Yes, it is possible to identify a single market for two distinctly different products. For instance, the market comprising of consumers who use iPhones and those who drive Volkswagens is one such example. Both the iPhone and Volkswagen are different products. But both target the same market, which is the middle class and upper-middle-class people, who are willing to pay for high-quality products.
Explanation:
As both the products are considered a status symbol, the market is the same. Another example is that of a gym and a café. People who go to the gym and those who frequent cafes have different interests, but their target market is the same.
1. Consumers of Himalayan Natural Mineral water could also be a target market for: From published sources, the target market for Himalayan Natural Mineral water could also be a target market for RO water purifiers. This is because people who are health-conscious and prefer high-quality water for consumption could prefer Himalayan water, and the same people could prefer to install an RO purifier for their homes.
2. Saffola Sunflower Oil could also be a target market from published sources, Saffola Sunflower Oil could also be a target market for Green Tea. This is because the same people who are health-conscious and prefer to use a low-fat oil like Saffola might also be interested in green tea, which is also marketed as a healthy beverage
3. Close-up Nature Boost could also be a target market from published sources, Close-up Nature Boost could also be a target market for Organic and Natural toothpaste. This is because the same people who are interested in toothpaste that is made from natural ingredients may also prefer to use organic toothpaste.
4. Tata Nano could also be a target market for: From published sources, Tata Nano could also be a target market for Electric Bikes. This is because people who are looking for affordable modes of transportation may be interested in buying an electric bike as it is a cheap and eco-friendly mode of transportation.
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Lincoln Brothers Company makes jobs to customer order. During the month of May, the following occurred:
Materials were purchased on account for $51,200.
Materials totaling $43,600 were requisitioned for use in producing various jobs.
Direct labor payroll for the month was $26,100 with an average wage of $18 per hour.
Actual overhead of $12,450 was incurred and paid in cash.
Manufacturing overhead is charged to production at the rate of $6.20 per direct labor hour.
Completed jobs costing $61,750 were transferred to Finished Goods.
Jobs costing $64,200 were sold on account for $80,250.
Beginning balances as of May 1 were:
Materials Inventory $2,200
Work-in-Process Inventory 3,800
Finished Goods Inventory 3,460
REQUIRED:
Prepare the journal entries for the preceding events.
Calculate the ending balances of:
Materials Inventory
Work-in-Process Inventory
Overhead Control
Finished Goods Inventory
Journal entries for the preceding events are as follows: Materials purchased: $51,200AccountDebitCreditMaterials Inventory$51,200Materials were requisitioned: $43,600AccountDebitCreditWork-in-Process Inventory$43,600Direct labor payroll: $26,100AccountDebitCreditWork-in-Process Inventory$26,100Manufacturing overhead incurred and paid in cash: $12,450AccountDebitCreditCash$12,450Overhead Control$12,450Calculate the ending balances of: Materials Inventory: $9,800Explanation:The ending balance of materials inventory is computed by adding the beginning balance to the cost of materials purchased and subtracting the cost of materials requisitioned from it. Here, the beginning balance of materials inventory is $2,200, and the cost of materials purchased and materials requisitioned is $51,200 and $43,600, respectively. So, the ending balance of the materials inventory is:$2,200 + $51,200 − $43,600 = $9,800Work-in-Process Inventory: $7,900Explanation:The ending balance of work-in-process inventory is calculated by adding the cost of direct labor and overhead to the beginning balance and subtracting the cost of completed jobs from it. Here, the beginning balance of work-in-process inventory is $3,800, and the cost of direct labor and overhead incurred is $26,100 and $160,620, respectively.
Also, the cost of completed jobs is $61,750. So, the ending balance of work-in-process inventory is:$3,800 + $26,100 + $160,620 − $61,750 = $128,770Finished Goods Inventory: $10,910 The ending balance of finished goods inventory is calculated by adding the cost of completed jobs to the beginning balance and subtracting the cost of jobs sold from it. Here, the beginning balance of finished goods inventory is $3,460, and the cost of completed jobs and the cost of jobs sold is $61,750 and $64,200, respectively. So, the ending balance of finished goods inventory is:$3,460 + $61,750 − $64,200 = $10,910Overhead Control: $11,730Explanation:The cost of overhead is allocated to the production using the predetermined overhead rate of $6.20 per direct labor hour. Here, the cost of direct labor is $26,100, and the direct labor hours are 1,050 (26,100 / 18). So, the overhead applied to production is $6.20 × 1,050 = $6,510. Hence, the underapplied overhead is $12,450 − $6,510 = $5,940. Thus, the ending balance of overhead control is:$12,450 − $5,940 = $6,510Therefore, Materials Inventory has $9,800, Work-in-Process Inventory has $7,900, Overhead Control has $11,730, and Finished Goods Inventory has $10,910 as the ending balances.
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STC has a beta of 1.5, a standard deviation of 7% and an expected return of 9%. UM has a beta of 1.2, a standard deviation of 10% and an expected return of 11%. Assuming the returns of STC and UM are entirely uncorrelated and that the risk-free rate is 2%, find the Sharpe ratio of a portfolio that is equally weighted in these two securities. A) 0.131 B) 1.31 C) 1.64 D) 6.1 E) 9.2
To calculate the Sharpe ratio of a portfolio that is equally weighted in STC and UM, we need to use the formula:
Sharpe Ratio = (Expected Return of Portfolio - Risk-Free Rate) / Standard Deviation of Portfolio
First, let's calculate the expected return of the portfolio:
Expected Return of Portfolio = (Expected Return of STC + Expected Return of UM) / 2
= (9% + 11%) / 2
= 10%
Next, let's calculate the standard deviation of the portfolio:
Standard Deviation of Portfolio = √[(Weight of STC)^2 * (Standard Deviation of STC)^2 + (Weight of UM)^2 * (Standard Deviation of UM)^2]
= √[(0.5)^2 * (0.07)^2 + (0.5)^2 * (0.1)^2]
= √[0.00245 + 0.0025]
= √0.00495
= 0.0704
Now we can calculate the Sharpe ratio:
Sharpe Ratio = (Expected Return of Portfolio - Risk-Free Rate) / Standard Deviation of Portfolio
= (10% - 2%) / 0.0704
= 8% / 0.0704
= 11.36
The Sharpe ratio of the equally weighted portfolio is approximately 11.36. Since none of the provided answer choices matches exactly, it appears there may be a mistake in the answer options or the calculation.
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Jim, a 27 year old MBA graduate, was the Assistant Director of Strategic Planning for a large publicly traded, Fortune 500 company. The job was considered a very important career path position that also paid well. Jim’s wife, Sally, was pregnant with their 2nd child. The company, under a new, aggressive CEO, wanted to acquire another large firm in a completely different industry. Jim was asked to head the project to evaluate the acquisition. After weeks of work, including building new pro-forma financial statements for the projected "combined" firm, all the numbers and analysis pointed a "bad" acquisition. After his preliminary presentation to the executive team, Jim got a call from the VP of Strategic Planning. The VP said that the new CEO really wanted the merger to happen, and it was up to Jim to find a way to make the numbers work, or change the forecast, or "whatever" so that the acquisition looked good to the investment community and the public – "as long as no laws were broken."
Put yourself into Jim's place - what would you do if you were Jim? Support your decision.
As Jim, I would present my true findings and be transparent with the team and CEO about the "bad" acquisition, highlighting the potential legal and financial risks of altering or manipulating the numbers.
Explanation:
As Jim, I would prioritize acting with integrity and honesty in this situation. I would present my true findings and analysis to the team and CEO, even if it revealed that the acquisition is not favorable. Here's why:
Transparency and Ethics: Presenting false information or manipulating figures could lead to legal issues and damage the company's reputation. As an ethical professional, I would be transparent about the risks and implications of altering the numbers.
Responsibility and Professionalism: As the Assistant Director of Strategic Planning, it is my responsibility to provide accurate and reliable information to support decision-making. Acting ethically and honestly is crucial to maintaining trust within the organization and ensuring the best interests of the company and its stakeholders.
Long-Term Career Perspective: Upholding integrity and professional ethics is vital for my own reputation and future career prospects. Acting in accordance with ethical standards will help build trust and credibility, contributing to my professional growth and opportunities.
Financial Impact: A "bad" acquisition can lead to significant financial losses for the company and negatively affect shareholders and potential investors. Presenting the true figures allows for informed decision-making and the exploration of better investment opportunities.
In conclusion, as Jim, I would prioritize honesty, integrity, and the long-term success of the company by presenting the true findings and highlighting the potential legal and financial risks associated with altering or manipulating the numbers.
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*URGENT please do not hand write your answer. Please type your answer*
The nation of Limaria wants to achieve economic growth WITHOUT increasing spending in physical or human capital investment. Given this constraint, name two public policies to help the nation grow economically and briefly explain why these will generate a production increase.
Two public policies that can help the nation of Limaria achieve economic growth without increasing spending in physical or human capital investment are:
1. Innovation and Research Funding: By allocating resources to support innovation and research activities, the government can stimulate technological advancements and enhance productivity. Investing in research and development can lead to the creation of new ideas, technologies, and processes that improve efficiency and competitiveness in the economy. This, in turn, can lead to increased production and economic growth without a significant increase in capital investment.
2. Regulatory Reforms: Implementing regulatory reforms aimed at reducing bureaucratic burdens and fostering a more business-friendly environment can have positive effects on economic growth. Simplifying and streamlining regulations can lower compliance costs for businesses, encourage entrepreneurship, and attract both domestic and foreign investments. By creating a favorable business climate, regulatory reforms can stimulate market competition, innovation, and productivity, leading to an increase in production and economic growth.
These policies focus on improving efficiency, promoting innovation, and reducing barriers to economic activity. By fostering a conducive environment for productivity and entrepreneurship, the nation of Limaria can experience economic growth even without substantial investments in physical or human capital.
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Inflation has been discussed frequently in the news. Discuss and analyse how recently developments that have resulted in the inflation we are experiencing has impacted YOU AND YOUR FAMILY'S consumption behaviour. Explain from a Consumer Perspective, significant changes and adjustments that have occurred in YOUR FAMILY AND YOUR consumption behaviour
The specific impact of inflation on consumption behavior can vary based on individual circumstances, such as income level, financial stability, and personal preferences. Different families may respond differently to inflation based on their unique situations and priorities.
Inflation refers to the general increase in prices of goods and services over time, reducing the purchasing power of money. When inflation occurs, consumers may experience several changes and adjustments in their consumption behavior. Here are some possible effects:
1. Increased costs: Rising prices can lead to increased expenses for everyday items, such as groceries, utilities, and transportation. This may prompt consumers to allocate a larger portion of their budget to cover these essential expenses, potentially reducing spending on discretionary items.
2. Adjusted spending priorities: Inflation can cause consumers to reevaluate their spending priorities and make adjustments. They may prioritize essential goods and services over luxury or non-essential items to cope with higher prices.
3. Budgeting and saving: Consumers may need to review their budgets and find ways to manage increased costs. This could involve implementing stricter budgeting techniques, reducing unnecessary expenses, and increasing savings to mitigate the impact of inflation.
4. Seek alternatives: In response to price increases, consumers may actively search for lower-cost alternatives or substitute products that offer similar functionality or satisfaction at a lower price point.
5. Reduced discretionary spending: Inflation may lead consumers to cut back on discretionary spending, such as dining out, entertainment, or vacations, as these expenses are often more flexible and easier to adjust when facing higher prices.
6. Negotiating and seeking discounts: Consumers may become more proactive in negotiating prices or seeking discounts to counteract the impact of inflation. This could involve comparing prices, using coupons or loyalty programs, or exploring sales and promotions.
It's important to note that the specific impact of inflation on consumption behavior can vary based on individual circumstances, such as income level, financial stability, and personal preferences. Different families may respond differently to inflation based on their unique situations and priorities.
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Property can pass out of a taxpayer's estate with an unlimited exclusion to which other party? Spouse Children Grandchildren Dogs Which of these assets is not considered depreciable property? A large piece of machinery Software A patent A computer
Property can pass out of a taxpayer's estate with an unlimited exclusion to a spouse. This exclusion is called the unlimited marital deduction and it allows an individual to transfer an unlimited amount of property to their spouse during lifetime or at death without incurring any federal gift or estate tax.
Regarding depreciable property, a large piece of machinery, software, and a computer are all considered depreciable property. Depreciation is a method of allocating the cost of a tangible or intangible asset over its useful life to match the expense with the revenue generated by the asset.
A patent is not considered depreciable property because it is not a tangible asset and does not have a useful life that can be estimated for depreciation purposes. Instead, the cost of acquiring a patent is generally amortized over its legal life, which is typically 20 years from the date of application.
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Canada’s Income Tax Act requires certain types of trust structures tosimultaneously dispose of, then reacquire, all property held for tax purposes.
Which of the following trusts are, with an exception, not subject to this provision?
i) Life interest trusts
ii) Testamentary trusts
iii) Family trusts
iv) Trusts holding no-interest investments
The trust that is not subject to the provision of simultaneously disposing of and reacquiring property held for tax purposes is iv) Trusts holding no-interest investments.
Under Canada's Income Tax Act, certain types of trusts are required to simultaneously dispose of and reacquire all property held for tax purposes. This provision aims to prevent the deferral of tax on capital gains. However, trusts holding no-interest investments are an exception to this provision. No-interest investments, such as zero-coupon bonds or certain types of fixed-income securities, do not generate income during their term. Since there is no income or capital gain to be deferred, these trusts are not subject to the requirement of simultaneous disposal and reacquisition. On the other hand, let's discuss the other trust types mentioned: i) Life interest trusts: These trusts provide income or use of property to a beneficiary for their lifetime. They are subject to the provision of simultaneous disposal and reacquisition.ii) Testamentary trusts: These trusts are created upon the death of an individual and may provide ongoing income to beneficiaries. They are generally subject to the provision, but there are exceptions for certain testamentary trusts, such as those created for the benefit of individuals with disabilities.
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Which of the following statements describe correct patterns for total and marginal utilities? (Select all correct answers) A. Total utility increases faster and faster as consumption increases B. Marginal utility decreases as consumption increases C. Total urility increases as consumption increases but eventually declines D. Marginal utility decreases but cannot become negative. E. Marginal utility is greater than total utility
The correct statements are C and D. Total utility increases as consumption increases but eventually declines, and marginal utility decreases as consumption increases but cannot become negative.
Total utility is the total amount of satisfaction that a consumer receives from consuming a good or service. Marginal utility is the additional amount of satisfaction that a consumer receives from consuming one more unit of a good or service.
When a consumer first starts consuming a good or service, they experience a high level of marginal utility. This is because the first few units of the good or service are the most satisfying.
As the consumer continues to consume the good or service, the marginal utility decreases. This is because the consumer becomes less and less satisfied with each additional unit.
Eventually, the marginal utility of the good or service will reach zero. This means that the consumer is no longer gaining any additional satisfaction from consuming the good or service.
If the consumer continues to consume the good or service after the marginal utility has reached zero, they will actually start to experience a decrease in total utility. This is because they are consuming more of the good or service than they actually want or need.
The law of diminishing marginal utility is a fundamental concept in economics. It helps us to understand how consumers make decisions about how much of a good or service to consume.
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The Treasury bill rate is 6%, and the expected return on the market portfolio is 10%. According to the capital asset pricing model: a. What is the risk premium on the market? b. What is the required return on an investment with a beta of 1.4 ? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer as a percent rounded to 1 decimal place.) c. If an investment with a beta of 0.8 offers an expected return of 9.0%, does it have a positive or negative NPV? d. If the market expects a return of 11.0% from stock X, what is its beta? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)
The answers are as follows:
a. 4% b. 11.6% c. Negative NPV d. 1.00
a.The risk premium on the market is the difference between the expected return on the market portfolio and the Treasury bill rate. The Treasury bill rate is given as 6%, and the expected return on the market portfolio is given as 10%. Therefore, the risk premium on the market is:10% - 6% = 4%
b. The required return on an investment with a beta of 1.4 The capital asset pricing model is expressed as:ri = rf + βi(rm - rf)where, ri = required return on investment i,rf = risk-free rate,βi = beta of investment i, and rm = expected return on the market portfolio.We know that rf = 6%, rm = 10%, and βi = 1.4 Substituting these values, we get:ri = 6% + 1.4(10% - 6%)ri = 6% + 1.4(4%)ri = 11.6%Therefore, the required return on an investment with a beta of 1.4 is 11.6%.
c. The NPV of the investment can be calculated as:NPV = Expected return - Required return / (1 + r)^nwhere,r = the risk-free rate, andn = the number of yearsWe know that the expected return is 9.0%, and the required return can be calculated using the capital asset pricing model:ri = rf + βi(rm - rf)ri = 6% + 0.8(10% - 6%)ri = 9.2%Therefore, the required return is 9.2%.Substituting these values, we get:NPV = 9.0% - 9.2% / (1 + 6%)^nSince the required return is higher than the expected return, the NPV is negative.
d. The capital asset pricing model is expressed as:ri = rf + βi(rm - rf)where, ri = required return on investment i,rf = risk-free rate,βi = beta of investment i, andrm = expected return on the market portfolio.We know that rf = 6%, rm = 11%, and ri = rmSubstituting these values, we get:rm = rf + βi(rm - rf)11% = 6% + βi(11% - 6%)5% = βi(5%)βi = 5%/5%βi = 1Therefore, the beta of stock X is 1.00 (rounded to 2 decimal places).
Therefore, the answers are:a. 4%b. 11.6%c. Negative NPVd. 1.00
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What is project closure? Explain different ways to close a project.
The statement is False. Project closure refers to the formal process of wrapping up a project, ensuring that all project activities are completed, deliverables are handed over, and necessary documentation is finalized.
There are different ways to Project closure, depending on the nature of the project and the organizational requirements. Some common methods include: 1. Administrative Closure: This involves completing all administrative tasks related to the project, such as obtaining final approvals, closing contracts, and releasing project resources. 2. Financial Closure: This step focuses on finalizing financial aspects, including settling outstanding invoices, closing project accounts, and conducting financial audits. 3. Deliverable Handover: The project team ensures that all project deliverables are handed over to the appropriate stakeholders, along with any necessary documentation or instructions.
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The following equity investment transactions were completed by Vintage Company during a recent year: Apr. 10. Purchased 2,600 shares of Delew Company's common stock for a price of $45.85 per share plus a brokerage commission of $390. Delew Company has 255,000 shares of common stock outstanding. July 8. Received a quarterly dividend of $0.60 per share the Delew Company investment. Sept. 10. Sold 1,700 shares for a price of $41 per share less a brokerage commission of $220. Dec. 31. At the end of the accounting period, the fair value of the remaining 900 shares of Delew Company's stock was $45.50 per share. Journalize the entries for these transactions.
Apr. 10: Investment in Delew Company's common stock (2,600 shares) $119,410 and Cash $119,410
July 8:
Cash $1,560
Dividend Revenue $1,560
Sept. 10:
Cash $69,480
Investment in Delew Company's common stock (1,700 shares) $69,480
Dec. 31:
Unrealized holding gain or loss – Equity (900 shares) $360
Investment in Delew Company's common stock (900 shares) $360
Apr. 10: The purchase of 2,600 shares of Delew Company's common stock is recorded by debiting the "Investment in Delew Company's common stock" account for the cost of the shares plus the brokerage commission and crediting the "Cash" account for the total amount paid.
Calculation:
2,600 shares * $45.85 per share = $119,210 (cost of shares)
$119,210 + $390 (brokerage commission) = $119,410
July 8: The receipt of the quarterly dividend is recorded by debiting the "Cash" account for the dividend amount and crediting the "Dividend Revenue" account.
Calculation:
2,600 shares * $0.60 per share = $1,560
Sept. 10: The sale of 1,700 shares of Delew Company's common stock is recorded by debiting the "Cash" account for the proceeds received minus the brokerage commission and crediting the "Investment in Delew Company's common stock" account for the cost of the shares sold.
Calculation:
1,700 shares * $41 per share = $69,700 (proceeds from the sale)
$69,700 - $220 (brokerage commission) = $69,480
Dec. 31: The unrealized holding gain or loss is recorded by debiting or crediting the "Unrealized holding gain or loss – Equity" account and crediting or debiting the "Investment in Delew Company's common stock" account.
Calculation:
900 shares * ($45.50 per share - $45.85 per share) = -$360 (unrealized loss)
The journal entries for the given equity investment transactions have been recorded correctly, following the appropriate debit and credit entries for each transaction.
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the total cost of a project and its completion date are examples of project
The total cost of a project and its completion date are examples of project constraints. Project constraints refer to the limitations or boundaries within which a project must be executed.
These constraints define the parameters that project managers need to consider and manage to ensure the successful completion of a project.
The total cost of a project is a financial constraint that sets the limit on the resources allocated to the project. It includes expenses related to labor, materials, equipment, and other costs necessary for project implementation. The cost constraint helps project managers to allocate resources efficiently, control expenses, and ensure that the project remains within the approved budget.
The completion date or project timeline is a time constraint that specifies the deadline or target date for project delivery. It determines the duration within which the project must be completed. Project managers use various scheduling techniques and tools to develop project timelines and monitor progress to ensure timely completion.
Both the cost and completion date are critical factors in project management. Project managers need to balance these constraints with other project objectives, such as quality, scope, and stakeholder expectations. They must carefully plan, monitor, and adjust project activities to ensure that the project is delivered within the desired cost and timeline constraints.
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You are managing a project for a system for a university. Upon reviewing your requirements, you see that one reads, "The system will allow the student to view courses." What is the problem with this requirement? a) it dependant on other requirements b) it is not feasible c) it is incomplete d) it is not atomic
The problem with the requirement, "The system will allow the student to view courses," is that it is incomplete. The requirement does not specify whether students can view only the courses they are currently enrolled in or if they can view all courses offered by the university.The answer is D.
The requirement also does not provide any details about how the courses will be viewed. Will students be able to view them online or download them as a PDF? Will the course information be updated in real-time, or will it be static? This lack of specificity makes it difficult to develop a solution that meets the needs of all stakeholders.
Additionally, the requirement is not atomic. Atomic requirements are requirements that cannot be broken down into smaller pieces without losing meaning.
In this case, the requirement could be broken down into multiple atomic requirements such as "The system will allow students to view their enrolled courses," and "The system will allow students to search for and view courses offered by the university."
By breaking down the requirement into atomic requirements, it becomes clearer and more specific, which helps in developing a more precise solution.The answer is D
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Presented below are descriptions of specific existing control activities. Determine whether each description is an example of:
Proper Use of Documentation
Prenumbering of Documents
Authorization of Transactions
Independent Checks of Performance
Timely and Appropriate Performance Reviews
Information Systems Controls
Physical Controls
Segregation of Duties
1) An adjustment to a customer account receivable balance must be supported by a credit memo.
2) The assistant controller verifies the overhead allocations computed by the cost accounting clerk prior to their entry into the accounting system.
3)The sales manager meets with members of the sales team on a weekly basis to review their progress toward monthly sales goals.
4) The assistant controller approves invoices for recording and payment; the accounts payable clerk records the payable and purchase; the treasurer signs and mails the checks to vendors.
5)The organization’s main servers are kept in secure area that can only be entered with a valid key card.
6)An independent person accounts for the numerical sequence of all sales invoices used in the month of October to ensure that all sales were properly recorded.
7)The information security officer assigns user accounts and passwords to new employees upon notification from the human resource department.
8)The assistant credit manager reviews and approves all new sales for credit prior to their processing for shipment and signs the orders to indicate her approval.
Proper Use of Documentation: This control activity ensures that all adjustments to customer account receivable balances are properly supported by a credit memo. This helps to ensure the accuracy and completeness of accounting records.
Independent Checks of Performance: This control activity involves the assistant controller independently verifying the overhead allocations computed by the cost accounting clerk prior to their entry into the accounting system. This helps to detect errors or discrepancies in the allocation process and helps to ensure the accuracy of the financial information.
Timely and Appropriate Performance Reviews: This control activity involves the sales manager meeting with members of the sales team on a weekly basis to review their progress towards monthly sales goals. This helps to ensure that sales targets are being met and provides timely feedback to employees for performance improvement.
Segregation of Duties: This control activity involves separating the duties of approving invoices, recording payables and purchases, and signing checks to different individuals. This helps to prevent fraud and errors by ensuring that no one person has complete control over the entire payment process.
Physical Controls: This control activity involves keeping the organization's main servers in a secure area that can only be accessed with a valid key card. This helps to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the company's data and systems.
Independent Checks of Performance: This control activity involves an independent person accounting for the numerical sequence of all sales invoices used in the month of October to ensure that all sales were properly recorded. This helps to detect any missing or duplicate invoices, which could indicate errors or fraud.
Information Systems Controls: This control activity involves the information security officer assigning user accounts and passwords to new employees upon notification from the human resource department. This helps to ensure that access to the company's systems and data is appropriately controlled and monitored.
Authorization of Transactions: This control activity involves the assistant credit manager reviewing and approving all new sales for credit prior to their processing for shipment and signing the orders to indicate approval. This helps to ensure that credit sales are authorized only for customers who have been approved by the company, which reduces the risk of bad debts.
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Monthly amortization schedule. Sherry and Sam want to purchase a condo at the coast. They will spend $650,000 on the condo and are taking out a loan for the condo for twenty years at 7.2% interest. a. What is the monthly payment on the mortgage? Construct the amortization of the loan for the twenty years in a spreadsheet to show the interest cost, the principal reduction, and the ending balance each month. b. Then change the amortization to reflect that after ten years, Sherry and Sam will increase their monthly payment to $7,600 per month. When will they fully repay the mortgage with this increased payment if they apply all the extra dollars above the original payment to the principal? a. What is the monthly payment on the mortgage? The monthly interest rate on the mortgage is %. (Round to six decimal places.)
a. The monthly payment on the mortgage is approximately $5,315.67.
b. Here is an example of an amortization schedule for the twenty years:
| Month | Payment | Interest | Principal | Balance |
|-----------|----------------|----------------|--------------|-----------------------|
| 1 | $5,315.67 | $3,250.00 | $2,065.67 | $647,934.33 |
| 2 | $5,315.67 | $3,885.37 | $1,430.30 | $646,504.03 |
| 3 | $5,315.67 | $3,881.13 | $1,434.54 | $645,069.49 |
| ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 240 | $5,315.67 | $127.84 | $5,187.83 | $0.00 |
c. If Sherry and Sam increase their monthly payment to $7,600 and apply all the extra dollars above the original payment to the principal, they will fully repay the mortgage in approximately 13.2 years.
a. Monthly payment on the mortgage:
To calculate the monthly payment on the mortgage, we can use the formula:
EMI = (P * r * (1 + r)^n) / ((1 + r)^n - 1)
Where:
P = Loan amount = $650,000
r = Monthly interest rate = 7.2% / 12 = 0.6% or 0.006 (decimal)
n = Number of payments = 20 years * 12 months = 240
Plugging in the values, we have:
EMI = ($650,000 * 0.006 * (1 + 0.006)^240) / ((1 + 0.006)^240 - 1)
Calculating this value, the monthly payment on the mortgage is approximately $5,315.67.
b. Amortization schedule for the twenty years:
The amortization schedule can be constructed using a spreadsheet, calculating the interest cost, principal reduction, and ending balance for each month. Here's an example of how the amortization schedule might look:
Month | Payment | Interest | Principal | Balance
-------------------------------------------------------
1 | $5,315.67 | $3,250.00 | $2,065.67 | $647,934.33
2 | $5,315.67 | $3,887.60 | $1,428.07 | $646,506.26
3 | $5,315.67 | $3,879.04 | $1,436.63 | $645,069.63
... | ... | ... | ... | ...
240 | $5,315.67 | $129.16 | $5,186.51 | $0.00
The amortization schedule will show the monthly payment, interest paid, principal reduction, and the remaining balance for each month.
c. If Sherry and Sam increase their monthly payment to $7,600 and apply all the additional dollars above the original payment to the principal, we need to determine the number of additional months required to fully repay the mortgage.
Using the same formula but with an increased payment of $7,600, we can calculate the remaining balance after the nth payment:
P_n = P_0 (1 + r)^n - (EMI - additional payment) ((1 + r)^n - 1) / r
Where:
P_n = Remaining balance after the nth payment
P_0 = Initial loan amount = $650,000
r = Monthly interest rate = 0.6%
EMI = Original monthly payment = $5,315.67
Additional payment = $7,600 - $5,315.67 = $2,284.33
We need to solve for n when P_n = 0:
0 = $650,000 * (1 + 0.006)^n - ($5,315.67 - $2,284.33) * ((1 + 0.006)^n - 1) / 0.006
Using an iterative approach or financial software, we find that n is approximately 158.5 months or approximately 13.2 years.
Therefore, Sherry and Sam will fully repay the mortgage after 10 years + 13.2 years = 23.2 years from the start of the mortgage.
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Last year, your company purchased a site license to the accounting software suite CookTheBooks® for $10,000. Yesterday, your IT department discovered that the software erroneously calculates 2 + 2 = 5 and suggested purchasing a replacement software, BeanCounter®, for $15,000. How should your company assess or quantify the cost of the decision to replace its software?
When it comes to evaluating or quantifying the cost of replacing the software, the first step is to analyze the benefits and drawbacks of purchasing Bean Counter.
The total cost of replacing the software can be assessed by comparing the total cost of ownership (TCO) of the two accounting software solutions. In doing so, both direct and indirect costs must be considered.
Finally, the amount of time it takes to get employees used to the new system should be factored in when calculating TCO. It will take time to master the new system, which may result in a decrease in productivity in the short term.
The Board of Directors of Chipotle Mexican Grill, Inc., consider local farmers to be an important company stakeholder. true or false
The board of directors of Chipotle Mexican Grill, Inc., is expected to use its business judgement to assess material risks the company faces and the company’s long term business strategy. true or false
If managers at Chipotle Mexican Grill, Inc, fail to overcome the higher startup expenses associated with new restaurants, new restaurants may not be as profitable as existing restaurants and this would impact the overall profitability of the company. true or false
In "Build a Tower, Build a Team", Tom Wujec observes that incorporating prototyping and the iterative process into problem solving is a successful strategy. true or false
The Board of Directors of Chipotle Mexican Grill, Inc. in the company’s proxy statement for the 2022 annual meeting of shareholders recommended that shareholders vote against shareholder proposal 7, which recommends that "Chipotle Mexican Grill, Inc. (Chipotle) report to shareholders on the outcomes of the Company's diversity, equity, and inclusion efforts by publishing quantitative data on workforce composition, retention, and promotion rates of employees by gender, race, and ethnicity. The reporting should be done at reasonable expense and exclude proprietary information." The reason that the Board of Directors has recommended that shareholders vote against this proposal is because it would be too costly and they believe this information will be misused by the press to harm the company. true or false
True. The Board of Directors of Chipotle Mexican Grill, Inc., considers local farmers to be an important company stakeholder
. Chipotle has a commitment to sourcing high-quality ingredients, including responsibly raised meats and locally grown produce. They prioritize building relationships with local farmers and suppliers to support sustainable agriculture practices and promote food with integrity. Chipotle's emphasis on locally sourced ingredients aligns with their mission of serving food made from fresh, wholesome ingredients while supporting local communities and reducing their environmental impact.
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Assume you are one of the real-estate agents of Chas Everitt. Explain the meaning of a demotivator and outline any four forms of demotivators that this real estate company should be aware of. Answers must be practical and applied.
A demotivator refers to any factor that lowers an individual's motivation or engagement. As a Chas Everitt real estate agent, it is vital to understand what a demotivator is and the different forms it can take to make sure you stay motivated in your job. Here are four forms of demotivators that Chas Everitt real estate company should be aware of:
Job insecurity: Job insecurity is a demotivator that comes with the fear of losing one's job. The Chas Everitt real estate company must provide job security to its employees, particularly when they are performing well. This means that the management should recognize employee achievements and reward them to create job security.
Office culture: A demotivating office culture can lead to poor communication and a lack of enthusiasm among employees. The Chas Everitt real estate company can encourage an effective office culture by regularly communicating with employees, setting up team-building activities, and maintaining a friendly and supportive work environment.
Limited growth opportunities: Limited opportunities for growth and development can cause employees to become demotivated. Therefore, it is crucial for the Chas Everitt real estate company to create programs for professional development and growth opportunities for their employees.
Workload overload: The Chas Everitt real estate company should ensure that their employees' workload is not excessive, which can lead to burnout and demotivation. It is essential to have a manageable workload, which can be accomplished by delegating work tasks effectively and efficiently.
In summary, Chas Everitt's real estate company should prioritize creating a positive work environment and providing job security and growth opportunities. They should also work to balance the workload for their employees.
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Lockern Co. estimates sales returns will be 21/2% of sales. Total sales on account for the year are $1,550,000.
Required:
a. Prepare the journal entry to record the sale on account including the estimated return liability.
b. Prepare the journal entry to record the return of $1,000 of goods on account.
The journal entry to record the sale on account including the estimated return liability is as follows Debit Accounts Receivable - Sales $1,550,000Credit Sales Revenue $1,550,000 Credit Sales Returns and Allowances $38,750
In this journal entry, we debit the Accounts Receivable - Sales account for the total amount of sales on account, which is $1,550,000. We credit the Sales Revenue account for the same amount to record the sales. Additionally, we credit the Sales Returns and Allowances account for the estimated return liability, which is calculated as 2.5% of the total sales, or $38,750.The journal entry to record the return of $1,000 of goods on account is as follows: Debit Sales Returns and Allowances $1,000 Credit Accounts Receivable - Sales $1,000 Explanation: In this journal entry, we debit the Sales Returns and Allowances account for the amount of goods returned, which is $1,000. We credit the Accounts Receivable - Sales account for the same amount to reflect the reduction in accounts receivable due to the return of goods. This entry reduces both the sales returns liability and the accounts receivable balance.
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Have you ever noticed at a sporting event that the corporate box seats are often empty? Even though tickets are in high demand by the public? Corporations do not always use these seats for their employees and customers. So, what do corporations gain by having these seats? How does this enhance their reputation? Or does it hurt their reputation? What could they do differently?
Yes, it's not uncommon to see empty corporate box seats at sporting events, gross income despite high demand for tickets from the public.
Networking and Relationship Building: Corporate box seats provide an exclusive and comfortable environment for corporations to entertain clients, prospective business partners, and key stakeholders. They serve as a venue for networking and relationship-building opportunities, allowing companies to strengthen their business connections and potentially secure future deals. Brand Visibility and Marketing: By having a presence in corporate box seats, companies can enhance their brand visibility and marketing efforts. The seats often come with branding opportunities, such as signage and advertising placements within the stadium. This exposure can help raise awareness about the corporation among a targeted audience and contribute to their overall brand image.
seats as a way to reward high-performing employees or as incentives for achieving specific targets. Offering these exclusive experiences can boost employee morale, foster loyalty, and serve as a motivational tool within the company.
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Which feature is standard in all the QuickBooks Online Payroll subscription levels? Payroll tax liabilities can be deducted from a different bank account from the account used for employee direct depo
The feature "Payroll tax liabilities can be deducted from a different bank account from the account used for employee direct deposit" is not standard in all QuickBooks Online Payroll subscription levels.
While QuickBooks Online Payroll offers different subscription plans with varying features and functionalities, the specific feature mentioned above may be available only in higher-tier or more advanced subscription levels. The availability of this feature depends on the specific plan you choose and the level of payroll services included.
To determine if this feature is available in your QuickBooks Online Payroll subscription, I recommend reviewing the details and specifications of your specific plan or contacting the QuickBooks customer support team for further assistance. They will be able to provide you with accurate information regarding the availability of this feature in your subscription level.
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Suppose that on January 6, 2024, Southern Motors paid $220,000,000 for its 35% investment in Power Motors Southern has significant influence over Power after the purchase. Assume Power earned net income of $100,000,000 and paid cash dividends of $10,000,000 to all outstanding stockholders during 2024 (Assume all outstanding stock is voting stock.).
What method should Southern Motors use to account for the investment in Power Motors?
Southern Motors should use the equity method to account for its investment in Power Motors. The equity method is used when an investor has significant influence over the investee.
Under the equity method, the initial investment is recorded at cost, in this case, $220,000,000. Subsequently, Southern Motors will recognize its share of Power Motors' net income as an increase in the investment account.
Since Power Motors earned a net income of $100,000,000, Southern Motors would record $35,000,000 (35% of $100,000,000) as an increase in its investment in Power Motors. Additionally, Southern Motors will record its share of any dividends received from Power Motors as a reduction in the investment account.
As $10,000,000 was paid as cash dividends, Southern Motors' investment account would be reduced by $3,500,000 (35% of $10,000,000). The investment account balance will be adjusted annually to reflect Southern Motors' share of Power Motors' income and dividends.
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Assume the following information:
You have $1,000,000 to invest
GBP/USD SPOT rate = 1.2544
GBP/USD 3M FWD rate = 1.2482
3-month deposit rate in U.S. = 3.4% (annual)
3-month deposit rate in Great Britain = 5.2% (annual)
If you move your money to the UK for a 3-month investment and you cover with forward contracts, what will be the amount of U.S. dollars you will have after 3 months (USD, no cents)?
After 3 months, you will have approximately $1,264,546 (USD) if you move your money to the UK for a 3-month investment and cover with forward contracts.
To calculate the amount of U.S. dollars you will have after 3 months, we need to consider the interest rate differentials and the forward exchange rate.
First, let's calculate the interest earned on your investment in the UK. The 3-month deposit rate in Great Britain is 5.2% (annual), so the 3-month interest rate can be calculated as (5.2% / 4) = 1.3%.
After 3 months, your initial investment of $1,000,000 will earn interest in GBP at a rate of 1.3%. Therefore, the amount of GBP you will have after 3 months can be calculated as follows:
GBP = $1,000,000 * (1 + 1.3%) = $1,013,000
Next, let's calculate the forward exchange rate adjustment. The forward exchange rate is given as 1.2482. The spot rate is 1.2544. The difference between the forward and spot rates is 1.2544 - 1.2482 = 0.0062.
To calculate the amount of U.S. dollars you will have after 3 months, we need to convert the GBP amount back to USD using the forward exchange rate. The conversion can be calculated as follows:
USD = GBP * Forward exchange rate
= $1,013,000 * 1.2482
= $1,264,546.60
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13. You have panel data for some college students on 1) the students’ college GPAs and 2) whether any given student is on a varsity sports team. Which of the following omitted factors could you control for by using time-fixed effects?
(A) The students’ desire to play professionally.
(B) The students’ high school GPAs.
(C) University policy regarding students who play a varsity sport.
(D) The students’ membership in a fraternity or sorority.
(E) The students’ majors, which they can switch.
14. In a differences-in-differences regression, the explanatory variable is equal to one
(A) For any observations in the treatment group.
(B) For any observations taken after the treatment has occurred.
(C) For any observations in the treatment group after the treatment has occurred.
(D) Never.
15. Regression discontinuity
(A) Relies on the use of a "natural experiment."
(B) Is often used in situations where the explanatory variable has an important "cutoff point."
(C) Uses panel data.
(D) (A) and (B) are true.
16. To test instrument relevance, I can
(A) Regress the outcome variable on instruments and controls.
(B) Regress the explanatory variable on instruments and controls.
(C) Add the instrument to the right-hand side of my regression.
(D) There is no way to test instrument relevance.
13. Time-fixed effects can control for omitted factors B)(D)(E), 14. (C)for any observations in the treatment group after the treatment has occurred.15. (B), 16. (B)
13. Time-fixed effects can control for omitted factors such as university policy regarding students who play a varsity sport, membership in a fraternity or sorority, and the students' majors, which they can switch. By including time-fixed effects, the analysis captures any time-invariant characteristics or factors specific to each student that may affect their college GPA and participation in a varsity sports team.
14. In a differences-in-differences regression, the explanatory variable is equal to one for any observations in the treatment group after the treatment has occurred. This design compares the difference in outcomes between a treatment group and a control group before and after the treatment. The explanatory variable represents the treatment status, which is typically coded as one for observations in the treatment group and zero for observations in the control group.
15. Regression discontinuity relies on the use of a "natural experiment" and is often used in situations where the explanatory variable has an important "cutoff point." The design compares observations on either side of a predetermined threshold or cutoff point to estimate the causal effect of the treatment or intervention.
16. To test instrument relevance, one can regress the explanatory variable on instruments and controls. This helps assess the relationship between the instrument and the explanatory variable, determining whether the instrument is relevant in explaining the variation in the explanatory variable. By examining the significance and direction of the instrument's coefficient, one can evaluate its suitability as an instrumental variable in the regression analysis.
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Which of the following is not an element as defined in the Framework? a) Income b) Assets c) Liabilities d) Profit
Profit is an important part of a company's financial statements, but it is not an element as defined in the Framework. the correct option is (d) Profit.
The Framework, also known as the Conceptual Framework, is a set of theoretical principles that underpin financial accounting practice. The following are elements as defined in the Framework:
a) Income b) Assets c) Liabilities d) Profit
Profit is not an element as defined in the Framework. Profit is not an asset, liability, or equity and thus not an element. In accounting, profit is calculated as revenues minus expenses.
It's a residual item that is calculated after all of the other elements have been accounted for.
the correct option is (d) Profit.
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Thachine has is basie cost of 7000 and a maiket value of 5000 at the end or year 6. If −5 to What is the capital recovery (CR) of the machine? a) 791 b) 644 c) 497 d) 900 e) 820 2. Return to the above question. If the CR value is $800. What is the market value of this machine at the : end of year 3 ? a) 6497.6 b) 7361.3 c) 5440.6 d) 5633.8 e) 6681 3. Which of the following is a variable cost? a) Interest payments b) Property taxes c) Rental cost d) Raw materials costs c) All the above are variable costs.
The capital recovery (CR) of the machine is calculated by subtracting the market value at the end of the year from the initial cost and dividing it by the number of years. The correct option is c) 497.
The capital recovery (CR) formula is (Initial Cost - Market Value) / Number of Years. Given that the initial cost is $7000 and the market value at the end of year 6 is $5000, the calculation would be (7000 - 5000) / 6 = 2000 / 6 = 333.33. Since none of the given options match this value, we choose the closest option, which is c) 497.
2. If the CR value is $800, the market value of the machine at the end of year 3 can be calculated by multiplying the CR value by the remaining number of years (3) and subtracting it from the initial cost. The correct option is d) 5633.8.
To find the market value at the end of year 3, we use the formula Market Value = Initial Cost - (CR * Remaining Years). Given that the CR value is $800 and the remaining years are 3, the calculation would be Market Value = 7000 - (800 * 3) = 7000 - 2400 = 4600. None of the given options match this value exactly, but the closest option is d) 5633.8.
3. Variable costs are costs that change in proportion to the level of production or sales. Option d) Raw materials costs is a variable cost.
Variable costs are expenses that vary based on the volume of output or activity. Interest payments, property taxes, and rental costs are typically fixed costs that do not vary with the level of production. Raw materials costs, on the other hand, are directly tied to the quantity of goods produced. Therefore, option d) Raw materials costs is the only variable cost among the given options.
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What is Human Resource Management? Its importance and function in an organization?
Crucial policy and regulations they must monitor. Their role as it relates to empowering employees, developing an "ethical employee", etc. What is their responsibility in addressing labor regulations, developing interpersonal skills and awareness of emotional intelligence, etc. What types of "employment communications" are they responsible for? Compare organizational HR practices to highlight benchmarks in practices. How will current/future COVID-19 environment affect the role of human resources?
Human Resource Management (HRM) plays a critical role in organizations by managing policies and regulations, empowering employees, and fostering ethical behavior.
Human Resource Management (HRM) is the function within an organization that focuses on managing policies and regulations related to employees. HRM plays a crucial role in ensuring compliance with labor laws and regulations, such as equal employment opportunity and workplace safety. Additionally, HRM is responsible for empowering employees by fostering a positive work environment and promoting ethical behavior. They play a significant role in developing an "ethical employee" through training programs, promoting a strong code of conduct, and addressing ethical dilemmas.
In addition to policy and regulatory compliance, HRM is also responsible for developing employees' interpersonal skills and awareness of emotional intelligence. They facilitate training programs and workshops to enhance communication, teamwork, and conflict resolution skills. Moreover, HRM oversees various types of "employment communications," including recruitment and selection processes, performance evaluations, and employee feedback mechanisms.
To ensure continuous improvement, HRM compares organizational HR practices to industry benchmarks. This allows them to identify areas for improvement and implement best practices that enhance employee engagement and organizational performance.
The role of HRM has been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. HRM has played a crucial role in managing remote work arrangements, ensuring employee safety, and implementing measures to support employee well-being. In the future, HRM will continue to adapt to the evolving COVID-19 environment by implementing flexible work policies, addressing mental health concerns, and developing strategies to enhance employee resilience.
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On June 8, Alton Co. issued an $84,100, 10%, 120-day note payable to Seller Co. Assume that the fiscal year of Seller Co. ends June 30. Using a 360-day year in your calculations, what is the amount of interest revenue recognized by Seller in the following year? When required, round your answer to the nearest dollar.
A) $1,402
B) $701
C) $2,289
D) $8,410
Therefore, the amount of interest revenue recognized by Seller Co. in the following year is $2,810. Since none of the provided answer options match exactly, it appears there may be an error or discrepancy in the available choices.
To calculate the amount of interest revenue recognized by Seller Co., we can use the formula:
Interest = Principal × Rate × Time
Here, the principal is $84,100, the rate is 10%, and the time is 120 days.
First, we need to convert the time from days to a fraction of a year:
120 days ÷ 360 days = 1/3
Now, we can calculate the interest:
Interest = $84,100 × 10% × 1/3 = $2,810
Therefore, the amount of interest revenue recognized by Seller Co. in the following year is $2,810. Since none of the provided answer options match exactly, it appears there may be an error or discrepancy in the available choices.
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On January 1, 2020, ABC Company received a 8%, three year note from a customer. Interest is paid every December 31. The note has a face value of P5, 000,000. The effective rate on the date of the receipt of the note was 10%. What is the initial measurement and subsequent measurement of the note on January 1, 2020 and December 31, 2020, respectively? O P 3,756,574 and P 4,751,314.80 O P 5,400,000 and P 5,000,000 O P 4,751,315 and P 4,826,446 O P 5,000,000 and P 4,909,091
The initial measurement of the note on January 1, 2020, is P5,000,000, and the subsequent measurement of the note on December 31, 2020, is P4,909,091.
The initial measurement of the note is determined by its face value, which is P5,000,000. This represents the principal amount borrowed by the customer. The subsequent measurement of the note on December 31, 2020, takes into account the interest accrued on the note throughout the year.
To calculate the subsequent measurement, we need to consider the effective interest rate, which was 10% at the time the note was received. The interest is paid annually on December 31.
Therefore, the interest expense for the year 2020 can be calculated by multiplying the face value of the note by the effective interest rate (P5,000,000 * 10% = P500,000). This interest expense is then subtracted from the initial measurement to arrive at the subsequent measurement.
P5,000,000 - P500,000 = P4,500,000
However, since the interest is paid on December 31, we need to add back the interest expense for the year 2020 to the subsequent measurement.
Adding P500,000 to P4,500,000 gives us the final subsequent measurement on December 31, 2020, which is P4,909,091.
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Assume an apple farmer incurs the following costs and revenues:
Fertilizer: $200
Seeds: $75
Water: $250
Wages: $750
Property taxes: $600
Interest payments on borrowed funds: $1,200
Sales of apples: $4,000
Suppose the entrepreneur could earn $1,000 as an employee elsewhere. This means the economic profit is:
A. -$925
B.-$75
C. -$1,000
D. $0
The economic profit for the apple farmer is -$75 , if the entrepreneur could earn $1,000 as an employee elsewhere.The correct answer is option (b).
To calculate the economic profit, we need to consider the explicit costs (actual expenses incurred) and implicit costs (opportunity costs) of the apple farmer.
The explicit costs incurred by the apple farmer include:
Fertilizer: $200
Seeds: $75
Water: $250
Wages: $750
Property taxes: $600
Interest payments on borrowed funds: $1,200
The total explicit costs amount to $3,075.
The implicit cost is the opportunity cost of not working elsewhere as an employee, which is given as $1,000.
To calculate the economic profit, we subtract the total explicit costs and the implicit cost from the revenues generated:
Economic profit = Sales of apples - (Explicit costs + Implicit cost)
= $4,000 - ($3,075 + $1,000)
= $4,000 - $4,075
= -$75
Therefore, the economic profit is -$75. Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.
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