Members are able to view meat from the eyes of a USDA inspector during Meats Evaluation and Technology contest.
Career Development Events are known as CDEs. Members can develop the abilities they'll need to succeed in their careers by participating in these competitions.
Meat science is studied by participants in the Meats Evaluation and Technology program. Students analyze beef carcasses for quality and yield grade during this team activity. They also classify various meat cuts and arrange carcasses, as well as identify wholesale and/or retail cuts.
Students who are interested in learning more about or pursuing careers in the animal meat sector should definitely check out this event. Pupils are challenged to strengthen their critical-thinking skills, analytical abilities, and effective communication techniques.
To know more about USDA inspector
brainly.com/question/14779001
#SPJ4
What are the 4 categories of eukaryotic microorganisms?
The four categories of eukaryotic microorganisms are Protozoa, Fungi,
Algae, Parasitic worms.
Protozoa: These are single-celled organisms that are typically motile, and they can be found in a variety of environments including soil, water, and in the bodies of other organisms. Some protozoa are free-living, while others are parasitic and cause diseases such as malaria and sleeping sickness.
Fungi: These are organisms that include yeasts, molds, and mushrooms. They are heterotrophic, meaning that they obtain their nutrients from other organisms. Fungi can be found in a variety of environments, including soil, water, and on living organisms.
Algae: These are photosynthetic microorganisms that are found in aquatic environments such as oceans, lakes, and ponds. They can be single-celled or multicellular and come in a variety of shapes and sizes.
Parasitic worms: These are multicellular organisms that include various types of worms that are parasitic in nature. They can be found in a variety of hosts including humans, livestock, and pets. Examples include tapeworms and roundworms.
Learn more about eukaryotic here:
https://brainly.com/question/11351358
#SPJ4
What specific neurotransmitter is released during neuromuscular junction?
Acetylcholine is a specific neurotransmitter is released during neuromuscular junction.
NeurotransmitterAlthough motoneurons and presynaptic terminals of rodent endplates from the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus muscles are positive for glutamate labelling, acetylcholine (ACh) is still the main neurotransmitter at the vertebrate neuromuscular junction (NMJ).Acetylcholine serves as the primary neurotransmitter in the parasympathetic nervous system, a component of the autonomic nervous system (a branch of the peripheral nervous system) that slows the heart rate, relaxes smooth muscles, widens blood vessels, and produces more body secretions.It contributes to neuroplasticity, memory, arousal, and learning. Additionally, it helps people maintain focus and helps the brain's reward system work by activating sensory functions when they first awake.For more information on acetylcholine kindly visit to
https://brainly.com/question/29855206
#SPJ4
What are the 4 main functions of the lymphatic vessels?
They include defending your body from pathogens, preserving body fluid balance, absorbing lipids from the digestive tract, and eliminating cellular waste.
What is the role of lymphatic vessels?Lymph system continue to gather and filter lymph as it flows toward large ships called as collecting ducts (at the nodes). These vessels act very much like your veins do, working under very low pressure and with a variety of valves to keep the flow of fluid in one direction.
What are the four lymphatic vessels?Both right lymph duct as well as the thoracic duct are the two lymph arteries in the body. Jugular lymph trunks, clavicle lymph trunks, fuller lymph trunks, & lumbar lymph trunks are the four pair of lymph trunks.
To know more about lymphatic vessels visit:
brainly.com/question/19558583
#SPJ4
what term is used to describe the direction of movement from the occipital lobe to the cerebellum?
The cerebellum is needed to maintain balance through postural modifications. In order to account the changes in body position or differences in the strain on muscles, the instructions to motor neurons.
What other names are given to the occipital lobe?Brodmann area 17, also known as visual area V1, is another name for this region. The primary visual system communicates information about location, spatial information, motion, or the colours of objects within the field od vision after receiving sensory data from the retina of the eye of the eyes.
What functions does the occipital lobe perform?At the back of the skull, the occipital lobes control visual perception, includes colour, form, and motion. These are some examples of occipital lobe damage: Locating objects in the surroundings is difficult. colour identification challenges (Colour Agnosia).
To know more about neurons visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29462317
#SPJ1
a pea plant can have smooth (r) or round (r) seeds, and yellow (y) or green (y) seeds. what is the probability of forming a gamete that contains ry alleles?
The probability of forming a gamete that ry alleles is 1/4.
As per the question, a pea plant can have smooth (R) or round (r), and yellow (Y) and green (y) seeds. The gametes it will form are- RY, Ry, rY, and ry. Thus, the probability of forming a gamete that contains ry alleles is 1/4.
The type of cross depicted here is dihybrid cross. A dihybrid cross comprises of inheritance of two traits simultaneously. The two characters being inherited here are the seed shape and the seed color. Mendel was the one who worked on pea plants to provide various laws describing the inheritance of characters among organisms.
The seed color yellow is dominant over green, while seed being round is dominant over wrinkled. According to Mendelian inheritance, the gametes segregate independently without the influence of each other.
To know more about dihybrid cross, refer:
https://brainly.com/question/12538971
#SPJ4
2/2/2018Suppose the stereocilia of one hair cellbecome permanently bent. What willmost likely happen as a consequence?Why only a single pitchand not many pitches?A.A single pitch will be constantly perceivedB.A single pitch will no longer be perceivableC.A or B depending on the hair cell’s locationD.A or B depending on the bending’s direction
If the stereocilia of one hair cell become permanently bent, the most likely consequence is that a single pitch will no longer be perceivable.
This is because each hair cell in the inner ear is responsible for detecting a specific frequency or pitch of sound. If the stereocilia on a hair cell are damaged or bent, the hair cell may no longer be able to respond to the particular frequency it was responsible for, which can result in a loss of sensitivity to that frequency.
The reason why only a single pitch is affected is because hair cells are arranged in a tonotopic map, meaning that they are organized based on their preferred frequency. This means that hair cells that respond to higher frequencies are located at one end of the cochlea, while hair cells that respond to lower frequencies are located at the other end. Therefore, if the stereocilia on a hair cell at a particular location are damaged, it will only affect the perception of the frequency corresponding to that particular location in the cochlea.
Overall, the loss of sensitivity to a single pitch is a common consequence of hair cell damage or loss, which can occur due to a variety of factors such as aging, noise exposure, or certain medical conditions.
Learn more about Inner ear here:
https://brainly.com/question/3535321
#SPJ4
what is the scientific name for the northern lights?
The northern lights, also known as aurora borealis, are a magnificent, multicolored light show that can frequently be seen in the northern hemisphere's night sky.
The aurora australis, or southern lights, are the name for auroras that occur in the southern hemisphere. Due to their proximity to Earth's magnetic poles, the northern and southern lights are both polar lamps, or aurora polaris. A truly breathtaking natural occurrence, polar lights (aurora polaris) can be seen in the both northern and southern hemispheres. The scientific name for the northern lights is aurora borealis, and the name for the southern lights is aurora australis. Thankfully, they happen frequently. Landlord of the northern lights tour operator Lights Over Finland and photographer Chad Blakely said, "The lights are happening twenty-four hours a day, seven days per week, 365 days a year."
Learn more about “ aurora borealis ” visit here;
https://brainly.com/question/12757223
#SPJ4
What can be inferred from observed similarities in the forelimbs of humans, dogs and bats?A. These organisms share a common ancestor.
B. The animals share a similar ancestor.
C. The similarities in their body structures
D. Pig and human
Answer: answer is A
Explanation:
Page(s) 175–1775.3. How Do We Hear?Place in order the steps involved for sound waves to create a perception of the sound in thebrain.Sound waves enter the auditory canal.The eardrum vibrates.The hammer, anvil, and stirrup transfer vibration to the oval window.Pressure waves of the cochlea move the basilar membrane.Stimulated hair cells send information to the auditory nerve.The auditory nerve carries information to the thalamus.The thalamus directs information to the brain’s primary auditory cortex
This sequence of events represents the process by which sound waves are converted into electrical signals that are sent to the brain for processing and interpretation.
The correct order of the steps involved in how we hear is:
Sound waves enter the auditory canal.The eardrum vibrates.The hammer, anvil, and stirrup transfer vibration to the oval window.Pressure waves of the cochlea move the basilar membrane.Stimulated hair cells send information to the auditory nerve.The auditory nerve carries information to the thalamus.The thalamus directs information to the brain's primary auditory cortex.The process begins when sound waves enter the ear and travel through the auditory canal. The eardrum vibrates in response to the sound waves, and this vibration is transmitted through a series of tiny bones in the middle ear called the hammer, anvil, and stirrup. These bones transfer the vibration to the oval window, which is a membrane that separates the middle ear from the inner ear. The pressure waves created by the movement of the oval window cause the basilar membrane in the cochlea to move. The basilar membrane is lined with tiny hair cells that are stimulated by the movement, and these hair cells send electrical signals to the auditory nerve. The auditory nerve carries these signals to the thalamus, which acts as a relay station for sensory information. Finally, the thalamus directs the information to the brain's primary auditory cortex, where the sound is perceived and interpreted.
To learn more about sound waves refer to this link
https://brainly.com/question/21995826
#SPJ4
according to the histological pictures of an artery and vein in the blood vessels chapter of the lab manual, which is characteristic of the vein?
The statement that is true about veins is: Veins have valves; arteries do not. Veins are blood vessels that carry blood towards the heart, while arteries carry blood away from the heart.
Compared to arteries, veins have a larger diameter lumen and thinner walls, which make them less elastic and more distensible. Additionally, veins have a lower pressure than arteries, which means they require some mechanism to prevent the backflow of blood. This is where valves come into play - veins have one-way valves that prevent blood from flowing backward, helping to maintain proper blood flow and circulation. In contrast, arteries do not have valves because the blood is under higher pressure and flows continuously in one direction. Overall, veins play an important role in the circulatory system by returning blood back to the heart and are equipped with valves to ensure proper blood flow.
Learn more about valves here:
https://brainly.com/question/12609322
#SPJ4
The complete Question is:
Which of the following is true about veins?
Veins have a smaller diameter lumen than arteries.
Veins are more muscular than arteries.
Veins carry blood away from the heart, while arteries carry blood to the heart.
Veins have valves; arteries do not.
Why are there so few top carnivores in most ecosystems?
Carnivores play an important role in ecosystem balancing because they control the populations of the species on which they feed, thereby preventing an overpopulation of herbivorous animals.
Carnivores are organisms that feed primarily or exclusively on meat from other animals in ecology and zoology.
With this information, we can conclude that carnivorous animals feed on herbivores and thus exert population control in an ecosystem; other factors, such as carnivores' lower birth rate, contribute to their lower population density than herbivores.
To learn more about Carnivores:
https://brainly.com/question/1214500
#SPJ4
Fluid mosaic model of membrane structureWhich of the following is true of the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure?A)Membranes behave more like a solid than a liquid.B)Lipids can flip from one leaflet to another as easily as they can move laterally in a membrane.C)Proteins can easily move across membranes.D)Proteins can easily move laterally through membranes.
The answer choice that best fits the question is D) Protein can travel lateraly through membranes with ease.
What does a membrane look like?Mullerian Membranes The body openings that access to the outside are lined with these membranes, also known as mucosae. Mucous membranes line the inside of the digestive tract. Additional examples are the respiratory, reproductive, and excretory systems.
What is a membrane, exactly?All cells have a cell membrane, also known as a plasma membrane, which separates the cell interior from the external environment. The cell is a membrane that surrounds which is optically transparent. The cell membrane regulates the flow of substances from and to the cell.
To know more about Membrane visit :
https://brainly.com/question/26872631
#SPJ4
which term is used to describe an inherited trait that gives an organism an advantage in its particular environment?
Adaptation is used to describe an inherited trait that gives an organism an advantage in its particular environment.
In general , the adaptation is considered as the heritable changes that helps an organism, like plant or animal, that helps to survive and reproduce in its environment. Hence , Adaptation is the process in which a species becomes stable and able to survive in its environment as a result of natural selection's also works in taking up heritable variation over several generations.
Also, adaptation is known as a physical or behavioral feature in animal that make them suitable to survive in environment they are living. In other words, an adaptation is needed for the survival for any species.
To learn more about Adaptation , here
brainly.com/question/29768035
#SPJ4
how well an organism survives and reproduces in its environment can be described as its
Any inherited characteristic that aids a plant or animal in surviving and reproducing in its environment is known as an adaptation.
One way to characterize an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its environment?The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment is referred to as fitness. High fitness is the term used to describe people who have environmental adaptations that allow them to live and reproduce.
How does a living thing thrive in its surroundings?Evolutionary adaptation, or simply adaptation, is the alteration of an organism to its environment in order to maximize its chances of survival.
According to Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection, animals who have heritable qualities that allow them to better adapt to their environment than other members of their species will be more likely to live, reproduce, and carry more of their genes to the next generation.
To know more about organism to survive and reproduce visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29146788
#SPJ4
calculate the free energy of hydrolysis of atp in a rat liver cell in which the atp, adp, and pi concentrations are 3.4, 1.3, and 4.8 mm, respectively
The free energy of hydrolysis of ATP can be calculated using the equation [tex]ΔG = ΔG° + RTln([ADP][Pi]/[ATP])[/tex].
The free energy of ATP hydrolysis in the rat liver cell would be calculated using the conventional free energy change of G° = -12 kcal/mol as follows:
[tex]ΔG = ΔG° + RTln([ADP][Pi]/[ATP])[/tex]
ln(1.3 mM * 4.8 mM / 3.4 mM) = -12 kcal/mol + (1.987 cal/mol*K) * (298 K) = -12 kcal/mol + -7.2 kcal/mol = -19.2 kcal/mol
In this specific cell, the hydrolysis of ATP would produce a free energy of -19.2 kcal/mol. This f is an estimate based on the presumption that the values provided appropriately reflect the temperature and the concentrations of the reactants and products. a number of variables, including the pH, the presence of enzymes, and other metabolic activities occurring inside the cell, might affect the free energy change.
To know more about ATP synthesis, click here,
brainly.com/question/893601
#SPJ4
Which of these statements is true about the gametophyte tissue that surrounds the pine embryo?
A. It develops from the fusion of a microspore and a megaspore.
B. It functions as a diploid food reserve.
C. It functions as a triploid food reserve.
D. It functions as a haploid food reserve.
E. It is the remnant of the pollen tube.
An embryo sac is another name for a megagametophyte (female or egg-producing gametophyte). The embryo sac develops within an ovule, which is found within a flower's ovary.
The mature embryo sac is a seven-celled, eight-nucleate structure in most angiosperms. Megagametogenesis is the process by which megagametophytes mature and evolve. Megagametophytes are responsible for the production of female gametes, or eggs. These egg cells are required for pollination and fertilization. The megagametophyte of gymnosperms and the endosperm of angiosperms, which are formed before and after fertilization and have haploid and triploid genomes, respectively, may be thought of as functional homologues due to their functions as a source of nutrients for the growing embryo.
To learn more about megagametophytes please visit o
https://brainly.com/question/10038743
#SPJ4
Under what conditions would the butterflyfish be unable to adapt to the change in the food sourcer
The reef butterflyfish is well suited to life on the reef. Its compressed body allows for darting in and out of coral. The small, protractile mouth is specifically adapted to crevice feeding.
Systematists have used a wide variety of characters to reconstruct the phylogenies of particular groups of organisms. which one of the following types of characters can produce an estimate of phylogeny?
1. behavioral characters
2. DNA sequences
3. protein sequences
4. morphological characters
All the above characters combined can produce an estimate of phylogeny.
Phylogenetic trees represent hypotheses about the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms. A phylogenetic tree may be built using morphological (body shape), biochemical, behavioral, or molecular features of species or other groups. In building a tree, we organize species into nested groups based on shared derived traits (traits different from those of the group's ancestor). A phylogenetic tree may be built using morphological (body shape), biochemical, behavioral, or molecular features of species or other groups. In building a tree, we organize species into nested groups based on shared derived traits (traits different from those of the group's ancestor). The methods of constructing phylogenetic trees include the distance-based methods, parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference methods . The data used in reconstruction of a DNA-based phylogenetic tree are obtained by comparing nucleotide sequences
Learn more about Phylogeny here:
https://brainly.com/question/1620210
#SPJ4
the structure of the spleen and lymph nodes are composed mainly of
The structure of the spleen and lymph nodes are composed mainly of Reticular loose connective
The spleen is the body's biggest lymphatic organ. The spleen is made up of two types of tissue: white pulp and red pulp. It is surrounded by a connective tissue capsule that continues inside to split the organ into lobules. The white pulp is lymphatic tissue made up primarily of lymphocytes that surround arteries.
Lymph nodes are made up of lymph tissue and other types of cells, such as white blood cells (lymphocytes). Lymph nodes and other lymphatic organs such as the spleen and thymus contain lymphocytes, which are unique white blood cells. These may rapidly proliferate and produce antibodies in response to bacteria, viruses, and a variety of other stimuli emitted by dead or dying cells, as well as improperly behaving cells such as cancer cells.
Learn more about lymph nodes
brainly.com/question/29829253
#SPJ4
Full Question
The structure of the spleen and lymph nodes are composed mainly of ______-
microorganisms require phosphorus, sulfur, iron, and magnesium for metabolism. what specifically are these elements used for in microbial metabolism or cellular structures?
Particularly for final e-acceptors in cellular and microbial metabolism, these components are used.
What causes a slow metabolism?Persistent diseases Numerous diseases, such as overweight, hypothyroidism, diabetes, particularly Cushing's syndrome, can reduce the metabolism. Obesity: Obese folks with higher fat mass & reduced muscle mass are more likely to have this sluggish metabolism.
How to test your metabolism?The doctor can assess the effectiveness of your metabolism by using your BMP. This blood test can provide you with a number for your kidney function, blood glucose levels, and other variables. This could offer clues to help with diagnosing various diseases.
To know more about metabolism visit:
brainly.com/question/15966561
#SPJ4
bioinformatics most typically analyzes what cellular macromolecules?
Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field that applies computational methods and tools to analyze and interpret biological data.
One of the primary types of biological macromolecules that bioinformatics typically analyzes is nucleic acids, specifically DNA and RNA.
Bioinformatics tools are used to analyze the structure and function of nucleic acids, including the sequence of nucleotides in DNA and RNA, the expression patterns of genes, and the interactions between genes and their products. This information is used to study gene expression, genetic variation, gene function, and the evolution of genes and genomes.
In addition to nucleic acids, bioinformatics can also be used to analyze and interpret data related to proteins, including their sequence, structure, and function, as well as their interactions with other molecules. This type of analysis is often referred to as structural bioinformatics or protein bioinformatics.
To learn more about bioinformatics, refer:-
https://brainly.com/question/12537802
#SPJ4
______ are essential chemical substances that must be consumed for normal cellular metabolism and growth.
The missing term in the sentence is "nutrients". Nutrients are essential chemical substances required by living organisms to maintain normal cellular metabolism and growth.
Nutrients include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Carbohydrates are the primary source of energy for the metabolism body, lipids are used for energy storage and structural support, and proteins are necessary for growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues. Vitamins and minerals , nutrients are required in small amounts for various physiological functions in the body, such as bone formation, immune function, and energy production. Without metabolism adequate nutrient intake, the body may suffer from malnutrition and impaired functioning.
Learn more about metabolism here:
https://brainly.com/question/1490181
#SPJ4
What happens to the chromosomes in late telophase
Answer:
During late telophase, the chromosomes de-condense as the histones assume a relaxed state. When they are in this state the cell can access the chromosomal DNA in order to produce proteins. DNA in the de-condensed state is very difficult to be seen, even with a microscope.
What are the 7 carbon transfers (fluxes)? (Will give brainly to 1st correct answer)
Answer:1. photosynthesis
2. respiration
3. decomposition
4. combustion
5. burial and compaction
6. carbon sequestration
7. weathering
Explanation:
what is the ability to move a body part through a full range of motion?
The capacity to move the joints in their whole range of motion. Flexibility refers to the capacity to move all or a portion of the body swiftly.
Flexibility refers to your ability to move your body's components across their whole range of motion. If your basketball injury has caused you to lose knee mobility, this implies you can't move it very well. Mobility frequently refers to the ability to move an injured bodily part, such as a joint or limb, but it can also apply to movement in general. relocation Add to the list Share.
Use the term relocation to indicate moving from one location to another, such as a family move that required them to leave behind old acquaintances but provided them with the opportunity to meet new people.
Learn more about body part
https://brainly.com/question/28798522
#SPJ4
Which feature of cycads makes them similar to many angiospers?
1. they have exposed ovules
2. they have flagellated sperm
3. they are pollinated by animals
They have exposed ovules. Ovules are a feature that cycas share with angiosperms. Each plant is either all male or entirely female. The presence of ovules is what causes the similarity to angiosperms.
Gymnosperms like cycas have enclosed seeds with more intricate fertilisation systems, whereas cycas have unfertilized seeds that are open to the air to be directly fertilised by pollination.
Cycas often use a single species of very specialised pollinators. They are frequently identified by their thick, wooden trunk and crown of big, stiff, evergreen leaves. Usually, their leaves are pinnate.
Gymnosperms , as opposed to angiosperms (which have enclosed seeds with more complicated fertilisation mechanisms), have unfertilized seeds that are exposed to the air to be directly fertilised by pollination.
Learn more about angiosperms here:
https://brainly.com/question/29250052
#SPJ4
how are membrane transport proteins like enzymes? how are membrane transport proteins like enzymes? both require energy to function properly. both are made from rna molecules. both are specialized to the materials they act upon. neither can change as a result of gene mutations.
Protein activation is a function of protein-phosphorylating enzymes in the control of gene expression.
Protein phosphorylation is essential for cell signaling, gene expression, and differentiation in eukaryotes. Both the general management of DNA replication during the cell cycle and the systems that deal with replication blockages brought on by stress include protein phosphorylation. One of the fundamental processes needed for the coordination of cellular and organic functions, such as the control of metabolism, proliferation, apoptosis, subcellular trafficking, inflammation, and other essential physiological processes, is protein phosphorylation. Protein activation thus contributes to the control of gene expression through protein phosphorylating enzymes. Ribosomes, which are substantial molecules in charge of producing biological proteins, are present in all cells.
Learn more about Eukaryotes here:
https://brainly.com/question/26275598
#SPJ4
Calculating the volume of a Rectangular Prism
Find the volume of a box with a length of 5 cm, a width
of 5 cm, and a height of 10 cm.
V=
cm?
10 cm
5 cm
5 cm
Intro
Done
The volume of a rectangular prism with a length of 10cm, a width of 5cm, and a height of 8cm is 500[tex]cm^{3}[/tex].
In general, if a rectangular prism has a length of l units, a width of w units, and a height of h units, we may calculate its volume using the formula:
lwh = volume
In other words, we calculate the volume of a rectangular prism by multiplying its length, width, and height. Our rectangular prism's length, width, and height are stated as 10cm, 5cm, and 10cm, correspondingly. As a result, we may calculate our volume by multiplying these numbers together.
10cm 5cm 10cm Equals 500[tex]cm^{3}[/tex] volume
The volume of our rectangular prism is calculated to be 500cm3.
A rectangular prism with a length of 10cm, a width of 5cm, and a height of 10cm has a volume of 500[tex]cm^{3}[/tex].
To learn more about Rectangular prism Please click on the given link:
https://brainly.com/question/24284033
#SPJ4
Complete Question is:
What is the volume of a rectangular prism with length of 10cm, the width of 5cm and a height of 10cm?
when an enzyme obeys the michaelis-menten kinetics, and when the substrate concentration is much greater than km, which statement is true?
The statement that is true when the substrate concentration is much greater than Km is that the reaction rate is at its maximum and is independent of the substrate concentration.
When an enzyme obeys Michaelis-Menten kinetics, and the substrate concentration is much greater than the Michaelis constant (Km), the enzyme is said to be saturated with substrate.
Now, rather than the presence of a substrate, the pace of the reaction is constrained by the enzyme's rate of turnover.
The turnover rate of the enzyme is also known as the maximum velocity of the reaction (Vmax). At high substrate concentrations, the enzyme reaches its Vmax, and the reaction rate becomes constant because all the enzyme molecules are occupied with the substrate.
Therefore, the statement that is true when the substrate concentration is much greater than Km is that the reaction rate is at its maximum and is independent of the substrate concentration.
In other words, increasing the substrate concentration beyond this point will not increase the reaction rate any further, because the enzyme is already working at its maximum capacity.
To learn more about substrate concentration:
https://brainly.com/question/29508254
#SPJ4
in an early study of black spruce trees in canada's hudson bay area, researchers studying nuclear dna found no reduction of genetic diversity in post-ice-age populations, and thus no evidence of founder effects. why did a recent study, using mitochondrial dna (mtdna), show different results regarding the founder effects in black spruce?
Option a. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is maternally inherited, and thus it is passed on only through seeds, while it is absent from pollen.
Comparison of present and previously published data supports thehypothesis of a recent progenitor-derivative relationship between these species, red spruce presumably being derived by allopatricspeciation of an isolated population of black spruce during the Pleistocene.The DNA found in mitochondria, which are cellular organelles found in eukaryotic cells that transform chemical energy from food into a form that cells can utilise, such as adenosine triphosphate, is known as mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA or mDNA) (ATP). Only a small amount of the DNA in a eukaryotic cell is contained in the mitochondria; the majority of the DNA is found in the cell nucleus and, in plants and algae, also in plastids like chloroplasts.
Learn more about Mitochondrial DNA
https://brainly.com/question/28937546
#SPJ4
Full Question: In an early study of black spruce trees in the Hudson Bay area, researchers studying nuclear DNA found no reduction of genetic diversity in post Ice Age populations, and thus no evidence of founder effects. Why did a recent study, using mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) show different results regarding the founder effects in black spruce?
a. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is maternally inherited, and thus it is passed on only through seeds, while it is absent from pollen.
b. Seeds cannot disperse as easily and as far as the pollen, which is carried by the wind.
c. Different populations of the black spruce have similar composition of nuclear DNA, but very differentwith respect to mtDNA composition.
d. all of the above
