letter “c” is pointing to the force variable in the graph . What letter in physics is used to represent force

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Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

Newton


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determine the equilibrium solutions and plot the simulate the response of the following nonlinear 1st order dynamic model:

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As any small perturbation away from the fixed point will cause x to return to the fixed points at x = 0.5 and x = -2 are stable, while the fixed point at x = 0 is unstable.

The equilibrium solutions, also known as fixed points, are the values of x for which the derivative of x is equal to zero, i.e., dx/dt = 0. In this case, the derivative of x can be expressed as: dx/dt = x (1 - 2x) (x + 2)

Setting dx/dt = 0, we obtain the following three fixed points:

x = 0, x = 0.5, x = -2

To classify the fixed points as stable or unstable, we need to consider the sign of the derivative around each fixed point.

(1) For x = 0, we have:

dx/dt = x (1 - x) ( x + 2) > 0 for x > 0 and dx/dt < 0 for x < 0.

This indicates that the fixed point at x = 0 is unstable, as any small perturbation away from the fixed point will cause x to move away from it.

(2) For x = 0.5, we have:

dx/dt = x (1 - x) ( x + 2) < 0 for x < 0.5 and dx/dt > 0 for x > 0.5.

This indicates that the fixed point at x = 0.5 is stable, as any small perturbation away from the fixed point will cause x to return to it.

(3) For x = -2, we have:

dx/dt = x (1 - x) ( x + 2) < 0 for x < -2 and dx/dt > 0 for x > -2.

This indicates that the fixed point at x = -2 is stable, as any small perturbation away from the fixed point will cause x to return to it.

In conclusion, the fixed points at x = 0.5 and x = -2 are stable, while the fixed point at x = 0 is unstable. A plot of the simulated response of x for different initial conditions would show the system converging to the stable fixed points, while moving away from the unstable fixed point.

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The given question is incorrect. The correct question is given as:

Determine the equilibrium solutions and plot the simulated response of the following nonlinear 1st-order dynamic model for different initial conditions x(0).

x = x (1 - x) ( x + 2)

Based on the simulations, classify the equilibrium solutions as stable or unstable.

the human eye is capable of resolving angles of 1 arcminute. how far away must a star be to have a parallax that is visible to the human eye? give your answer in pc using 3 decimal places.

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A star must be at least 3,437.75 parsecs away to have a parallax that is visible to the human eye.

The parallax of a star is a measure of the shift in its apparent position due to the observer's change in location. If a star has a parallax that is visible to the human eye, its parallax angle must be greater than 1 arcminute.

The parallax angle can be related to the distance to the star using the formula:

parallax angle (in arcseconds) = 206,265 * (distance to star in parsecs)^(-1)

Rearranging this formula to solve for the distance to the star, we get:

distance to star (in parsecs) = 206,265 * (parallax angle in arcseconds)^(-1)

Setting the parallax angle equal to 1 arcminute (which is equal to 60 arcseconds), we get:

distance to star (in parsecs) = 206,265 * (60)^(-1) = 206,265 / 60 = 3,437.75

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tolong bantu jawab yh ka

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B. 20 cm

Maaf jika saya salah saya minta maaf kepada Anda juga saya menerjemahkan ini karena saya tidak mengerti bahasa indonesia hehe

A simple pendulum has a period of 2.0 s. What is the pendulum length? (g = 9.8 ms2) a. 2,4 mb. 0,36 mc. 0,78 md. 0,99 m

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The required pendulum length when time period is specified is calculated to be 0.99 m. Correct option is D.

Time period of simple pendulum is given as 2 s.

Acceleration due to gravity is given as 9.8 m/s².

We know the relation between time period, length of the pendulum, acceleration due to gravity as,

T = 2π √(l/g)

T is time period in seconds

l is length in metres

g is acceleration due to gravity in m/s²

Making l as subject on re-arranging, we have,

(T/2π)² = l/g

l = g × (T/2π)² = 9.8 × (2/2π)² = 9.8 × 1/π² = 0.99 m

Thus, the length of the pendulum is calculated to be 0.99 m.

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14. if the human eye has an osmotic pressure of 8.0 atm at 25°c, what concentration of solute particles in water will provide an isotonic eye drop solution (a solution with equal osmotic pressure)?

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Concentration of solute particles in water which will provide an isotonic eye drop solution (a solution with equal osmotic pressure) is 8 moles.

The osmotic pressure (Π) of a solution is given by the formula:

Π = n * R * T / V,

where n is the number of solute particles, R is the ideal gas constant (8.31 J/mol*K), T is the temperature in Kelvin (25°C = 298 K), and V is the volume occupied by the solute particles.

For an isotonic eye drop solution, the osmotic pressure of the solution must be equal to the osmotic pressure of the eye, which is 8.0 atm.

So,

8.0 atm = n * 8.31 J/mol*K * 298 K / V

Rearranging and solving for n, we get:

n = 8.0 atm * V / (8.31 J/mol*K * 298 K)

Since the volume (V) is not specified, it is not possible to calculate the exact concentration of solute particles that will provide an isotonic eye drop solution. However, the concentration will be proportional to the volume.

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the video states that it takes light 1.25 seconds to travel between the earth and the moon. let's say you wanted to calculate this number yourself. you know that the speed of light is 300,000 km/s. what other piece of information would you need to determine the time it takes light to travel between earth and the moon?

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In order to calculate the time it takes for light to travel between the Earth and the moon, we would need to know the distance between them.

Specifically, the distance between the center of the Earth and the center of the Moon. The Earth-Moon distance varies, but is usually around 384,400 km.

Knowing this distance and the speed of light, you can calculate the time it takes for light to travel between them using the formula:

Time = Distance/Speed. In this case, the time would be calculated as: Time = 384400/300000 = 1.28 seconds.

Therefore, it takes light 1.25 seconds to travel between the Earth and the Moon.

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a motorcycle moves at a constant speed ofv=12m/s around a curved road of radius r = 100 m. what is most nearly the magnitude and general direction of the motorcycle's acceleration?

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Magnitude of motorcycle is 1.44 m/s^2 and general direction of motorcycle's acceleration is towards the center of the circle i.e. centripetal acceleration.  

The acceleration of an object moving in a circle is called centripetal acceleration and it is given by the formula:

a = v^2 / r

where v is the speed of the object and r is the radius of the circle.

Given the speed of the motorcycle, v = 12 m/s, and the radius of the road, r = 100 m, the centripetal acceleration can be calculated as follows:

a = v^2 / r

a = (12 m/s)^2 / 100 m

a = 144 m^2/s^2 / 100 m

a = 1.44 m/s^2

So, the magnitude of the motorcycle's acceleration is approximately 1.44 m/s^2.

The direction of the acceleration is towards the center of the circle, and is known as centripetal acceleration. The motorcycle is constantly being pulled towards the center of the circle, which keeps it moving in a circular path. This means that the direction of the acceleration is towards the center of the circle, at right angles to the direction of motion.

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a. determine the magnitude and direction of the net electric field at location a, to the left of the ion.

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The electric field owing to the positive ion may be used to calculate the net electric field at position A to the left of the ion. The electric field generated by a point charge may be calculated as follows.

E = k * q / r^2 where k is the Coulomb constant, q is the ion's charge, and r is the distance between the ion and the place where the electric field is computed (in this case, location A). Because the positive ion has a positive charge, the electric field will be directed towards it. We need to know the values of k, q, and r to calculate the magnitude of the electric field. The magnitude of the electric field is then computed as follows: sqrt(E x2 + E y2 + E z2) = |E| where E x, E y, and E z are the electric field components in the x, y, and z directions, respectively.

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you discover a new planet on an orbit with a period of 14yrs. what is its average distance from the sun?

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The average distance of a new planet on an orbit with a period of 14yrs from the sun is 5.8AU.

Kepler's Third Law states that P^2 = a^3 if the orbital radius (a) is given in astronomical units (1 AU being the average distance between the Earth and Sun) and the period (P) is given in years. where M is the mass of the central object in units of the Sun's mass and P is in Earth years, an is in AU, and a.

So, given the period of orbit is (P) = 14yrs

Let the distance = a

Then P^2 = a^3

14 x 14 = a^3

a = ∛196 = 5.8AU

Hence the average distance from sun is 5.8AU.

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a 30 60 caliber hunting rifle fired s bullet of mass 0163kg with a velocity of 812 m s to the right the rifle has a mass of 2.06kg shat is the recoik soeed if thr rifle as fhe bullet leave the rigle

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Answer:

Below

Explanation:

There is an awful lot of typos in your post...this may be the answer:

Using law of conservation of momentum

bullet = mv = (.0163)*812 = 13.23  kg-m/s

rifle    13.23 = 2.06 v      

             v =  13.23/2.06 = 6.42 m/s

A student observes that a cabinet door appears to be smaller in the winter than it is in
the summer. He concludes that the particles in the wood shrink in cold weather.
Explain what is wrong with the student's explanation, and give a correct explanation.

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The explanation is incorrect because the grains of wood cannot shrink because they remain the same size and cannot shrink.

What is thermal expansion?

Due to thermal expansion, cabinet doors look smaller in winter. In the summer heat expansion occurs and the wood expands. Wood does not expand in winter because there is no thermal expansion.

Thermal expansion is the tendency of a substance to change shape, area, volume, and density in response to changes in temperature, usually without a phase transition. Temperature is a monotonic function of the average molecular kinetic energy of matter.

Thermal expansion is used in many different applications. B. Track buckling, engine coolant, mercury in thermometers, swelling in joints, etc

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The mass of an empty cylinder is 185 g. When the measuring cylinder contains 400 cm³ of a liquid, the total mas is 465 g. Find the density of the liquid

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Answer: 0.7 g/cm³

Explanation:

To find the density of a liquid, we can use the formula:

density = mass / volume

In this case, we know the mass of the empty cylinder is 185 g, and the mass of the cylinder plus the liquid is 465 g. So, we can find the mass of the liquid by subtracting the mass of the cylinder from the total mass:

mass of liquid = 465 g - 185 g = 280 g

We also know that the volume of the liquid is 400 cm³. So we can now find the density of the liquid:

density = 280 g / 400 cm³

density = 0.7 g/cm³

So, the density of the liquid is 0.7 g/cm³.

resonances of the ear canal lead to increased sensitivity of hearing, as we've seen. dogs have a much longer ear canal - 5.2 cm - than humans. part a what are the two lowest frequencies at which dogs have an increase in sensitivity? the speed of sound in the warm air of the ear is 350 m/s .

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The first lowest frequency at which dogs have an increase in sensitivity is 33.65 Hz. And the second lowest frequency is 67.3 Hz.

The two lowest frequencies at which dogs have an increase in sensitivity can be found using the formula for resonant frequencies: f = nv/2L, where n is an integer representing the harmonic number, v is the speed of sound, and L is the length of the ear canal. For the first harmonic (n = 1), the lowest frequency at which dogs have an increase in sensitivity is f = v/2L = 350/(25.2) = 33.65 Hz. For the second harmonic (n = 2), the next lowest frequency is f = 2v/2L = 2 * (350/(25.2)) = 67.3 Hz.

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explain why this is the case by discussing specific forces and force components

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When a car turns on a curved road, the centripetal force is generated. This force, which is applied to the circular path's centre, is what causes the body's velocity to change direction.

The force is provided by the friction between the tyres of the car and the road surface. This friction is a part of the normal force, which acts perpendicular to the road's surface.

The other component of the normal force, the normal reaction, acts in the opposite direction to the centripetal force and helps in balancing the weight of the car.

The normal force thus plays an important role in providing the centripetal force and keeping the car balanced. Without it, the car would not be able to turn on a curved road.

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If a water pump at kainji dam is capable of lifting 1000kg of water through a vertical height of 10m in 10s the power of the pump is??​

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The water pump at Kainji Dam has a 9800 watt .

What is Power?

How much work a machine, like a water pump, can complete in a specific length of time is referred to as its power.

It is frequently stated in terms of watts (W), which are the same as joules per second.

How do you determine it?

The water pump at Kainji Dam is responsible for raising 1000 kg of water across a 10 metre vertical distance. The equation: can be used to compute this work.

Work = force X distance =mass X gravity X height.

where Distance is the vertical height through which the water is carried, Force is the weight of the water (mass times gravity), and When we enter the values, we obtain:

Work = 1000 kg times 9.8 m/s2 times 10 m = 98000 J

Knowing the quantity of work completed allows us to determine the pump's power. The task divided by the time it takes to do the work gives you the power.

9800 W is equal to 98000 J (10 s) of work.

Consequently, the water pump at Kainji Dam has a 9800 watt output.

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a ball of mass m traveling horizontally with a velocity v strikes a massive vertical wall and rebounds back along its original direction with no change in speed. what is the magnitude (no sign needed) of the impulse delivered by the wall to the ball?

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2mv is the magnitude of the impulse delivered by the wall to the ball.

What is Velocity ?

Velocity is a vector quantity that describes the rate of change of an object's position. It is equal to the displacement of an object divided by the time interval over which the displacement occurred. Velocity has both magnitude and direction, and its units are typically meters per second (m/s). The velocity of an object can change over time due to acceleration, and if an object is moving in a circular path, it also has a component of velocity perpendicular to its direction of motion, known as centripetal velocity.

Impulse = change in momentum

J = m(v - u)

  = m(v-(-v))

J = 2mv

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determine whether the existence and uniqueness of solution theorem implies that the given initial value problem has a unique solution. , y(0)

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Existence and Individuality If a function f(t, y) is continuous and locally Lipschitz in y, then for a given starting value issue of the form: y(0) = y0, y' = f(t, y). On some interval.

including the beginning point, there exists a unique solution (t0, y0). The theorem simply ensures the presence and uniqueness of a solution on some interval including the beginning point, not that it exists for all t. The existence and uniqueness intervals of the solution are determined by the behavior of the function f(t, y) and the initial value y0. As a result of the Existence and Uniqueness Theorem, the stated initial value problem If the function f(t, y) is continuous and locally Lipschitz in y, it has a unique solution. If these requirements are not met, the theorem cannot ensure the existence or uniqueness of a solution, and additional approaches may be required to find one.

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if lightning strikes a transformer, it will cause power outages. which lightning strike is likely to affect the most electric power customers: a strike to a step-down transformer on an electric pole or a strike to a step-down transformer in an electric substation?

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A strike to a step-down transformer in an electric substation is likely to affect most electric power customers.

This is because a step-down transformer in a substation is typically responsible for distributing power to many customers. A strike to this transformer can cause a much larger power outage than a strike to a step-down transformer on an electric pole, which may only affect a small area or a few customers.

A substation transformer is usually connected to the power grid and has a much larger capacity than a pole transformer, so it can affect many customers when it is struck by lightning.

Additionally, a strike to a substation transformer can cause long-term outages and damage to the power grid, while a strike to a pole transformer may only cause a short-term outage.

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two charges are electrostatically attracted by a force of 5 n. if the distance between the two charges is quintupled, what will the new magnitude of the electrostatic force be in newtons?

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The new magnitude of the electrostatic force will be 1/25th of the original force, or 0.2 N.

This is because the electrostatic force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the charges. Therefore, when the distance is quintupled, the force is reduced by a factor of 25.

The electrostatic force is a force of attraction or repulsion between electrically charged particles, such as electrons and protons. This force is caused by the exchange of photons between the particles, which creates an electric field around the particles.

The electrostatic force is an inverse-square law, meaning that the force decreases with increasing distance between the particles. The force can be attractive or repulsive, depending on the charge of the particles. Attractive forces exist between particles of opposite charge, while repulsive forces exist between particles of the same charge. The electrostatic force is one of the four fundamental forces of nature, along with gravitation, the weak force, and the strong force.

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a wet bicycle tire leaves a trace of water on the floor. the tire has a radius of 30 cm 30 cm30, start text, space, c, m, end text, and the bicycle wheel makes 3 33 full rotations before stopping. how long is the trace of water left on the floor? round your answer to the nearest cm cmstart text, c, m, end text.

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The trace of water left on the floor by a bicycle tire with a 30 cm radius that makes 33 full rotations before stopping is 6,217.2 cm.

When a wet bicycle tire rotates, it leaves a trace of water on the floor. The length of the trace depends on the radius of the tire and the number of rotations made by the wheel. In this case, the tire has a radius of 30 cm, and the wheel makes 33 full rotations before stopping.

To calculate the length of the trace, we first need to find the circumference of the tire, which is:

tire circumference = 2 × π × 30 cm

tire circumference = 2 × 3.14 ×30 cm

tire circumference = 188.4 cm

Then, multiplying the circumference by the number of rotations gives us the length of the trace left on the floor.

length of trace on the floor = circumference × number of rotations

length of trace on the floor = 188.4 cm × 33 rotations

length of trace on the floor = 6,217.20 cm

Therefore, trace of water left on the floor by a bicycle tire with a 30 cm radius that makes 33 full rotations before stopping is 6,217.2 cm.

It's important to note that the trace of water left on the floor also depends on various factors such as the speed and angle of rotation, the pressure applied on the tire, and the surface of the floor.

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Your question seems incomplete, but I suppose the question was:

"A wet bicycle tire leaves a trace of water on the floor. The tire has a radius of 30 cm, and the bicycle wheel makes 33 full rotations before stopping. How long is the trace of water left on the floor? round your answer to the nearest cm."

An object accelerates if its velocity changes, such as speeding up or slowing down.
What is the other way an object can accelerate (without changing speed)?
What in the a00 loration

Answers

Centripetal acceleration is the process of having an item accelerate while altering its direction of motion.

What is centripetal acceleration?

The acceleration of a circularly moving item that is pointed in the direction of the circle's centre is known as centripetal acceleration.

When an object is travelling in a circle while being continuously drawn toward the centre, this is known as circular motion. Despite the fact that the object's speed may not vary, its velocity does. This kind of acceleration needs a net force, which is frequently supplied by the tension in a string or the gravitational pull of a planet.

A = v2/r, where r is the circle's radius and v is the object's velocity, can be used to compute centripetal acceleration. The magnitude of this acceleration is inversely proportional to the radius of the circle and is always in the direction of the centre of the circle.

In conclusion, an item accelerates if its velocity, either in speed or direction, changes. Centripetal acceleration is necessary for things travelling in circular motion because it causes the velocity to change direction without increasing or decreasing in speed.

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The deceleration of a car is given by the function a = - t/2. Find the distance traveled in 3 seconds if its initial velocity was 15 m/s. 12 m 36 m 59 m 6 m 43 m

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The deceleration of a car is given by the function a = - t/2, the distance traveled by the car in 3 seconds is approximately 43 meters.

To calculate the distance travelled by the car in three seconds, first integrate the deceleration function with respect to time to acquire the velocity function, and then integrate the velocity function with respect to time to produce the displacement (distance) function.

Here, we have:

Acceleration function: a = -t/2

Initial velocity: v₀ = 15 m/s

Time: t = 3 seconds

∫a dt = ∫(-t/2) dt

v = -t²/4 + C

v(t=0) = v₀

-0²/4 + C = 15

C = 15

∫v dt = ∫(-t²/4 + 15) dt

s = -t³/12 + 15t + D

s(t=0) = 0

-0³/12 + 15(0) + D = 0

D = 0

Therefore, the displacement (distance) function is: s = -t³/12 + 15t

s(t=3) = -(3³)/12 + 15(3)

s(t=3) = -27/12 + 45

s(t=3) = -9/4 + 45

s(t=3) = 43.07m

Thus, the answer is 43m.

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a resistor with a movable contact that is adjusted by turning a shaft or stem is called a(n) ? resistor.

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A resistor with a movable contact that is adjusted by turning a shaft or stem is called a variable resistor.  

A variable resistor is in essence an electro-mechanical transducer and normally works by sliding a contact over a resistive element.

The resistance of a fixed resistor is constant. By adjusting a slider's position, the resistance of this resistor can be altered. Variable resistors are sometimes used in dimmer switches and volume controls.

It is referred to as a potentiometer when the variable resistors are utilised as a potential divider with three terminals. A rheostat is what is utilised when the same thing is used with two terminals.

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when caitlyn stepped to the plate and hit a 0.150 kg fast ball traveling at 36.0 m/s, the impact caused the ball to leave the bat with a velocity of 45.0 m/s in the opposite direction. if the impact lasted for 0.0020 seconds, what force did caitlyn exert on the baseball? (-6075)

Answers

Force caitlyn exert on the baseball is F=5870 N

A force is an influence that can alter an object's motion, according to physics. When an object with mass moves away from rest, for example, a force can cause it to accelerate as its velocity increases. A push or a pull are two straightforward ways to demonstrate force. Since a force has both magnitude and direction, it is a vector quantity.It is calculated using the newton SI unit (N).

m=0.15kg, u=36m/s, v=-45m/s, t=0.002s

a)- Then the force exerted can be obtained as ,

[tex]F=\frac{mv-mu}{t}[/tex]

[tex]F=\frac{0.15\times45-0.15\times36}{0.002}[/tex]

F=-6075N

caitlyn exerted 6075N on the ball.

b). u= 36[tex]\vu{i}[/tex]

if the final velocity is

v=-45cos30°[tex]\vu{i}[/tex] - 45sin30°[tex]\vu{j}[/tex]

then the force is

[tex]F=\frac{mv-mu}{t}[/tex]

[tex]F=\frac{0.15\times(-45cos30\vu{i}- 45sin30\vu{j})--0.15\times36\vu{i}}{0.002}[/tex]

F=[tex]-5622.8\vu{i}-1687.5\vu{j}[/tex]

Then the magnitude of force is F=[tex]\sqrt{(5622.8)^2+(1687.5)^2[/tex]

F=5870 N

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the field lines associated with a uniform electric field in a region of space are as shown at the right. draw two equipotentials in the plane of the paper; one pasisng through point a and another through point b. if the electric field is 100 n/c, how much does the potential changew in goibng from a to b?

Answers

The potential change in going from a to b is 100 n/c .

Equipotentials of (a) Passing through Point A:

V = k/r

Equipotentials of  (b) Passing through Point B:

V = k/r

Potential Change:

Vb - Va = 100 n/c

4 -3 = 100 n/c

1 = 100 n/c

Potential Change of a to b  = 100 / 1 n/c

= 100 n/c

Like contour lines on a map, equipotential lines trace lines of equal altitude. Electric potential or voltage serves as the "height" in this situation.

Equipotential paths run parallel to the electric field at all times. The lines create surfaces that are equipotential in three dimensions.

Hence ,  100 n /c is the maximum possible change in the value of a to b points.

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under what conditions is hooke’s law invalid? does a spring always exhibit simple harmonic motion? does a pendulum? what is simple harmonic oscillation?

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The restoring force works in the opposite direction and is proportionate to the displacement from its main location. It's restoring, in other words.

Therefore, this is the Hooke's law, which is either false or only true when an object falls when the force is smaller than its elastic limit. The behavior of elastic materials, such as springs, is modelled by Hooke's law (and is only valid if the material does not suffer strong deformations). It claims that a constant factor k determines the proportionality between the force F's magnitude and a specific displacement x (relative to an equilibrium position). The force is also a restoring force, meaning that its direction is the inverse of the displacement vector's.

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An air-filled parallel-plate capacitor of capacitance C is connected to a battery and charged to a voltage V. The capacitor is then disconnected from the battery. If the distance between the capacitor plates is halved while the charge on the capacitor remains the same, which of the following is true?

Answers

The capacitance and the voltage would be halved. Option B

What is the relationship between the capacitance and the distance?

The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor is directly proportional to the area of the plates and inversely proportional to the distance between the plates. This relationship can be described by the equation:

C = εA/d

Where C is the capacitance, ε is the permittivity of the medium between the plates, A is the area of the plates, and d is the distance between the plates.

As the distance between the plates increases, the capacitance decreases. This is because as the distance increases, the electric field between the plates becomes weaker, which means that less charge can be stored on the plates for a given voltage. On the other hand, when the distance decreases, the capacitance increases, this happens because the electric field between the plates gets stronger, allowing more charge to be stored on the plates for a given voltage.

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a student waiting at a stoplight notices that her turn signal, which has a period of 0.80 s , makes one blink exactly in sync with the turn signal of the car in front of her. the blinker of the car ahead then starts to get ahead, but 17 s later the two are exactly in sync again. part a what is the period of the blinker of the other car? express your answer in seconds.

Answers

The period of the blinker of the other car is also 0.80 seconds.

A period is the time it takes for a repeating pattern to complete one cycle. In this case, the student observed that the blinker of their car was in sync with the blinker of the car in front of them. This means that both blinkers have the same period, which was given as 0.80 seconds. Later, the student observed that the blinker of the other car was getting ahead, but 17 seconds later they were exactly in sync again. This suggests that the other blinker had the same period as the student's blinker, which was 0.80 seconds.

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a 10.0 kg monkey swings on a vine from a point which is 40.0m above the jungle floor to a point which is 15.0 m above the floor. if the monkey was moving at 2.00 m/s initially, what is his velocity at the 15.0 m point? ignore air resistance.

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The velocity of the monkey at 15.0 m height from the ground is 22.24 m/s.

The mass of the monkey, m = 10 kg

Initial height of the monkey, h₁ = 40 m

Final height of the monkey, h₂ = 15 m

Initial velocity of the monkey, v₁ = 2 m/s

Let the final velocity of the monkey is v₂.

Initial (P.E + K.E) = Final (P.E + K.E)

m₁gh₁ + 0.5m₁v₁² = m₂gh₂ + 0.5m₂v₂²

gh₁ + 0.5v₁² = gh₂ + 0.5v₂²

9.81 × 40 + 0.5 × 2² = 9.81×15 + 0.5×v₂²

v₂² = 494.5

v₂ = √494.5 = 22.24 m/s

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which scientist first theorized that matter was ultimately composed of small indivisible particles called atoms

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Leucippus and Democritus were the first to postulate that matter was made up of tiny, unbreakable particles. These Greek philosophers proposed the idea that atoms, or atomic particles, were the fundamental building blocks of all matter.

Democritus proposed that the universe is made up of small, indivisible solid substances he termed "atom" 2,500 years ago. Democritus' "atoms" idea, however, was despised by other Greek philosophers because they thought it was nonsensical.

The first scientific theory to link chemical changes to the composition, characteristics, and behavior of the atom is Dalton's Atomic Theory. These are the main principles of this theory:

Atoms are the incredibly minuscule building blocks of all stuff.A given element's atoms are all the same size, mass, and other characteristics. Distinct elements' atoms have different mass, size, and other characteristics.Atoms can never be divided, produced, or eliminated.Chemical compounds can be created by combining atoms of various elements in straightforward whole number ratios.

Since the discovery of radioactivity, the idea that atoms are unbreakable has been called into question. The fact that atoms can be divided into subatomic particles was discovered (such as protons, neutrons and electrons). Only in chemical reactions, where whole number ratios are used for reaction, are atoms indestructible.

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