The temperature is increasing the three degrees.
Does heat affect enthalpy of reaction?The enthalpy of a reaction, also known as the heat of reaction, can be affected by changes in temperature. Enthalpy is a measure of the total energy in a system, including both heat and internal energy.
In a chemical reaction, the enthalpy change is the heat absorbed or released during the reaction, which can be measured as the temperature change of the system. When the temperature of a reaction increases, the enthalpy of the system will increase, and when the temperature decreases, the enthalpy of the system will decrease.
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A student finds a piece of metal and wants to determine the
specific heat. The mass of the metal is 4.70g. After the
metal absorbed 57.2J of heat, the temperature of the sample
rises 32°C. What is the specific heat?
The metal has a specific heat of 0.390 J/g°C.
What is Specific Heat ?
Specific heat is an important concept in thermodynamics and is used to determine the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a material, or conversely, the amount of heat that is released when a material cools. Different materials have different specific heats, which means that they require different amounts of heat to change their temperature. For example, water has a very high specific heat, which means that it takes a lot of heat energy to raise its temperature, while metals have much lower specific heats and require much less heat energy to change their temperature.
We can use the formula for the heat absorbed or released by a material:
Q = m * c * ΔT
where Q is the heat absorbed or released, m is the mass of the material, c is the specific heat, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
In this case, the metal absorbs 57.2 J of heat, and the temperature of the sample rises 32°C. The mass of the metal is 4.70 g. When these values are added to the formula, we obtain:
57.2 J = 4.70 g * c * 32°C
Solving for c, we get:
c = 57.2 J / (4.70 g * 32°C)
= 0.390 J/g°C
Therefore, the specific heat of the metal is 0.390 J/g°C.
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The volume of air that can be exhaled after normal exhalation is the:_________
The volume of air that can be exhaled after normal exhalation is called the residual volume.
The residual volume is the amount of air that remains in the lungs after a person has exhaled as much air as they can. This volume is estimated to be about 1.0 to 1.5 liters in healthy individuals. It is important for maintaining adequate lung function and preventing lung collapse. The residual volume serves as a "reserve" of air that can be used for activities such as exercise, speaking, and deep breathing. The lungs are made up of several different parts, including the alveoli, bronchioles, and airways. During normal breathing, air flows in and out of the lungs through the airways and into the alveoli, where oxygen is exchanged with carbon dioxide. However, after a person has exhaled as much air as they can, there is still some air remaining in the lungs. This remaining air is referred to as the residual volume. The residual volume is estimated to be about 1.0 to 1.5 liters in healthy individuals.The residual volume serves several important functions. Firstly, it helps to maintain the shape and structure of the lungs. Without a residual volume, the lungs would collapse, which could lead to airway blockages and reduced lung function.
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which set of three quantum numbers does not specify an orbital in the hydrogen atom?
any set of quantum numbers that violate the rules for the allowed values of n, l, and m_l will not specify a valid orbital in the hydrogen atom.
The trio of quantum numbers n = 3, l = 3, and m l = -2 do not identify an orbital in the hydrogen atom.
This is because l = 3 is an invalid quantum number for n = 3, as the value of l cannot be bigger than n-1. When n = 3, the permitted values of l are 0, 1, and 2. As m l has a value between -l and +l, the quantum number m l = -2 is acceptable for l = 2 but not for l = 3.
In summary, any set of quantum numbers that violate the rules for the allowed values of n, l, and m_l will not specify a valid orbital in the hydrogen atom.
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oil is less dense than water b. oil is immiscible (does not dissolve) in water c. oil is both less dense and immiscible with water d. water is heavier than oi
The statement that correctly describes the relationship between oil and water is: "Oil is both less dense and immiscible with water."
Oil is less dense than water, which means that it will float on top of water when the two are combined in a container. Additionally, oil and water are immiscible, which means that they do not mix together to form a homogenous solution. Instead, the oil will form droplets or a separate layer on top of the water.
Water is actually heavier than oil, which is why the less dense oil floats on top of it. This property of oil and water has important implications in various industries, such as in the separation of oil from water during oil spills or in the purification of water.
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-Complete Solution.
+Brainliest With Correct Answer/Solution And Complete Solution.
A car starts from rest and moves at the speed of 30km/h after half an hour. What is the car's acceleration?
The acceleration of the car, given that it started from rest and move with a speed of 30 Km/h in half hour is 60 Km/h²
How do I determine the acceleration of the car?Acceleration is defined as follow:
a = (v – u) / t
a is the acceleration v is the final velocity u is the initial velocity t is the timeThe following data were obtained from the question:
Initial velocity (u) = 0 Km/h Final velocity (v) = 30 mi/hrTime (t) = 1/2 hour = 0.5 hourAcceleration of car (a) =?The acceleration of the car can be obtained as follow:
a = (v – u) / t
a = (30 - 0) / 0.5
a = 30 / 0.5
a = 60 Km/h²
Thus, we can conclude from the above calculatuin that the acceleration of the car is 60 Km/h²
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What amino acids are involved in hydrogen bonds?
How many atoms of manganese
are in 250.0 g of braunite,
Mn3SiO6? The molar mass of
braunite is 288.91 g/mol.
? ] × 10[?]
x
atoms Mn
Answer:
1.56x10^23 atoms of Mn
Explanation:
250 grams of braunite (Mn3SiO6) is:
(250 g)/(288.91 g/mole) = 0.865 moles of Mn3SiO6
One mole of Mn3SiO6 would contain 3 moles of Mn, since it appears 3 times in the compound. Breaking apart 1 mole of Mn3SiO6 into individual atoms of each element would procude 3 moles of Mn atoms (and 1 mole of Si and 6 moles of O atoms),
Since we have 0.865 moles of Mn3SiO6,
we should have:
(0.865 moles of Mn3SiO6)*((3 moles of Mn)/(1 mole Mn3SiO6))
this is equal to 2.596 moles of Mn atoms
Since 1 mole is 6.02x10^23 particles of anything, we can write:
(2.596 moles of Mn)*(6.02x10^23 particles Mn atoms/mole) =
1.56x10^23 atoms of Mn
A reaction is said to be ___________________ when the addition of free energy from the environment is required for the reaction to proceed.
When additional free energy from the surrounding environment is needed for a reaction to continue, it is said to be endergonic.
A chemical reaction or process is referred to as endergonic if free energy must be added for it to proceed. In an endergonic reaction, the reactants and products have different energy levels, and the reaction needs an external energy source to break through the activation energy barrier. This energy intake may originate from heat, light, or chemical energy sources. Endergonic reactions can't happen on their own; they need an ongoing supply of energy to function. A few endergonic processes are protein synthesis, photosynthesis, and the dissociation of ATP into ADP and phosphate. In living things, energonic processes play a significant role in metabolism and energy transfer.
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Select the term that correctly describes a chemical reaction that favors one possible structural isomer over one or more other structural isomers.
A. Stereogeneic
B. Stereoselective
C. Regioselective
D. Regiogenic
A chemical reaction that prefers one potential structural isomer over one or more other structural isomers is accurately referred to be stereoselective.
A stereoselective reaction favours the creation of a particular stereoisomer over other potential stereoisomers while retaining the stereochemistry of the starting material in the final product. The composition of the reagents and the reaction conditions are only two examples of the many variables that might affect selectivity. A chiral centre or a molecule with the capacity to produce one is referred to as stereogenic. A reaction is referred described as being "regioselective" if one of a molecule's reaction sites is favoured over other reaction sites. In organic chemistry, the word "regiogenic" is not used.
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of these, which solution could be in the beaker that contains the isotonic solution? 0.05% (m/v) nacl solution 0.92% (m/v) nacl solution 4% (m/v) nacl solution
In this case, the solution with 0.92% (m/v) NaCl is most likely to be isotonic, as it has a concentration of solutes that is closest to the concentration inside the cell, 2nd option.
What is an isotonic solution?An isotonic solution has the same concentration of solutes as the cell, meaning that the concentration of solutes inside and outside the cell are equal.
This means that when a cell is placed in an isotonic solution, there is no net movement of water into or out of the cell, so the cell retains its normal shape and size. This solution will cause neither an increase nor decrease in the size of the cell.
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What would you observe if benzene was shaken with bromine water? Does this support or oppose Kekulé’s model of benzenes structure. Explain your answer.
Answer:
If benzene was shaken with bromine water, you would observe a slow reaction, as bromine water is a weak oxidizing agent. The reaction would result in the formation of bromobenzene, which is a yellow or reddish-brown solution.
This observation supports Kekulé's model of benzene's structure, as Kekulé proposed that benzene had alternating double bonds in its ring. This allows for the slow reaction with bromine water as the electrons in the double bonds can participate in the reaction to form bromobenzene. In contrast, if benzene had a structure with only single bonds, the reaction would occur more rapidly.
Explanation:
Tell me if you still confuse
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it takes 675 j of work to compress quasi-statically 0.60 mol of an ideal gas to one-ninth its original volume. calculate the temperature of the gas (in k), assuming it remains constant during the compression.
The ideal gas has a temperature of 180.6 Kelvin. A huge number of tiny particles that are constantly moving and only interact with one another during collisions make up an ideal gas, which is a hypothetical gas.
The formula for the relationship between work and volume change for an ideal gas at constant temperature can be used to solve this issue: W=-nRT ln(V2/V1). where V1 is the starting volume, V2 is the finished volume, n is the number of moles of gas, R is the gas constant, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and W is the work done on the gas. We know that W = 675 J, n = 0.60 mol, V1 = 1, and V2 = 1/9 in this situation. To solve for the temperature T, we can rearrange the expression as follows: T = -W ln(V2/V1) nR. When we enter the values, we obtain: T is equal to -675 J / (0.60 mol * 8.31 J/mol*K * ln(1/9)). T = 180.6 K. The gas is therefore 180.6 Kelvin in temperature.
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Carbon tetrachloride is a solvent which is used as a refrigerant and also as a cleaning agent. Today, methane and chlorine are mainly used to produce carbon tetrachloride:
CH4+4012-> CC14+4H1
How many grams of carbon tetrachloride can be produced from reacting 190.1 grams of chlorine with excess methane?
The amount of carbon tetrachloride that can be produced from reacting 190.1 grams of chlorine with excess methane is 159.8 grams.
What do you mean by chlorine?
Chlorine is basically a chemical element with symbol Cl and atomic number 17. It is a halogen, which means it is a highly reactive nonmetal. Chlorine is a yellow-green gas at room temperature and is highly soluble in water. It is most commonly used as a disinfectant and water purifier, but it has many other uses, including production of plastics, bleach, and synthetic fibers.
This is calculated using the equation:
mass of carbon tetrachloride = (mass of chlorine / molar mass of chlorine) x molar mass of carbon tetrachloride
= (190.1 / 70.906) x 153.82
= 159.8 grams
Hence, 159.8 grams of carbon tetrachloride can be produced from the reaction.
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roughtly how many molecues of epinephrine are in a standard epi pen?
A standard EpiPen contains approximately 0.3 milligrams of epinephrine, which is equivalent to 0.3 milliliters of a 1:1000 solution, or 3 micrograms of epinephrine per dose. there are approximately 9.83 x 10^20 molecules of epinephrine in a standard EpiPen.
Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is a hormone and neurotransmitter that is produced naturally by the body in response to stress or danger. It acts on the sympathetic nervous system to increase heart rate, constrict blood vessels, dilate airways, and mobilize energy stores in the body. It is also used as a medication to treat severe allergic reactions, such as anaphylaxis.
A standard EpiPen is a self-administered device that contains a single dose of epinephrine in a prefilled syringe. The EpiPen delivers the medication through a spring-loaded mechanism that injects the solution into the thigh muscle. The dose is typically 0.3 milligrams (or 0.3 milliliters) of a 1:1000 solution of epinephrine, which means that there is 1 milligram of epinephrine in 1000 milliliters of solution.
To calculate the number of molecules of epinephrine in a standard EpiPen, we need to know the molecular weight of epinephrine and Avogadro's number, which is the number of molecules in one mole of a substance. The molecular weight of epinephrine is approximately 183 grams per mole, which means that one mole of epinephrine contains Avogadro's number (6.02 x 10^23) molecules.
Since the dose of epinephrine in a standard EpiPen is 0.3 milligrams, we can convert this to micrograms by multiplying by 1000, which gives us 300 micrograms. To calculate the number of molecules of epinephrine in 300 micrograms, we need to use the formula:
Number of molecules = (mass in micrograms/molecular weight) x Avogadro's number
Plugging in the values for epinephrine, we get:
Number of molecules = (300/183) x 6.02 x 10^23
Simplifying this expression gives us:
Number of molecules = 9.83 x 10^20
Therefore, there are approximately 9.83 x 10^20 molecules of epinephrine in a standard EpiPen.
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When solid ammonium chloride is added to water, all of the solid dissolves and the solution becomes cold.
a. True
b. False
True. When solid ammonium chloride is put to water, it dissolves quickly and undergoes an endothermic reaction, meaning that heat from the environment is absorbed, cooling the solution.
A salt with no flavour or scent, ammonium chloride has a number of uses. It is frequently used in fertilisers, as an animal feed addition, and in several medical procedures. Ammonium chloride, often known as NH4Cl, is a chemical compound made up of ammonium ions (NH4+) and chloride ions (Cl-). Water rapidly dissolves ammonium chloride when it is introduced, releasing ammonium and chloride ions into the solution. Because of the endothermic nature of this process, the solution cools down as a result of heat being absorbed from the surroundings. This quality is frequently applied in cooling applications, such as cold packs.
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What is the temperature of calcium chloride, baking soda, and water usually at?
The temperature of calcium chloride, baking soda, and water will depend on the specific application and the environment.
What do you mean by temperature?
Temperature is a measurement of how hot or cold something is. Temperature is expressed in degrees Celsius (°C) or Fahrenheit (°F). The temperature of an object, a room, or the air around us can all be referred to as temperature.
The temperature of calcium chloride, baking soda, and water will depend on the specific application and the environment in which it is used. For example, if calcium chloride is used as a de-icing agent, it will be affected by the outside temperature and humidity. If baking soda is used as a leavening agent in baking, it will be affected by the ambient temperature of the kitchen. Finally, if water is being heated on a stove, the temperature will depend on the heat source and the amount of time it is heated. The temperature of all three will fluctuate depending on the application and environment, making it impossible to provide a definitive answer.
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Does the diagram below demonstrate an endothermic or an exothermic reaction? Explain your reasoning.
PLEASE BE ACCURATE!!! Thank you so much!!:))
Answer:
Endothermic reaction.
Explanation:
The reactants are at a lower energy rate than the products. Because delta H is positive, energy is absorbed from the surroundings.
What is the normality of:
2.5 M gallium(III) hydroxide
6.0 M barium hydroxide
4.5 M sulfuric acid
0.54 M iron(II) hydroxide
Answer:
The term "normality" refers to the number of moles of a solute present in one liter of a solution, expressed as equivalents per liter (Eq/L). To calculate the normality of a solution, you need to know the molarity (moles of solute per liter of solution) and the equivalent weight of the solute. The equivalent weight of a solute is the atomic weight or molecular weight of the solute divided by the number of ions or molecules that can be formed from one molecule of the solute.
2.5 M gallium(III) hydroxide: Gallium(III) hydroxide is a basic compound and forms Ga(OH)3. One mole of Ga(OH)3 will yield three moles of hydroxide ions, so the equivalent weight of Ga(OH)3 is 1/3 of its molecular weight. Therefore, the normality of 2.5 M gallium(III) hydroxide solution is 2.5 x 3 = 7.5 N.
6.0 M barium hydroxide: Barium hydroxide is a basic compound and forms Ba(OH)2. One mole of Ba(OH)2 will yield two moles of hydroxide ions, so the equivalent weight of Ba(OH)2 is 1/2 of its molecular weight. Therefore, the normality of 6.0 M barium hydroxide solution is 6.0 x 2 = 12 N.
4.5 M sulfuric acid: Sulfuric acid is an acidic compound and forms H2SO4. One mole of H2SO4 will yield two moles of hydrogen ions, so the equivalent weight of H2SO4 is 1/2 of its molecular weight. Therefore, the normality of 4.5 M sulfuric acid solution is 4.5 x 2 = 9 N.
0.54 M iron(II) hydroxide: Iron(II) hydroxide is a basic compound and forms Fe(OH)2. One mole of Fe(OH)2 will yield two moles of hydroxide ions, so the equivalent weight of Fe(OH)2 is 1/2 of its molecular weight. Therefore, the normality of 0.54 M iron(II) hydroxide solution is 0.54 x 2 = 1.08 N.
how much heat (in cal) is required to boil 142 g of ammonia, nh3? the heat vaporization of ammonia is 327cal/g
It would require 46434 calories of heat to boil 142 g of ammonia.
When a liquid changes form into a gas, the process is called vaporization. You can watch vaporization when you boil a pot of water. Vaporization happens in two ways: evaporation and boiling. Evaporation occurs when sunlight shines on water until it changes to vapor and rises into the air
To calculate the amount of heat required to boil 142 g of ammonia, NH3, we can use the formula:
Heat = mass x heat of vaporization
where the mass is 142 g and the heat of vaporization is 327 cal/g.
Therefore, the heat required to boil 142 g of ammonia is:
Heat = 142 g x 327 cal/g
Heat = 46434 cal
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would the flame temperature be higher or lower if pure oxygen were used instead of air? why? (use the 1st law to explain your answer)
Using pure oxygen instead of air for combustion would result in a higher flame temperature.
This is because air contains a significant amount of nitrogen (about 78% by volume), which is not involved in the combustion reaction and therefore acts as a diluent, reducing the concentration of oxygen available for the reaction. By using pure oxygen, the concentration of oxygen is increased, allowing for more complete combustion and producing a higher flame temperature. The first law of thermodynamics, also known as the law of conservation of energy, states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be transformed from one form to another. In the case of combustion, the chemical energy stored in the fuel is transformed into thermal energy (heat) and other forms of energy, such as light and sound. The amount of heat released during combustion is determined by the enthalpy change of the reaction, which depends on the chemical composition of the reactants and products.
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Propane burns completely in oxygen according to the equation shown.
C3H8 (g)+50₂ (g)=3CO₂ (g)+4H₂O(g)
If 0.1 mole of propane gas is burnt completely. What colume of gaseous product is obtained,
measured at room temperature and pressure?
Answer:
17.1L
Explanation:
use ideal gas law
PV=nRT
101.325x = 0.7 x 8.314 x 298.15
^
Solve for x
X = 17.12424525 ~~ 17.1L
Answer:
17.11 L
Explanation:
The molar volume of a gas at room temperature (25°C) and pressure (1 atm) is 24.45 L/mol.
0.1 mole of propane reacts with oxygen to form 0.1 x 3 = 0.3 mole of carbon dioxide and 0.1 x 4 = 0.4 mole of water vapor.
The total volume of the gaseous products is 0.3 + 0.4 = 0.7 mole of gas.
Therefore, the volume of gaseous products obtained from the complete combustion of 0.1 mole of propane is 0.7 x 24.45 L/mol = 17.11 L.
What is Pb+Cuso4 balanced
Answer:
Explanation:
The balanced equation for the reaction between lead (Pb) and copper (II) sulfate (CuSO4) is:
Pb + CuSO4 -> PbSO4 + Cu
In this equation, one mole of lead reacts with one mole of copper (II) sulfate to produce one mole of lead sulfate and one mole of copper. This equation represents a redox reaction, where lead acts as the reducing agent and copper (II) sulfate acts as the oxidizing agent. The transfer of electrons from lead to copper (II) sulfate results in the formation of lead sulfate and copper.
elements that are most similar in their properties are found _____
Elements that are most similar in their properties are found in the same period of the periodic table. The number of electron shells is the same for elements in the same period of the periodic table.
As a result, they have similar electron configurations and thus similar chemical and physical properties. Elements are arranged in columns termed "groups" according to their chemical similarities (or families). When two different elements share the same number of valence electrons, their chemical characteristics are likely to be comparable. The same column of the Periodic Table contains elements that have the same number of valence electrons. Elements having the same valence shell are found in the same row of the periodic table.
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what is/are the diagnostic signal(s) in the ir spectrum of the indanol product that suggests that the desired product is being formed? is it possible to tell whether any unreacted starting material is present?
The presence of a hydroxyl group (OH) stretching at around 3300–3500 cm-1 and a carbonyl group (C=O) stretching at about 1700–1750 cm-1 are two diagnostic signal indications in the IR spectrum of the indanol product that point to the formation of the intended product.
Diagnostic signals are distinct traits that can be utilised to determine if a molecule, functional group, or physical attribute is present or absent in a spectrum or analysis. Diagnostic signals are signals that are specific to a certain chemical structure or bond, allowing for the identification of the compound or the presence of specific functional groups, in the context of spectroscopy. These signals can be utilised to locate and measure the target molecule or functional group because they are frequently connected to certain peaks, wavelengths, or frequencies. Chemical analysis frequently relies on diagnostic signals because they make it possible to precisely and accurately identify certain substances or functional groups in intricate combinations.
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write the balanced net ionic equation for the reaction when aqueous calcium chloride and aqueous lead(ii) nitrate are mixed in solution to form aqueous calcium nitrate and solid lead(ii) chloride. be sure to include the proper phases for all species within the reaction.
The reaction between aqueous calcium chloride and aqueous lead(II) nitrate, which results in the formation of aqueous calcium nitrate and solid lead(II) chloride, has the following balanced net ionic equation: PbCl2(s) + Ca(NO3)2 Pb(NO3)2(aq) + CaCl2(aq) (aq).
A chemical equation known as a balanced net ionic equation only displays the species and ions that are actively participating in a reaction, leaving out any spectator ions. The spectator ions that appear on both the reactant and product sides of the chemical equation are cancelled out to produce the net ionic equation. To highlight the primary chemical process taking place and to make the equation simpler to understand and evaluate, a balanced net ionic equation is used. This can be very helpful when figuring out how a response works and forecasting how it will turn out.
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7. What is the
concentration of a solution in
parts per million, if 0.45 gram of KNO,
is dissolved in 1000. grams of water?
(1) 450 ppm
(2) 4.5 × 10-5 ppm
(3) 4.5 x 10 ppm
(4) 225 ppm
7
The concentration of the solution in parts per million (ppm) is 450. The correct answer is (1) 450 ppm.
What is 1ppm?1 ppm (parts per million) is a unit of measurement used to express the concentration of a substance in a solution or mixture. It indicates the ratio of the number of units of a particular substance to the total number of units in the mixture, with each unit typically being a single molecule or ion.
To calculate the concentration of a solution in parts per million (ppm), we use the following formula:
Concentration (ppm) = (mass of solute / mass of solution) x 10^6
In this case, the mass of solute (KNO3) is 0.45 gram and the mass of solution is 1000 grams (1 liter of water). Putting up these values in the formula, we get:
Concentration (ppm) = (0.45 / 1000) x 10^6 Concentration (ppm) = 450
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the temperature of a 5.50 l sample of nh3 gas is 22 oc. what will be the resulting temperature in kelvin if the volume is reduced to 3.40 l at constant pressure?
The temperature of a 5.50 L sample of NH₃ gas is 22 °C. The resulting temperature in kelvin if the volume is reduced to 3.40 l at the constant pressure is 286.6 K.
The initial temperature, T1 = 22 °C
The initial volume, V1 = 5.50 L
The final temperature , T2 = ?
The final volume , V2 = 3.40 L
The gas law is expressed as follows :
V1 /T1 = V2 / T2
5.50 / 22 = 3.40 / T2
0.25 = 3.40 / T2
T2 = 13.6 °C = 286.6 K
Thus, the final temperature of the gas is 13.6 °C IS 286.6 K.
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Why is it advised to add concentrated acid to water and not water to the acid?
Acid first forms a highly concentrated solution when water is added to it, and this solution may vigorously boil, spitting concentrated acid. Acid and water combine to form an incredibly dilute solution that cannot be vaporized and spattered because of the insufficient heat output.
An exothermic reaction occurs when water is introduced to a concentrated acid; the heat that is produced may cause the liquid to splash out and cause burns. In contrast, the mixture won't splash out when acid is gradually added to water while stirring continuously since less heat is produced. Concentrated acid is splashed out of the container when water is added to the solution, which causes the solution to violently boil. Here, hydration results in an exothermic process that releases a significant quantity of energy. As a result, concentrated acid is introduced to water instead of the other way around.
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the equilibrium fraction of lattice sites that are vacant in silver (ag) at 700c is 2 x 10-6. calculate the number of vacancies (per meter cubed) at 700c. assume a density of 10.35 g/cm3 for ag.
the number of vacancies per cubic meter of silver at 700°C is approximately 5.16 x [tex]10^{19}[/tex]
The number of vacancies per cubic meter can be calculated using the equation:
n_v = N exp(-Q_v / kT) * C_v
where:
n_v = number of vacancies per cubic meter
N = Avogadro's number = 6.022 x [tex]10^{-23}[/tex]atoms/mole
Q_v = vacancy formation energy = 0.92 eV/atom for silver
k = Boltzmann's constant = 8.617 x [tex]10^{-5}[/tex] eV/K
T = temperature in Kelvin = 700 + 273 = 973 K
C_v = equilibrium fraction of lattice sites that are vacant = 2 x 10^-6
density of Ag = 10.35 g/cm = 10,350 kg/m (1 g/cm = 1000 kg/m)
Plugging in the values:
n_v = 6.022 x [tex]10^{-23}[/tex] ×(-0.92 / (8.617 x [tex]10^{-5}[/tex] × 973)) × (2 x[tex]10^{-6}[/tex]) × 10,350
n_v = 5.16 x [tex]10^{19}[/tex] vacancies/m
Therefore, the number of vacancies per cubic meter of silver at 700°C is approximately 5.16 x [tex]10^{19}[/tex]
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QuestionThe product formed in Aldol condensation is:Aan alpha, beta unsaturated esterBa beta-hydroxy acidCA beta-hydroxy aldehyde or a beta-hydroxy ketoneDan alpha-hydroxy aldehyde or ketoneMedium
Aldol condensation produces a beta-hydroxy aldehyde or a beta-hydroxy ketone (C). Aldol condensation is a process that occurs when two carbonyl compounds combine with each other in the presence of a base.
resulting in the creation of a -hydroxy aldehyde or ketone. An enolate ion (from one carbonyl molecule) is added to the carbonyl group of another carbonyl chemical in the process. Depending on the type of the carbonyl molecules utilized in the process, Aldol condensation produces a beta-hydroxy aldehyde or a beta-hydroxy ketone (C). Aldol condensation is a process that occurs when two carbonyl compounds combine with each other in the presence of a base. the result of the Aldol condensation reaction is either a -hydroxy aldehyde or a -hydroxy ketone.
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