The mimo control design using the cyclic method is unique beacuse,
An algebraic framework is used to illustrate the design and implementation of cyclic control, which includes Iterative Learning and Repetitive Control, for linear MIMO systems. The algebraic framework is frequently utilised in the construction of Iterative Learning Control and is also well suited for Repetitive Control. By diagonalizing the system matrix, the algebraic framework enables illustrative analysis and direct pole placement design of CC for SISO systems. MIMO systems can also be handled using this framework. However, a straightforward application of SISO designs for MIMO systems is not recommended. In most cases, this strategy will not result in control variable decoupling. This study describes a decoupling cyclic MIMO control architecture. The design and execution are carried out using a linked biaxial material testing equipment.Hence above answer is a correct answer.
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agno3(aq) and naf(aq) express your answer as a chemical equation. identify all of the phases in your answer. enter noreaction if no precipitate is formed.
It is ineffective for the detection of NaF since it doesn't react with NaF. AgNO3 + NaF = NaNO3 + AgF does not precipitate with fluoride ions.
How does one precipitate?To arrive at unexpectedly. an occasion that sparked war. to separate from a solution or suspension, or to cause separation. becoming a liquid or frozen and falling as rainy weather after changing from a vapor.
What is the purpose of precipitate?Precipitation is a common technique for removing metal ions from solution. For example, silver ions found in a solution of a salts, such as potassium iodide, are precipitated by adding chloride ions, which are, for example, present in a solution of sodium. Silver is then formed when the positive ions and platinum ions combine.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. in ionic bond formation, the lattice energy of ions___as the magnitude of the ion charges ___and the radii ___ .
In ionic bond formation, the lattice energy of ions increases as the magnitude of the ion charges increases and the radii decreases.
Ionic bonds, also known as electrovalent bonds, are a type of linkage created in a chemical molecule by the electrostatic attraction of ions with opposing charges. When the valence (outermost) electrons of one atom are permanently transferred to another atom, a bond of this kind is created.
The energy that changes when one mole of a crystalline ionic compound is formed from its component ions, which are assumed to initially be in the gaseous state, is known as the lattice energy. It gauges the cohesive forces that hold ionic solids together.
As the radius of ions increases the distance between their ions increases. Finally, less lattice energy is released during the process.
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what is the hybridization of the central atom in each of the following? 1. [ select ] beryllium chloride 2. [ select ] nitrogen dioxide 3. [ select ] carbon tetrachloride 4. [ select ] xenon tetrafluoride
The hybridization of the central atom in each of the following is :
Beryllium chloride : Be is sp hybridized
Nitrogen dioxide : N atom is sp² hybridized
Carbon tetrachloride : C is sp³ hybridized
Xenon tetrafluoride : Xe is sp³d² hybridized.
The Beryllium chloride hybridization : The central atom is Be and is sp hybridized.
The Nitrogen dioxide hybridization : the central atom is N and N atom is sp² hybridized
The Carbon tetrachloride : C is sp³ hybridized. The Xenon tetrafluoride : Xe is sp³d² hybridized.
Thus, The hybridization of the central atom in each of the following is :
Beryllium chloride : Be atom is sp hybridized
Nitrogen dioxide : N atom is sp² hybridized
Carbon tetrachloride : C is sp³ hybridized
Xenon tetrafluoride : Xe is sp³d² hybridized.
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draw particulate representations that shows the differences between a solid, liquid and gas. particle motion, intermolecular forces and overall volume must be highlighted in the representations.
A solid has a distinct definite shape and volume, a solution has a distinct volume but no distinct shape, and just a gas lacks both.
What does chemistry mean by intermolecular?The attracting and repellent forces that develop here between molecules that comprise a substance are referred to as intermolecular forces (IMF), which is sometimes shortened. These forces operate as a mediator between a substance's individual molecules. The majority of matter's physical and mechanical characteristics are caused by intermolecular forces.
What intermolecular forces exist?The forces that exist between molecules are known as intermolecular forces. That makes it distinct from just an intramolecular force, or the force that exists within a molecule.
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what is the wavelength in nm of the line in the spectrum of the hydrogen atom that arises from the transition of the elctron
The wavelength in nanometers for the line in spectrum of hydrogen atom will be 4.86nm.
We know that
1/ λ= R [ 1/n₂² - 1/ n₁²]
where, R is the Rydberg Constant 1.0974x107 m-1;
λ is the wavelength of transition and n is equal to the energy level (initial and final)
1/λ= 109677 [ 1/4² - 1/2²] cm⁻¹
1/λ= 20564.4 cm⁻¹
λ = 1/20564.4 cm
= 486 × 10⁻⁷
= 4.86 ₓ 10⁻⁹ cm
= 486 nm
So, the wavelength for transition will be 486 nanometers.
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Your question is incomplete, for the full question, please refer:
Calculate the wavelength of spectral line, when the electron in the hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from energy level 4 to the energy level 2.
suppose you mix 100.0 g of water at 24.9 c with 75.0 g of water at 71.0 c. what will the final temperature of the mixed water in c?
The final temperature of the mixed water is 44.66 ⁰C.
The given parameters;
mass of the cold water, m = 100 g
initial temperature of the water, t₁ = 24.9 ⁰C
initial temperature of the hot water, t₂ = 71.0⁰ C
mass of the hot water = 75 g
specific heat capacity of water is 4.184 J/g⁰C
The final temperature of the mixture is calculated as follows;
Based on the principle of conservation of energy;
Heat lost by hot water = heat gained by the cold water
mcΔθ₂ = mcΔθ₁
75 x 4.184 x (71.0 - T) = 100 x 4.184 x (T - 24.9)
75 x (71.0 - T) = 100 x (T - 24.9)
(71.0 - T) = 1.333(T - 24.9)
71.0 - T = 1.333T - 33.1917
71.0 + 33.1917 = 1.333T + T
104.1917 = 2.333T
Thus, the final temperature of the mixed water is 44.66 ⁰C.
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What volume of a 2. 000 m hcl solution is needed to generate 100. 0 ml of a 0. 1000 m solution of hcl?.
Answer: V x 2 = 0.1 x 0.1
0.01/2= 0.005 L or 5 ml
Explanation:
water ( h2o ) is a polar solvent, and carbon tetrachloride ( ccl4 ) is a nonpolar solvent. in which solvent is each of the following substances, found or used in the body, more likely to be soluble?
The supplied statement states that carbon tetrachloride (ccl4) is a nonpolar solvent and water (h2o) is a polar solvent.
What is an example of a solvent?Solvent Case Studies. The usual examples of solvents are acetone, ethanol, water, and methanol. A chemical that has the capacity to breakdown a certain solute and combine with it to produce a solution is referred to as a "solvent."
What kinds of solvents are there?There are two different kinds of solvents: organic and inorganic. Carbon doesn't exist in inorganic liquids. Water and pure ammonium are the most popular inorganic liquids, but solvents like alcohols and glycol ethers have carbon and oxygen as structural constituents.
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Are amino acids equivalent to proteins?.
A protein consists of one or more chains of amino acids (called polypeptides) whose sequence is encoded in a gene. Thus amino acids bind together to form proteins.
All of the body's tissues and organs, including muscle, bone, skin, hair, and every other component or tissue, contain protein. It creates the hemoglobin, which provides oxygen to your blood, and the enzymes that power numerous chemical reactions.
The body uses large, complex molecules called proteins for a number of essential processes. They do the majority of their work in cells.
Amino acids, which are small natural compounds with an alpha (critical) carbon atom coupled to an amino organization, a carboxyl institution, a hydrogen atom, and a variable component known as an aspect chain, are the building blocks of proteins.
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How do you test pH of sanitizer?.
Compare the color of the strip immediately with the attached color chart, which corresponds to concentrations of 0-100-200-300-400ppm, after submerging it in the sanitizer for 10 seconds.
A pH test strip is a strip of litmus paper used to determine the pH level of a liquid. The chemical in the paper makes the paper display a varied color at various acidities. The official pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 0 being very acidic and 14 being very alkaline. Some pH test strips can detect a pH scale range of 0 to 14, however other pH test strips can only assess acidic or alkaline substances even to test in sanitizers.
PH test strips, commonly referred to as a litmus test, are used to measure the pH level of a liquid, for example, ph test strips for water to spray the crop with. The pH of a liquid determines whether it is acidic, neutral, or base.
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If a student accidentally adds deionized water past the calibrated mark on the volumetric flask, he should.
If a student accidentally adds deionized water past the calibrated mark on the volumetric flask, he should discard the excess solution and prepare a new solution.
How are dilute solutions prepared?Diluted solutions of substances are prepared by placing a given volume of the stock solution in a volumetric flask, then deionized water is added to the determined final volume of the solution that will give the final diluted solution.
In order to determine the final volume of the solution to be prepared, the dilution formula is used.
The dilution formula is given below as follows:
C₁V₁ = C₂V₂
where
C₁ is the initial concentration of the stock solutionC₂ is the final concentration of the diluted solutionV₁is the original volume of the stock solutionV₂ is the final volume of the stock solutionDuring a dilution, care should be taken not to add the deionized water beyond the mark, else, a new solution must be prepared.
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Predict the products of the following acid-base reactions, and predict whether the equilibrium lies to the left or to the right of the reaction arrow. O2?(aq)+H2O(l)? Express your answer as part of a chemical equation. Identify all of the phases in your answer. O2?(aq)+H2O(l)? OH?(aq)+OH?(aq)
The product that is formed in the above given acid base reaction is the hydroxyl ions. And the equilibrium lies on the right of the reaction arrow.
An acid–base reaction is a type of chemical reaction that usually involves the exchange of one or more hydrogen ions, H+, between species that may be neutral (molecules, such as water, H2O) or electrically charged ones such as (ions, such as ammonium, NH4+; hydroxide, OH−; or carbonate, CO32−).
In the Bronsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases a strong base is a compound that is capable to deprotonate most other molecules that are containing an ionizable hydrogen as an acid. One of the most common strong bases are the group 1 alkali metal hydroxides such as NaOH.
From the above given equation we can say that the oxide anion is the conjugate base of the hydroxide ion, which itself is a strong base. Therefore the oxide anion is an even stronger base when compared to the hydroxide. It is such a strong ion that it will strongly remove protons from solvent water molecules in order to form hydroxide ions. This reaction is so favorable that it will go fully to completion on the product side.
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Which of the following receipts states that coverage will begin immediately for a specific length of time, regardless of whether the applicant is ultimately approved for coverage by the insurer?
A temporary insurance agreement states that coverage will begin immediately for a specific length of time, regardless of whether the applicant is ultimately approved for coverage by the insurer.
The correct answer is: 1. Temporary insurance agreement Temporary Insurance Agreements: Coverage Begins Immediately:This type of agreement is often used to cover people who are in the process of applying for a more permanent policy but need coverage in the interim. It is important to note that the terms of a temporary insurance agreement may differ from those of a more permanent policy, so it is important to read the agreement carefully to understand the coverage and any limitations.
Complete question:Which of the following receipts states that coverage will begin immediately for a specific length of time, regardless of whether the applicant is ultimately approved for coverage by the insurer?
1. Temporary insurance agreement 2. Insurance policy receipt 3. Proof of insurance receipt 4. Certificate of insurance 5. Coverage confirmation receiptLearn more about Temporary insurance agreement :
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Consider the reaction of solid P₄ and chlorine gas to form gaseous phosphorus trichloride.
The balanced chemical equation is P₄(s) + 6 Cl₂(g) → 4 PCl₃(g). What is the mass in grams of phosphorus trichloride that can be formed from 154.5 grams of P₄ based on the balanced chemical equation?
The mass of phosphorus trichloride that can be formed from 154.5 grams of [tex]P_4[/tex] would be 686.65 grams.
Stoichiometric problemFrom the balanced equation of the reaction:
[tex]P_4(s) + 6 Cl_2(g) -- > 4 PCl_3(g)[/tex]
The mole ratio of the phosphorus that reacts to the phosphorus trichloride that is formed is 1:4. In other words, every 1 mole of phosphorus will yield 4 moles of phosphorus trichloride.
The mole equivalent of 154.5 grams of phosphorus can be determined:
Mole = mass/molar mass
Molar mass of [tex]P_4[/tex] = 124 g/mol
Mole = 154.5/124
= 1.25 moles
From the mole ratio, the equivalent mole of phosphorus trichloride would be:
1.25 x 4 = 5 mol
The molar mass of phosphorus trichloride is 137.33 g/mol.
Mass of 5 mol phosphorus trichloride = 5 x 137.33
= 686.65 grams
In other words, the mass of phosphorus trichloride that can be formed from 154.5 grams of [tex]P_4[/tex] based on the balanced chemical equation is 686.65 grams.
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The mass in grams of phosphorus trichloride that can be formed from 154.5grams of P₄ is 686.7grams.
How to calculate mass stoichiometrically?Stoichiometry is the study and calculation of quantitative (measurable) relationships of the reactants and products in chemical reactions (chemical equations).
According to this question, solid P₄ reacts with chlorine gas to form gaseous phosphorus trichloride as follows:
P₄(s) + 6Cl₂(g) → 4PCl₃(g)
1 mole of P₄ forms 4 moles of 4PCl₃
moles = 154.5g ÷ 124g/mol = 1.25mol of P₄
1.25 × 4 = 5 moles of PCl₃.
mass = 137.33 × 5 = 686.7grams.
Therefore, 686.7grams is the mass of phosphorus trichloride that would be produced by phosphorus.
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Baking soda is a critical component of chemical spill kits. Why would a chemist need baking soda to help clean up spills?.
Baking soda or sodium bicarbonate are typically suggested by chemistry lab protocols to neutralize acid spills. Even today, to clean up the occasional tiny acid leak, the majority of working laboratories use a solution of baking soda and water.
Why is baking soda so useful?Carbon dioxide is produced chemically when baking soda is combined with liquid, acid, and heat. Soft and fluffy baked items like cookies, pancakes, and cakes are made possible by these microscopic CO2 gas bubbles. Baking soda decreases gluten while raising pH levels.
Baking soda or sodium bicarbonate are typically suggested by chemistry lab protocols to neutralize acid spills. Even today, to clean up the occasional tiny acid leak, the majority of working laboratories use a solution of baking soda and water.
Many waters are corrosive, soft, and acidic with a pH below 6.5. So, during water treatment, sodium compounds like sodium bicarbonate are added to raise the water's pH level.
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What are the activities and goals of anthropology?.
The activities and goals of anthropology is to pursue a holistic understanding.
The anthropology discover what makes the people different from the each other. it discover what all people have in common . anthropology is based on the etymology comes from the Greek words Anthropos that means man and logos means science of study. it is by understanding the relation between the human biology , language and culture.
The anthropology will provides the possibility to explore the every aspect of the human existence. it answer the questions of yourself , you past , present and the future. it helps to connect the everyone from the globe around.
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What is the equation for lactic fermentation after glycolysis?.
The equation for lactic fermentation after glycolysis is:
pyruvic acid + NADH → lactic acid + NAD⁺
Skeletal muscles are where lactic acid fermentation takes place. When there is not enough oxygen, lactate dehydrogenase converts pyruvate to lactic acid. Lactic acid accumulation in the muscles causes fatigue. Muscle cells and other bacterial and animal cells engage in a type of anaerobic fermentation.
The metabolic process known as lactic acid fermentation turns glucose or other six-carbon sugars into the metabolite lactate, which is the lactic acid in solution, and cellular energy.
The creation of many food products involves the bacterial process known as lactic fermentation. It serves a critical function in food safety by giving the finished products distinctive scents and textures.
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What is the significance of the oxygen revolution?.
The oxygen revolution led to both a significant restructuring of what could live where and a chance for the appearance in much more locations/niches.
How much oxygen is there?The sole sort of atom in oxygen makes it a chemical element, which is a substance. An oxygen atom has eight protons in its nucleus, as indicated by its atomic number of 8, which is represented by the letter O in its official chemical formula.
Air or a gas: which is oxygen?Oxygen is a transparent, tasteless, and cloud of gas that is important across all living creatures. It is ingested by animals, who then convert it to carbon dioxide, which is then used by plants to create new carbon and release oxygen back into the atmosphere.
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The fact that the four new elements are period 7 of the table means that they all:.
The fact that the four new elements are Period 7 of the table means that they all: C. form ions with charges of 7⁺.
What is a periodic table?A periodic table can be defined as an organized tabular array of all the chemical elements that are typically arranged in order of increasing atomic number (number of protons), in rows.
What is an ion?In Chemistry, an ion can be defined as an atom of a chemical element or molecule that gains or lost one or more of its valence electrons, thereby, giving it a net electrical charge. Additionally, the net electrical charge of an atom of a chemical element (ion) can either be positive or negative.
Since the new chemical elements are found in Period 7 of the periodic table, we can logically deduce that they would all form ions that positive charges of 7⁺.
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Complete Question:
The fact that the four new elements are Period 7 of the table means that they all:
A. have seven shells of electrons
B. have seven valence electrons
C. form ions with charges of 7⁺
D. have an effective nuclear charge of 7⁺
the most abundant intracellular cation is (fill the blank), while the most abundant extracellular anion is (fill the blank).
The most abundant intracellular cation is Potassium (K+), while the most abundant extracellular anion is chloride (Cl-). On the other hand, the major intracellular anion (negatively charged ion) is hydrogen phosphate (HPO4-) and the major extracellular cation (positively charged ion) is sodium (Na+).
What is intracellular fluid (ICF) ?The fluid found inside cells is known as intracellular fluid. The majority of the molecules in the intracellular fluid or the cytosol are water, dissolved ions, tiny molecules, and big, water-soluble compounds (such as proteins).
Why potassium is the major cation of ICF?The main intracellular cation is potassium. Post membrane depolarization and action potentials, potassium aids in establishing the resting membrane potential in neurons and muscle fibers.
What is extracellular fluid (ECF)?Extracellular fluid is the bodily fluid that is not housed within the cells. It can be found in biological tissues like muscle and blood as well as in fluids like lymph and serous (moisture-exuding) membrane-lined compartments in the body.
What chloride is the major anion of ECF?The most common extracellular anion is chloride. The chloride ion plays a significant role in maintaining proper hydration. Chloride works to preserve the ECF's electrical neutrality by balancing the cations in this fluid. In the renal system, chloride ion secretion and reabsorption follow sodium ion pathways.
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Based on the bond angles in ch4 , nh3 , and h2o , rank the magnitude of these repulsions.
When a transversal crosses a pair of parallel lines same side interior angle pair are supplimentary.
What is angle?
Angle is the space between two intersecting lines or surface at or close to the point where they meet.
Sol-We are given that two parallel lines are intersected by a transversal.
We have to find pair of supplementary angle
Supplementary angle: Two angles whose sum is equal to 180 degrees are called supplementary angles.
Corresponding angles
It is not necessary that sum of corresponding angles is always equal to 180 degrees.Therefore, pair of angles are not always supplementary.
Thus it is true.
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using the folloing two reactants draw the mechanism and prodcuts for reactions based on the four different mechansims we have learned sn1, e1, sn2, ze2
The reaction is unimolecular (E1 or SN1) is if base/nucleophile is weak. Recap: If strong, use SN2 or E2, and if weak, use SN1 or E1. Be mindful of this.
What are reactions, exactly?reaction. one or maybe more new substances are formed as a result of the reorganization of the atoms and molecules of solvents that come into contact. Electrons of one material interact with any of those of another to produce chemical reactions.
What is a person's response?The length of time that passes between the administration of a signal as well as a human's response to it is known as human reaction time (HRT). The first phase in the ruling process is reaction time. HRT is a crucial gauge of our ability to comprehend information.
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Humans have three types of cone cells in their eyes, which are responsible for color vision, Each type absorbs a certain part of the visible spectrum. Suppose a particular cone cell absorbs light with a wavelength of 531.nm. Calculate the frequency of this light. Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.
This light has a frequency of 5.64*1014s-1. Humans have three different types of cone cells in their eyes, each of which absorbs a specific range of colours from the visible spectrum.
The frequency of an event is its repetitions per unit of time. As a contrast to spatial frequency, it is also sometimes referred to as temporal frequency, and as a contrast to angular frequency, it is sometimes referred to as ordinary frequency.
Photoreceptor cells known as cone cells, or cones, are found in the retinas of vertebrate eyes, including the human eye. The combination of their responses is what causes colour vision. They react differently to light of various wavelengths. They are called cone cells .
Wavelength of the radiation absorbed by the cone : 531 nm
We will use the relationship 1 m = 10⁹ nm.
531nm*(1/10^9) = 5.31*10^-7 m
c = lamda*v
v= c/lamda = 3.00*10^8/5.31*10^-7 = 5.64*10^14s^-1
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london dispersion forces . (select all that apply.) multiple select question. are found within nonpolar molecules are stronger for larger molecules than smaller ones are intermolecular attractions are not affected when a liquid evaporates are much weaker than the covalent bonds within the hydrocarbon molecule
London dispersion forces are: a)Found within nonpolar molecules b)Stronger for larger molecules than smaller ones d) Much weaker than the covalent bonds within the hydrocarbon molecule. So, options a, b, d applied.
The London dispersion force considered as the weakest intermolecular force. The London dispersion force is considered as a temporary attractive force that results when the electrons present in two adjacent atoms occupy the positions that make the atoms to form the temporary dipoles. This force is sometimes called as induced dipole-induced dipole attraction
These forces are defined for the molecule. These type of forces behaves positively when temperature changes. When we increase the temperature ,in that case molecules starts making distance from each other due to that intermolecular force of attraction gets weaker.
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(Complete question) is:
London dispersion forces . (select all that apply.) multiple select question. are
a)Found within nonpolar molecules
b)Stronger for larger molecules than smaller ones
c)Intermolecular attractions are not affected when a liquid evaporates
d)Much weaker than the covalent bonds within the hydrocarbon molecule
give the theoretical yield, in moles, of co2 from the reaction of 4.00 moles of c8h18 with 4.00 moles of o2.
In a chemical reaction, the maximum amount of the product that can be formed is called the theoretical yield. This along with the actual yield gives the percentage yield.2.56 moles CO[tex]2[/tex] theoretical yield.
How to calculate the theoretical yield?In a chemical reaction, the maximum amount of the product that can be formed is called the theoretical yield.
Given,
Moles of = 4 moles
Moles of = 4 moles
The molar mass of the [tex]CO{2}[/tex] = 44g/Mol
The balanced chemical reaction can be shown as,
[tex]2C_{8} H_{18}[/tex] +[tex]25CO_{2}[/tex] ---[tex]16CO_{2}[/tex]+[tex]18H_{2}O[/tex]
From the reaction, it can be said that,
25 moles of oxygen reacts with 2 moles of [tex]C_{8} H_{18}[/tex]
So, 4 moles of oxygen = X moles of [tex]C_{8} H_{18}[/tex]
X= 2/25×4
= 0.32 moles
From this, it can be said that oxygen is the limiting reagent.
25 moles of Oxygen = 16 moles of [tex]CO_{2}[/tex]
4 moles of Oxygen = X moles of [tex]CO_{2}[/tex]
X = 16/25 ×4
= 2.56 moles
Therefore, 2.56 moles of Carbon dioxide is produced.
The complete question is : Give the theoretical yield, in moles, of CO2 from the reaction of 4.00 moles of C8H18 with 4.00 moles of O2. 2 C8H18(l) + 25 O2(
g. → 16 CO2(
g. + 18 H2O(
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following is a written and visual description of the hershey and chase experiment. complete the blank in step 1 as well as the two labels in the diagram.
Three phases made up Hershey and Chase's experiment: infecting, mixing, centrifugation .
What is an infection, for instance?An infection occurs when a germ damages a person after entering their body.The bacterium reproduces and establishes a colony These pathogenic tiny organisms are contagious and reproduce swiftly. Pathogens include, for instance, bacteria.
Why do infections occur?An infection happens when germs get into the body, grow there, and then start the body reacting .Three things must happen for an infection to occur: Source: Infectious (germ) agent habitats (e.g., sinks, surfaces, human skin) a vulnerable individual who serves as a germ entrance point.
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which of the molecular orbital diagrams is correctly filled for the diatomic molecule r2? (each atom of r has six valence electrons in ns and np orbitals.)
Atomic orbitals are the areas to the left and right of the dashed lines. The possible molecular orbitals that they can form are indicated by the dashed lines.
Normally, in diatomic molecular orbitals, the atomic orbitals with the closest energy level can overlap with each other and form molecular orbitals. Therefore, the atomic orbitals generally tend to overlap one by one from the lowest potential energy to the highest potential energy. For example, in a homonuclear diatomic molecule, which means that both atoms are the same element, the same orbitals will overlap together and form molecular orbitals.
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a strong electrolyte will a) completely dissociate in solution b) will only partially dissociate in aqueous solution. c) will not dissociate in solution. d) will be insoluble in solution.
A strong electrolyte will a) completely dissociate in solution.
In the field of science, an electrolyte can be described as such a substance that dissociated into positive and negative charges and conducts electricity.
An electrolyte is able to dissociate itself in the aqueous state and as a result, electrical conduction takes places.
Such electrolytes that are able to completely able to dissociate into positive and negative ions when in a liquid medium are called strong electrolytes. On the other hand, those substances that are not able to dissociate completely are weak.
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How does oxygen react to form ionic compounds?.
Since oxygen has an electronegativity of 3.5, any alkali any alkaline metal will ionically interact with oxygen to create an ionic molecule.
What are some examples of electronegativity?The ability of an atom to draw in an electron binding pair determines its electronegativity. The Pauling scale is the most popular. With a value of 4.0 for fluorine, cesium and francium are really the least electronegative elements, with a value of 0.7.
What substances affect electronegativity?An atom's electronegativity is affected by its atomic number and the distance between its charged nucleus and valence electrons. The more electronegativity an atom or substituent group has, the more electrons they will attract.
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the element gold contains group of answer choices gold atoms. atoms that combine to produce gold. gold atoms plus various slightly lighter and heavier atoms.
Chemical bonding between atoms results in the formation of compounds, which are original structure of Gold made up of two or more atoms. Chemical formulas can be used to describe a compound's fundamental makeup.
What is Lighter and heavier atoms ?
Uranium is the heaviest element that naturally occurs in substantial amounts (atomic number 92). Like gold, it is mineable. A natural occurrence of technetium (atomic number 43) is not known. Atomic number 61 promethium does not naturally occur. In nature, Plutonium-244 (244Pu) has been found!
Light elements like hydrogen and helium were created at the big bang, while stars' centres use fusion to create elements up to iron. Gallium and bromine, two heavier elements, require something more, like a supernova.
By consulting the periodic chart, you can quickly determine which elements are the lightest (see Resources).
The top number on each element's square, the atomic number, indicates how many protons are present, while the bottom number, the mass number, indicates the relative atomic mass of each element.
What are the contents of Gold ?
All naturally occurring gold is the isotope Au-197. The radioactivity of the remaining 28 isotopes allows for their artificial production. The periodic table shows that gold, silver, and copper together make up a column. They are all naturally occurring and were the first three elements that man was aware of.
The chemical element gold has the atomic number 79 and the symbol Au (derived from the Latin word aurum). This places it among the naturally occurring elements with higher atomic numbers. In its purest state, it is a vivid, slightly orange-yellow, thick, soft, malleable, and ductile metal.
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