__________ Is the term used to describe the amount of control or influence that consumers have on a market.

O sovereignty

O competition

O oligopoly
O sovereignty

Answers

Answer 1

Competition is the term used to describe the amount of control or influence that consumers have on a market. The correct answer is option B.

Competition is a market mechanism that allows buyers and sellers to freely interact and control the price of goods and services. It is a market condition that arises when there are several buyers and sellers in the market, each having the freedom to enter and exit the market with ease.Competition is beneficial to consumers in that it allows them to have more control and influence over a market.

When there is a lot of competition in a market, consumers have the power to demand better quality goods and services, lower prices, and better customer service.Competition ensures that producers are always trying to improve the quality of their goods and services, lower their prices, and offer better customer service.

In a competitive market, producers must always be looking for ways to innovate and improve their products in order to remain competitive and to maintain their market share.

In conclusion, competition is the term used to describe the amount of control or influence that consumers have on a market. It is the cornerstone of a free market economy, and it ensures that producers are always working hard to meet the needs and demands of consumers.

Hence, option B is the right one.

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Related Questions

Company A, manufacturer of prefabricated houses for over 20 years, designated the Division 1 as an investment center. Presently, Division 1 generated a sales revenue of P4,800,000, net operating income of P696,000 and reported an asset balance of P4,000,000. The president has indicated that the division's rate of return on investment must be increased to at least 20 % by end of the next year if operations are to continue. If Division 1 were in an industry where the profit margin could not be increased, how much would the investment turnover have to increase to meet the president's required ROI?

Answers

To meet the president's required ROI of 20%, Division 1's investment turnover must increase to 137.93%.

Company A, a manufacturer of prefabricated houses for over 20 years, designated Division 1 as an investment center. Presently, Division 1 generated a sales revenue of P4,800,000, a net operating income of P696,000, and reported an asset balance of P4,000,000. The president has indicated that the division's rate of return on investment must be increased to at least 20 % by the end of next year if operations are to continue. If Division 1 were in an industry where the profit margin could not be increased, the investment turnover would have to increase to meet the president's required ROI.An investment center is a department, division, or subsidiary of a business that is expected to generate a return higher than the company's hurdle rate, which is the minimum acceptable rate of return. A company's ROI is calculated by dividing its net operating income by its average operating assets. To increase ROI, either net operating income must increase, or average operating assets must decrease.

According to the information provided above:

Net operating income = P696,000

Total operating assets = P4,000,000

Rate of return on investment = 17.4% (i.e., 696,000 ÷ 4,000,000 × 100)

Required rate of return on investment = 20 %

To calculate the investment turnover required to meet the president's required ROI, use the following formula:

ROI = Investment turnover x Profit margin

ROI = Net operating income ÷ Total operating assets

Profit margin = Net operating income ÷ Sales revenue

To achieve the required ROI, the investment turnover would have to be equal to:

ROI = Investment turnover x Profit margin20% = Investment turnover x (696,000 ÷ 4,800,000)20% = Investment turnover x 0.145Investment turnover = 20% ÷ 0.145Investment turnover = 137.93 %

Therefore, to meet the president's required ROI of 20%, Division 1's investment turnover must increase to 137.93%.

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Rudyard Corporation had 260,000 shares of common stock and 26,000 shares of 5%, $100 par convertible preferred stock outstanding during the year Net income for the year was $560,000 and dividends were paid to both common and preferred shareholders. Rudyard's effective tax rate is 25% What is Rudyard's basic EPS?

Answers

Rudyard Corporation had 260,000 shares of common stock and 26,000 shares of 5%, $100 par convertible preferred stock outstanding during the year. Net income for the year was $560,000 and dividends were paid to both common and preferred shareholders. Rudyard's effective tax rate is 25%. What is Rudyard's basic EPS?Answer: Rudyard Corporation's basic earnings per share is $1.75

Explanation:Rudyard Corporation's basic earnings per share is $1.75Basic earnings per share (EPS) is calculated by dividing net income attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. In this case, there are 260,000 shares of common stock and 26,000 shares of 5% $100 par convertible preferred stock outstanding during the year.

Therefore, the number of common shares outstanding during the year was 260,000. Preferred stock is not included in the calculation of basic EPS since it is not considered a common share. Net income for the year was $560,000 and Rudyard's effective tax rate is 25%.

Dividends were paid to both common and preferred shareholders; however, we only need to know the dividends paid to common shareholders to compute basic EPS. The $26,000 in dividends paid to preferred shareholders is not deducted from net income since it is not an expense. The dividends paid to common shareholders were not given in the question. We have to compute the dividends paid to common shareholders since we need this to compute basic EPS.We will compute the dividends paid to common shareholders by subtracting the dividends paid to preferred shareholders from the total dividends paid.

We assume that preferred stock was outstanding for the entire year.

The dividends paid to preferred shareholders are: 5% × $100 × 26,000 = $130,000.

The total dividends paid are not given. We assume that dividends are paid annually; therefore, they are equal to the preferred dividend plus the common dividend.

Preferred dividends are $130,000, so the total dividends paid are $130,000 + common dividends.Rudyard's net income was $560,000, and the effective tax rate is 25%; t

herefore, taxes paid were 0.25 × $560,000 = $140,000.

Hence, common dividends paid were $560,000 - $140,000 - $130,000 = $290,000.

The weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period is 260,000.

Thus, Rudyard Corporation's basic earnings per share is $1.75. Basic EPS = (Net income - Preferred dividends) / Weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period= ($560,000 - $130,000) / 260,000= $430,000 / 260,000= $1.75

Therefore, Rudyard Corporation's basic earnings per share is $1.75.

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What does a convex tax code imply? How does a company benefit
from hedging if it faces a convex tax code? If the corporate tax
rate is flat, would a firm benefit from hedging?

Answers

A convex tax code means that the effective tax rate increases as taxable income increases at an increasing rate. When the tax code is convex, a firm will benefit from hedging.

Let's discuss how a company benefits from hedging if it faces a convex tax code and if the corporate tax rate is flat. If a company faces a convex tax code, then it implies that the effective tax rate rises faster than the nominal tax rate. A company can benefit from hedging in such a situation because if it generates positive cash flows, then the incremental tax paid on the additional cash flows will be higher than the average tax paid on the existing cash flows. The company can reduce its tax payments by decreasing its future taxable income through hedging.

Therefore, a company can benefit from hedging when it faces a convex tax code. However, if the corporate tax rate is flat, then a firm would not benefit from hedging because a firm's tax liability would not change due to hedging. Therefore, a firm would not benefit from hedging when the corporate tax rate is flat. In conclusion, a convex tax code implies that the effective tax rate increases as taxable income increases at an increasing rate. A company benefits from hedging when it faces a convex tax code but would not benefit from hedging when the corporate tax rate is flat.

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Jaden (single) has a traditional IRA to which he has made only deductible contributions. At the end of 2022, Jaden is 74 years old. Jaden's required minimum distribution (RMD) from his IRA for 2022 is $5,200. Before considering the RMD, Jaden's AGI is $102,000. Jaden does not itemize deductions. a. What is Jaden's AGI if Jaden receives the RMD and donates the $5,200 distribution proceeds to a qualifying charity? b. What is Jaden's AGI if Jaden directs the IRA trustee to transfer the $5,200 distribution directly to a qualifying charity as a qualified charitable donation (QCD)?

Answers

a) The value of Jaden's AGI would be $96,800.

b) Jaden's AGI will be $102,000 Jaden directs the IRA trustee to transfer the $5,200 distribution directly to a qualifying charity as a qualified charitable donation (QCD).

a. Jaden's AGI if he donates the $5,200 distribution proceeds to a qualifying charity

After considering the $5,200 distribution proceeds for a qualifying charity, Jaden's AGI would be $96,800.

b. Jaden's AGI if he transfers $5,200 to a qualified charitable donation (QCD)

If Jaden transfers $5,200 to a qualified charitable donation (QCD), Jaden's AGI will be $102,000, the same as it was before the qualified charitable distribution.

So, if he directly transfers his RMD to a qualified charity as a qualified charitable donation (QCD), it would not be taxable.

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b) After preparing the original estimates, management determined that its variable manufacturing cost of leaf blowers would increase by 20% and the variable selling cost of hedge clippers would increase by $1.00 per unit. However, the management has decided not to change the selling price of either product. In addition, the management has learned that its leaf blower has been perceived as the best value in the market, and expects to sell 20% more units of leaf blower than was originally budgeted. At the same time, it expects 20% drop in the volumes of the other two products. Determine how many units of each product it needs to sell in order to breakeven during the year XXX1?

Answers

Break-even analysis is used to determine the minimum level of sales that are necessary to avoid the loss and earn a profit, which is essential for every organization to stay in business. In order to calculate the breakeven point, a company must know its variable and fixed costs, and then use the breakeven formula to calculate the level of sales required to cover total costs.

The breakeven point can be calculated as follows: Breakeven Sales Volume = Fixed Costs / (Selling Price - Variable Costs)Particulars Leaf Blower Hedge Clippers Grass TrimmerSelling Price $ 80.00  $ 50.00  $ 35.00
Variable Costs $ 40.00  $ 20.00  $ 15.00
Contribution Margin $ 40.00  $ 30.00  $ 20.00
Contribution Margin % 50% 60% 57%Fixed Costs $ 50,000.00Breakeven Sales Volume 1,250.00 2,500.00 3,333.33
The company needs to sell 1,563 leaf blowers, 1,724 hedge clippers, and 2,500 grass trimmers in order to breakeven during the year XXX1.

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If government spending increases and taxes are raised to keep the budget balanced, which of the following is true?
OA. One component of aggregate demand will increase and another will decrease. The AD curve shifts to the left.
B. Two components of aggregate demand will increase. The AD curve shifts to the right.
OC. One component of aggregate demand will increase and another will decrease. The AD curve shifts to the right.
OD. Two components of aggregate demand will decrease. The AD curve shifts to the left.

Answers

When government spending increases and taxes are raised to keep the budget balanced, (A) one component of aggregate demand will increase and another will decrease. The AD curve shifts to the left.

Aggregate demand (AD) is the total spending in the economy.
The equation for aggregate demand is as follows:
AD = C + I + G + (X – M)
Where: C = Consumer spending
I = Investment spending
G = Government spending
X = Exports
M = Imports
If government spending increases and taxes are raised to keep the budget balanced, it would decrease consumer and investment spending since they are inversely related to taxes and are a part of aggregate demand. As a result, one component of aggregate demand will increase and another will decrease. The AD curve shifts to the left.
Two things to note here are:
1. An increase in government spending would increase aggregate demand.
2. An increase in taxes would decrease aggregate demand.

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LaVine Corp. had 1,000,000 shares of common stock outstanding throughout 2021.
On April 1, 2021, LaVine issued $9 million of ten year, 8% bonds. Beginning April 1, 2023, bondholders may exercise a conversion privilege to convert the bonds into 315,000 shares of LaVine common stock.
During 2021, LaVine reported $7,500,000 of net income and paid $350,000 in preferred dividends.
LaVine's marginal income tax rate is 25%.
What is LaVine's 2021 diluted earnings per share?
A. $7.15
B. $6.07
C. $6.22
D. $5.98
E. $6.11
F. $5.85

Answers

LaVine's diluted earnings per share (EPS) for 2021 is approximately $6.11. Option E is correct.

To calculate LaVine's diluted earnings per share (EPS) for 2021, we need to consider the impact of the convertible bonds.

First, let's calculate the basic EPS:

Net Income = $7,500,000

Preferred Dividends = $350,000

Common Net Income = Net Income - Preferred Dividends

Common Net Income = $7,500,000 - $350,000

Common Net Income = $7,150,000

Basic EPS = Common Net Income / Weighted Average Number of Common Shares

Since there were 1,000,000 shares outstanding throughout 2021, the weighted average number of common shares is also 1,000,000.

Basic EPS = $7,150,000 / 1,000,000

Basic EPS = $7.15

Next, let's calculate the diluted EPS by taking into account the potential conversion of the convertible bonds.

The potential number of shares that can be issued through the conversion of the bonds is 315,000.

To determine the impact of the conversion, we need to calculate the interest expense that would have been recognized if the bonds were converted into shares:

Interest Expense = Bond Amount × Interest Rate

Interest Expense = $9,000,000 × 8%

Interest Expense = $720,000

The tax savings from the interest expense due to the tax-deductible interest is;

Tax Savings=Interest Expense × Tax Rate

Tax Savings = $720,000 × 25%

Tax Savings = $180,000

The net impact on net income from the conversion is the interest expense minus the tax savings;

Net Impact on Net Income = Interest Expense - Tax Savings

Net Impact on Net Income = $720,000 - $180,000

Net Impact on Net Income = $540,000

Now, we can calculate the diluted EPS by adjusting the net income and the number of shares:

Diluted Net Income = Net Income + Net Impact on Net Income

Diluted Net Income = $7,500,000 + $540,000

Diluted Net Income = $8,040,000

Diluted EPS = Diluted Net Income / (Weighted Average Number of Common Shares + Potential Number of Shares from Conversion)

Weighted Average Number of Common Shares = 1,000,000

Diluted EPS = $8,040,000 / (1,000,000 + 315,000)

Diluted EPS = $8,040,000 / 1,315,000

Diluted EPS ≈ $6.107

Therefore, LaVine's diluted earnings per share (EPS) for 2021 is approximately $6.11.

Hence,, E. is the correct option.

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EFF, EAR, if I get a credit card at 12% interest and I charge
347.00 with daily interest, how many months will it take to pay
off.

Answers

It will take approximately 1 month to pay off the $347.00 credit card balance at a 12% interest rate with daily compounding.

To calculate the time it will take to pay off a credit card balance of $347.00 at a 12% annual interest rate, we need to consider the concepts of Effective Annual Rate (EAR) and Equivalent Monthly Rate (EMR).

First, let's calculate the daily interest rate by dividing the annual interest rate by 365 (the number of days in a year): 12% / 365 = 0.0003288 (approximately).

Next, we can calculate the Effective Monthly Rate (EMR) by adding 1 to the daily interest rate and raising it to the power of 30 (the average number of days in a month): (1 + 0.0003288)^30 = 1.0100327 (approximately).

Now, let's calculate the Equivalent Monthly Payment (EMP) by dividing the total balance by the EMR: $347.00 / 1.0100327 = $343.75 (approximately).

To determine the number of months it will take to pay off the balance, we divide the total balance by the Equivalent Monthly Payment: $347.00 / $343.75 = 1.01 months (approximately).

It's important to note that this calculation assumes that no additional charges are made to the credit card during the repayment period and that the monthly payment remains constant. If you make additional charges or change the monthly payment, the time to pay off the balance will be different.

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Each of the following is a possible form of real estate fraud that the CAR®’s Wire Fraud and Electronic Funds Transfer Advisory (WFA) form attempts to curtail, except
a. Substitution of fraudulent wire transfer/routing information for legitimate wire transfer/routing information.
b. Sale of property not owned by the "seller" through the use of phony documents of title.
c. Urgent calls from an alleged "representative" of the escrow company, demanding immediate wiring of funds to avoid cancellation of the escrow/loss of the sale.
d. Calls from an "assistant" to the party’s broker asking for a fast deposit of funds into the broker’s trust account, with Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) – ultimately, as it turns out, to an offshore account not affiliated with the broker.

Answers

The CAR®'s Wire Fraud and Electronic Funds Transfer Advisory (WFA) form attempts to curtail the real estate frauds that have become a frequent occurrence.

The Wire Fraud and Electronic Funds Transfer Advisory (WFA) form issued by the California Association of Realtors (CAR®) warns consumers about scams aimed at stealing their money in connection with real estate transactions, such as when purchasing a home or other real estate.

The California Association of Realtors (CAR®) has launched a Wire Fraud and Electronic Funds Transfer Advisory (WFA) form, which alerts customers to the increasing incidents of scams associated with real estate transactions, specifically when buying a house or other real estate.

Wire fraud is a kind of fraud that uses email, text messaging, or social media to deceive people into sending money electronically to fraudsters posing as actual estate agents, sellers, or title businesses. A fraudulent wire transfer is a common type of real estate scam that aims to replace valid wire transfer and routing information with fraudulent ones. In this fraud, criminals pose as homebuyers and replace the legitimate wire transfer/routing information with false ones in an attempt to divert the buyer's funds to a fraudulent account. The fraudulent sale of a property is another type of real estate fraud that is frequently reported.

Criminals, posing as real estate agents or sellers, create counterfeit documents of title to offer non-existent properties for sale, luring buyers into paying for a property that does not exist. These fraudsters would then steal the buyer's money without delivering any services or product. As part of their strategy, criminals may pretend to be a representative of the escrow firm, making urgent demands for the wiring of funds to avoid the termination of the escrow/loss of the sale. Fraudsters may try to scam their victims by telling them to transfer money quickly into a broker's trust account using electronic funds transfer (EFT), claiming to be an assistant to the party's broker. Ultimately, the funds are transferred to an offshore account that is not linked to the broker.

Therefore, Option D is not a potential form of real estate fraud that the CAR®’s Wire Fraud and Electronic Funds Transfer Advisory (WFA) form attempts to curtail.

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An investment project has a net present value of $650, Using the general decision rule for the net present value method, what conclusion 15 should be made? 4 Multiple Choice 01:25:57 The project shoul

Answers

The rule is that if the net present value of an investment is positive, then the project should be accepted; if negative, then the project should be rejected.

According to the general decision rule for the net present value method, if the net present value of an investment project is positive, the project should be accepted. Since the net present value of the investment project in this case is $650, the project should be accepted. Thus, the conclusion that should be made is that the project is viable and should be undertaken, since it is expected to generate a positive return on investment. Investment appraisal techniques like Net present value method help in determining the feasibility of an investment opportunity by comparing the expected benefits with the cost involved. This method determines the difference between the present value of the future cash inflows and the present value of future cash outflows. The rule is that if the net present value of an investment is positive, then the project should be accepted; if negative, then the project should be rejected.

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Select the correct point on the graph. Which point on the graph indicates the lowest quantity supplied of goods? 9.00 8.00 Price per Pound 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 supply Curve 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7.000 Quantity in Pounds​

Answers

Note that the right location on the supply curve is 3.00 Price per Pound. As a result, choice (A) is the right one.

What is meant by  supply Curve?

In economics, supply refers to the quantity of a resource that businesses, producers, workers, suppliers of financial assets, or other economic agents are willing and able to offer to the market or to a specific person.

Supply can refer to manufactured items, labor hours, raw resources, or any other limited-supply or high-value item.

The supply curve might represent a single seller or the market as a whole, totaling the quantity given by every vendor.

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what would be the benefits of household production with the
GDP

Answers

The benefits of including household production in GDP (Gross Domestic Product) calculations are increased accuracy, better representation of economic activity, and improved policy decision-making.

Including household production in GDP provides a more accurate representation of the overall economic activity within a country. Household production refers to the non-market production of goods and services by individuals within their own households, such as cooking, cleaning, childcare, and home maintenance. These activities contribute to the well-being of individuals and society but are not typically captured in traditional GDP calculations. By accounting for household production, GDP becomes a more comprehensive measure of economic output.

Including household production in GDP also helps in making informed policy decisions. Recognizing the economic value of household production allows policymakers to have a clearer understanding of the productive activities occurring within the domestic sphere.

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a. Discuss why investors perceive share buy-backs to be weaker than a cash dividend? (4 marks) b. You own 5,000 shares of Irri-gate Co. The company has decided to pay a special dividend of $2.00 per share. Dividend payments are taxed at 15 per cent. You intend to reinvest your dividend back into the company, but the company does not have a dividend reinvestment program. To reinvest through your broker, you will have to pay a $65 commission. If the company's shares are trading at $14.00 following the dividend payment, how many additional shares will you be able to purchase? (3 marks)

Answers

a. Investors perceive share buy-backs to be weaker than a cash dividend because;

Dividends provide immediate cash returns, while buybacks rely on stock price increaseDividends offer stable income, while buybacks are subject to market volatility

b. The additional share is 602.5

How to determine the additional share

To determine the additional share, we have;

The total dividend payment is 5,000 × $2.00

= $10,000

After  taxes is $10,000 × 0.85 = $8,500.

For purchasing additional share =   $8,500 - $65 = $8,435.

Additional shares that can be purchased is expressed as;

=  $8,435 / $14.00

Divide the values, we get;

= 602. 5

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Alice has recognised a gap in the market in that there are no retail coffee shops that sell more than just one brand of coffee and very few that sell coffee themed giftware. Given the significant demand for coffee, Alice believes that her business idea for a coffee boutique would have a high chance of success. Her business would not only sell coffee for immediate consumption but also a range of specialty coffee products including a large variety of beans, decorative coffee mugs and 'keep cups, coffee flavoured chocolate and ice cream as well as coffee themed gift packs. However Alice is not sure how to determine whether or not her business is likely to be feasible and has come to you for advice
What information would you advise Alice to gather before deciding whether to implement this business idea? Justify your response.

Answers

Alice must acquire the necessary permits, licenses and comply with state and federal regulations that may be necessary for her business to operate.

To determine whether her business is feasible, Alice must gather specific information. For instance, Alice must research on the market potential, competition, availability of the necessary resources, and any legal requirements that may be necessary for her business to operate successfully. These are some of the vital aspects that can influence the feasibility of Alice’s business idea. Alice should carry out thorough market research to establish the demand for her coffee-themed gift shop. Alice can use customer feedback, competitor’s analysis, and market surveys to make informed decisions about the feasibility of her business idea. Additionally, she should consider the cost of running the business. The cost of renting space, raw materials, utilities, wages and other costs involved in running a retail business are significant factors to consider. Thus, she must create a financial plan to ensure she has the resources to fund the business. The financial plan should take into account her expected revenue, projected expenses, and other costs. Finally, she must comply with the legal requirements of setting up a retail business. For instance, she must acquire the necessary permits, licenses and comply with state and federal regulations that may be necessary for her business to operate.

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Janice feels that she makes many of her decisions based on the fact that she is an introvert. Introversion seems to affect her taste in clothes, outside activities, and even her independence. Janice is making consumption decisions based on a personality theory called trait theory. T/F

Answers

Janice's consumption decisions based on her introversion can be attributed to psychological traits rather than trait theory. Therefore, statement id false.

The statement is false. Janice's consumption decisions based on her introversion align more with the concept of psychological traits rather than trait theory. Trait theory in psychology focuses on identifying and categorizing broad personality traits that are relatively stable and consistent across different situations and contexts. It aims to understand and describe individuals' behavior based on these traits.

However, Janice's consumption decisions based on her introversion are more aligned with the concept of psychological traits. Psychological traits refer to enduring patterns of behavior, emotions, and cognition that influence an individual's preferences and choices. In this case, Janice's introversion is a psychological trait that affects her preferences in clothes, outside activities, and independence.

Janice's decisions are likely influenced by her personal preferences and tendencies as an introvert, such as a preference for quieter activities, comfortable and less attention-seeking clothing, and a need for personal space and independence. These preferences are not directly linked to the theoretical framework of trait theory but rather reflect how her personality trait of introversion shapes her consumption decisions.

Janice's consumption decisions based on her introversion can be attributed to psychological traits rather than trait theory. While trait theory categorizes and describes broad personality traits, Janice's decisions are influenced by her specific psychological trait of introversion, which affects her preferences and choices in various aspects of her life.

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Please show your work in excel, thank you!
SM.61 A small but growing online retailer, Nile Corporation, has shown impressive growth in sales over the past several years, with sales this past year at $1,186,000. If the company has a net profit

Answers

Based on the data provided, there is not enough information to calculate net profit.

However, I can provide you with a step-by-step breakdown of how you can calculate the net profit margin using the given information in Excel: Open a new Excel spreadsheet. Enter the following labels in cells A1 to C1: "Sales", "Net Profit", "Net Profit Margin". In cell A2, enter the sales value provided: $1,186,000. Calculate the net profit by multiplying the sales by the net profit margin. Let's assume the net profit margin is x% (to be determined).

n cell B2, enter the formula: =A2 * x% Calculate the net profit margin by dividing the net profit by the sales.

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If a perfectly competitive firm sells 300 units of output at a market price of $1 per unit, its marginal revenue is:
A)less than $1.
B)$1.
C)more than $1 but less than $300.
D)$300.

Answers

In a perfectly competitive market, a firm is a price taker, meaning it cannot influence the market price. The marginal revenue for a perfectly competitive firm is equal to the market price because the firm can sell any quantity of output at that price. the correct answer is B)

Therefore, if the firm sells 300 units of output at a market price of $1 per unit, its marginal revenue will also be $1. The firm's marginal revenue represents the additional revenue generated from selling one more unit of output. Since the firm is selling each unit at $1, the incremental revenue earned from selling the 300th unit will also be $1. Thus, the correct answer is B) $1.

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1. When Nongfu spring water claim that it is the nature’s carrier in the advertisement, it makes the demand more elastic because the adver- tising persuades consumers to buy the product which is claimed to be of good quality.
2. Warranty can serve as a signaling device of a product liability, because consumers take more care about the product provided by reliable firm.
3. After the milk crisis of 2008, despite the effort of some dairy firms to improve food safety, consumers are still skeptical for the domestic dairy product because their belief on food safety is based on the whole industry’s past, instead of the individual firm’s past.
4. Perfect competition cannot be the first-best benchmark for the net- work economy because there is coordination failure among users of the network goods even under perfect competition.
5. When President Xi claimed that "The principle contradiction of China is between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life", it raises a big challenge for the regulation because a better life requires a higher quality, an attribute not easily to be observed, verified and contracted.
6. If consumers’ preference is captured by a discrete choice approach, we see the consumers having a common preference on the attributes of products and each consumer purchases only one unit of product.
7. If capacity choice is strategic substitute, an increase of capacity by one firm will induce other firms to decrease their capacity.

Answers

The claim of being "nature's carrier" in Nongfu Spring water's advertisement can make the demand more elastic by persuading consumers to perceive the product as of good quality and increasing their responsiveness to price changes.

When Nongfu Spring water claims to be the "nature's carrier" in their advertisement, it can make the demand for their product more elastic. This is because the advertising message persuades consumers that the product is of good quality, which can influence their purchasing decisions.

By positioning their water as "nature's carrier," Nongfu Spring creates an association with natural and pristine qualities. This claim appeals to consumers who value natural and high-quality products. The persuasive nature of the advertising can increase consumer interest and curiosity, leading to a higher willingness to try the product.

As a result, the demand becomes more elastic because consumers become more responsive to changes in price. When consumers perceive Nongfu Spring water as a superior product due to the advertising claim, they may be more willing to explore other available options or substitutes if the price of Nongfu Spring water becomes relatively higher. This increased responsiveness to price changes reflects a more elastic demand.

Moreover, the claim of being "nature's carrier" implies a certain level of differentiation and uniqueness in the market. If consumers perceive Nongfu Spring water as a distinct and superior brand, they may be more willing to switch to alternative brands or products if the price of Nongfu Spring water increases significantly. This further contributes to the elasticity of demand.

It's important to note that other factors, such as brand loyalty and availability of substitutes, also play a role in determining the elasticity of demand. However, the persuasive advertising claim of being "nature's carrier" can certainly influence consumer perceptions and make the demand for Nongfu Spring water more elastic.

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18-2. OBJECTIVE: Describe the Chicago "standard form". • What is meant by bilateral agreement? What was the Two Freedoms Agreement? The Five Freedoms Agreement?

Answers

The Chicago standard form is a convention that sets the regulations and principles for the operation of international air services. This agreement is legally binding and sets the standards for air transport rules. The agreement was adopted in 1944 by the Chicago Convention and is currently administered by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).The bilateral agreement refers to an aviation treaty between two nations. This agreement outlines the rights and obligations of both countries in terms of air transport services.

Bilateral agreements are essential as they help regulate air travel between nations, and they ensure that there is consistency in the aviation industry worldwide.The Two Freedoms Agreement was signed in 1946 between the US and the UK. This agreement granted each nation the freedom to operate scheduled international air services in the other's territory. This agreement was significant as it marked the start of liberalization in the aviation industry. Before this agreement, international air transport was heavily regulated, and only a few airlines were allowed to operate flights to other countries. This agreement allowed for increased competition, which ultimately led to more affordable air travel.The Five Freedoms Agreement refers to the rights that airlines have to operate in foreign territories. The five freedoms are as follows: First Freedom: The right to overfly a foreign territory without landing. Second Freedom: The right to land in a foreign territory for refueling or maintenance purposes. Third Freedom: The right to disembark passengers from one's own country in another country. Fourth Freedom: The right to embark passengers from another country and transport them to one's own country. Fifth Freedom: The right to pick up passengers in one foreign country and transport them to another foreign country.

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ournal entry worksheet 2 1 Prepare the required adjusting entry, if any. As of December 31, employees had earned $731 of unpaid and unrecorded salaries. The next payday is January 4, at which time $1,301 of salaries will be paid. 3 4 5 6 Note: Enter debits before credits. Transaction a. Record entry General Journal Clear entry Debit Credit View general journal > Journal entry worksheet < 1 2 Transaction b. 3 Prepare the required adjusting entry, if any. Cost of supplies still available at December 31 total is $2,202. Note: Enter debits before credits. Record entry 4 5 6 General Journal Clear entry Debit Credit View general journal > Journal entry worksheet < 12 ³ 4 5 6 Prepare the required adjusting entry, if any. An interest payment is made every three months. The amount of unrecorded accrued interest at December 31 is $1,350. The next interest payment, at an amount of $1,620, is due on January 15. Note: Enter debits before credits. Transaction C. Record entry General Journal Clear entry Debit Credit View general journal Journal entry worksheet 1 2 < 3 4 Note: Enter debits before credits. Transaction e. Record entry 5 Prepare the required adjusting entry, if any. Accrues $7,352 of revenue for services provided. Payment will be collected on January 31. сл General Journal 6 Clear entry Debit Credit View general journal Journal entry worksheet 1 2 < 3 4 Note: Enter debits before credits. Transaction f. Prepare the required adjusting entry, if any. Depreciation expense is $10,380. Record entry 5 General Journal 09 Clear entry Debit Credit View general journal

Answers

Salaries Expense $731, Salaries Payable $731; Supplies Expense $2,202, Supplies $2,202; Interest Expense $1,350, Interest Payable $1,350; Accounts Receivable $7,352, Service Revenue $7,352; Depreciation Expense $10,380, Accumulated Depreciation $10,380 in Journal entries.

Changing passages are expected to guarantee exact monetary detailing by perceiving and recording exchanges that happened yet were not at first recorded. In view of the data gave, the accompanying changing sections are essential:

a. To record gathered pay rates at December 31:

Compensations Cost $731

Compensations Payable $731

b. To change the provisions represent the excess supplies at December 31:

Supplies Cost $2,202

Supplies $2,202

c. To record accumulated interest at December 31:

Interest Cost $1,350

Interest Payable $1,350

e. To perceive income for administrations gave yet not yet gathered:

Money due $7,352

Administration Income $7,352

f. To record deterioration cost:

Deterioration Cost $10,380

Amassed Devaluation $10,380

These changing passages guarantee that costs are appropriately perceived, liabilities are recorded, and incomes are coordinated with the connected period. They assist with giving a more exact portrayal of the organization's monetary position and execution in the budget reports.

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your discount brokerage firm charges $8.60 per stock trade. how much money do you need to buy 300 shares of pfizer, incorporated (pfe), which trades at $38.22?

Answers

The total amount of money needed to buy 300 shares of Pfizer Incorporated (PFE) which trades at $38.22 including the commission charged by the discount brokerage firm is $14,046.

To calculate the cost of 1 share, we will multiply the number of shares by the price of 1 share.

Cost of 1 share = $38.22 × 1= $38.22

To calculate the cost of 300 shares, we will multiply the cost of 1 share by the number of shares.Cost of 300 shares = $38.22 × 300= $11,466

Therefore, the cost of buying 300 shares of Pfizer Incorporated (PFE) which trades at $38.22 is $11,466.

As we know, that the discount brokerage firm charges $8.60 per stock trade. Therefore, the total amount of money needed to buy 300 shares of Pfizer Incorporated (PFE) which trades at $38.22 including the commission charged by the discount brokerage firm is:

Total cost = cost of shares + commission

Total cost = $11,466 + (300 × $8.60)

Total cost = $11,466 + $2,580

Total cost = $14,046

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Sweeney Corporation had the following income statement for March 2014:
Sales (20,000 units) $1,800,000
Variable expenses $1,200,000
Contribution margin $600,000
Fixed expenses $300,000
Operating income $300,000
What is Sweeney's break-even point in sales dollars?
A. $900,000
B. $300,000
C. $1,800,000
D. $1,600,000

Answers

Sweeney Corporation's break-even point in sales dollars is A) $900,000.

To calculate Sweeney Corporation's break-even point in sales dollars, we need to determine the sales level at which the company's operating income is zero. In other words, it's the point where total sales revenue equals total expenses.

Given:

Sales = $1,800,000

Variable expenses = $1,200,000

Contribution margin = $600,000

Fixed expenses = $300,000

Operating income = $300,000

At the break-even point, the contribution margin should be equal to fixed expenses.

Contribution margin = Fixed expenses

$600,000 = $300,000

Now, let's calculate the break-even point in units:

Break-even point (in units) = Fixed expenses / Contribution margin

Break-even point (in units) = $300,000 / ($1,800,000 - $1,200,000)

Break-even point (in units) = $300,000 / $600,000

Break-even point (in units) = 0.5

To find the break-even point in sales dollars, we multiply the break-even point in units by the sales price per unit:

Break-even point (in sales dollars) = Break-even point (in units) * Sales price per unit

Break-even point (in sales dollars) = 0.5 * $1,800,000

Break-even point (in sales dollars) = $900,000

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Explain the following keywords
1. Dedicated ecotourists
2. Hardcore ecotourists
3. Volunteer ecotourism

Answers

1. Dedicated ecotourists: Dedicated ecotourists are individuals who are deeply committed to the principles of ecotourism.

2. Hardcore ecotourists: Hardcore ecotourists are a subset of dedicated ecotourists who take their commitment to ecotourism to the extreme.

3. Volunteer ecotourism: Volunteer ecotourism involves travelers actively participating in conservation or community development projects while traveling.

Dedicated ecotourists: Dedicated ecotourists are individuals who are deeply committed to the principles of ecotourism. They actively seek out destinations and activities that align with their values of environmental conservation, sustainability, and responsible travel.

These individuals prioritize visiting natural areas and engaging in activities that have minimal negative impact on the environment and local communities. Dedicated ecotourists may choose accommodations and tour operators that have eco-certifications, support local conservation initiatives, or contribute to the well-being of local communities.

Hardcore ecotourists: Hardcore ecotourists are a subset of dedicated ecotourists who take their commitment to ecotourism to the extreme. They are typically highly experienced and knowledgeable about environmental issues and actively seek out challenging and remote destinations.

Hardcore ecotourists may engage in physically demanding activities such as trekking, mountaineering, or diving in pristine and fragile ecosystems. They often prioritize direct contact with nature and wildlife, seeking unique and immersive experiences.

Hardcore ecotourists are dedicated to minimizing their ecological footprint, and they may go to great lengths to ensure their travel and activities have minimal impact, sometimes even foregoing modern conveniences and luxuries.

Volunteer ecotourism: Volunteer ecotourism involves travelers actively participating in conservation or community development projects while traveling. It combines elements of ecotourism and volunteerism, allowing individuals to contribute their time, skills, and resources to environmental or social causes.

Volunteer ecotourism programs can vary widely, from assisting with wildlife conservation efforts, participating in habitat restoration projects, or engaging in community development initiatives. Participants often work alongside local communities, organizations, or researchers to address environmental challenges and promote sustainable practices.

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1. Assume you have an interview for an entry-level sales
position. Write a value proposition emphasizing why you are the
best candidate for the position relative to other recent college
graduates.

Answers

As an entry-level sales candidate, I offer a unique value proposition that sets me apart from other recent college graduates. With a strong educational background and a passion for sales, I bring a combination of theoretical knowledge and practical skills that can drive results for your organization.

Firstly, my academic foundation in marketing and business administration equips me with a solid understanding of sales principles and consumer behavior. This knowledge allows me to analyze market trends, identify potential opportunities, and develop effective sales strategies.

Additionally, I have honed my interpersonal and communication skills through internships and extracurricular activities. My experience working in customer service roles has taught me the importance of active listening, empathy, and building rapport with clients.

I possess the ability to effectively convey product benefits and address customer concerns, which contributes to building long-lasting relationships and driving sales growth.

Furthermore, my strong work ethic, adaptability, and willingness to learn make me a valuable asset to any sales team. I am highly motivated, target-oriented, and thrive in fast-paced environments. I embrace challenges and continuously seek opportunities for self-improvement, ensuring I stay ahead of industry trends and adapt to changing market dynamics.

In summary, my combination of academic knowledge, interpersonal skills, and determination to succeed makes me the best candidate for this entry-level sales position.

I am confident that my passion for sales and dedication to excellence will enable me to contribute significantly to your organization's sales goals and long-term success.

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required to show calculation process

Assume the following:

Loan Amount: $200,000

Interest rate: 8 percent annually

Term: 30 years, monthly payments

(1) What is the monthly payment? Show your work.

(2) What will be the loan balance at the end of ten years?

Answers

The monthly payment is $1,468.28. The loan balance at the end of ten years is $145,634.93.

(1) Calculation for Monthly Payment using Loan Amount, Interest rate, and Term

Monthly payment is calculated using the following formula: Monthly Payment = [Loan Amount * (Interest Rate/12)] / [1 - (1 + Interest Rate/12)^(-Number of Months)]Given that Loan Amount is $200,000Interest rate is 8 percent annually Term is 30 years, monthly payments

Using the above formula, we can calculate the monthly payment as follows: Interest Rate per month = 8% / 12 = 0.0066666666666667Number of months = 30 years * 12 months/year = 360

Monthly Payment = [($200,000 * 0.0066666666666667)] / [1 - (1 + 0.0066666666666667)^(-360)]

Monthly Payment = $1,468.28

Therefore, the monthly payment is $1,468.28

(2) Calculation of the loan balance at the end of ten years

Loan balance after n payment periods can be calculated using the following formula:

Loan Balance = Loan Amount * [(1 + r)n - (1 + r)p] / [(1 + r)n - 1]

Where r is the monthly interest rate, n is the total number of payment periods and p is the number of payment periods that have already been made

After 10 years, the number of payment periods = 10 years * 12 months/year = 120 months

Interest rate per month = 8% / 12 = 0.0066666666666667

Using the above formula, we can calculate the loan balance as follows:

Loan Balance = $200,000 * [(1 + 0.0066666666666667)^360 - (1 + 0.0066666666666667)^120] / [(1 + 0.0066666666666667)^360 - 1]

Loan Balance = $145,634.93

Therefore, the loan balance at the end of ten years is $145,634.93.

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Which of the following firms is most likely to be a pure monopolist? A. A clothing retailer with the best location in a mall B. A grocery store in a large city C. The most popular hot dog vendor on a city street corner D. The only gas station in a small, isolated town

Answers

D. The only gas station in a small, isolated city is most likely to be a pure monopolist.

A kind of profitable request is appertained to as a pure monopoly. It refers to a situation in which a single company controls the whole force of goods or services. Only one company exists under a pure monopoly, and it decides all terms, conditions, rules, and pricing. It occurs when a single business controls a product's request.

A pure monopoly is one in which a company's product is the only one on the request, with no backups. As a result, a single business effectively controls the assiduity.

As a result, by estimating the ideal pricing and volume, these enterprises may maximize earnings. A pure monopoly is a business model in which a single provider creates and sells a product or service.

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Sky Castle Manufacturing Company incurred the following costs during its current production of 2,500 teddy bears, alongside its office and administrative operations:
· Direct materials used, P80 per unit
· Indirect materials, P40,000 (P16 per unit)
· Direct labor, 3 hours per teddy bear at P60 per hour
· Indirect labor, P80,000 (1 hour per unit, P32 per hour)
· Office salaries, P354,000
· Depreciation - manufacturing equipment, P3,700
· Depreciation - office equipment, P4,800
· Rent of factory facility - P80,000
· Rent of office and selling space - P92,000
The management decided to conduct review of costs to restructure operations based on its strategic position. The following were the results of their developmental researches and analysis:
· The purchasing department was able to look for a supplier which can reduce direct material cost to P65 per unit and reduce total indirect materials by P2 per unit. The management has evaluated that these materials are of the same quality as what they are currently using.
· Another supplier is known to offer P90 per unit of higher quality raw materials with no change in indirect labor.
· Upon review of in-house time and motion studies, direct labor can be reduced to 2.50 hours per teddy bear by eradicating nonvalue-adding activities. Total number of employees will not be changed and indirect labor will not be changed.
All office salaries, depreciation, and rent costs are fixed.
Relating to Sky Castle Manufacturing Company's current production, how much are total product costs and period costs?
a. P770,000 and P534,500, respectively.
b. P650,000 and P654,500, respectively.
c. P853,700 and P450,800, respectively.
d. P1,304,500 and P-0-, respectively.
e. None of the above

Answers

Sky Castle Manufacturing Company's current production, we need to analyze the given costs and their classification. The correct answer is

A that is "P770,000 and P534,500, respectively".

Total product costs include direct materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead costs directly attributable to the production of goods.

Given the information,

we can calculate the total product costs and period costs as follows,

Total product costs,

Direct materials used = P80 per unit * 2,500 units = P200,000

Direct labor = 2.50 hours per teddy bear * P60 per hour * 2,500 units = P375,000

Indirect materials = P40,000

Indirect labor = P80,000

Depreciation - manufacturing equipment = P3,700

Total product costs = Direct materials + Direct labor + Indirect materials + Indirect labor + Depreciation

Total product costs = P200,000 + P375,000 + P40,000 + P80,000 + P3,700

Total product costs = P698,700

Period costs:

Office salaries = P354,000

Depreciation - office equipment = P4,800

Rent of factory facility = P80,000

Rent of office and selling space = P92,000

Period costs = Office salaries + Depreciation - office equipment + Rent of factory facility + Rent of office and selling space

Period costs = P354,000 + P4,800 + P80,000 + P92,000

Period costs = P530,800

Therefore, the correct answer is A.

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the reliability of later editions of the dsm is ________than of earlier editions.

Answers

The reliability of later editions of the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) is generally considered to be higher than that of earlier editions.

This is because later editions undergo revisions and updates based on advancements in scientific research, clinical experience, and feedback from experts in the field. These revisions aim to improve diagnostic criteria and increase the reliability and validity of the manual. However, it is important to note that the reliability of the DSM is not absolute and can still vary depending on the specific disorder or diagnostic category being considered.

The reliability of the DSM is enhanced in later editions due to ongoing efforts to refine diagnostic criteria. Earlier editions may have included outdated or less specific diagnostic guidelines, leading to greater variability in diagnoses. As new research emerges and understanding of mental disorders evolves, the DSM is revised to incorporate these advancements. Additionally, later editions of the DSM often involve larger and more diverse samples of individuals, improving the generalizability and reliability of the diagnostic criteria. However, it is worth noting that the reliability of any diagnostic manual is not without limitations, as psychiatric diagnoses can still be subjective and rely on the interpretation and judgment of clinicians.

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When Haley, the landlord for 5604 wagon wheel street, receives money given as a security deposit she may deposit the funds in one three ways. Which is the INCORRECT way to deposit the security deposit?

a. hold the money in a separate interest-bearing Florida Bank, and pay the tenant 75% of any annualized average rate or 5% per year simple interest

b. hold the money in a separate non interest-bearing Florida Bank account and not commingle funds until due to the tenant

c. post a surety bond with the clerk of the circuit court in the county in which the rental property is located

d. hold the money in any bank, credit union or savings and loans institution located in any of the 50 states and may not commingle

Answers

Most jurisdictions have specific rules and regulations regarding security deposit handling, and typically require landlords to hold the funds separately in an interest-bearing account or post a surety bond. Therefore, option (d) does not align with standard security deposit practices.

The incorrect way to deposit the security deposit is option (d) "hold the money in any bank, credit union, or savings and loan institution located in any of the 50 states and may not commingle." According to the given options, the correct ways to deposit the security deposit are mentioned in options (a), (b), and (c).Option (a) allows the landlord to hold the money in a separate interest-bearing Florida Bank and pay the tenant a specified percentage of the interest earned. Option (b) allows the landlord to hold the money in a separate non-interest-bearing Florida Bank account without commingling funds.

Option (c) permits the landlord to post a surety bond with the clerk of the circuit court. Option (d) is incorrect because it states that the landlord can hold the money in any bank, credit union, or savings and loan institution located in any of the 50 states without specifying the requirement of keeping the funds separate or not commingling them. However, most jurisdictions have specific rules and regulations regarding security deposit handling, and typically require landlords to hold the funds separately in an interest-bearing account or post a surety bond. Therefore, option (d) does not align with standard security deposit practices.

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how might major technoligical innovvations like the adevnt ofht e steam engine or computer chip affect the business cycle

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Business cycle can be defined as the periodic fluctuations in economic activity that occur in an economy over a period of time.

The business cycle is made up of four phases: expansion, peak, contraction, and trough. Major technological innovations like the steam engine or computer chip can have a significant impact on the business cycle. The main answer to this question is that innovations can lead to increased productivity and efficiency in the economy, which can drive economic growth and expansion.

For instance, the steam engine was a significant technological innovation that enabled factories to produce goods on a larger scale and at a lower cost. This increase in efficiency helped to drive the expansion phase of the business cycle as more goods could be produced, leading to increased economic activity and growth.

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