These are referred to as macromolecules. The majority of macromolecules are polymers, which are lengthy chains of monomeric components.
The structure and function of all four kinds of big biological molecules will next be investigated: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
Large organic molecules, known as macromolecules in biological systems, can contain hundreds or thousands of atoms. The majority of macromolecules are polymers,
which are molecules made up of a single unit (monomer) repeated multiple times. Four of the six electrons in carbon are accessible for bonding with other atoms.
The structure and function of all four kinds of big biological molecules will next be investigated: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
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the diagram shows the steps in the homeostasis pathway that occur when blood glucose levels fall.
Homeostatic pathways that occur when blood glucose levels fall: low blood glucose → cells in the pancreas → glucagon → liver cell → breakdown glycogen; glucose released into the blood
Insulin and glucagon help maintain homeostasis, in which conditions within the body remain stable. When a person's blood sugar is too high, the pancreas secretes more insulin. When blood sugar levels drop, the pancreas releases glucagon to increase it.
When blood glucose levels fall (hyperglycemia), the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas secrete more glucagon. Glucagon is the main hormone responsible for maintaining appropriate blood glucose levels. Glucagon acts on liver cells and activates a catabolic process called glycogenolysis. which is the breakdown of glycogen into glucose. Glucose is released into the bloodstream.
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The pH scale is a mathematical indicator of the Select one: A. concentration of H+ present in a solution. B. ability to dissolve in water. C. total amount of all ions in a solution. D. ability of a solution to buffer. E. concentration of OH- present in a solution. Question 8 Question text Which property of water causes sugar to dissolve in coffee? Select one: A. Water is a good solvent. B. Water is cohesive. C. Water is able to change states. D. Water is less dense than ice. E. Hydrogen bonds are broken between neighboring water molecules.
The pH scale is a mathematical indicator of the total amount of all ions in a solution. A collection of standard solutions with pH values that have been agreed upon internationally can be used to trace the pH scale.
The primary pH standard values are determined by measuring the potential difference between a hydrogen electrode and a standard electrode, such as the silver chloride electrode, using a concentration cell with transference. You can use a glass electrode, a pH meter, or a color-changing indicator to determine the pH of aqueous solutions. Numerous disciplines, including chemistry, agronomy, medicine, water treatment, and many more, depend on pH measurements.
A water molecule is created when two hydrogen atoms form a covalent bond with an oxygen atom. Within a covalent bond, atoms share electrons. Water is distributed in an unequal manner. The oxygen atom attracts electrons more forcefully than hydrogen does. Charges are now distributed differently in the water. Polar molecules have ends that are both partially positively and negatively charged. This polarity explains why water can separate the molecules of polar solutes and dissolve a wide range of substances.
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colchicine is a drug that blocks the assembly of microtubules. if dividing cells are treated with colchicine, at what stage of mitosis would you predict the arrest would occur?
The correct option is D : Prophase is the initial stage of mitosis, which is the process by which the duplicated genetic material carried in the nucleus of a parent cell is separated into two identical daughter cells.
During prophase, the nucleus's combination of DNA and proteins, known as chromatin, condenses.
Colchicine's inhibit the development of spindles during mitotic metaphase. As a result, it hinders chromosomal separation during the anaphase stage. Colchicine is a mitotic inhibitor, which means it suppresses the M phase.
Colchicine, an alkaloid drug derived from the corm of the autumn crocus (Colchicum autumnale), arrests mitosis in metaphase by interfering with the formation of spindle fibrils, thereby slowing centromere division and preventing centriole division.
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Full Question
Colchicine is a drug that is used in plant breeding to create polyploids. It blocks the assembly of microtubules. If dividing cells are treated with colchicine, at what stage of mitosis would you predict the arrest would occur?
A. late anaphase
B. metaphase
C. G1 of interphase
D. prophase
E. telophase
which of the following is true of opportunistic pathogens? choose one: a. they may arise from normal microbiota. b. they only infect unvaccinated people. c. they usually infect people with normal, functioning immune systems. d. they are always untreatable, being antibiotic resistant.
Opportunistic pathogens are common bacteria with the potential to spread disease, they are always untreatable, being antibiotic resistant.
An organism that infects its host with disease is referred to as a pathogen, and the severity of the disease symptoms is referred to as virulence. Pathogens include viruses, bacteria, unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes, as well as other taxonomically diverse organisms. Pathogens, such as bacteria that are targeted by specialist viruses known as phages, impact every living thing. There are a staggering amount of bacteria and viruses on the planet, and they live in almost every environment. A litre of surface seawater normally has 100 billion viruses and more than ten billion bacteria. The estimated number of viruses on Earth is 1031, or nearly ten billion times the number of bacteria.
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33. Organic molecules are those that contain at least carbon and oxygen carbon; oxygen; and hydrogen carbon and nitrogen carbon Question 34 (2 points) A nucleic acid is polymer made up of which kind of monomers? alternating sugar and phosphate groups nucleotides amino acids simple sugars
Organic molecules are those that contain at least one carbon and hydrogen atom. A nucleic acid is polymer that is made up of alternating sugar and phosphate groups.
Organic molecules are those molecules which contain carbon and hydrogen as the very basic building blocks of the molecule.
All though there is no restriction on the type of atom that can be present in an organic molecule. It can have sodium calcium potassium but it should must have at least one carbon and hydrogen in it.
A nucleic acid is a polymer that is made up of monomers.
These monomers are amino acids which are alternating simple sugars attached by phosphate groups.
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Freckles are dominant (F) over no freckles (f). If both parents are heterozygous. Determine the genotype and phenotype ratios. (5 points)
For Genotype, 25% of their offspring would be homozygous Dominant(FF), 50% would be Heterozygous (Ff), and 25% would be recessive (ff)
For Phenotype, 75% of offspring would have Freckles, while 25% would have no freckles.
Data Table 2: Sodium Hypochlorite SDS information ItemsSDS InformationPhysical StateRoute of Exposure & SymptomsProtective EquipmentFirst Aid ProceduresFire-fighting MeasuresChemical ReactivitySafe StorageSafe DisposalEnvironmental/ EcotoxicitySpill Cleanup Procedures
The completed table mentioned below about Sodium Hypochlorite SDS information:
What is Sodium Hypochlorite SDS?Safety Data Sheets, formerly known as Material Safety Data Sheets, are comprehensive information documents prepared by manufacturers or importers of hazardous chemicals. Contains a description of the chemical and physical properties of the product.
Items: SDS
Physical State: liquid
Exposure Pathway and symptoms:
Sodium hypochlorite is toxic if swallowed and can cause burns, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, hypotension, diarrhea, shock, and coma. death can occur. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to the substance may be delayed. Inherently corrosive to body tissue
Protective instruments -
Wear suitable protective clothing to prevent contact with skin and eyes. Wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) to avoid exposure to thermal decomposition products. Material is non-flammable. Extinguishing agent: Use water spray, dry chemicals, carbon dioxide, or suitable foam.
First aid procedure according to accidents -
Eyes: Immediately wash eyes with plenty of water for more than 15 minutes, while lifting the upper and lower eyelids occasionally.Skin: Apply medication immediately.Ingestion: Avoid inducing vomiting.Inhalation: Get medical help as soon as possible.Notes for Physician: Treatment should be symptomatic and supportive.Fire extinguishing measures -
Anhydrous sodium hypoclorite is highly explosive in nature. Extinguishing agent: Use appropriate means to extinguish surrounding fires. Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers to dilute liquids and control vapors.
Chemical reactivity -
On heating, it may release chlorine gas or hydrochloric acid.Vigorous reaction with oxidizable or organic materials may end up resulting in fire. Foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water fog or spray are to be used.Safe storehouse -
Sodium hypochlorite is diluted to maintain a pH above 10 and is not susceptible to UV degradation, and is filtered and contaminant-free. Best stored at temperatures near or below 60°F (15°C) for maximum shelf life. radiation and heat.
Safe disposal -
Place into covered containers for disposal or wash with plenty of water. Hypochlorite as a HAZARDOUS WASTE. Contact the environmental protection department.
Environmental hazard/ecotoxicity -
Sodium hypochlorite is highly toxic to aquatic life. However, the substance is so reactive that when sodium hypochlorite is flushed down domestic drains, it reacts with organic matter and is removed before it reaches the environment. Chlorine does not stay in the atmosphere.
Spill clean up steps -
Clean up spills immediately while observing the precautions in the Personal Protective Equipment section. Clean up spills with absorbent, non-combustible material such as dirt, sand, or vermiculite.
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which of the following is most directly required to initiate the coupling of myosin to actin?
Calcium ions. Ca2+ binds to troponin, which removes tropomyosin from the myosin binding site on actin.
The myofilaments that are involved in the contraction and relaxation of the muscle are actin and myosin. The myosin attachment site is located on the thin filaments of actin, but the site is blocked by the proteins tropomyosin and troponin.
The tropomyosin's shape is altered when calcium ions in the muscle bind to troponin molecules. This alteration reveals the myosin's attachment point, and the myosin subsequently binds troponin to generate Powerstroke and cause a muscle to contract.
Thus, Calcium ions is correct.
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Who i Charle Darwin?
born in England in 1809, Darwin wa a ____________ lover who graduated from Chrit' Collage with a bachelor of art degree in 1831. Hi botany profeor recommend him for a ___________ poition on the __________ which would take him on the voyage of a lifetime. Darwin publihed ___________ which olidified him a the father of ________ biology. He died in 1882
Charles Darwin, who was born in England in 1809 and had a passion for the outdoors, earned his bachelor of arts degree from Christ's College in 1831. His naturalist post aboard the HMS Beagle, which would take him on a lifetime journey, was suggested by his botany professor.
The "Father of Evolution" is another appellation for him. Charles Darwin spent five years travelling to study plants, animals, and fossils. After his travels, he came to the conclusion that species that adapt to their environment live, while those that do not perish. resulting in the development of the idea of natural selection. From 1831 to 1836, Charles Darwin travelled the world on the HMS Beagle as a naturalist. Through his views and experiences, he was able to establish the idea of evolution.
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During which growth phase will gram-positive bacteria be most susceptible to penicillin? a) b) c) Lag phase Log Phase Death phase Stationary phase The culture is equally susceptible during all phases
The answer is c the minimum rate of doubling of the generation time is however it take long for a cell to double or a bacterial of the cell to double.
What is bacteria?Bacteria is a very very tiny living things that can only be seen with microscope.
During which growth phase will grant positive bacteria be most susceptible to penicillin. This is kind of actually a trick question because the culture is equally susceptible to all phases because each individual cell is always susceptible to penicillin.
Okay next question. Which of the following is best if it is the best definition of generation time. The answer is c the minimum rate of doubling generation time is how long it takes for a cell to double or a bacterial cell to double.
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p is the principal (starting amount) True or false
Answer:
what would p be the principal of? is there more to the question?
Explanation:
if the 5′ → 3′ nucleotide sequence on the nontemplate dna strand is cat, what is the corresponding codon on mrna?
If the 5′ → 3′ nucleotide sequence on the nontemplate DNA strand is CAT the corresponding codon on mRNA will be CAU.
What are codon and anticodon definitions?An mRNA codon is a triplet or triple-nucleotide sequence that codes for a certain amino acid during translation. A three-nucleotide sequence called the anticodon is present on tRNA and binds to the appropriate mRNA sequence. The anticodon sequence determines which amino acid is delivered by the tRNA molecule.
How do codons function?Any of the 64 distinct DNA sequences of three consecutive nucleotides that either encode information for the creation of a particular amino acid or act as a stop signal to end translation are referred to as codons in genetics (protein synthesis). Adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and uracil (U) are the four nitrogenous bases that make up codons (U).
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Carbon dioxide can combine with water in the body to produce carbonic acid. This can lead to a condition called acidosis. Explain how the body’s respiratory system will respond to acidosis.
Explanation:
Acidosis is a condition in which the body's pH level becomes too acidic, typically as a result of excessive production of carbonic acid. The body's respiratory system is one of the key systems involved in regulating pH levels. When acidosis occurs, the respiratory system responds by increasing the rate and depth of breathing, which helps to blow off excess carbon dioxide from the body. This helps to reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood and decrease the production of carbonic acid, which can help to restore the body's pH levels to normal. In severe cases of acidosis, the respiratory system may be unable to compensate for the excess acid in the body, which can lead to respiratory failure and other serious complications.
if dna is damaged or incompletely replicated in s phase, the inhibition of which of these molecules prevents the cell from entering m phase?
Inhibition of Cdc25 molecules stops the cell from moving into the m phase if the DNA is damaged or the s phase replication is not complete.
What is DNA?Deoxyribonucleic acid is the name given to DNA. It has an unusual molecular structure and is an organic substance. Every eukaryotic cell and every prokaryotic cell contain it.
Three distinct DNA types are present:
As with B-DNA, A-DNA is a right-handed double helix.
Right-handed helix B-DNA is the most prevalent DNA structure.
Z-DNA: The double helix of Z-DNA winds zigzag-style to the left, making it a left-handed DNA. Andres Wang and Alexander Rich were the ones who found it.
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n a science demonstration, a teacher mixed zinc (Zn) with hydrogen chloride (HCl) in a flask and quickly attached a balloon over the mouth of the flask. Bubbles formed in the solution and the balloon inflated.
What most likely occurred during this demonstration?
The Zn and HCl both retained their identity.
Either Zn or HCl, but not both, retained its identity.
Evaporation of one of the substances occurred.
One or more new substances formed.
The correct answer is Option D: One or more new substances formed
during the demonstration.
What is Hydrogen chloride (HCl)?
Hydrogen chloride (HCl) is a colorless, corrosive, and extremely pungent gas. It is a chemical compound composed of one hydrogen atom and one chlorine atom that form a covalent bond. HCl is a widely used industrial chemical, primarily as a starting material for manufacturing other compounds like hydrochloric acid and vinyl chloride.
When the Zn and HCl were mixed together, a chemical reaction occurred in which a new compound was created (zinc chloride). This new compound caused the solution to bubble and the balloon to inflate as some of the new compound evaporated and released gas molecules into the balloon.
What is Zinc chloride?
Zinc chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula ZnCl2. It is a white, hygroscopic solid that is soluble in water and alcohol, and it is primarily used in various industrial processes, such as electroplating and etching, as well as in the production of paints, adhesives, and rubber.
Therefore, the correct option is Option D.
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in a genetic cross between aabbccddee and aabbccddee what fraction of the offspring will be homozygous for all dominant alleles?
The fraction of the offspring will be homozygous for all dominant alleles is 1/128. A homozygous dominant allele combination contains two dominant alleles and expresses the dominant phenotype (expressed physical trait). A homozygous recessive allele combination contains two recessive alleles and expresses the recessive phenotype.
In this genetic cross, all of the offspring will be homozygous for all dominant alleles because the parents are homozygous for the alleles. To understand this, we need to review the principles of Mendelian genetics.
Mendelian genetics is the study of inheritance patterns of genes, which are units of genetic information that are passed from parent to offspring. Genes can be either dominant or recessive. Dominant genes are expressed when only one copy is present, while recessive genes require two copies to be expressed. In this case, all of the alleles are dominant, so it does not matter whether a single copy or two copies are present.
In this particular cross, the parents are homozygous for the alleles, meaning that they possess two copies of the same allele. This means that all of the offspring will also be homozygous for the alleles because they will inherit two copies of the same allele from each parent. Therefore, the fraction of offspring that will be homozygous for all dominant alleles will be 100%.
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what is an electrochemical gradient and how is it formed during cellular respiration and photosynthesis
An ion that may flow across a membrane typically exhibits an electrochemical gradient, which is a gradient in electrochemical potential.
The gradient is made up of two components: an electrical gradient and a chemical gradient, or a difference in charge across a membrane and solute concentration, respectively. When an ion's concentrations are unevenly distributed over a permeable membrane, the ion will simply diffuse across the membrane from the region of greater concentration to the region of lower concentration. Due to the difference in electrical charge across the plasma membrane, the electrical component is produced. And the change in ion concentration across the membrane is what causes the chemical component.
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Why is Gibbs free energy zero at equilibrium?
If the difference in Gibbs energy for the forward reaction is G, so the change in Gibbs energy is -G for the backward reaction. This is why energy from Gibbs is zero at equilibrium.
Go=RTlnKeq is the equation relating Gibbs's energy to the equilibrium constant. Gibbs energy and change in enthalpy are related by the formula G=H-T-S.
The capacity to compare the relative relevance of entropy and enthalpy as the driving forces behind a reaction is the beauty of the equation G=H-T-S. Both the forward and backward responses are present at the same time. If the forward reaction's difference in Gibbs energy is G, then the backward reaction's change in Gibbs energy is -G. Gibbs energy is 0 at equilibrium because of this. The overall change in entropy is zero at equilibrium. Gibbs free energy is a gauge of a reaction's remaining "potential" to produce a net "something." Therefore, if the free energy is zero, the reaction has reached equilibrium and cannot be furthered.
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3. Electromagnetic radiation travels in waves. Waves have energy. What is the relationship between the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation and the energy of the wave?
Answer: The relationship between the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation and the energy of the wave is inversely proportional. This means that as the wavelength of the radiation increases, the energy of the wave decreases, and vice versa.
Explanation:
Since the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation is inversely proportional to its frequency, this means that waves with shorter wavelengths (and higher frequencies) have more energy than waves with longer wavelengths
module 4.6 connective tissue
Connective Fibrous Tendon tissue linking muscle to bone it is Tension -resistant.
A tendon is a rope-like thread of robust, elastic tissue. Your muscles and bones are joined by tendon tissue. Tendons provide limb movement. By absorbing part of the stress your muscles experience when you run, jump, or do other activities, they also assist in preventing muscular damage. There are many tendons in your body.
What place does the tendon have?
Tendons are dazzling white in color and located between bones and muscles. Their fibro-elastic makeup provides them the strength needed to transfer strong mechanical stresses. Two tendons, one proximally and one distally, are present in every muscle.
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Full question : Module 4.6 Connective Tissue Label Connective Tissues Bone Cartilage Ligaments Blood/Lymph Tendons? 32
An allosteric inhibitor does which of the following? a. binds to an enzyme away from the active site and changes the conformation of the active site, increasing its affinity for substrate binding b. binds to an active site and blocks it from binding substrate c. binds to an enzyme away from the active site and changes the conformation of the active site, decreasing its affinity for the substrate d. binds directly to the active site and mimics the substrate
Correct choice is option C
What is allosteric inhibitor ?
A substance that binds to an allosteric site on an enzyme is known as an allosteric inhibitor. The location of the active site is different from this one. When an enzyme interacts to an inhibitor, it modifies its three-dimensional structure. Allosteric inhibition is a type of noncompetitive inhibition.
Justification for the wrong choices
A. An allosteric inhibitor alters the dynamic site's adaptability, increasing its selectivity for substrate limiting, without binding to a substance outside of the dynamic site.
b. An allosteric inhibitor separates the dynamic or active site from the limiting substrate without attaching to it.
d. A chemical is bound to an allosteric inhibitor, which alters the conformance of the dynamic or active site site and reduces the affinity of the dynamic site for the substrate.
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which of the numbered statements describes what phylogenetic trees help us understand? i. the genetic relationships among species ii. the evolutionary relationships among species iii. the relationships of symmetry among related species iv. the level of complexity among related species
Option ii and iv, Phylogenetic trees assist us in better understanding the evolutionary links of a species and the degree of complexity among related species.
The branching pattern of a phylogenetic tree shows how many species or other groupings evolved from a variety of shared ancestors. Two tree species are more closely related if they share a recent ancestor, and less related if they do not. trees that display phylogeny Relationships that form between two distinct animals as a result of the overall process of evolution are known as evolutionary relationships. They represent the links between two species that originated from the same progenitor.
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Silicon has properties that are very similar to carbon. How would we need to revise definitions of life if silicon based life is found on another planet ?
The discovery of life based on silicon would imply that carbon is not central to life as previously supposed.
What is carbon?We know that carbon is an element that we can find in group fourteen of the periodic table. Carbon is an element that has been said to be very important to life. We know that all the living things that can be found on earth are composed of the element that we call carbon. As such a study of the chemistry of the life on earth is essentially almost the same as the study of carbon.
So much so that the element carbon can now be seen as the only element that could be said to be fundamental to life. This is the position that has stood unchallenged for so many years.
If we can be able to find yet another planet where there is life based on silicon then it means that life is not only completely based on the chemistry of carbon as has been postulated.
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Muscles affected by massage are generally manipulated from the insertion attachment to the:
In general, massage moves the muscles from the belly to the insertion, the insertion to the origin, and the origin to the insertion. The frontalis and the form the muscles that make up the epicranius.
Define muscles and affixing ?
Typically, massage manipulation starts at the insertion attachment and moves to the origin affixing. For muscles to move, motor neurons send signals from the brain to the rest of the body.
connected to bones or another immovable muscle refers to a non-moving fixed component. Muscle fibers are attached to movable attachments during insertion. The facial nerve's temporal branch leaves the parotid gland and travels via the around the arch, and into the temple area.
The temporal branch enters the frontalis muscle's subsurface and lies superficial to the deep muscle.
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If individual II-1 marries a person with the same genotype as individual I-2, what is the chance that their child will be afflicted with hemophilia?
A. 0%
B. 25%
C. 50%
D. 75%
Answer:
Their chance will be A. 0%
how would you expect the rate of speciation of an allopatric case to compare to the rate of speciation of a sympatric case involving formation of allopolyploid offspring?
A) The allopatric case would occur at a much slower rate than the sympatric case involving allopolyploid offspring.
B) More information would be needed to make a prediction.
C) The allopatric case would occur at a much faster rate than the sympatric case involving allopolyploid offspring.
D) Both would occur at the same slow rate.
When groupings of ancestral populations diverge through time into different species as a result of periods of geographic isolation, this process is known as allopatric speciation.
Therefore, allopatric and secondary Site speciation is favoured if a given sympatric species pairing rate is too high to be explained by such combinations.
As a result, sympatric velocities are among the fastest for allotropic-symtopic pairs of species, being 2 to 5 times faster than ectopic velocities. Even within these ratios, variations are predicted because species matings may vary depending on certain evolutionary processes, population.
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based on this analysis, which arthropod group has the greatest diversity? explain why you think this may be true based on the differences between a meadow and a forest.
One of the biggest phyla of invertebrates is arthropod , the subject of our investigation. In this phylum, more than 85% of animal species are found. They can be found in a variety of locations, have a wide range of appearances and lifestyles, and are crucial to the local environment (Lane, 1993)
Describe arthropods.
Arthropods are invertebrate creatures belonging to the phylum Arthropoda. They have several jointed appendages and a chitinous exoskeleton.
Arthropods exhibit a wide range of adaptations and are present in every habitat on Earth.
Arthropods are the most diverse group of living organisms as a result because they have improved environmental adaptation.
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the absorbance spectrum below is that of the major pigment from a certain organism found on earth. based on what you know about absorbance, what color would this organism be?
Absorb blue (400–500 nm) with red color whenever the absorbance level of spectrum is that major with pigment from a organism found on the earth.
The existence or absence of particular absorption characteristics on the surface, as well as their location and form, all affect the spectral reflectance signatures. For photosynthesis, chlorophyll pigments a and b preferentially absorb blue (400–500 nm) and red (600–700 nm) wavelengths. The "green" wavelengths (500–600 nm) experience less absorption, giving off the lush green color of healthy flora. Carotene, a yellow to orange-red pigment, strongly absorbs blue wavelengths (400–500 nm).
The red and blue pigment xanthophyll, which gives deciduous leaves their varied hues, absorbs heavily in the 400–500 nm region. While leaf absorption is minimal, leaf pigments and cellulose are transparent to near-infrared wavelengths (700–1300 nm). Depending on the structural properties of the leaf, the majority of the energy is transmitted and reflected, creating a high near-infrared (NIR) plateau. The red edge, which is used to identify plant stress, is the abrupt rise in reflectance between the red and NIR areas. The soil and leaf water absorption dominates the middle-infrared (MIR) region (1300-2500 nm), especially between 1400 and 1900 nm, with reflectance rising as leaf liquid water content falls.
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Describe the role of bile salts in lipid digestion and absorption.
Two crucial jobs are carried out by bilesalts in the digestive system: emulsify big fat droplets into smaller ones and act as detergents.
This process increases the small intestine's surface area again for action of lipase, enhancing fat absorption.Bilesalts emulsify & solubilize fats, facilitating the absorption of lipids. Lipids are suspended in water by surrounding water-soluble lipid particles, creating tiny particles. The micelles that these tiny particles create with lipids are known as. Bile acids are powerful "digestive surfactants" that function as emulsifiers to aid in the absorption of lipids, including fat-soluble vitamins (1,2). About 50% of the total turnover of cholesterol is accounted for by bile acids, which are the main mechanism for degradation of cholesterol (1).
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If DNA is damaged or incompletely replicated in s phase, the inhibition of which of these molecules prevents the cell from entering M phase?
Answer: Repair DNA damage
Explanation:
