The two major sources of atmospheric carbon are the burning of fossil fuels and respiration by living organisms.
Sources of atmospheric carbonCarbon exists in the atmosphere mostly as carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.
Atmospheric carbon dioxide sources include but are not limited to the burning of fossil fuels, oil, or natural gas, respiration by living organisms, volcanic activities, deforestation, mining, and so on.
The sources of atmospheric carbon monoxide include but are not limited to the burning of fossil fuels in engines, automobile vehicles, and other forms of engines that utilize fossil fuels for operation.
Carbon dioxide happens to be a major contributor to the warming of the planet. In other words, carbon dioxide is a major member of the greenhouse gases whose increased concentration in the atmosphere has been the cause of global warming and climate change that has been plaguing mankind.
Carbon monoxide, on the other hand, is poisonous to living organisms above a certain concentration threshold.
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22. Drosophila melanogaster is a species of fruit fly commonly used to investigate patterns of genetic inheritance. Flies with a curled wing mutation have deformed wings and cannot fly. Wild-type flies have normal wings.
Fruit fly eye colour is also under genetic control. Wild-type flies have red eyes while mutant flies have white eyes.
The image below depicts two flies that carry at least one of the mutant phenotypes described above.
a)
i. Define the term wild type. (1 mark)
ii. A pure breeding fly with normal wings and white eyes is crossed with a pure breeding fly with curled wings and red eyes. All of the F1 offspring produced have curled wings and red eyes. Based on this information, use appropriate allelic notation to identify the dominant and recessive alleles for each trait. (2 marks)
b)
Several crosses between an F1 individual from part a) ii. above and a pure breeding fly with normal wings and white eyes produce the following phenotypic results.
Curled wings red eyes = 410 flies; Normal wings white eyes = 470 flies
Curled wings white eyes = 81 flies; Wild type for both traits = 79 flies
Use this information to determine if these genes are linked or unlinked. Justify your answer. (2 marks)
ai. A wild-type species can be defined as a species whose genotype shows the normal genotype and there has been no mutation in the genetic sequence of the species.
aii. The allelic notation is as follows:
W = curled wings (dominant) w = normal wings (recessive)R = red eyes (dominant)r = white eyes (recessive)b. Based on the obtained phenotypic ratio of 6 : 1 :1 : 6 instead of the expected phenotypic ratio of 1 : 1 :1 : 1, curled wings red eyes as well as Normal wings white eyes are linked genes.
What are genotypes?Genotypes refer to the sum of the genetic makeup of a species. The genotype of a species refers to the sum total of the allele of a gene that an organism has.
The genotype of a species determines the phenotype of that species.
The phenotype refers to the physical expression of the genotype of a species.
Wid-type species are species that have not undergone a mutation.
Considering the given data:
W = curled wings is dominant
w = normal wings is recessive
R = red eyes is dominant
r = white eyes is recessive
b. The F1 generation be WwRr
The cross: WwRr x wwrr:
Expected genotypes (phenotypic ratio): WwRr x4 (curled red); Wwrr x4(curled white); wwRr x4(normal red); wwrr x4 (normal white)
Phenotypic ratio = 1 : 1: 1 : 1
Obtained genotypes (phenotypic ratio): 470 : 81 : 79 : 81 = 6 : 1 : 1 : 6
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What process uses light energy to make ATP?
A. photosynthesis this answer
B. homeostasis
C. pigmentation
D. cellular respiration
Examples of element and non example of element.
Examples of element are carbon and non example of element are water and carbon dioxide
Carbon is an element comprised of atom having the same number of proton and six common example of element are iron, copper, silver, gold, hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen and at present 94 are the natural element whereas 24 are the synthetic element and all atom of an element contain the same number of proton and matter containing different type of atom or no atom at all is not an element and examples are water carbon dioxide plastic and brass etc
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Molecular basis of non infectious diseases
The molecular basis of non-infectious diseases is associated with the organism's response to genetic and environmental diseases that are not spread among suitable hosts.
What are non-infectious diseases?The expression non-infectious diseases is broad and it includes all types of diseases that are not spread among individuals in any type of environmental phenomena. These types of diseases are multifactorial since they are caused by both environmental and genetic factors.
For example, cardiovascular diseases and obesity are non-infectious diseases caused by environmental factors (e.g. consumption of salt in the case of cardiovascular diseases or fat in the case of obesity), and also by certain genetic factors that increase the risk form suffering these diseases.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that non-infectious diseases are associated with both genetic and environmental factors and they are not spread as occurs with infectious diseases caused by viruses and bacteria.
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How many times can a simiulation be repeated
Answer: 200 TIMES CAN SIMULATION BE REPEATED.
Mendel found that yellow pea pod color (G) was dominant to green pea pod color (g), and that round seeds (W) were dominant to wrinkled seeds (w) what percentage or each or
the phenotypes below are expected from the following cross? Ggww x ggww
Yellow and round
Yellow and wrinkled
Green and round
Green and wrinkled
A. 0%
B. 25%
C. 33%
50%
D.
E.
66%
F. 75%
G. 100%
The phenotype of the offspring that will be obtained from the cross of Ggww and ggww will be: Yellow and wrinkled- 50% and green and wrinkled- 50%. The cross is shown in the given image.
The phenotype is the observable trait that are the result of a certain genotype. Phenotypes may be quantitative like height or it may be qualitative like eye or hair color. The phenotype may be entirely due to genes or it may be influenced by environmental factors as well.
A cross can be defined as the breeding between a male and a female parent to obtain their offspring. The motive of performing crosses in genetics is to analyze the genotype and their resulting phenotype. There are various types of crosses like test cross, back cross, reciprocal cross, etc.
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HELP PLEASE
Does protein for fur have more energy than collagen?
If so come up with a hypothesis as to why it takes more energy to form some proteins than others.
Yes, Does protein for fur have more energy than collagen. The hypothesis as to why it takes more energy to form some proteins than others is that doing more work requires more energy from your body, that results in increased calorie burn.
How much energy does whey protein provide?One of the most often utilized proteins is whey protein, which is ideal for daily use. It is easily digestible and includes all nine necessary amino acids. It can lower stress levels and increase energy.
Note that Fur proteins are widespread transcriptional controllers that were once thought to be solely responsible for maintaining iron homeostasis in most prokaryotes. They utilize ferrous iron as a co-regulator by binding to specific sequences (Fur boxes) found in the upstream promoter region of the iron sensitive genes (Fillat 2014).
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where should you avoid collecting soil samples?
You should avoid collecting soil samples from areas where there has been a recent fire, as the soil will be too hot to touch.
What is soil samples?
Taking a small sample of soil and sending it to a lab to be tested for nutrient content is known as soil sampling. The soil's essential to plant nutrition chemical, physical, and biological characteristics can also be examined. The presence of nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is necessary for basic plant nutrition; soil sampling can also measure the soil's pH levels, humus content, availability of lime, complete sulphur content, and total CaCO3 content. Taking soil samples, performing laboratory tests on them, and then interpreting the results are all part of the analysis of the soil. Then, more advice on fertiliser as well as soil preservation can be given.
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tRNA has an _____ at one end that compliments the mRNA codon and an _____ at the other end.
Answer:
tRNA has an anticodon at one end that compliments the mRNA codon and an attachment site to a specific amino acid that corresponds to the anticodon sequence at the other end.
What is the meaning of the name restriction length polymorphism and where does it come from
The term "restriction fragment length polymorphism" (RFLP), which stands for individual changes (or variants) in DNA sequences at locations identified by restriction enzymes.
What causes restriction length polymorphism?Botstein et al. (1980) created restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), which employ restriction enzymes to cleave the DNA molecule at particular locations known as restriction sites, producing various fragments with varied lengths.
What is RFLP, and what are some of its drawbacks?Restriction One technique for studying DNA used by forensic scientists is fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The DNA strand is divided into pieces during this procedure by an enzyme. One restriction is that it struggles with dirt or mold.
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Speed can be determined by dividing the distance by the Displacement Time Velocity Density
The speed of a moving object can be determined by dividing the distance traveled by the time taken. The second option.
What is speed?Speed is the property of a moving body that is obtained by finding the ratio of the distance covered by the body and the time taken to cover the distance.
The speed of a moving object can be expressed mathematically as:
Speed = distance/time.
The SI unit of distance is meter while the SI unit of time is seconds. Thus, the unit of speed is meter per seconds, usually denoted as m/s. However, any other unit that is a derivative of meter per second can be used to qualify the speed of an object.
The speed of an object is a scalar quantity because it measures magnitude only. This is unlike vector quatities that has both magniture and direction.
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A rock discovered near your home is known to be an igneous rock. The rock was formed as magma cooled inside the earth's crust. Is this rock an intrusive or extrusive igneous rock? Explain your answer.
Answer:
Intrusive Igneous rock.
Explanation:
Intrusive igneous is usually formed when magma is trapped deep inside the Earth. Afterwards molten rock rises toward the surface creating this
np :d
How does the tortoise get nitrogen?
The tortoise got nitrogen eating the plants.
What is nitrogen ?
There are numerous gases in our atmosphere. But did you realize which gas makes up the greatest part of the composition.Nitrogen Gas is what it is. In terms of atmospheric composition, it contains 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% argon, and traces of carbon dioxide, krypton, and hydrogen.
Nitrous oxide, neon, helium, methane, xenon, ozone, iodine, carbon monoxide, and ammonia are also present. As the most prevalent element in the Earth's atmosphere, it is also the primary ingredient of all biological stuff.
Herbage provided more dry matter and energy to tortoises than grass. Although herbage provided more N and retained more of it than grass, amino acid compositions and actual N digestibilities were comparable between diets. Herbage had more Ca than grass, particularly in respect to P (Ca:P 14.5 vs. 1.9), although this was mitigated by the herbage's decreased absorption of Ca. K intakes from herbage were higher than from grass, and this was related to the digestive loss of Mg from herbage. The low Na concentration of both forages resulted in net Na losses.
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What are the steps for photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis is defined as the process by which plants use energy from sunlight in the manufacturing of food.
What are the steps of photosynthesis?The photosynthetic process in green plants occur in four distinct steps that includes the following:
Absorption of light: This is the first and important stage of photosynthesis that involves the absorption of light by the chlorophyll which is located at the chloroplast of.most green plants. This leads to the splitting of waters molecules to form oxygen.Electron transfer: As the electrons are transferred through the membrane, protons are pumped out of the membrane, resulting in the proton gradient across the membrane.Generation of Adenosine triphosphate (ATP): The movement of protons from the thylakoid lumen to the stroma leads to the generation of ATP.Carbon fixation: The ATP generated drive the process of reducing carbon into six-carbon sugar molecules.Learn more about photosynthesis here:
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Define umbra pleaseeeeeeeeeeeee
Umbra can simply be defined as full shadow region of a shadow cast represented by an opaque object as it relates to eclipse.
How an eclipse is related to the eclipse of the moon.The eclipse of the moon occurs naturally when the location or position of earth is found between the moon, sun and the Earth's shadow. The eclipse of the moon or lunar eclipse can be completely observed and identified in fully shaded region of a shadow cast as discussed from the solution above.
In conclusion, we can now confirm from the explanation above that umbra also means darkness.
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Lynn Margulis developed the endosymbiont theory to explain the evolution of certain eukaryotic organelles, such as chloroplasts and mitochondria.
According to this theory, which of these events occurred to an ancient prokaryotic cell
One more prokaryotic cell from the past was ingested by the cell and started living there.
The correct answer is C
What are a prokaryotic cell's three main characteristics?An exterior layer called a plasma membrane divides the interior of a cell from its surroundings. the interior of a cell that is jelly-like and contains other cellular parts is called the cytoplasm. The genetic makeup of a cell is DNA.
Are prokaryotic cells DNA-based?A free-floating, typically circular chromosome that is not protected by a nuclear membrane is seen in prokaryotic organisms, including bacteria. The nucleoid, a part of the cell, is where the DNA merely resides. Only a plasma membrane and ribosomes are typically present in prokaryotic cells' narrow spectrum of organelles
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the correct question is :
Lynn Margulis developed the endosymbiont theory to explain the evolution of certain eukaryotic organelles, such as chloroplasts and mitochondria. According to this theory, which of these events occurred to an ancient prokaryotic cell? A. Mutations caused the cell's DNA to direct the synthesis of new organelles. B. The cell nucleus divided and changed to form other types of organelles. C. The cell took in another ancient prokaryotic cell, which began living inside it. D. The cell membrane divided and changed to form new types of organelles.
The human skeletal system can
be divided into the....
A. upper and lower systems
B. central and peripheral systems
C. axial and appendicular systems this
D. voluntary and involuntary systems
Answer:
axial and appendicular systems
Anaerobic respiration is used in conditions that:
Answer:
Application of Anaerobic Respiration
It plays a critical role during biogeochemical cycles like Nitrogen Cycle, Iron Cycle, Sulfur Cycle, and Carbon Cycle. ...
It is used in sewage treatment plants and waste management systems. ...
Power generation through microbial fuel cells is an anaerobic respiration process.
Production of organic acids like lactic acid, propionic acid, acetic acid, butyric acid, etc. for commercial and household uses.
Explanation:
Which of the following
groups can angiosperms be
divided into based on their
seeds?
A. monocots and tricots
B. monocots and dicots this
C. tricots and dicots
Angiosperms can be divided into monocots and dicots based on their seeds
What is angiosperm ?Angiosperms are plants that generate flowers and fruit in which to store their seeds. With over 300,000 species, they are the largest and most varied group within the kingdom Plantae. About 80% of all currently known living green plants are angiosperms.
Based mostly on the number of cotyledons they have, the angiosperm diversity is separated into the two main groupings, monocot and dicots.Stamens, or male sex organs, are found in angiosperms. The anther is located at the stamen's tip. Pollen is produced here. The pistil, or the feminine portion of the flower, is where the pollen must be delivered.Learn more about Angiosperm here:
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Answer: B. monocots and dicots this
Explanation:
What is biocenosis
.
Answer:
an association of different organisms forming a closely integrated community.
Explanation:
A biocenosis thus refers to a group of interdependent organisms living and interacting with each other in the same habitat. It may also pertain to a group of fossil species that are typically found together in the same habitat or site.
Biocenosis, is a community of Biotic beings, with life, of an ecosystem, where the different individuals are organized in populations through trophic relationships and also interact with their environment.
Community: It is a totality or quantity of populations of a geographic space.In humans, which chromosome pair is the largest?
- 22
- 23
- 1
- 10
Answer:
23
because humans have 46 chromosome or 23 pairs
______Cannot control heat loss from the body
Adipose tissue cannot control heat loss from the body
Adipose tissue is present beneath the skin which protect the skin from heat loss and it will act as a cushion to the skin when an external pressure applied and adipose tissue act as insulating material and prevent excessive loss of heat in severe cold and there are four way the body loses heat and they are evaporation , convection, conduction, and radiation in evaporation body heat turns sweat vapor and in convection heat loses by air or water moving across the skin surfaces and conduction means direct contact with an object and radiation means the body radiates like a fire you can feel heat without being inside the fire
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Help!!!
What does it mean for an
angiosperm to be annual?
A. It has a two-year life cycle, one as a
sapling and the next to bloom and
reproduce.
B. It grows, flowers, reproduces and
dies all in one year.
C. It will remain alive underground and
for many years will grow, flower, and
reproduce.
Answer:
I think it's B. It grows, flowers, reproduces and dies all in one year.
Explanation:
B because annual means occurring every one year, so you can cancel out A because it says "two-year life cycle". You can also cancel C because angiosperms can't live underground.
When blood flows
through the body,
oxygen diffuses into the
cells and [?] diffuses out.
A. oxygen
C. nutrients
B. carbon dioxide this
D. water
Answer: B
Explanation:
Carbon dioxide diffuses out of the cells when oxygen diffuses into the cells
Explain how viruses, over time and evolution, have actually made cells stronger and better.
Viruses have actually made cells stronger and better because of "internal arms race" it forces the cell to adapt and change to first the virus.
Viruses in all likelihood play a minor position withinside the switch of mobile genes among lineages. Novel viral genes constantly arose in replicating viral genomes withinside the virocell. Integration of viral genes lets in mobile organisms to discover new evolutionary paths.
They do now no longer comprise any cellular organelle like mitochondria, ribosome etc. Viruses are alive best till they're interior their host cellular.
They are taken into consideration to act useless while out of doors the host cellular. Hence, Viruses are an exception to cellular theory.
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An example of a relationship
where one organism gains but
the other is harmed would
be...
A. a tick on a deer.
B. a bird building a nest in a tree.
C. a fish swimming upstream.
Answer:
a) a tick on a deer.
Explanation:
A tick on a deer is an example of a relationship where one organism gains but the other is harmed.
Here the tick gets energy, but the deer loses its blood. Therefore, the option (a) is the correct answer.
Explain how the geological events (earthquakes and volcanoes) affect the quality of life of the people living in all three states (California, Georgia, and Hawaii)
The geological events taking place in these states makes a huge impact over the lives of the residents. The life of such people is under risk factors always.
What are the preventive measures to such activities ?The residents living away from most hazardous sites, various safety measures that are needed to take place at the time of any happening.
People living in such areas are under risks always, loss in mental peace, loss of properties, loss of financial statures as well.
Thus, it is always wiser to take important steps in order to avoid such mishaps.
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Essay explain the significance of the dens (Odin tour process) which is present on the second cervical vertebrate ( c2 or axis)
The dens present on the C2 vertebrae, is a site for attachment for the transverse, apical and alar ligaments. It is conical in shape.
What is the function of dens odontoid process?
The odontoid process is situated to the front of the spinal cord. It is used as an axis for rotation of the head. The C1 vertebrae which carries the cranium, rotates on this. This provides a lateral rotation of the cervical spine.
Therefore, the dens (odontoid process) is also a site present on the cervical vertebrae(C2) for attachment of transverse, apical and alar ligaments.
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Describe the direction of wind related to atmospheric pressure. The question requires you to state in a simple, matter of fact way, thank you!
PLEASE HELP…*image provided*
