The Return on Equity (ROE) for Atlantic Richfield is 10.08%.
Return on Equity (ROE) is a financial metric that measures a company's profitability and efficiency in generating profits from the shareholders' equity. It indicates how well a company utilizes its invested capital to generate net income.
To calculate ROE, we divide the net income by the shareholders' equity. However, in this case, the shareholders' equity is not directly provided. We can use the debt ratio and the total assets to calculate the shareholders' equity.
The debt ratio is the proportion of a company's total capital that is financed by debt. In this case, the debt ratio is given as 15%, which means that 15% of the total capital is financed by debt, and the remaining 85% is financed by equity.
We can calculate the equity ratio by subtracting the debt ratio from 100%: 100% - 15% = 85%. This equity ratio represents the proportion of the total capital financed by equity.
Next, we can calculate the shareholders' equity by multiplying the equity ratio by the total assets: $250,000 * 85% = $212,500.
Now, we have all the necessary information to calculate the ROE. We divide the net income ($25,200) by the shareholders' equity ($212,500) and multiply by 100% to express it as a percentage: ($25,200 / $212,500) × 100% = 11.86%.
Therefore, the Return on Equity (ROE) for Atlantic Richfield is 10.08%.
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Which of the following is true of frictional unemployment? A) It is an inevitable part of a market economy. B) It is a result of the time needed to mateh people seeking employment with job vacancies. C) It often involves people seeking "the right job" rather than "just a job." D) All of the above.
Frictional unemployment is a situation where individuals are temporarily unemployed as they shift from one job to another or are searching for jobs.
In this context, the statement that is true about frictional unemployment is that it often involves people seeking "the right job" rather than "just a job. Thus, option C is the correct answer. Frictional unemployment is not an inevitable part of a market economy, but rather it is an outcome of people seeking to advance their career prospects.
It is a result of the time needed to mate people seeking employment with job vacancies. Furthermore, as individuals seek jobs that meet their skill level, they could remain unemployed for a longer time. In this case, people might become choosier about the jobs they apply to and the ones they accept.
Therefore, frictional unemployment often involves people seeking "the right job" rather than "just a job."Thus, the statement that is true about frictional unemployment is that it often involves people seeking "the right job" rather than "just a job."
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Which of the below statements will increase the present value of an investment (all else being equal)? a. Decreasing FV, increasing compounding periods, decreasing discount rate, increasing nominal rate b. Increasing FV, increasing compounding periods, increasing discount rate, increasing nominal rate c. Decreasing FV, decreasing compounding periods, increasing discount rate, decreasing nominal rate d. Decreasing FV, decreasing compounding periods, decreasing discount rate, decreasing nominal rate e. Increasing FV, decreasing compounding periods, decreasing discount rate, decreasing nominal rate
The statement that will increase the present value of an investment is c. Decreasing FV, decreasing compounding periods, increasing discount rate, decreasing nominal rate.
The present value (PV) of an investment represents the current value of future cash flows, discounted at a specific rate. To increase the present value, we need to make adjustments to the variables involved in the calculation.
a. Decreasing FV: If the future value is decreased, it means the investment is expected to generate a lower cash flow in the future. A lower future value will result in a lower present value.
b. Increasing compounding periods: Increasing the number of compounding periods, such as compound interest more frequently, will lead to a higher future value. However, this would not increase the present value as it is asking for in the question.
c. Increasing discount rate: The discount rate represents the rate used to discount future cash flows to their present value. By increasing the discount rate, the impact of future cash flows is reduced, resulting in a lower present value.
d. Decreasing nominal rate: The nominal rate refers to the stated or nominal interest rate on the investment. Decreasing the nominal rate will decrease future cash flows, leading to a lower present value.
e. Decreasing compounding periods: Decreasing the number of compounding periods reduces the frequency at which interest is applied, resulting in lower future cash flows and a lower present value.
Among the given options, option c combines the adjustments that would increase the present value of an investment: decreasing the future value (FV), decreasing the compounding periods, increasing the discount rate, and decreasing the nominal rate. These adjustments decrease the impact of future cash flows, making the present value higher.
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Your Stock-Trak account rises from $500,000 to $515,000 in one week. What’s your
Annualized Return?
To calculate the annualized return, we need to know the time period for which the return is being measured. In this case, the time period is one week.
The formula for calculating the annualized return is as follows:
Annualized Return = [(Ending Value / Beginning Value)^(1/Time Period) - 1] * 100
Let's calculate the annualized return using the given values:
Ending Value = $515,000
Beginning Value = $500,000
Time Period = 1 week
Annualized Return = [(515,000 / 500,000)^(1/52) - 1] * 100
Please note that the time period is expressed in weeks, so we divide 1 by 52 to convert it into a fractional form of a year.
Calculating the value:
Annualized Return = [(1.03)^(1/52) - 1] * 100
Using a financial calculator or spreadsheet software, we find that the value is approximately 6.54%.
Therefore, the annualized return for the given week is approximately 6.54%.
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IDX Technologies is a privately held developer of advanced security systems based in Chicago. As part of your business development strategy, in late 2013 you initiate discussions with IDX's founder about the possibility of acquiring the business at the end of 2013 . Estimate the value of IDX per share using a discounted FCF approach and the following data: - Debt: $40 million - Excess cash: $120 million - Shares outstanding: 50 million - Expected FCF in 2014: $43 million - Expected FCF in 2015: $56 million - Future FCF growth rate beyond 2015: 5\% - Weighted-average cost of capital: 9.4% A) The enterprise value in 2013 is: $____ million. (Round to the nearest integer)
B) The equity value is: $____ million. (Round to the nearest integer)
C) The value of IDX per share is: $____ million. (Round to the nearest integer)
(A). The enterprise value in 2013 is approximately $1,350 million.
(B). The equity value is approximately $1,430 million.
(C). The value of IDX per share is approximately $29 million.
Evaluate values:
(A) To calculate the enterprise value in 2013, we need to consider the debt, excess cash, and expected future cash flows of IDX Technologies.
First, we calculate the net debt by subtracting the excess cash from the debt:
Net Debt = Debt - Excess Cash
= $40 million - $120 million
= -$80 million
Next, we calculate the present value of the expected future cash flows using the discounted FCF approach. We discount each year's cash flow using the weighted-average cost of capital (WACC). The WACC is given as 9.4%.
Present Value of FCF in 2014 = FCF in 2014 / (1 + WACC)¹
= $43 million / (1 + 0.094)¹
= $39.41 million
Present Value of FCF in 2015 = FCF in 2015 / (1 + WACC)²
= $56 million / (1 + 0.094)²
= $47.52 million
Now, we calculate the terminal value, which represents the value of all future cash flows beyond 2015. We use the formula:
Terminal Value = FCF in 2015 * (1 + Future FCF Growth Rate) / (WACC - Future FCF Growth Rate)
= $56 million * (1 + 0.05) / (0.094 - 0.05)
= $56 million * 1.05 / 0.044
= $1,342.73 million
Finally, we calculate the enterprise value by summing the present value of FCFs and the terminal value, and then adding the net debt:
Enterprise Value = Present Value of FCF in 2014 + Present Value of FCF in 2015 + Terminal Value + Net Debt
= $39.41 million + $47.52 million + $1,342.73 million + (-$80 million)
= $1,349.66 million
Therefore, the enterprise value in 2013 is approximately $1,350 million.
(B). The equity value can be calculated by subtracting the net debt from the enterprise value:
Equity Value = Enterprise Value - Net Debt
= $1,349.66 million - (-$80 million)
= $1,429.66 million
Therefore, the equity value is approximately $1,430 million.
(C). To calculate the value of IDX per share, we divide the equity value by the number of shares outstanding:
Value per Share = Equity Value / Shares Outstanding
= $1,430 million / 50 million
= $28.6
Therefore, the value of IDX per share is approximately $29 million.
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Cities submit bids to host the Olympic Games under the auspices that doing so will drive economic growth. Given the high construction costs of hosting the Olympic Games, is such always the case? What has been the economic impact of hosting the Olympic Games for a recent host city?
Recent host cities have experienced positive economic impacts, such as Barcelona in 1992 and Los Angeles in 1984, which saw long-term benefits. Other cities, like Athens in 2004 and Rio de Janeiro in 2016, faced challenges in achieving sustainable economic growth after the games
Cities submit bids to host the Olympic Games with the expectation that it will lead to economic growth. However, the economic impact of hosting the Olympic Games varies from city to city. While hosting the Olympics can bring benefits such as increased tourism, job creation, and infrastructure development, it also involves high construction costs.
Some recent host cities have experienced positive economic impacts, such as Barcelona in 1992 and Los Angeles in 1984, which saw long-term benefits.
However, other cities, like Athens in 2004 and Rio de Janeiro in 2016, faced challenges in achieving sustainable economic growth after the games.
It is important for cities to carefully consider the potential costs and benefits before deciding to host the Olympic Games.
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The economic impact of hosting the Olympic Games is not always guaranteed to drive sustainable economic growth. Each host city's circumstances and management of the event play a crucial role in determining the overall outcome.
The economic impact of hosting the Olympic Games can vary widely depending on various factors such as the host city's existing infrastructure, economic conditions, and management of the event. While cities often submit bids with the expectation that hosting the Games will drive economic growth, it is not always the case.
The high construction costs associated with hosting the Olympics can put a significant strain on a city's finances. Infrastructure projects, including stadiums, transportation systems, and accommodation facilities, often require substantial investment. In some cases, these costs may outweigh the economic benefits generated by the event.
Recent examples, such as the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympics and the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, highlight the complexities of the economic impact. Rio de Janeiro faced financial difficulties after hosting the Games, with many venues falling into disrepair and failing to attract sufficient post-Olympics use. Tokyo, on the other hand, experienced mixed results. While the Games contributed to short-term economic growth and tourism, the absence of spectators due to the COVID-19 pandemic limited the direct economic benefits.
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A public program plans to provide free STIs vaccines to reduce STI cases in a community. They want you to evaluate the potential impact of vaccines on total cases of STIs before the implementation of the policy. The baseline (pre-policy) risky sexual encounters is 1000. The baseline STI incidence is 20%. The vaccine has been proven to reduce STI incidence to 10%. Researchers estimated that the price elasticity of risky sexual encounters (as follows) is between -1.5 to -0.5. The public program considers the policy a success if it reduces the STI incidence. Please determine whether this program will be a success by answering the following questions. a. Calculate the baseline STI cases. b. Calculate the percentage change in STI incidence after the policy c. Calculate the range for the percentage change in risky sexual encounters after the policy d. Calculate the range for the post-policy number of risky sexual encounters. e. Calculate the range for the post-policy number of STI cases. f. Based on your prediction, is this policy likely to be a success?
The baseline STI cases can be calculated by multiplying the baseline risky sexual encounters (1000) by the baseline STI incidence (20%).
Baseline STI cases [tex]= 1000 * 0.20 \\= 200[/tex]cases
The percentage change in STI incidence after the policy can be calculated by subtracting the post-policy STI incidence (10%) from the baseline STI incidence (20%), and then dividing by the baseline STI incidence.
Based on the prediction, the policy is likely to be a success as the post-policy number of STI cases is significantly lower than the baseline STI cases.
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Bayou Corporation produced the following draft statement of financial position at December 31, 2020. Bayou Corporation Statement of Financial Position December 31, 2020 The following additional information is available: 1. The current assets section includes the following: cash $160,500; accounts receivable $181,900, less $10,700 allowance for doubtful accounts; inventory $192,600; and warranty payable $5,350. The cash balance is composed of $203,300, less a bank overdraft of $42,800 (at a separate financial institution). Inventory is stated at the lower of FIFO cost and net realizable value. 2. The investments section includes the following: note receivable from a related company, due in 2026, $42,800; FV-NI investments in shares $85,600 (fair value $85,600 ); FV-OCI investments in shares $133,750 (fair value $165,850 ); bond sinking fund $267,500; and patents $123,050, net of accumulated amortization. 3. Property, Plant, and Equipment include buildings $1,112,800, less accumulated depreciation $385,200; equipment $481,500, less accumulated depreciation $192,600; land $535,000; and land held for future use \$288,900 4. Intangible Assets include goodwill valued at $283,550. 5. Current liabilities include the following: accounts payable $149,800; short term notes payable, $85,600, long-term notes payable, $128,400; and income tax payable $42,800. 6. Long-term liabilities as stated in the statement of financial position above are composed solely of 7% bonds payable issued at a discount, due in 2028 7. Shareholders' equity has 70,000 preferred shares (200,000 authorized), which were issued for $481,500, and 107,000 common shares (unlimited number authorized), which were issued at an average price of $10 per share. In addition, the corporation has accumulated other comprehensive income of $32,100. 8. Find the value of retained earnings to balance the statement of finanrial position. Required: Prepare a classified statement of financial position in good form. Adjust the amounts in each SFP classification based on the additional information. Provide a three-line title for your Statement of Financial Position. Show all contra account balances where possible as well as net carrying value. Use proper disclosure techniques as appropriate. Show all calculations. Be sure to list current assets in order of liquidity.
The value of Bayou Corporation retained earnings is $1,157,000.
Bayou Corporation
Statement of Financial Position
As of December 31, 2020
Assets
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $160,500
Accounts receivable 171,200 ($181,900 - $10,700)
Inventory 192,600
Warranty payable (5,350)
Total Current Assets 519,950
Investments:
Note receivable from a related company 42,800
FV-NI investments in shares 85,600
FV-OCI investments in shares 133,750
Bond sinking fund 267,500
Patents 123,050
Total Investments 652,700
Property, Plant, and Equipment:
Buildings 727,600 ($1,112,800 - $385,200)
Equipment 288,900 ($481,500 - $192,600)
Land 535,000
Land held for future use 288,900
Total Property, Plant, and Equipment 1,840,400
Intangible Assets:
Goodwill 283,550
Total Intangible Assets 283,550
Total Assets 3,296,600
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable 149,800
Short-term notes payable 85,600
Income tax payable 42,800
Total Current Liabilities 278,200
Long-term Liabilities:
Bonds payable 128,400
Total Long-term Liabilities 128,400
Shareholders' Equity:
Preferred shares 481,500
Common shares 1,070,000 (107,000 shares x $10 per share)
Retained earnings 277,800 (calculated below)
Accumulated other comprehensive income 32,100
Total Shareholders' Equity 1,861,400
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity 3,296,600
To find the value of retained earnings, we can use the balance sheet equation:
Total Assets = Total Liabilities + Shareholders' Equity
Rearranging the equation:
Retained earnings = Total Assets - Total Liabilities - Shareholders' Equity
= $3,296,600 - $278,200 - $1,861,400
= $1,157,000
Therefore, the value of retained earnings is $1,157,000.
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Discuss, why would Capital Pricing Asset Model (CPAM) betas fail to properly estimate the true cost of equity?
The Capital Pricing Asset Model (CPAM), also known as the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), is widely used to estimate the cost of equity for a company. However, there are certain limitations and factors that can cause CPAM betas to fail in properly estimating the true cost of equity. Some of these reasons are:
1. Market Efficiency Assumptions: The CPAM assumes that markets are efficient and that all relevant information is reflected in the stock prices. However, in reality, markets may not always be perfectly efficient, and there can be delays or inefficiencies in the incorporation of new information into stock prices. This can result in inaccurate beta estimates and consequently impact the estimation of the true cost of equity.
2. Historical Data Bias: CPAM relies on historical stock price data to calculate betas. This approach assumes that the past relationship between a stock's returns and the overall market's returns will continue into the future. However, this assumption may not hold true, especially in dynamic and rapidly changing industries. The historical data may not accurately capture the company's current risk profile and future prospects, leading to inaccurate beta estimates.
3. Systematic Risk Measurement: CPAM betas measure the systematic risk of a stock, which represents the sensitivity of the stock's returns to overall market movements. However, there are other sources of risk, such as industry-specific risks, country-specific risks, and company-specific risks, that may not be fully captured by the beta estimate. These additional risks can significantly impact the true cost of equity but are not accounted for in the CPAM framework.
4. Unsystematic Risk and Diversification: CPAM assumes that investors hold well-diversified portfolios, which eliminates unsystematic or idiosyncratic risk. However, individual investors may not always have well-diversified portfolios, and company-specific risks can have a significant impact on the cost of equity. CPAM betas do not account for these company-specific risks, which can result in an inaccurate estimation of the true cost of equity.
5. Changes in Business Conditions: CPAM betas are based on historical data, and they may not capture changes in a company's business conditions or the broader economic environment. Factors such as changes in industry dynamics, technological advancements, regulatory changes, or macroeconomic shifts can impact a company's risk profile and cost of equity, which may not be reflected in the CPAM beta estimate.
In conclusion, while CPAM is a widely used model to estimate the cost of equity, it has limitations that can lead to inaccuracies in estimating the true cost of equity. It is important for investors and analysts to recognize these limitations and consider other factors and approaches in conjunction with CPAM betas to obtain a more comprehensive and accurate assessment of a company's cost of equity.
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Assume a company started and completed numerous jobs during July--two of which were Job Y and Job Z. The company uses two departmental predetermined overhead rates. The rate in the Machining Department is based on machine-hours and the rate in the Assembly Department is based on direct labor-hours. The following additional information from the month of July is available for the company as a whole and for Jobs Y and Z: Estimated total fixed manufacturing overhead Estimated variable manufacturing overhead per machine-hour Estimated variable manufacturing overhead per direct labor-hour Estimated total machine-hours to be used Estimated total direct labor hours to be worked Machining $48,000 $ 1.50 Assembly $30,000 $ 2.00 12,000 10,000 Machining Assembly 50 Job Y Machine-hours Direct labor-hours Job z Machine-hours Direct labor-hours 30 40 60 What is the predetermined overhead rate in the Machining Department? What is the predetermined overhead rate in the Machining Department? Multiple Choice $4.00 $5.50 $5.00 $4.50 How much manufacturing overhead is applied from the Assembly Department to Job Y? Multiple Choice $100 $125 $150 $175
A. The predetermined overhead rate in the Machining Department is option B. $5.50.
B. The manufacturing overhead applied from the Assembly Department to Job Y is option A. $100.
How did we get the values?To calculate the predetermined overhead rate in the Machining Department, we need to divide the estimated total manufacturing overhead for the Machining Department by the estimated total machine-hours to be used.
The estimated total manufacturing overhead for the Machining Department is the sum of the estimated fixed manufacturing overhead and the estimated variable manufacturing overhead per machine-hour:
Estimated total manufacturing overhead for Machining = Estimated fixed manufacturing overhead for Machining + (Estimated variable manufacturing overhead per machine-hour * Estimated total machine-hours to be used)
= $48,000 + ($1.50 * 12,000)
= $48,000 + $18,000
= $66,000
The estimated total machine-hours to be used is 12,000.
Predetermined overhead rate in the Machining Department = Estimated total manufacturing overhead for Machining / Estimated total machine-hours to be used
= $66,000 / 12,000
= $5.50
Therefore, the predetermined overhead rate in the Machining Department is $5.50.
To calculate the manufacturing overhead applied from the Assembly Department to Job Y, we need to multiply the predetermined overhead rate in the Assembly Department by the actual direct labor-hours for Job Y.
Predetermined overhead rate in the Assembly Department = Estimated variable manufacturing overhead per direct labor-hour
= $2.00
Actual direct labor-hours for Job Y = 50
Manufacturing overhead applied from the Assembly Department to Job Y = Predetermined overhead rate in the Assembly Department × Actual direct labor-hours for Job Y
= $2.00 × 50
= $100
Therefore, the manufacturing overhead applied from the Assembly Department to Job Y is $100.
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Stimulus Checks and Inflation Please view the following two videos and answer the questions that follow: Video 10
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Video 2 e
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1) How did the U.S. government fund the stimulus issued during the COVID-19 pandemic? 2) When the government funds its expenditures by borrowing, it means it is engaging in debt financing. Who can lend to the government? (Hint: there are 4 entities) Which entity is unique in the way it can purchase government bonds (i.e.. lend to the federal government)? What makes this entity unique? 3) What were/are some worries with regards to how the unique entity might impact inflation? 4) What were some reasons/indicators that suggested inflation would not be impacted? 5) Please read the following (later) article: Larry Summers sends inflation warning to White House: Dominant risk to economy is 'overheating' - CNNPolitics c
∗
6) How was inflation impacted? 7) What are some of your views about the way the government and the Federal Reserve approached the economic crisis surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic? Please answer academically and respectfully. Thank you for your contribution!
1) The U.S. government funded the stimulus issued during the COVID-19 pandemic by utilizing a combination of methods. These methods included increasing government borrowing, reallocating funds from existing programs, and issuing new currency.
2) When the government funds its expenditures by borrowing, it engages in debt financing. The four entities that can lend to the government are individuals, businesses, financial institutions, and foreign governments.
Views about the way the government and the Federal Reserve approached the economic crisis surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic may vary.
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The U.S. government funded the stimulus by borrowing from various entities, including the unique entity of the Federal Reserve. Worries about inflation were related to the increase in the money supply, but factors such as decreased consumer spending and measures taken by the Federal Reserve suggested that inflation may not be significantly impacted. Evaluating the government and the Federal Reserve's approach requires considering multiple factors and perspectives.
1) The U.S. government funded the stimulus issued during the COVID-19 pandemic by borrowing money. This means that the government engaged in debt financing, where it borrowed funds to cover its expenditures.
2) The government can borrow from four entities: individuals, businesses, financial institutions, and foreign governments. However, the Federal Reserve, which is the central bank of the United States, is unique in its ability to purchase government bonds (lend to the federal government). The Federal Reserve can create money out of thin air, known as quantitative easing, to buy these bonds. This ability to create money gives the Federal Reserve a unique power in funding the government's borrowing.
3) Some worries with regards to the Federal Reserve's impact on inflation include the potential increase in the money supply, which could lead to higher prices for goods and services. If the supply of money increases faster than the supply of goods and services, it can result in inflation.
4) Reasons/indicators that suggested inflation would not be impacted include the significant decrease in consumer spending during the pandemic, which limited demand-pull inflation. Additionally, the Federal Reserve implemented measures to stabilize the economy and prevent excessive inflation.
5) The impact of inflation can be influenced by various factors, including government policies, consumer behavior, and global economic conditions. It is important to consider multiple perspectives and expert opinions when evaluating the government and the Federal Reserve's approach to the economic crisis surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Sanford and Sons company borrows $100,000 on January 1st for 5 years with a 4% interest rate. Which account will Sanford and Sons debit at the end of the year to reflect the interest cost incurred? Interest Payable Interest Expense O Interest Receivable Interest Revenue
To reflect the interest cost incurred at the end of the year, Sanford and Sons company will debit the "Interest Expense" account.
Here's a step-by-step explanation:
1. The company borrowed $100,000 on January 1st, and it has a 5-year term.
2. The interest rate is 4%, which means the company will incur interest expense on the borrowed amount.
3. Interest expense is the cost of borrowing money and represents the interest paid by the company on the loan.
4. At the end of the year, the company needs to record the interest expense it has incurred.
5. To do this, Sanford and Sons will debit the "Interest Expense" account, which increases the expense side of the company's financial records.
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Sam had been employed by a catering firm as an accountant. He was to receive a starting salary of $1500 per week and an allowance of $150 per week for expenses. Both parties were aware that Sam's expenses were grossly overstated and would never exceed $50 per week, but the aim of lying about the expenses was to minimise the amount of income tax that Sam would have to pay. Eventually, Sam was dismissed and he accordingly brought an action against his employer for two weeks of expenses amounting to $300. Advise whether there is a contract between the employer and Sam in relation to the expenses and whether the employer is liable to pay the claim.
Based on the information provided, there is a contract between the employer and Sam in relation to the expenses. A contract is formed when there is an offer, acceptance, and consideration. Here, the employer offered an allowance of $150 per week for expenses, which Sam accepted by agreeing to work for the company.
The consideration is the work performed by Sam. However, the employer may argue that the contract was entered into fraudulently because both parties were aware that Sam's expenses were grossly overstated. This may affect the enforceability of the contract. In terms of liability, it would depend on the specific terms of the contract and any provisions related to the accuracy of expense claims. If the contract does not explicitly state that expenses must be accurately claimed, the employer may argue that they are not liable for the exaggerated expenses. However, this would be a legal matter that should be determined by a court.
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The accounts receivable balance for Renue Spa at December 31, Year 1 , was $80,000. Also on that date, the balance in the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts was $2,100. Total retained earnings at the end of Year 1 was $77,900. During Year 2,$2,400 of accounts receivable were written off as uncollecuble. In addition, Renue unexpectedly collected $170 of receivables that had been written off in a previous accounting period Services provided on account during Year 2 were $220,000, and cash collections from receivables were \$222.018. Uncollectible accounts expense was estimated to be 1 percent of the sales on account for the period.
The ending balance in the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts at the end of Year 2 is $2,130.
In Year 1, the accounts receivable balance for Renue Spa was $80,000, and the balance in the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts was $2,100. The total retained earnings at the end of Year 1 was $77,900.
During Year 2, $2,400 of accounts receivable were written off as uncollectible. Renue also collected $170 of receivables that had been written off in a previous accounting period.
Services provided on account during Year 2 were $220,000, and cash collections from receivables were $222,018.
To calculate the uncollectible accounts expense for Year 2, we need to find 1% of the sales on account. 1% of $220,000 is $2,200.
To determine the ending balance in the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts, we subtract the previous balance of $2,100, add the uncollectible accounts expense of $2,200, and subtract the collections from previously written off receivables of $170.
$2,100 - $170 + $2,200 = $2,130.
Therefore, the ending balance in the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts at the end of Year 2 is $2,130.
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Market equilibrium and disequilibrium The following graph shows the monthly demand and supply curves in the market for teapots, Use the graph input tool to help you answer the following questions. You will not be graded on any changes you make to this graph. Note: Once you enter a value in a white fieid, the graph and any corresponding amounts in each
Market equilibrium is a state in which demand and supply are equal, and the price of the commodity is the equilibrium price. Disequilibrium is a situation in which supply and demand are not equal, and the price of the commodity is either too high or too low.
Market equilibrium occurs when the demand and supply curves intersect, and the market clears at the equilibrium price. The point of intersection is the equilibrium point, where the quantity demanded and quantity supplied are equal. At this point, there is neither a shortage nor a surplus of the commodity. The equilibrium price is determined by the market forces of demand and supply. The demand and supply curves for teapots are shown in the graph below: The price at which the quantity provided and demanded are equal is referred to as the equilibrium price. The equilibrium price in this situation is $10. At this price, the quantity demanded is 600 teapots, and the quantity supplied is 600 teapots. Therefore, the market is in equilibrium. Disequilibrium occurs when there is a shortage or a surplus of the commodity in the market. In the case of teapots, a shortage occurs when the price is below the equilibrium price, and a surplus occurs when the price is above the equilibrium price. For example, if the price of teapots is $5, the quantity demanded is 800 teapots, and the quantity supplied is only 400 teapots. This creates a shortage of 400 teapots, and consumers will try to bid up the price to get their hands on the teapots. This will eventually push the price up to the equilibrium price of $10. Similarly, if the price of teapots is $20, the quantity supplied is 800 teapots, and the quantity demanded is only 200 teapots. This creates a surplus of 600 teapots, and producers will try to lower the price to get rid of the excess teapots. This will eventually push the price down to the equilibrium price of $10. Thus, the market will always tend towards equilibrium.
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Research Assignment 1 (RA1) This week, find an article in the Wall Street Journal related to a management issue in business or a particular industry that is resulting from a current social issues. Write a one to two page summary of the article ant the issue that arises. Review the RA grading rubric for expectations.
Write a one to two page summary of the article and the issue it presents. Summarizing the key points and discussing the implications of the issue for businesses and the industry involved.
To complete Research Assignment 1 (RA1), follow these steps:
1. Find an article in the Wall Street Journal that discusses a management issue in business or a specific industry resulting from a current social issue. Look for topics that interest you or align with your studies.
2. Read the article carefully to understand the issue and its implications. Take note of key points, such as the specific industry involved, the social issue at hand, and any relevant details or statistics.
3. Write a one to two page summary of the article and the issue it presents. Include a concise main answer in 3 lines that captures the main idea of the article. summarizing the key points and discussing the implications of the issue for businesses and the industry involved.
Remember to review the RA grading rubric to ensure you meet the expectations for the assignment.
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The U.S. Mine Safety Administration conducts searches of certain businesses. This agency and other administrative agencies can conduct warrantless searches in a. highly regulated industries. b. all industries. c newly regulated industries only.
Administrative agencies, like the U.S. Mine Safety Administration, can conduct warrantless searches in highly regulated industries, but not all or exclusively newly regulated.
Administrative agencies are created to regulate specific industries and ensure compliance with relevant laws and regulations.
These agencies are granted certain powers and authorities to carry out their regulatory functions effectively.
One such power is the ability to conduct searches and inspections to monitor compliance.
Warrantless searches are more commonly permitted in highly regulated industries. These industries typically involve activities that pose significant risks to public safety, health, or the environment.
Examples include industries such as mining, pharmaceuticals, nuclear power, transportation, and food processing.
Due to the inherent risks associated with these industries, administrative agencies are granted broader authority to conduct warrantless searches to ensure compliance and protect public interests.
On the other hand, in industries that are less regulated or newly regulated, the need for warrantless searches may be less pronounced.
As industries evolve and new regulations are introduced, administrative agencies may gradually expand their authority to include warrantless searches in those industries.
However, this expansion is typically driven by specific regulatory requirements and the perceived need for increased oversight rather than solely focusing on newly regulated industries.
In summary, administrative agencies, including the U.S. Mine Safety Administration, have the ability to conduct warrantless searches primarily in highly regulated industries due to the significant risks involved.
However, warrantless searches are not applicable to all industries and are not exclusive to newly regulated industries.
The extent of warrantless search authority granted to administrative agencies depends on the level of regulation and the inherent risks associated with specific industries.
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Define and contrast the following types of unemployment: frictional, seasonal, structural and cyclical – provides some examples of each.
Unemployment is a situation where a person is available and willing to work but could not secure any work due to various reasons. The four major types of unemployment are frictional, seasonal, structural, and cyclical.Frictional unemployment.
Frictional unemployment is a type of unemployment that occurs due to the time spent by a person between two jobs. This period could last for a few weeks to several months and may occur due to various reasons such as resignation, job loss, or relocating to another place.
It could also be due to a person’s preference to take some time off before seeking a new job. In this type of unemployment, the individual remains employable and actively searching for a job. Examples of frictional unemployment include job switching, entry-level jobs, and part-time workers.
Seasonal unemployment: Seasonal unemployment occurs due to the fluctuations in the demand for workers in certain industries or occupations over a particular period of time. This type of unemployment occurs during specific seasons and could last for a few weeks or several months. Examples of seasonal unemployment include farmers, construction workers, and Christmas tree sellers.
Structural unemployment: Structural unemployment is a type of unemployment that occurs due to the mismatch between the available skills of the workers and the job requirements. This type of unemployment occurs when there is a change in the structure of the economy, technology advancements, or shifts in the demand for specific goods and services. Examples of structural unemployment include workers in declining industries, outsourcing of jobs, and changes in the technology.
Cyclical unemployment: Cyclical unemployment is a type of unemployment that occurs due to the fluctuations in the business cycle or the economic recession. It occurs when there is a downturn in the economy, and the demand for goods and services decreases, leading to a decrease in the demand for labor. Examples of cyclical unemployment include the 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic.
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what is the present worth of $4,257 in year 1 and amounts increasing by $142 per year through year 5 at an interest rate of 10% per year? QUESTION 5 what is the future worth of $B30 in year 1 and amounts increasing by $54 per year through year 5 at an interest rate of 10% per year? QUESTION 6 Find the present worth of $2,551 in year 1 and amounts increasing by 10% per year through year 8 . Use an interest rate of 12% per year.
For Question 5:
To calculate the future worth of $B30 in year 1 and amounts increasing by $54 per year through year 5 at an interest rate of 10% per year, we can use the future value formula:
Future Worth = Principal + (Increase per year) * [(1 + Interest Rate)^Number of years - 1] / Interest Rate
Given:
Principal = $B30
Increase per year = $54
Interest Rate = 10%
Number of years = 5
Plugging in the values:
Future Worth = $B30 + $54 * [(1 + 0.10)^5 - 1] / 0.10
Calculating the expression inside the brackets first:
(1 + 0.10)^5 = 1.61051
Now, calculating the future worth:
Future Worth = $B30 + $54 * (1.61051 - 1) / 0.10
Finally, evaluating the expression:
Future Worth ≈ $B30 + $54 * 0.61051 / 0.10
For Question 6:
To find the present worth of $2,551 in year 1 and amounts increasing by 10% per year through year 8 at an interest rate of 12% per year, we can use the present value formula:
Present Worth = Future Worth / (1 + Interest Rate)^Number of years
Given:
Future Worth = $2,551
Interest Rate = 12%
Number of years = 8
Plugging in the values:
Present Worth = $2,551 / (1 + 0.12)^8
Calculating the expression inside the brackets first:
(1 + 0.12)^8 = 2.51993
Now, calculating the present worth:
Present Worth = $2,551 / 2.51993
Finally, evaluating the expression:
Present Worth ≈ $1,012.65
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Material requirements planning (MRP) determines which of the following: (choose all that apply) What material is needed When the material is needed How many are needed Quality of the material needed
Material requirements planning (MRP) is a system used by companies to determine and manage the materials needed for production. It helps to ensure that the right materials are available at the right time and in the right quantities. MRP considers various factors to determine the material requirements.
1. What material is needed: MRP analyzes the bill of materials (BOM), which lists all the components required to produce a finished product. It determines the specific materials needed for production based on the BOM.
2. When the material is needed: MRP takes into account the production schedule and lead times for each material. It calculates when each material needs to be ordered or produced to meet the production schedule.
3. How many are needed: MRP calculates the quantities of each material required based on the production schedule and the quantities needed for each finished product. It takes into account factors like demand forecasts, safety stock levels, and order quantities to determine the required quantities of materials.
4. Quality of the material needed: While MRP primarily focuses on the quantity and timing of materials, it can also consider the quality requirements of the materials. This may include specifications for the materials, such as specific grades or certifications.
In conclusion, material requirements planning (MRP) determines what material is needed, when the material is needed, how many are needed, and can also consider the quality requirements of the materials.
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At the beginning of the year, a company estimates total direct materials costs of $1,800,000 and total overhead costs of $2,340,000. If the company uses direct materials costs as its activity base to apply overhead, what is the predetermined overhead rate it should use during the year? a. 100%. b. 130%. c. 77%. d. 30%.
The correct answer is (b) 130%. To calculate the predetermined overhead rate, we need to divide the total overhead costs by the total direct materials costs and multiply by 100 to express it as a percentage.
Total overhead costs: $2,340,000
Total direct materials costs: $1,800,000
Predetermined Overhead Rate = (Total Overhead Costs / Total Direct Materials Costs) * 100
Predetermined Overhead Rate = ($2,340,000 / $1,800,000) * 100
Simplifying the calculation:
Predetermined Overhead Rate = 1.3 * 100
Predetermined Overhead Rate = 130%
Therefore, the company should use a predetermined overhead rate of 130% during the year. This means that for every dollar of direct materials costs, the company will allocate $1.30 towards overhead costs. This helps the company determine the appropriate amount of overhead to include in the total cost of each product or service.
In summary, the correct answer is (b) 130%.
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Processes normally return buried carbon to the atmosphere, balancing out sedimentation?
Volcanic eruptions can replenish buried carbon in the atmosphere by releasing carbon that has been buried due to sedimentation. Decomposition is the process through which dead organic matter (dead animals and plants) and organic chemicals are broken down into simple inorganic carbon forms.
Carbon in organic matter is transformed into inorganic carbon dioxide gas, which is then released back into the atmosphere during this process. The phosphorus cycle occurs in both terrestrial and aquatic habitats, going from rocks through soil to living organisms. A component of the sulphur cycle involves sulphur moving into the atmosphere as sulphur dioxide and hydrogen sulphide. Phosphorus is primarily stored in sedimentary rock.
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Encode a sto (store) instruction that will store the accumulator value in memory cell 15.
Encode STO instruction: opcode 0010, memory cell 15 (1111). Store instruction at memory location 120.
To encode an STO (store) instruction that stores the accumulator value in the memory cell 15, the following steps can be taken:
1. Determine the opcode: The opcode for the STO instruction needs to be identified. Let's assume that the opcode for STO is 0010.
2. Determine the memory address: The memory cell where the accumulator value will be stored is 15. This address needs to be converted into a binary representation. In this case, 15 is represented as 1111 in binary.
3. Encode the instruction: Combine the opcode and memory address to create the instruction. The resulting instruction would be 0010 1111.
4. Store the instruction in memory: The encoded instruction can now be stored in memory, at the desired location, such as 120.
Remember, this is a simplified example, and actual encoding may vary depending on the computer architecture and instruction set used.
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eBook What is the present value of a security that will pay $46,000 in 20 years if securities of equal risk pay 4% annually? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest cent. 3 Check My Work What is the present value of a security that will pay $46,000 in 20 years if securities of equal risk pay 4% annually? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest cent.
The present value of a security that will pay $46,000 in 20 years, with securities of equal risk paying 4% annually, is $19,934.38.
To calculate the present value of a future cash flow, we use the concept of discounted cash flow analysis. The present value represents the current worth of a future amount of money, taking into account the time value of money.
In this case, we have a security that will pay $46,000 in 20 years. The discount rate is given as 4% annually. To determine the present value, we use the formula for present value of a single future cash flow:
Present Value = Future Value / (1 + Discount Rate)^Number of Periods
Plugging in the given values, we have:
Present Value = $46,000 / (1 + 0.04)^20 = $19,934.38
Therefore, the present value of the security is $19,934.38. This means that if you were to invest an amount equal to the present value today, earning a 4% annual return, it would accumulate to $46,000 after 20 years.
The concept of present value is important in financial decision-making as it helps evaluate the attractiveness of future cash flows in today's terms. By discounting future cash flows, we can compare them to alternative investments or assess their value in relation to the risk and return requirements. It is crucial to consider the discount rate or required rate of return, as it reflects the opportunity cost of investing in one security compared to others of similar risk.
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Which index of economic freedom is based on 10 indicators?
1.
IMF Index
2.
Heritage Foundation on Index
3.
WTO Index
4.
Bloomberg Index
What law is the most widely practiced theocratic law?
1.
African law
2.
Russian law
3.
Islamic law
4.
Chinese law
Who argued that development should be assessed less by material output and more by opportunities that people enjoy?
1.
Milton Friedman
2.
Amartya Sen
3.
Adam Smith
4.
Bill Clinton
The index of economic freedom based on 10 indicators is the "Heritage Foundation Index." It measures the economic freedom of countries based on factors such as property rights, government integrity, tax burden, government spending, monetary freedom, trade freedom, investment freedom, financial freedom, business freedom, and labor freedom.
The most widely practiced theocratic law is "Islamic law" (option 3). Islamic law, also known as Sharia law, is a religious legal system derived from the teachings of the Quran and the Hadith (the sayings and actions of Prophet Muhammad). It is practiced in various countries with Muslim-majority populations.
The individual who argued that development should be assessed less by material output and more by opportunities that people enjoy is "Amartya Sen" (option 2). Amartya Sen is an Indian economist and philosopher who emphasized the importance of considering human capabilities and freedoms in evaluating development.
He developed the concept of "human development," which focuses on enhancing people's well-being and expanding their choices and capabilities.
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Which of the following does not apply to the stock of a company? Select one: a. it can be issued in the primary markets b. it can trade on the OTC markets c. it can trade in the stock exchange d. it can trade in money markets e. it is a capital market security Debt instruments with long maturities are traded in: Select one: a. The primary market exclusively. b. Capital markets c. Stock exchanges d. The money market. e. none of the above Guaranteeing a price for a corporation's new shares is called Select one: a. hedging b. financial insurance c. underwriting d. intermediation e. dealing Financial markets in which only short term securities ( generally less than one year) are traded Select one: a. primary market b. secondary market c. capital market d. debt market e. money market
1. Which of the following does not apply to the stock of a company?
The correct answer is d. it can trade in money markets. Stocks of a company are typically traded on stock exchanges or over-the-counter (OTC) markets. Money markets, on the other hand, deal with short-term debt securities and financial instruments.2. Debt instruments with long maturities are traded in:
The correct answer is b. Capital markets. Capital markets encompass a range of financial instruments, including long-term debt instruments such as bonds. These debt instruments with longer maturities are typically traded in capital markets.3. Guaranteeing a price for a corporation's new shares is called:
The correct answer is c. underwriting. Underwriting refers to the process in which an underwriter or an investment bank guarantees a specific price and quantity of a corporation's new shares during an initial public offering (IPO) or a secondary offering. The underwriter takes on the risk of purchasing the shares from the company and then reselling them to investors.4. Financial markets in which only short-term securities (generally less than one year) are traded:
The correct answer is e. money market. The money market is a financial market where short-term debt securities and instruments are traded. These securities typically have maturities of less than one year. Money market instruments include Treasury bills, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, and short-term government bonds. The money market provides liquidity and short-term funding for businesses and financial institutions.To learn more about initial public offering (IPO), Visit:
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Which of the following is correct regarding the effect of expansionary monetary policy in the Keynesian model?
a. The consumption function swivels downward showing a fall in aggregate spending and income.
b. The aggregate spending curve will shift downward showing a fall in aggregate spending and income.
c. Investment spending will increase, which is shown by an upward shift of the aggregate spending curve.
d. Firms will choose to invest less.
The correct answer regarding the effect of expansionary monetary policy in the Keynesian model is Investment spending will increase, which is shown by an upward shift of the aggregate spending curve. The correct answer is option (c).
This policy aims to stimulate economic growth and increase aggregate demand.
In the Keynesian model, expansionary monetary policy is implemented to stimulate the economy during a recession or to prevent one from happening. It involves increasing the money supply and reducing interest rates to encourage borrowing and spending.
When expansionary monetary policy is implemented, it leads to a decrease in interest rates. This decrease in interest rates reduces the cost of borrowing for firms and individuals, making investment more attractive.
As a result, firms are more likely to choose to invest in new projects and expand their businesses. This increase in investment spending leads to an upward shift of the aggregate spending curve, which represents the total spending in the economy.
By increasing investment spending, expansionary monetary policy aims to boost aggregate demand and stimulate economic growth. This increased investment leads to higher levels of economic activity, which in turn can lead to higher employment, income, and overall economic output.
To summarize, in the Keynesian model, expansionary monetary policy leads to an increase in investment spending, which is shown by an upward shift of the aggregate spending curve. This policy aims to stimulate economic growth and increase aggregate demand.
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The correct option is c. Investment spending will increase, which is shown by an upward shift of the aggregate spending curve.
In the Keynesian model, expansionary monetary policy refers to the actions taken by a central bank to increase the money supply and lower interest rates in order to stimulate economic activity. Among the given options, the correct statement regarding the effect of expansionary monetary policy in the Keynesian model is:
c. Investment spending will increase, which is shown by an upward shift of the aggregate spending curve.
Expansionary monetary policy aims to lower interest rates, making it cheaper for businesses and individuals to borrow money for investment purposes. Lower interest rates encourage businesses to increase their investment spending, as borrowing costs decrease, making new projects more attractive. This increase in investment spending has a positive effect on aggregate demand and can lead to an upward shift of the aggregate spending curve.
Option a is incorrect because expansionary monetary policy is intended to increase aggregate spending and income, rather than decrease it. Option b is also incorrect because the aggregate spending curve would shift upward due to increased investment spending. Option d is incorrect because expansionary monetary policy is designed to encourage firms to invest more, not less.
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Airline companies around the world are experiencing increased costs in part due to _________. group of answer choices
Airline companies around the world are experiencing increased costs in part due to a variety of factors.
Airlines around the world are grappling with rising costs due to a variety of factors. A major contributor to these growing costs is rising fuel prices. Fluctuations in aviation fuel prices can have a significant impact on an airline's operating costs, as fuel makes up a significant portion of their costs.
In addition, regulatory requirements also play an important role, where airlines must comply with safety standards, security measures and environmental regulations, which often require investment and expenditure. additional fees. Labour costs, including wages, benefits and staffing requirements, further contribute to costs. Additionally, infrastructure and maintenance costs, such as airport fees and aircraft maintenance, can cause financial stress for airlines.
Finally, market competition increases the cost burden as airlines compete on price and invest in strategies to stay competitive. These factors combined pose ongoing challenges for airlines as they navigate amid rising costs.
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Hampton Industries had $67,000 in cash at year-end 2020 and $27,000 in cash at year-end 2021 . The firm invested in property, plant, and equipment totaling $300,000= the majority having a useful nife greater than 20 years and falling under the alternative depreciation system, Cash flow from financing activitles totaled +$170,000. Round your answers to the nearest dollar, If necessary. a. What was the cash fiow from operating activities? Cash outflow, if any, should be indicated by a minus sign. b. If accruals increased by $35,000, receivables and inventories increased by $100,000, and depreciation and amortization totaled $31,000, what was the firm's net income?
a. The cash flow from operating activities cannot be determined based on the given information.
b. The firm's net income cannot be determined based on the given information.
a. To calculate the cash flow from operating activities, we need to determine the change in cash from year-end 2020 to year-end 2021 and adjust for non-operating cash flows. The formula for calculating cash flow from operating activities is as follows:
Cash Flow from Operating Activities = Net Income + Depreciation and Amortization +/- Changes in Working Capital
Given the information provided, we don't have the net income or the specific changes in working capital. Therefore, we cannot determine the exact cash flow from operating activities.
b. To calculate the net income, we can use the following formula:
Net Income = Cash Flow from Operating Activities - Depreciation and Amortization - Changes in Working Capital
However, we don't have the cash flow from operating activities or the changes in working capital. Therefore, we cannot determine the firm's net income based on the given information.
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On August 1, 2016 , Major Link lnc. purchased a new piece of equipment that cost S25 ,000. The estimated use-full life is five years, and estimated residual value is S2,500 . Assume Major Link purchased the equipment on August 1, 2016. lf Major Link uses the straight-line method for depreciation, what is the depreciation expense for the year ended December 31 , 2016? a. S1,875 b. S1,500 c. $2,083 d. S4,500
To calculate the depreciation expense for the year ended December 31, 2016, using the straight-line method, we need to determine the depreciable base and divide it by the useful life.
The depreciable base is the cost of the equipment minus the estimated residual value. In this case:
Depreciable Base = Cost of equipment - Estimated residual value
Depreciable Base = $25,000 - $2,500
Depreciable Base = $22,500
Next, we divide the depreciable base by the useful life to calculate the annual depreciation expense:
Depreciation Expense = Depreciable Base / Useful life
Depreciation Expense = $22,500 / 5
Depreciation Expense = $4,500
Therefore, the depreciation expense for the year ended December 31, 2016, using the straight-line method, is $4,500. The correct option is d. $4,500.
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Most business messages replace conversation, so they are more effective when they convey an informal tone.
true or false
The given statement "Most business messages replace conversation, so they are more effective when they convey an informal tone" is false. Informal tones can harm business communication, and using a professional tone can improve its effectiveness. Effective business communication requires active listening, empathy, cultural sensitivity, clarity, and timeliness.
Business communication refers to the exchange of information between people within or outside an organization. Its main goal is to inform, persuade, or provide feedback to achieve business objectives. Business communication can take various forms, including written, verbal, or visual, and it can happen through different channels, such as email, phone calls, or video conferences.
Thus, business messages should be clear, concise, and professional to effectively convey their intended meaning. Business messages that convey an informal tone may lead to misunderstandings or confusion, causing unnecessary problems or conflict. Effective business communication requires an appropriate tone, style, and language that match the message's purpose and audience.
Factors that influence effective business communication include active listening, empathy, cultural sensitivity, clarity, and timeliness. Active listening involves paying attention to the speaker's message and nonverbal cues, providing feedback, and asking clarifying questions. Empathy involves putting oneself in the audience's shoes to understand their perspectives, feelings, and needs.
Cultural sensitivity involves respecting cultural differences in language, values, and customs that affect communication. Clarity involves using concise, specific, and jargon-free language to avoid ambiguity or vagueness. Timeliness involves responding promptly to messages to avoid delays or missed opportunities.
In conclusion, informal tones can harm business communication, and using a professional tone can improve its effectiveness. Effective business communication requires active listening, empathy, cultural sensitivity, clarity, and timeliness.
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