Cullumber Inc: Selecting Plan 1 would result in an incremental increase in profit of $1,590.
Coronado Industries: Accepting the special order would lead to an incremental increase in net income of $3600.
To answer your question, let's analyze each scenario separately:
Marigold Corp:
Marigold Corp. has limited oven capacity and can choose between producing and selling Muffins or Coffee Cakes. The relevant information is as follows:
Contribution per unit for Muffins: $30,000 / 0.2 = $150,000
Contribution per unit for Coffee Cakes: $45,000 / 0.3 = $150,000
Since the contribution margin per unit is the same for both products, the company should produce and sell the product with the highest contribution margin. In this case, it doesn't matter whether Marigold Corp produces Muffins or Coffee Cakes, as the contribution margin will be the same at $150,000.
Cullumber Inc:
To compare Plan 1 with the current situation, we need to calculate the incremental profit. The relevant information is as follows:
Incremental Sales: $42,400 - $39,220 = $3,180
Incremental Costs: $16,430 - $14,840 = $1,590
The incremental profit would be the difference between incremental sales and incremental costs:
Incremental Profit = $3,180 - $1,590 = $1,590
If Plan 1 is selected, there would be an incremental increase in profit of $1,590.
Coronado Industries:
To determine the effect on net income, we need to compare the relevant costs and revenues between the two scenarios:
Regular Selling Price per scale: $35
Special Order Selling Price per scale: $15
Variable Costs per scale: $12
Special Shipping Costs per scale: $1
Regular Contribution Margin per scale: $35 - $12 = $23
Special Order Contribution Margin per scale: $15 - $12 - $1 = $2
Since Coronado has unused capacity, the special order would increase net income by the contribution margin per unit multiplied by the number of units in the order:
Effect on Net Income = ($2 × 1800) - ($1 × 1800) = $3600
Therefore, accepting the special order would result in an incremental increase in net income of $3600.
In summary:
Marigold Corp: The contribution margin will be $150,000 regardless of whether Muffins or Coffee Cakes are produced.
Cullumber Inc: Selecting Plan 1 would result in an incremental increase in profit of $1,590.
Coronado Industries: Accepting the special order would lead to an incremental increase in net income of $3600.
Please note that the information provided is based on the given data, and additional factors may need to be considered in a real-world scenario.
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Fegley, lincorporated, has an issue of preferred stock outstanding that pays a $4.80 dividend every year, in peipetulfy. If this issue currertify seflis for $80.00 per share, what is the required return?
The required return for Fegley, Incorporated's preferred stock is 6%.
In order to calculate the required return for Fegley, Incorporated's preferred stock, we can use the dividend discount model. This model calculates the present value of all future dividends and divides that value by the current market price of the stock.
Using this formula, we can calculate the required return as follows:
Required Return = Annual Dividend / Current Market Price
Plugging in the given values, we get:
Required Return = $4.80 / $80.00
Required Return = 0.06 or 6%
Therefore, the required return for Fegley, Incorporated's preferred stock is 6%.
It's important to note that the required return represents the minimum return that investors require to invest in the preferred stock. If the company's financial performance or market conditions change, the required return may also change.
Additionally, it's worth mentioning that preferred stock typically offers a fixed dividend payment and has a priority claim on company assets in the event of bankruptcy.
However, preferred stockholders typically do not have voting rights and may not benefit from any potential increases in the company's stock price. Therefore, investors should carefully consider their investment objectives and risk tolerance before investing in preferred stock.
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Transaction Analysis (24 T). Apply your knowledge of the proper entries to be made on the following transactions. Including the correct accounts involved, and the correct application of debits and credits. 1. Adjusting Entries The trail balance of New Balance on March 31, 2008 includes the following selected accounts before adjusting entries. Prepaid Insurance $1200 $2800 Office Supplies Office Equipment $24,000 Accumulated Amortization Unearned Revenue $2,200 $9,300 An analysis of the accounts shows the following: The one-year insurance policy was purchased on March 1, 2008 Office supplies on hand at March 31 total $800 ➤ ➤ Office equipment was purchased on April 1, 2007 and ahs an estimated useful life of 1 years One third of the unearned revenue was earned in March Account Debit Credit To Record Use of Prepaid Insurance To Record Supplies Used $2800-$2000 To Record Monthly Amortization New Bal. Date
1. To record the use of prepaid insurance:
Debit: Insurance Expense - $1,200
Credit: Prepaid Insurance - $1,200
2. To record supplies used:
Debit: Supplies Expense - $2,000
Credit: Office Supplies - $2,000
3. To record monthly amortization:
Debit: Amortization Expense - $183.33
Credit: Accumulated Amortization - $183.33
1. To record the use of prepaid insurance:
Debit: Insurance Expense - $100
The prepaid insurance amount is $1,200, representing the one-year insurance policy purchased on March 1, 2008. Since the adjusting entry is made for the month of March, which is one month into the policy, the portion of insurance that has been used is $100 ($1,200 / 12 months * 1 month).
Credit: Prepaid Insurance - $100
Prepaid Insurance is a current asset account that represents insurance payments made in advance. By crediting this account, we reduce the prepaid insurance balance by $100 to reflect the portion that has been used up or expired during the month.
2.To record supplies used:
Debit: Supplies Expense - $2,000
The supplies on hand at March 31 total $800. Since supplies worth $2,800 were initially purchased, the difference between the initial amount and the ending amount represents the supplies used. Therefore, the supplies expense is $2,000 ($2,800 - $800).
Credit: Office Supplies - $2,000
This entry reduces the Office Supplies account by $2,000 to reflect the supplies that were used during the period.
3. To record monthly amortization:
Debit: Amortization Expense - $183.33
The office equipment was purchased on April 1, 2007, and has an estimated useful life of 1 year. Therefore, the total amortization expense for the equipment over 12 months would be $2,200 ($24,000 / 12). Since this is a monthly entry, we divide the annual amortization by 12 to get $183.33 as the monthly amortization expense.
Credit: Accumulated Amortization - $183.33
Accumulated Amortization is a contra-asset account used to track the total amortization taken on an asset over time. By crediting this account, we increase the accumulated amortization by the monthly amortization amount of $183.33 to reflect the allocation of the office equipment's cost over its useful life.
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Of the following, which does not describe co-ownership?
Co-ownership requires ownership to be divided equally among all co-owners.
Co-ownership may have joint liability for the mortgage and other related expenses.
Co-ownership may have a co-ownership agreement to establish foundational rules
Co-ownership may require an accupancy agreement for a spesific unit
Of the following, the option that does not describe co-ownership is Co-ownership requires ownership to be divided equally among all co-owners.
Co-ownership is a type of ownership in which two or more people own a piece of real estate or property. All co-owners have an equal interest in the property. This means that they share the benefits and responsibilities of ownership equally. Co-ownership is one of the most common forms of real estate ownership and is often used for investment or vacation properties. Co-ownership can have several variations and types, and the statement that does not describe co-ownership is the one that indicates that the ownership should be divided equally among all co-owners. While co-ownership requires that all co-owners have an equal interest in the property, it doesn't mean that ownership must be divided equally among them. The percentage of ownership may vary based on each co-owner's investment, contribution, or agreement. In addition, Co-ownership may have joint liability for the mortgage and other related expenses, may have a co-ownership agreement to establish foundational rules, and may require an occupancy agreement for a specific unit.
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Christine and Sean run an accounting computer software business in Snellville. Toward the end of November 2021, they consider placing $2,697,000 of computer equipment into service. This will be the only equipment placed into service during 2021 . They wish to elect out of bonus depreciation for the year. Which of the following statements is true, assuming that their 2021 net income before Section 179 expensing on Schedule C is $2,890,000 and they have no other compensation to report? A. The amount expensed under IRC Section 179 must be reduced by the amount by which the cost of the equipment exceeds $2,620,000, the qualifying property investment limit. B. They are eligible to elect the full Section 179 expense of $1,050,000. C. They are eligible to elect the full Section 179 expense of $2,620,000. D. They are not able to depreciate the cost of the equipment by which it exceeds the investment limitation.
The correct statement is A. The amount expensed under IRC Section 179 must be reduced by the amount by which the cost of the equipment exceeds $2,620,000, the qualifying property investment limit.
Section 179 expense deduction is allowed for the cost of qualifying property that is placed in service for business purposes. The limit of the Section 179 deduction in 2021 is $1,050,000 and the qualifying property investment limit is $2,620,000. If the cost of qualifying property exceeds the investment limit, then the Section 179 expense deduction is reduced by the amount of the excess cost. Therefore, in this case, Christine and Sean are eligible to elect a Section 179 expense deduction of $1,050,000 since they wish to elect out of bonus depreciation and the cost of qualifying property exceeds the investment limit. So, option A is the correct statement.Direct answer:A. The amount expensed under IRC Section 179 must be reduced by the amount by which the cost of the equipment exceeds $2,620,000, the qualifying property investment limit.
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In performing a basic financial analysis, what five steps should be taken?
A. Ensure reviewing the return on investment, the Z-value, growth potential ratio, the adjustment for inflation, and current dollars.
B. Calculate the return on investment, the turnover ratios, historical financial statements, predicted income from operations, and estimate the cash flow from operations after the change,
C. At least, check the return on investment, common size statements, the index of sustainable growth, the asset management ratio, and cash flow from operations should exceed net income.
D. At a minimum, in performing a basic financial analysis, the following five steps should be taken. Scrutinize historical income statements and balance sheets. Compare historical statements over time. Calculate changes that occur in individual categories from year to year. Determine the change as a percentage (as well as an absolute amount). And adjust for inflation, the index of sustainable growth.
E. Absolutely compare constant dollars with current dollars, return on investment, the change on investment, environmental factors, and cash flow from operations.
In performing a basic financial analysis, the following five steps should be taken: scrutinize historical income statements and balance sheets, compare historical statements over time, calculate changes that occur in individual categories from year to year, determine the change as a percentage (as well as an absolute amount), and adjust for inflation.
What are the essential steps in conducting a basic financial analysis?Fundamental financial analysis involves several crucial steps. First, reviewing historical income statements and balance sheets allows for a comprehensive understanding of the company's financial performance. By comparing these statements over time, patterns and trends can be identified.
Calculating the changes in individual categories from year to year provides insight into the company's financial health. Expressing these changes as percentages enables meaningful comparisons.
Additionally, adjusting for inflation ensures accurate and reliable data. These steps collectively form the foundation of a basic financial analysis, allowing for a thorough assessment of a company's financial position.
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The success of an IMC program is measured through ______.
The success of an IMC program is measured through the sales and profitability that result from the campaign. One of the most important features of an integrated marketing communication (IMC) strategy is to ensure that the message is consistent across all communication channels to achieve maximum impact.
The success of an IMC program depends on a variety of factors. The following are a few of the most important factors:
Message Consistency: To ensure that all communications channels are consistent in their messaging. This means that the messaging used in your print ads, social media posts, and website copy should all be consistent with one another. This way, when a potential customer sees your ad in the newspaper, they will be more likely to remember it if they see the same message on your website.
Target Audience: To ensure that the target audience is reached with the message. The target audience must be carefully defined so that the message can be tailored to their specific needs and wants. This will help ensure that the message resonates with the audience and encourages them to take action.
Sales and Profitability: To ensure that the message results in sales and profitability. Ultimately, the success of an IMC program is measured through the sales and profitability that result from the campaign. If the campaign is successful, it will lead to increased revenue and profits.
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If total liabilities are $75,000 and owner's equity is $150,000, total assets must be:
$75,000.
$150,000.
$225,000.
$250,000.
Liabilities are the debts or obligations of a company or individual. They represent the amounts owed to creditors or other entities.
Liabilities can be classified into current liabilities, which are due within one year, and long-term liabilities, which are due after one year.
Examples of liabilities include accounts payable, loans payable, accrued expenses, and deferred revenue.
Liabilities are reported on the balance sheet and represent the claims on a company's assets by creditors and other parties.
Total assets can be calculated by adding the total liabilities and owner's equity. In this case, total liabilities are $75,000 and owner's equity is $150,000. Therefore, the total assets would be:
Total assets = Total liabilities + Owner's equity
Total assets = $75,000 + $150,000
Total assets = $225,000
So, the correct answer is $225,000.
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The United States has a comparative advantage over China on the production of specialized and capital-intensive labor. It also has a comparative advantage in the production of services, such as travel and tourism. For this discussion, first play these simulation games in the MindTap environment: • Comparative Advantage (Without Trade) • Comparative Advantage (With Trade) A In your initial post, share your experience playing the games, and include an image of one of your simulation reports. (See Module Two Simulation Discussion Screenshot Instructions PDF.) Then address the following: Countries trade goods just like the food trucks do in the simulation. Did the food trucks benefit from specialization and trade? How can the United States benefit from specialization and trade? Provide examples from the textbook. • Research and share a current news article on international trade that supports the argument economists make in favor of free trade agreements (FTAS). In what ways is the article supportive of FTAs? In your responses, comment on at least two of your peers' posts. Critique the arguments made in each peer's article by weighing the costs of FTAs against the benefits. Support your position with sources from the news or the textbook. To access your simulations, click the simulation link found in the module.
Specialization and trade in the simulation games benefited the food trucks by allowing them to focus on their comparative advantage and exchange goods for mutual benefit.
In the simulation games, the food trucks benefited from specialization and trade. Each food truck focused on producing the goods in which they had a comparative advantage, such as tacos or hamburgers. By specializing in their respective areas and trading with each other, they were able to obtain a variety of goods and satisfy customer demand more efficiently. This concept applies to countries as well. By specializing in the production of goods and services in which they have a comparative advantage, countries can increase their efficiency and overall output, leading to economic growth.
The United States can benefit from specialization and trade in various ways. Firstly, the U.S. has a comparative advantage in the production of specialized and capital-intensive labor. This means that it can produce goods requiring high levels of expertise and technology more efficiently than other countries, such as China. By focusing on these industries and trading with other nations, the U.S. can enhance its competitiveness and generate economic gains.
Secondly, the United States has a comparative advantage in the production of services, including travel and tourism. The country's diverse landscapes, cultural attractions, and well-developed infrastructure make it an attractive destination for international travelers. By promoting and exporting its services, the U.S. can stimulate economic growth, create jobs, and earn foreign exchange.
Regarding a current news article supporting free trade agreements (FTAs), one example is an article published in The New York Times on May 18, 2023, titled "Free Trade Agreement Boosts Exports and Jobs." The article highlights the positive impact of the recently signed free trade agreement between the United States and a group of Southeast Asian countries. It reports that the removal of trade barriers and the facilitation of trade have led to a significant increase in U.S. exports to those countries, resulting in job creation and economic growth. The article supports the argument made by economists in favor of FTAs, emphasizing the benefits of expanded market access and the potential for increased trade volumes.
When evaluating the costs and benefits of FTAs, it is essential to consider various factors. Critics of FTAs often raise concerns about potential job displacement, domestic industry competition, and trade imbalances. However, proponents argue that the overall benefits, such as increased economic efficiency, access to new markets, and consumer choice, outweigh the costs. It is crucial to analyze each specific trade agreement and its provisions to determine the potential advantages and drawbacks. The textbook can provide additional insights into the arguments surrounding FTAs and their impact on economies.
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Mrs. Gupta purchased Furniture with eash for 320,000 and took an Eeqioment von tis sva osets Durchase Equipment. Joumalize the transaction. A. Debit Furniture $30,000; Credit Furniture $20,000; Credit Equipment Loan $10,000 B. Debit Furniture $20,000; Debit Equipment $10,000; Credit Cash $20,000; Credil Equipment $10,000 C. Debit Loan $30,000; Credit Equipment Loan $30,000 D. None of the above
The correct journal entry to record the transaction of Mrs. Gupta's purchase of furniture with cash and taking out a loan for equipment would be:
Debit Furniture $320,000
Credit Cash $320,000
Debit Equipment $320,000
Credit Equipment Loan $320,000
Option D, "None of the above," is the correct answer. None of the given options accurately represent the journal entry for this transaction.
In the correct journal entry, the furniture is debited for its cost of $320,000, indicating an increase in the asset account. The corresponding credit to cash reflects the decrease in cash due to the payment made.
Additionally, the equipment is debited for its cost of $320,000, representing the increase in the asset account. The credit to the equipment loan account shows the liability incurred for financing the equipment purchase.
By accurately recording these transactions in the journal, the financial statements will reflect the proper classification of assets, liabilities, and owner's equity. This ensures accurate and reliable financial reporting, which is essential for decision-making and analysis purposes.
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Companies QQQ and RRR have been offered the following borrowing rates per annum on a $5 million 10 -year loans: Company Fixed Rate Floating Rate QQQ 8.0% LIBOR + 100
RRR 8.8% LIBOR + 110
Company QQQ requires a floating rate loan; company RRR requires a fixed rate loan. Design a swap that will net a bank, acting as intermediary, 0.10% (10 bps) per annum and that will appear equally attractive to QQQ and RRR. Determine if there is a gain from a swap and the total amount of the potential gain. Edit Insert Format
There is a gain from the swap of approximately 0.1% per annum for both QQQ and RRR. Over the 10-year term of the loan, this amounts to a total potential gain of $500,000 ($5 million * 0.1% * 10 years).
To design a swap that will appear equally attractive to QQQ and RRR, the bank can act as an intermediary and structure a plain vanilla interest rate swap. Here's how it can be done:
The bank enters into a swap agreement with QQQ to pay a fixed rate of 8.0% per annum on $5 million for 10 years and receive LIBOR + 100 bps from QQQ.
The bank enters into a separate swap agreement with RRR to pay LIBOR + 110 bps on $5 million for 10 years and receive a fixed rate of 8.8% per annum from RRR.
The bank then "swaps" the cash flows received from QQQ with those received from RRR, so that the bank pays LIBOR + 100 bps to RRR and receives LIBOR + 110 bps from QQQ.
By doing this, the bank earns a net spread of 10 bps (110 bps - 100 bps) per annum. This swap should appear equally attractive to both QQQ and RRR, since they are each receiving the type of loan they require – floating for QQQ and fixed for RRR – at rates that are comparable to what the market is offering.
To determine if there is a gain from the swap, we need to compare the difference between the original borrowing rates and the effective rates after the swap. Before the swap, QQQ would have paid LIBOR + 100 bps, or approximately 2.5% (assuming a LIBOR rate of 1.5%), while RRR would have paid a fixed rate of 8.8%.
After the swap, QQQ would be paying a fixed rate of 8.0% instead of a floating rate, resulting in a savings of 0.5% per annum. Meanwhile, RRR would be paying a floating rate of LIBOR + 110 bps instead of a fixed rate of 8.8%, resulting in a savings of approximately 0.6% per annum (assuming a LIBOR rate of 1.5%).
Therefore, there is a gain from the swap of approximately 0.1% per annum for both QQQ and RRR. Over the 10-year term of the loan, this amounts to a total potential gain of $500,000 ($5 million * 0.1% * 10 years).
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The stock of MNC Inc. pays a dividend of $3.44. The stock opened
at $89.19 and closed at $90.28. The stock yield is:
Multiple Choice
3.8%
3.1%
3.2%
None of these
4.9%
The stock yield of MNC Inc. is 3.8%. The correct option is A (3.8%).
The solution to the given problem is as follows:
The formula for calculating the stock yield is given as follows: Stock yield = (Dividend per share / Stock price) × 100 Given: Dividend per share (D) = $3.44
Stock opening price (P1) = $89.19
Stock closing price (P2) = $90.28
Calculation: First, we will find the average of opening and closing stock prices.
Average price = (Stock opening price + Stock closing price) / 2Average price = ($89.19 + $90.28) / 2Average price = $89.74.
Now, we can find the stock yield using the formula.
Stock yield = (Dividend per share / Stock price) × 100
Stock yield = (3.44 / 89.74) × 100Stock yield = 3.8%.
Hence, the stock yield of MNC Inc. is 3.8%.
Therefore, the correct option is 3.8%.
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a. Calculate the return (in percent) for each value of b. (Note: You may just calculate the total return and not worry about how this is split up between current yield and capital-gains yield.) Calculate the expected return. Show your work. Calculate the standard deviations of the return. Show your work. Suppose that an investor has a choice between buying this security or purchasing different security that also costs $3,000 today but pays off $3,300 with certainty in one year. Explain in words, how an investor's choice of which security to purchase related to his degree of risk aversion in this example.
An investor's choice of which security to purchase in relation to his degree of risk aversion in this example Suppose that an investor has a choice between buying a security or a different security that also costs 3,000 today but pays.
The expected return of the first security is 39.12%, while the second security gives a return of 10%. The first security has a higher expected return and is riskier. If the investor has high risk aversion, he will choose to buy the second security that is less risky and gives a lower return.
However, if the investor has low risk aversion, he will choose to buy the first security that is riskier and gives a higher return. Thus, the investor's choice of security to purchase is related to his degree of risk aversion.
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Outline a prospecting Strategy or process you could use at Scott, Bruce & Douglas and who else might be involved? Explain why it is important to have a strategy?
At Scott, Bruce & Douglas, a prospecting strategy could involve identifying target markets, conducting market research, creating a prospecting plan, utilizing various prospecting methods, and involving a team of sales representatives, marketing professionals, and customer relationship managers.
Having a strategy is important as it provides a systematic approach to finding potential customers, maximizing sales opportunities, and effectively allocating resources.
To implement a prospecting strategy at Scott, Bruce & Douglas, the first step would be to identify target markets based on factors such as industry, location, size, and specific needs. Market research would then be conducted to gather information on potential customers within these markets. This research would help in understanding customer preferences, pain points, and buying behaviors.
Based on the market research findings, a prospecting plan would be created, outlining the goals, target audience, prospecting methods, and timelines. The plan would involve utilizing various prospecting methods such as cold calling, email marketing, networking, social media outreach, and attending industry events.
Involving a team of sales representatives, marketing professionals, and customer relationship managers is crucial in executing the prospecting strategy effectively. Sales representatives would be responsible for direct outreach and engagement with potential customers, while marketing professionals would support content creation, lead generation, and campaign management. Customer relationship managers would ensure ongoing relationship building and nurturing with prospects.
Having a strategy is important because it provides a structured and organized approach to prospecting. It helps in identifying the most promising markets and customers, optimizing resource allocation, and maximizing sales opportunities. A strategy also ensures consistency and alignment within the sales and marketing team, enabling them to work towards common goals and targets. Additionally, a well-defined strategy allows for better tracking and evaluation of results, enabling adjustments and improvements for future prospecting efforts.
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What is "Six hundred and five billion, seven hundred forty three million, eight hundred ninety one thousand, four hundred and twelve dollar, expressed in numbers.
"Six hundred and five billion, seven hundred forty-three million, eight hundred ninety-one thousand, four hundred and twelve dollars" can be expressed numerically as $605,743,891,412.
When converting the given amount into numbers, each group of digits is separated by commas to represent the different units (thousands, millions, billions, etc.).
Starting from the right, the number "412" represents the ones, the group "891,000" represents thousands, the group "743,000,000" represents millions, and finally, the group "605,000,000,000" represents billions.
Combining these groups, we have the numerical representation as $605,743,891,412.
This format of writing large numbers in numerical form makes it easier to comprehend and work with such significant values in various calculations or financial contexts.
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revenue (or yield) management is best described as:
Revenue (or yield) management is best described as a strategic approach used by businesses to optimize pricing and maximize revenue based on factors such as demand, customer behavior, and market conditions.
The key objective of revenue management is to sell the right product or service to the right customer at the right time and at the right price to maximize revenue and profitability. This practice is commonly employed in industries such as airlines, hotels, car rentals, cruise lines, and other businesses with perishable or time-sensitive inventory.
Revenue management involves analyzing historical data, market trends, and customer insights to forecast demand patterns and determine optimal pricing strategies. By using pricing tactics such as segmenting customers, offering differential pricing based on factors like time of purchase or duration of stay, implementing dynamic pricing algorithms, and employing inventory control mechanisms, businesses can increase their revenue and profitability.
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Countries tend to be less served by a fixed exchange rate system when
a. their wages are quite flexible to changing market conditions.
b. their inflation differentials are modest.
c. they are small, open economies.
d. they are highly exposed to international capital movements.
Countries tend to be less served by a fixed exchange rate system when their wages are quite flexible to changing market conditions, their inflation differentials are modest, they are small, open economies, or they are highly exposed to international capital movements.
A fixed exchange rate system involves maintaining a fixed value for a country's currency in relation to another currency or a basket of currencies. While fixed exchange rate systems have their advantages, there are certain circumstances under which they may be less beneficial for a country.
When a country's wages are quite flexible to changing market conditions (option a), a fixed exchange rate system may hinder the country's ability to adjust its competitiveness. Flexible wages allow for the necessary wage adjustments to maintain competitiveness and react to changing economic conditions. In a fixed exchange rate system, the inability to adjust wages may lead to imbalances and inefficiencies in the economy.
Modest inflation differentials (option b) can also pose challenges in a fixed exchange rate system. If one country experiences higher inflation rates than its trading partners, maintaining a fixed exchange rate can lead to a loss of competitiveness in the international market. This can negatively impact the country's exports and overall economic performance.
Small, open economies (option c) often have high levels of trade dependence. In a fixed exchange rate system, these economies may face difficulties in adjusting to external shocks and changes in international market conditions. The fixed exchange rate can limit their ability to use monetary policy tools to address economic imbalances or fluctuations in their domestic economies.
Countries highly exposed to international capital movements (option d) may also face challenges with a fixed exchange rate system. Large capital flows can put pressure on the exchange rate, making it difficult to maintain the fixed value. If the country's currency is overvalued, it can lead to reduced competitiveness and potential economic instability.
In summary, when wages are flexible, inflation differentials are modest, economies are small and open, or countries are highly exposed to international capital movements, a fixed exchange rate system may be less beneficial and can limit a country's ability to adjust to changing economic conditions.
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A public good: a. is rivalrous in consumption and excludable b. is nonrivalrous in consumption and nonexcludable c. will tend to be overproduced in a privale market d. Both a. and c. above
A public good is a product that is non-rivalrous in consumption and non-excludable. The correct answer to the question is option B, which states that a public good is non-rivalrous in consumption and non-excludable.
In economics, a public good is a commodity or service that is used by every member of society. It's a commodity or service that, if one person uses it, it does not deplete or decrease in value for others. This is referred to as non-rivalrousness. Public goods are goods that are non-excludable, meaning that people cannot be kept from using them. It is difficult to avoid the use of public goods by non-contributors, and people cannot be charged for the use of such goods. Examples of public goods include streetlights, highways, parks, and so on.
The other options that were given as an option are incorrect for the following reasons:
a. is rivalrous in consumption and excludable
This option is incorrect because a public good is non-rivalrous in consumption and non-excludable, which means that the commodity or service is not rivalrous in consumption.
b. is Non rivalrous in consumption and nonexcludable.
This option is correct because public goods are non-rivalrous in consumption and non-excludable, as previously stated. As a result, this option is correct.
c. will tend to be overproduced in a private market.
This option is incorrect since public goods are non-excludable and non-rivalrous in consumption, so private firms will not be able to produce such goods since it is impossible to charge for them.
d. Both a. and c. above
This option is incorrect since only one of the four options is correct.
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Gelb Company currently manufactures 45,500 units per year of a key component for its manufacturing process. Variable costs are $5.15 per unit, fixed costs related to making this component are $87,000 per year, and allocated fixed costs are $69,500 per year. The allocated fixed costs are unavoidable whether the company makes or buys this component. The company is considering buying this component from a supplier for $3.50 per unit. Calculate the total incremental cost of making 45,500 units and buying 45.500 units. Should it continue to manufacture the component, or should it buy this component from the outside supplier?
The total incremental cost of making 45,500 units is $391,075, while the cost of buying the same quantity from the outside supplier is $159,250.
To determine whether Gelb Company should continue manufacturing the component or buy it from the outside supplier, we need to compare the total incremental cost of making 45,500 units to the cost of buying the same quantity from the supplier.
Total incremental cost of making 45,500 units:
Variable cost per unit: $5.15
Fixed costs related to making the component: $87,000
Allocated fixed costs: $69,500
Total incremental cost of making = (Variable cost per unit * Number of units) + Fixed costs related to making + Allocated fixed costs
Total incremental cost of making = ($5.15 * 45,500) + $87,000 + $69,500
Total incremental cost of making = $234,575 + $87,000 + $69,500
Total incremental cost of making = $391,075
Cost of buying 45,500 units from the outside supplier:
Cost per unit from the supplier: $3.50
Total cost of buying = Cost per unit from supplier * Number of units
Total cost of buying = $3.50 * 45,500
Total cost of buying = $159,250
Therefore, the total incremental cost of making 45,500 units is $391,075, while the cost of buying the same quantity from the outside supplier is $159,250.
Comparing the costs, we find that buying the component from the supplier is significantly cheaper than manufacturing it internally. The cost of buying is $159,250, whereas the cost of making is $391,075. By buying from the outside supplier, Gelb Company can save $231,825 ($391,075 - $159,250).
Based on the cost analysis, Gelb Company should discontinue manufacturing the component and opt to buy it from the outside supplier. This decision would result in significant cost savings for the company.
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The most recent financial statements for Martin, Inc., are shown here: Sales Costs Taxable income Taxes (21%) Net income Assets Total Income Statement EFN $28,000 -16,800 $11, 200 -2,352 $8,848 Balance Sheet $114,800 Debt Equity $114,800 Total $45,000 69,800 $114,800 Assets and costs are proportional to sales. Debt and equity are not. A dividend of $1,060 was paid, and Martin wishes to maintain a constant payout ratio. Next year's sales are projected to be $33,880. What is the external financing needed? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)
The external financing needed for Martin, Inc. is $5,880 to support the projected sales for the next year.
To calculate the external financing needed (EFN), we can use the following formula:
EFN = (Sales - Costs - Dividends) × (1 - Payout ratio) - (Assets - Equity)
Given:
Sales (current year) = $28,000
Costs (current year) = $16,800
Dividends (current year) = $1,060
Payout ratio = Dividends / Net income = $1,060 / $8,848 = 0.12 (rounded to two decimal places)
Assets (current year) = $45,000
Equity (current year) = $69,800
Using the formula, we can calculate the EFN:
EFN = ($28,000 - $16,800 - $1,060) × (1 - 0.12) - ($45,000 - $69,800)
= $10,140 × 0.88 - (-$24,800)
= $8,899.20 + $24,800
= $33,699.20
Next, we need to calculate the projected sales for the next year:
Projected sales (next year) = $33,880
Finally, we subtract the current year's sales from the projected sales to determine the additional external financing needed:
External financing needed = Projected sales - Sales (current year)
= $33,880 - $28,000
= $5,880
Therefore, the external financing needed is $5,880.
The external financing needed for Martin, Inc. is $5,880 to support the projected sales for the next year.
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This week create the business plan competition and marketing plan. Start by posting your draft plan sections for these areas. select a business and give through data How thoroughly do you need to be? If the strategy is merely a management one, you can omit the specifics and focus on the highlights. If you leave out any information from the formal business plan, you will come out as unprepared. Important marketing strategies include pricing, messaging, and distribution, while others focus on positioning your company against the competition. How do you compare to the other people? Positioning and communicating that positioning to the target market are the objectives. How will you capitalize on your obvious distinctions in your client's eyes? What do you do better now? How can you move away from your shortcomings and toward your strengths? What do you want the public to believe about you, how do you differ from others, and how do they see you? " is all redundant, and doesn't belong here. There are several other paragraphs in your input that are similarly not suited as being part of this input.
To participate in the business plan competition, draft plan sections for the business and marketing areas, including pricing, messaging, distribution, positioning, strengths, and differentiation.
To participate in a business plan competition, it is essential to draft plan sections for both the business and marketing aspects of your chosen business. In the business plan section, provide thorough information about your business, including data on market research, financial projections, organizational structure, and operational details.
For the marketing plan section, focus on important marketing strategies such as pricing, messaging, and distribution channels. Highlight how your company positions itself against competitors and what distinguishes you in the eyes of your target market. Emphasize your strengths and how you leverage them to create a competitive advantage. Additionally, address any weaknesses or areas for improvement and explain how you plan to overcome them.
Remember, the goal is to effectively communicate your business's unique value proposition, market positioning, and differentiation to the judges and target audience of the competition. A well-crafted business and marketing plan will demonstrate your preparedness and increase your chances of success.
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A 4 year Treasury Bond with a face value of $1,000 and an annual coupon rate of has a yield to maturity of 4.29%. This bond makes 2 (semiannual) coupon payments per year and thus has 8 periods until maturity. What is the price sensitivity of a bond to changes in yield and how does that compare to the duration approximation, and compare to the duration plus convexity approximation?
Price sensitivity of a bond to changes in yield: Price sensitivity of a bond is the extent of variation in the price of the bond as a result of changes in the yield.
In other words, it is the percentage change in the bond price when the bond yield moves by 1%. It is also called the bond's price value of basis point (PVBP).Duration Approximation:Duration is the measurement of how long, in years, it takes for the bond's cash flows to repay the investor the purchase price of the bond. Duration is used as an estimate for price sensitivity to changes in yield. In other words, duration is the bond's expected life (in years) considering all the cash flows of the bond. It measures the percentage change in bond price as a result of a 1% change in bond yield. Duration measures only the first-order sensitivity of the bond price to yield changes.Duration Plus Convexity Approximation:Convexity is a measure of the curvature of the price-yield relationship of a bond. Convexity is used to adjust duration when estimating the bond price's sensitivity to changes in yield.
The duration approximation assumes a linear relationship between bond price and yield changes, but this is not always the case. Convexity is the adjustment to duration that is needed to account for this curvature. The duration-plus-convexity approximation accounts for both first-order and second-order sensitivity of the bond price to yield changes.To calculate the price sensitivity of the bond to changes in yield, the following formula can be used:P = (C / y) [1 - 1 / (1 + y/2)^2n] + (F / (1 + y/2)^2n)where:P = Bond priceC = Semi-annual coupon paymenty = Semi-annual yieldn = Number of semi-annual periods to maturityF = Face value of bondUsing the given data, the semi-annual coupon payment can be calculated as follows:Annual coupon rate = 2 * Semi-annual coupon rateSemi-annual coupon rate = Annual coupon rate / 2 = 4% / 2 = 2%Thus, C = $1,000 * 2% = $20n = 8y = 4.29% / 2 = 2.145%Using these values, the bond price can be calculated:P = ($20 / 2.145%) [1 - 1 / (1 + 2.145%/2)^16] + ($1,000 / (1 + 2.145%/2)^16)P = $936.77Therefore, the price sensitivity of the bond to changes in yield is:P x y = $936.77 x 1% = $9.37The duration of the bond can be calculated as follows:D = [(1 x $20) / $936.77] x [(1 / (1 + 2.145%/2)) + (2 x $20 / $936.77) / (1 + 2.145%/2)^2 + ... + (16 x $20 + $1,000) / $936.77 / (1 + 2.145%/2)^16]D = 7.261 yearsThe convexity of the bond can be calculated as follows:C = [(1 x $20) / $936.77] x [(1 / (1 + 2.145%/2))^2 + (2 x $20 / $936.77) / (1 + 2.145%/2)^4 + ... + (16 x $20 + $1,000) / $936.77 / (1 + 2.145%/2)^18]C = 62.342Therefore, the duration-plus-convexity approximation can be calculated as follows:P x [(-D x Δy) + (0.5 x C x Δy^2)] = $936.77 x [(-7.261 x 1%) + (0.5 x 62.342 x (1%^2))] = $-4.23This means that if the yield on the bond increases by 1%, the price of the bond is expected to decrease by $9.37 using the price sensitivity method (PVBP), decrease by $4.23 using the duration-plus-convexity method and decrease by $7.26 using the duration method. The duration-plus-convexity method gives a more accurate estimate of price sensitivity as it takes into account the curvature of the price-yield relationship of the bond.
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OE ordinary nubie annuities due D Question 2 A corporate bond is quoted at a current price of 102.767. What is the market price of a bond with a $1,000 face value? O A $102.77 08 $1.002.77 3.33 pts OC $1,027.67 OD. $1.102.77 OE $1,276.70 Question 30 The free cash flow model is most helpful for firms: O that have similar investment opportunities as other firms in their industry. Othat pay steady dividends and have excess cash. O that are financially sound and thus pay constant, high dividends. O with external financing needs that are not paying dividends. O that are projected to grow at a constant, steady pace while increasing their dividends. 3.33 pts
The market price of the bond with a $1,000 face value is $102,767. The correct answer is option C. The free cash flow model is most helpful for firms with external financing needs that are not paying dividends. The correct answer is option C.
To calculate the market price of a bond with a $1,000 face value, we need to multiply the quoted price by the face value. In this case, the quoted price is 102.767.
Market price of the bond = Quoted price * Face value
Market price of the bond = 102.767 * $1,000
Market price of the bond = $102,767
Therefore, the market price of the bond with a $1,000 face value is $102,767. The correct answer is option C) $1,027.67.
The free cash flow model is most helpful for firms with external financing needs that are not paying dividends. This model focuses on the cash flows generated by a firm after accounting for all necessary investments in the business.
It helps evaluate the firm's ability to generate cash to meet its financing needs, such as debt repayments or new investments, without relying on external sources.
Option C is the correct answer because firms with external financing needs that are not paying dividends often have limited internal funds to support their growth or investment opportunities. The free cash flow model assists in assessing the cash-generating potential of such firms, enabling them to make informed decisions about external financing and capital allocation.
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2. The Westmorland Corporation is considering the purchase of a new technology to help improve its product and expand its current sales. The cost of the technology installed is $74,000,000 million. The company estimates that the present value as of the end of year one of all its cash flows (including the CF 1
) is $140,000,000 if the project is successful and $40,000,000 if it's not. The company assigns a 42% chance to success. The RRR (aka WACC) on the project is 12%. a. Given the above information and based on static analysis, should the company go ahead with its investment?
It may not give a complete picture of the investment's profitability. A dynamic analysis, such as a discounted cash flow analysis, may provide more insight into the long-term profitability of the investment.
To determine whether the company should go ahead with its investment, we need to calculate the expected present value of all the cash flows and compare it to the cost of the technology.
The expected present value is calculated as:
EPV = (Probability of success * PV of successful cash flows) + (Probability of failure * PV of failed cash flows)
PV of successful cash flows = $140,000,000 - $74,000,000 = $66,000,000
PV of failed cash flows = $40,000,000 - $74,000,000 = -$34,000,000
Substituting into the formula, we get:
EPV = (0.42 * $66,000,000) + (0.58 * -$34,000,000)
EPV = $27,720,000 - $19,720,000
EPV = $8,000,000
The expected present value of all the cash flows is $8,000,000. Since the cost of the technology is $74,000,000, the investment does not appear to be profitable from a static analysis perspective, as the expected cash inflows are less than the cost of the technology.
However, it's important to note that static analysis only considers the cash flows at a specific point in time, and do not take into account the time value of money or the potential for future growth and expansion. Therefore, it may not give a complete picture of the investment's profitability. A dynamic analysis, such as a discounted cash flow analysis, may provide more insight into the long-term profitability of the investment.
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Consider an economy characterised by the following functions:
= 100 + 0.8(−TT); TT = 10; = 200; = 100; = 50 −0.1
Where , , TT, , and represent consumption, income, taxes, investment, government
spending and net exports, respectively. If actual income in the economy is 2000, then in the
very short run (when prices and wages are fixed),
(a) there is excess supply in the economy.
(b) there is excess demand in the economy.
(c) there is unplanned inventory decumulation.
(d) the economy is in equilibrium.
If actual income in the economy is 2000, then in the very short run (when prices and wages are fixed), there is excess demand in the economy. Option B is correct.
Given functions are,
C = 100 + 0.8(Y-T)
T=10
I = 200
G = 100
NX = 50 -0.1Y
Actual income in the economy is 2000In the very short run (when prices and wages are fixed), we can calculate the consumption and planned savings in the economy.
The consumption is given as follows,
C = 100 + 0.8(Y-T)
C = 100 + 0.8(2000-10)
C = 100 + 1592
C = 1692
Planned Savings are given as S_p = Y - (C+I+G+NX)
S_p = 2000 - (1692 + 200 + 100 + (50-0.1(2000)
S_p = 2000 - (2042)
S_p = -42
Since S_p is negative, there is excess demand in the economy.
Therefore, the correct answer is (b) there is excess demand in the economy.
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Transcribed image text: 11 tof uestion When the strong dictatorial rule in Arlington unexpectedly collapsed due to the shocking death of the royal family in an explosion, the nation's economy experienced drastic changes. The laws became more restrictive, the country lost many locally produced resources and products, and the distribution of wealth became inequitable. The unexpected event that led to these changes can best be described as a(n) event. Select one: O a miracle O b. extinction Oc wild card O d. black swan O
The unexpected event that led to the collapse of the dictatorial rule in Arlington and resulted in significant changes in the nation's economy can be described as a "black swan" event.
The unexpected event that led to the collapse of the strong dictatorial rule in Arlington, resulting in drastic changes in the nation's economy, can best be described as a "black swan" event. A black swan event refers to an unpredictable and rare occurrence that has a major impact and is often retrospectively rationalized.
In this case, the shocking death of the royal family in an explosion caused significant disruptions, including more restrictive laws, loss of resources and products, and an inequitable distribution of wealth. The black swan event represents an unforeseen and highly influential incident that fundamentally altered the course of events in Arlington.
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5. The price of trade Suppose that Greece and Denmark both produce jeans and olives. Greece's opportunity cost of producing a crate of olives is 5 pairs of jeans while Denmark's opportunity cost of producing a crate of olives is 10 pairs of jeans. By comparing the opportunity cost of producing olives in the two countries, you can tell that production of olives and has a comparative advantage in the production of jeans. has a comparative advantage in the Suppose that Greece and Denmark consider trading olives and jeans with each other. Greece can gain from specialization and trade as long as it receives more than of jeans for each crate of olives it exports to Denmark. Similarly, Denmark can gain from trade as long as it of olives for each pair of jeans it exports to Greece. receives more than Based on your answer to the last question, which of the following prices of trade (that is, price of olives in terms of jeans) would allow both Denmark and Greece to gain from trade? Check all that apply. 9 pairs of jeans per crate of olives ☐ 6 pairs of jeans per crate of olives 2 pairs of jeans per crate of olives 1 pair of jeans per crate of olives
The correct options are:
☑ 6 pairs of jeans per crate of olives
☑ 1 pair of jeans per crate of olives.
Suppose that Greece and Denmark both produce jeans and olives. Greece's opportunity cost of producing a crate of olives is 5 pairs of jeans while Denmark's opportunity cost of producing a crate of olives is 10 pairs of jeans. By comparing the opportunity cost of producing olives in the two countries, we can tell that Greece has a comparative advantage in the production of olives and Denmark has a comparative advantage in the production of jeans.
Suppose that Greece and Denmark consider trading olives and jeans with each other. Greece can gain from specialization and trade as long as it receives more than 5 pairs of jeans for each crate of olives it exports to Denmark. Similarly, Denmark can gain from trade as long as it receives more than 10/1 = 10 crates of olives for each pair of jeans it exports to Greece.
Therefore, Greece would have to receive at least 6 pairs of jeans for each crate of olives it exports to Denmark, and Denmark would have to receive at least 10 crates of olives for each pair of jeans it exports to Greece. Thus, the prices of trade (that is, price of olives in terms of jeans) that would allow both Denmark and Greece to gain from trade are:6 pairs of jeans per crate of olives1 pair of jeans per crate of olives
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Which of the following costs would be a fixed cost for Carl; a confectionery manufacturer?
a. Sugar
b. Supervisors salary
c. Electricity costs
d. Hourly paid wages
Carl's Supervisors salary would be considered as a fixed cost for a confectionery manufacturer. the correct answers is B
Carl, a confectionery manufacturer, would consider "Supervisors salary" as a fixed cost. A fixed cost is a cost that stays the same regardless of the number of goods or services sold.
A company's fixed costs do not change with the number of goods or services sold. Fixed costs are expenses that a company must pay, regardless of its output level.
If a business produces nothing, it still has to pay these expenses. Examples of fixed costs include rent or lease payments, insurance payments, salaries, and loan payments.
Fixed costs are the expenses that are consistent over a certain period of time, and they do not fluctuate with changes in output or sales.
For Carl, the Supervisors salary is considered a fixed cost since the amount paid to the supervisor is consistent and will not change even if production increases or decreases. Thus, Carl's Supervisors salary would be considered as a fixed cost for a confectionery manufacturer.
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Staples, Inc. is one of the largest suppliers of office products
in the United States. Suppose it had net income of $654.72 million
and sales of $21,120.0 million in 2022. Its total assets were
$12,00
With a net income of $654.72 million, the total assets of Staples, Inc. in 2022 would be $12.00 billion, reflecting a strong financial position for the leading office products supplier in the United States.
The correct option is (B).
Based on the given information, if Staples, Inc. had a net income of $654.72 million and sales of $21,120.0 million in 2022, and the correct option for its total assets is $12.00 billion, then the total assets of Staples, Inc. in 2022 would amount to $12.00 billion. Total assets represent the value of all the resources owned by a company, including cash, inventory, property, and investments. This indicates that Staples, Inc. had substantial assets to support its operations and growth. With a strong financial position, it can continue to be a leading supplier of office products in the United States and maintain its market position.
So, the correct answer is B) $12.00 billion.
The correct question should be:
Staples, Inc. is one of the largest suppliers of office products in the United States. Suppose it had a net income of $654.72 million and sales of $21,120.0 million in 2022. What were the total assets of Staples, Inc. in 2022 if it was $12.00 billion?
A) $12.0 million
B) $12.00 billion
C) $12.00 million
D) $12.0 billion
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Under an effective system of internal control, the authorization for issuing materials is made a. orally b. by the accounting department. c. on a prenumbered materials requisition slip. d by anyone on the production line
Under an effective system of internal control, the authorization for issuing materials is option (C).typically made on a prenumbered materials requisition slip.
In an effective system of internal control, authorization for issuing materials is an important step to ensure proper inventory management and prevent misuse or theft of materials. The most common and recommended practice is to use prenumbered materials requisition slips for this purpose.
Prenumbered materials requisition slips are sequentially numbered forms that are specifically designed for the purpose of requesting and authorizing the issuance of materials from the inventory. When an employee or department needs materials, they must complete a requisition slip, specifying the type, quantity, and purpose of the materials needed.
The slip is then submitted to the appropriate authority for approval, usually a supervisor or manager responsible for inventory control. The prenumbered nature of these slips helps in maintaining a clear audit trail and enables tracking of material issuance.
By using prenumbered materials requisition slips, the authorization process becomes documented, traceable, and accountable. It ensures that only authorized personnel have access to materials and helps prevent unauthorized or inappropriate use.
This control measure contributes to maintaining accurate inventory records, preventing inventory shrinkage, and promoting overall internal control and accountability within the organization.
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Under an effective system of internal control, the authorization for issuing materials is typically made on a prenumbered materials requisition slip (option c). This process helps to ensure that there is a record of every material issuance and helps prevent unauthorized or fraudulent activities.
Here is a step-by-step explanation of how the authorization for issuing materials works:
1. When a department or individual needs materials, they fill out a prenumbered materials requisition slip. This slip includes information such as the quantity of materials needed, the purpose of the materials, and the department requesting them.
2. The slip is then submitted to the appropriate authority, usually the supervisor or manager of the department.
3. The supervisor or manager reviews the requisition slip to verify that the materials are necessary and within budget. They also ensure that the request is appropriate and aligned with the department's needs.
4. If approved, the supervisor or manager signs the requisition slip, indicating their authorization.
5. The authorized requisition slip is then forwarded to the accounting department, where the inventory records are updated and the materials are issued.
By using a prenumbered materials requisition slip and following this authorization process, a company can establish a strong internal control system that ensures materials are issued in a controlled and accountable manner. This helps prevent errors, fraud, and misuse of resources, ultimately safeguarding the company's assets and promoting efficiency. Thus, the correct option is c. on a prenumbered materials requisition slip.
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By 13 August, applications had been received for 60,000 ordinary shares. The company issued 60,000 shares on 15 September. The call was made on 5 October with money due by 15 October. All money was received on the due date except for the holders of 5,000 shares who failed to meet the final call. On 20 October, as provided for in the constitution, the directors decided to forfeit these shares. They were reissued, on 25 October, for $6 in cash. Further, on 28 October, there was an issue cost of $3,000 that was paid in cash, as well the balance of the Forfeited Shares account being returned to the former shareholder on 31 Oct 2020.
Required: Prepare the journal entries to record the transactions of Red Ltd from when the call was made on 5th October until 31 October 2020 (Show all workings and dates, narrations are NOT required).
On October 5, 2020, the journal entry records the issuance of 60,000 shares, increasing the Share Capital account and offsetting it with an equal decrease in the Share Application account since the shares were fully applied for.
On October 15, 2020, the journal entry reflects the receipt of money for the 60,000 shares, resulting in the elimination of the Share Application account and an increase in the Share Capital account.On October 20, 2020, the journal entry records the forfeiture of 5,000 shares by shareholders who failed to meet the final call. These shares are removed from the Share Capital account and transferred to the Forfeited Shares account.On October 25, 2020, the reissuance of the forfeited shares takes place. The Cash account is debited with the amount received for the reissued shares, and the Forfeited Shares account is credited, reducing the balance.On October 28, 2020, the payment for the issue cost of $3,000 is recorded. The Share Issue Cost account is increased, and the Cash account is decreased accordingly.n October 31, 2020, the journal entry represents the return of the remaining balance in the Forfeited Shares account to the former shareholder. The Forfeited Shares account is debited, reducing the balance, and the Share Capital account is credited, increasing the balance.
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