] = password
return credentials
def write_credentials(username, password):
with open('login_info.txt', 'a') as file:
file.write(f'{username},{password}\n')
def login():
credentials = read_credentials()
username = input("Enter your username: ")
password = input("Enter your password: ")
if username in credentials and credentials[username] == password:
print("Login successful!")
else:
print("Invalid credentials.")
def register():
username = input("Enter a username: ")
password = input("Enter a password: ")
write_credentials(username, password)
print("Registration successful!")
# Main program
while True:
choice = input("Choose an option (login/register/exit): ")
if choice == "login":
login()
elif choice == "register":
register()
elif choice == "exit":
break
else:
print("Invalid choice. Please try again.")
How does this work?- The login information is stored in a file called "login_info.txt" in the format `username,password`.
- The `read_credentials()` function reads the credentials from the file and returns them as a dictionary.
- The `write_credentials()` function appends new credentials to the file.
- The `login()` function asks the user for their username and password and checks if they match the stored credentials.
- The `register()` function asks the user to enter a new username and password and saves them to the file.
- The main program uses a while loop to repeatedly prompt the user for options (login, register, or exit) and calls the respective functions based on the choice.
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Full Question:
Although part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this full question:
In Python Create A Program That Takes Login Information (Username And Password) Please Make Sure All In The Picture Below Is Utilized
in python create a program that takes login information (username and password) please make sure all in the picture below is utilized
Must at least read or write to a file • Must utilize at least a list or dictionary • Must incorporate user input • Must utilize functions to make code organized and efficient • Must utilize at least ifs or loops
To obtain a JTable field's name, the correct statement to use is: A AbstractTableModel getColumnName(Columnindex + 1) 8. ResultSet getColumnName(Columnindex + 1) C JTable getColumnName(Columnindex + 1) D. ResultSetMetaData.columnName(Columnindex +1) E JTable columnName(Columnindex + 1) 10. To notify a JTable that the table has changed, one of the following statements achie A tableDataChanged(?) B. itemStateChanged(?) C. data TableChanged(?) D valueChanged(7) E fire TableStructureChanged() 11. To create a static thread-pool & a pool manager, a programmer would write: A ThreadPool.create(10) B. Executors.newFixed ThreadPool(10) C. ExecutorService.newCachedThreadPool() D. Thread newCachedThreadPool() E. ExecutorService.createCached ThreadPool() 12. How to programmatically enable thread "B" to suspend its execution and wait for thread " assuming that "B" has executed "A"? A. B.notify B.B.wait() C.B.join() DA join() E. Condition await() 13. To release the monitor-lock of an object "A", the following statement should be invoked by t A Condition signall) Condition await) C. Aawait) D. A unlock() E. A notify 14. In order to obtain the result of a task-processing by a thread, a programmer would need to en A Executors 8. Callable C Runnable D. Thread E ExcutorService 15. If a thread attempts to access a "synchronized" method and access to the method can not be the is A Runnable B. Waiting C. Timed Waiting D. Blocked E Suspended 16. Which statement of the following list would schedule the task "long Factorial(int x)" by thread A. A start) B new Thread(A) C. A.call() D. ExecutorService execute(A) E ExecutorService submit(A) 17. How to obtain a remote web client's logical address?: A HttpServletRequest getClientAddress 8. HttpServletRequest getRemoteHost) C.HttpServietRequest getRemoteAddr) D. HitpServletResponse.getClientAddress( E. HttpServletResponse.getRemoteAddr) 2
To obtain a JTable field's name, the correct statement to use is: C. JTable getColumnName(Columnindex + 1)To notify a JTable that the table has changed, one of the following statements achieves:
A. To create a static thread-pool & a pool manager, a programmer would write: B. Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10)How to programmatically enable thread "B" to suspend its execution and wait for thread "A" assuming that "B" has executed "A"?B. B.wait()To release the monitor-lock of an object "A", the following statement should be invoked by the thread that acquired it: D. A unlock()In order to obtain the result of a task-processing by a thread, a programmer would need to employ:
B. CallableIf a thread attempts to access a "synchronized" method and access to the method cannot be obtained, the thread is: D. BlockedThe statement that would schedule the task "long Factorial(int x)" by thread is: D. ExecutorService execute(A)To obtain a remote web client's logical address, HttpServletRequest getRemoteAddr() should be used. Answer: C. HttpServletRequest getRemoteAddr)
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