Rate law expression is in the differential form while integrated rate law expression using integral calculus, where concentration of reactants and time are interrelated, so half life can be derived from integrated rate law. Option is (B)
A rate law demonstrates the relationship between reaction rate and reactant concentration. In general, the rate law for a reaction like aA products takes the form rate = k[A]n, where k is the proportionality constant referred to as the rate constant and n is the order of the reaction with respect to A. Rate laws can be represented as an integrated rate law or a differential rate law, which describes the actual reactant or product concentrations as a function of time. A differential rate law describes the change in reactant or product concentrations as a function of time.
Learn more about rate law here:
https://brainly.com/question/4222261
#SPJ4
Draw the electron distribution diagram for water: Begin with 1 central water molecule. Show the chemistry of each element within the central water molecule (all electron orbits, lone pair electrons, type of chemical bond, polarity/charge, and correct shape). What type of bond creates a water molecule? What type of bond holds water molecule to another water molecule? Next; draw the correct number of other water molecules bonding to thc central water molecule How many other water molecules bond to a central molecule of water?
Hydrogen bonds are formed between neighboring water molecules' hydrogen and oxygen atoms. The attraction between individual water molecules results in the formation of a bond known as a hydrogen bond.
How many water molecules can bond together?A water molecule comprises two hydrogen atoms. Both of these atoms are capable of creating hydrogen bonds with the oxygen atoms of different water molecules. The greatest number of hydrogen bonds that can be formed by a water molecule is three.
How many lone and bonded pairs are there in water?The coordination geometry of oxygen is based on a tetrahedral arrangement of electron pairs, while water has four electron pairs. There are two lone pairings because there are only two bound groupings.
To know more about hydrogen visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/28937951
#SPJ4
Rank the following compounds in order of basicity: pyridine, 3-nitropyridine, 3-chloropyridine.
The order of basicity for these compounds is:
Pyridine.3-nitropyridine.3-chloropyridine.The basicity of a compound refers to its ability to donate a pair of electrons. In general, the more electronegative an atom is, the less basic a compound will be. The electronegativity of the atoms in a compound can be used to predict its basicity.
In the case of the compounds you listed, pyridine is the most basic because it has the least electronegative atoms. 3-nitropyridine is less basic than pyridine because it has a nitro group (-NO2), which is more electronegative than a hydrogen atom. Finally, 3-chloropyridine is the least basic because it has a chlorine atom, which is even more electronegative than a nitro group.
Learn more about bacity, here https://brainly.com/question/15347758
#SPJ4
if a reaction produces an insoluble salt what will you notice happening in the test tube
When a reaction produces an insoluble salt we will notice cloudiness and solids accumulating at bottom of the test tube.
We refer to a substance as a precipitate if it creates an insoluble salt as a result of soluble compounds reacting in water (see image).Most carbonates other than sodium and potassium, most hydroxides other than sodium and potassium, lead sulfate, barium sulfate, silver chloride, silver bromide, lead iodide, and lead chloride, lead bromide, lead iodide, are insoluble in water.AgCl, PbBr2, and Hg2Cl2 are hence insoluble. The majority of silver salts are soluble. Common silver salts that are soluble are AgNO3 and Ag(C2H3O2); practically all others are insoluble. Salts of sulfate are often soluble.
Learn more about insoluble salts here:
https://brainly.com/question/6646253
#SPJ4
carbonyl sulfide intermolecular forces
Carbonyl sulfide contains hydrogen bonds as its intermolecular force.
It is stronger than van der Waals forces but weaker than ionic or covalent bonds when two atoms with high electron affinities engage with one another through hydrogen bond. It is important to note that hydrogen bonds are not covalent bonds to hydrogen atoms, but rather an unique kind of dipole-dipole attraction between molecules. It originates from the attractive attraction between a hydrogen atom covalently bound to an extremely electronegative atom, like an N, O, or F atom, and an additional extremely electronegative atom.
A bond known as a hydrogen bond is formed between the hydrogen atom and more electronegative elements like N, O, and F. H O H, NH 3, etc.
Learn more about hydrogen bonds here:
https://brainly.com/question/21054466
#SPJ4
Draw the Lewis structure for the SeO3-2 ion, then using VSEPR theory, what is its geometry and electronic structure?
The Lewis structure for SeO3-2 is shown below:
O
/ \
Se O
\ /
O
Using VSEPR theory, we can predict the geometry of the SeO3-2 ion to be trigonal planar.
To draw the Lewis structure for the SeO3-2 ion, we first need to determine the total number of valence electrons in the ion. The Se atom has 6 valence electrons and each O atom has 6 valence electrons, for a total of 24 valence electrons.
Next, we need to connect the atoms using single bonds. The Se atom forms three bonds with the O atoms, so we can place the O atoms at the corners of a triangle, with the Se atom at the center. This arrangement satisfies the octet rule for each atom, because each O atom has a full valence shell of eight electrons and the Se atom has an expanded valence shell of eight electrons as well.
Using VSEPR theory, we can predict the geometry of the SeO3-2 ion to be trigonal planar. In this geometry, the three O atoms are arranged in a plane around the central Se atom. The electronic structure of the ion can be described as follows: the central Se atom has a total of six valence electrons, and each of the three O atoms has a total of seven valence electrons. This results in a total of 25 valence electrons in the ion, giving it a -1 charge.
Learn more about Lewis structure, here https://brainly.com/question/4144781
#SPJ4
a certain radioisotope has a half life of 10.8 days. what percentage of an initial sample of this isotope remains after 34 days
You could easily draw this out by dividing the percentage by 2 every 7.45 days until you reached 35 days if the elapsed time (35 days) were a whole-number multiple of the half-life (7.45 days).
Sadly, it isn't the case, thus you must use the following formula:
At=Ao⋅(1/2)pow(t/t*1/2)
In this case:
At=100%⋅(12)pow(35 days/7.45 days)
At=100%⋅(12)pow(4.700
At=100%*0.038
At=3.8%
How long is a radioisotope stable for?The amount of time needed for a radioisotope to decay by half is called its radioactive half-life. Most radioactivity will be gone in a few days if an isotope has a half-life that is only a few hours or less.
To know more about radioisotope visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/13076859
#SPJ4
supersaturated solution can be made to precipitate out by: A) Adding more solute B) Agitating the solution C Both (A) and (B) D) None of the above'
Both adding more solute and agitating the solution can cause a supersaturated solution to precipitate out. Therefore, the answer to the question is both (A) and (B).
A supersaturated solution is one in which more solute is dissolved in the solvent than is normally possible at a given temperature. This is done by either increasing the temperature of the solvent or by decreasing the pressure on the solvent. Supersaturation can occur in both solid and liquid solutions.
Supersaturated solutions can be made to precipitate out by either adding more solute to the solution or by agitating the solution. By adding more solute, the solute molecules will increase in concentration and the solution will become supersaturated. This will cause the molecules to become unstable, resulting in a precipitation reaction.
Agitating the solution can also cause a supersaturated solution to precipitate out. When the solution is agitated, the molecules become unstable and will start to form clusters. As these clusters grow, the molecules of the solute will begin to separate from the solvent, leading to a precipitation reaction.
Learn more about precipitation reaction at :https://brainly.com/question/29762381
#SPJ4
help.
a student plans to investigate how different factors affect the rotation rate of a hand-made motor when connected to a battery. The student will test a different variable in each investigation: the voltage of the battery (V), the number of loops used in the wire coil, and the number of magnets used below the loops. The first table shows details and predictions for investigation
How should the student design investigation 3 to finish testing the factors that affect the rotation rate of a motor?
Answer:
investigation 3 to finish testing the factors that affect the rotation rate of a motor
Explanation:
Nicotine is an alkaloid found in the nightshade family of plants (solanaceae) that acts as a stimulant in mammals. Nicotine is made up of 74% carbon, 8.7% hydrogen, and 17.3% nitrogen, what is the empirical formula?
What is the ratio of moles?
From the percentage composition, the empirical formula of nicotine is C₅H₇N.
The mole ratio of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen is 5 : 7 : 1
What is the empirical formula of a compound?The empirical formula of a compound is the formula showing the elements combined in the simplest ratio.
The empirical formula of nicotine is calculated as follows:
Mole ratio of Carbon : 74%/12 = 0.06 moles
Mole ratio of Hydrogen : 8.7%/1 = 0.087 moles
Mole ratio of nitrogen : 17.3% / 14 = 0.012 moles
Simplest mole ratio:
Carbon: 0.06/0.012 = 5
Hydrogen: 0.087 / 0.012 = 7
Nitrogen : 0.012 / 0.012 = 1
The empirical formula of nicotine will be C₅H₇N
Learn more about empirical formula at: https://brainly.com/question/1603500
#SPJ1
Another series of lines is the Lyman series whose energy transitions end in the n=1 state. List the
wavelengths and the energy levels involved in these transitions. In what region of the spectrum are
these lines found?
These lines are located in the spectrum's =1. 64106 region.
What are the wavelengths and hues of the hydrogen visible spectrum emission lines?Due to this, the emission spectra of hydrogen has emission lines at 410 nm (violet), 434 nm (blue), 486 nm (blue-green), and 656 nm (blue-green) (red). The electrons that fall the farthest emit light with the highest energy and shortest wavelength.
Which electron transition has the highest energy content?The highest energetic transition, which results in violet light with a wavelength of 410 nm, is from n=6 to n=2. Page 35 21. Take Model 3's electron transitions into consideration. b) Based on your comprehension of the forces that attract each other, describe why this transition requires the most energy.
To know more about spectrum's visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/6836691
#SPJ1
Draw the major organic product of the following process: 1) Hg(OAc)z, CH3OH 2) NaBH4, NaOH 2 Edit no reaction
The major organic product of the mentioned reaction is tetralin with an alkoxy functional group and the diagram is attached below:
What is a functional group?In organic chemistry, a functional group is a specific group of atoms or bonds within a compound that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reaction of that compound. The same functional group will behave in similar ways and undergo similar reactions regardless of the compound it is part of.
Alkoxy groups are functional groups based on oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen. A functional group is a chemical substituent attached to an organic backbone. It is a characteristic substituent of various molecules attached to an organic carbon skeleton.
To know more about alkoxy group click-
https://brainly.com/question/13175513
#SPJ1
The complete question is as follows:
consider the 2nd law of thermodynamics. for a spontaneous process, if the entropy change of the system is negative (system <0) what can we conclude about the entropy change of the surroundings (surroundings)?
A non-spontaneous process is one in which the overall entropy change is negative.
What use of thermodynamics can you find in daily life?Thermodynamic principles are used to optimize the performance of our houses' heating and cooling systems, other buildings' engines, and even the motor cars we drive.
How would you define entropy in plain English?The amount of thermal energy per unit of temperature in a system that is not accessible for doing beneficial work. The quantity of entropy is also a gauge of a system's molecular disorder, or unpredictability, since work is produced by organized molecular motion.
To know more about Thermodynamics visit:
https://brainly.com/question/1368306
#SPJ4
on the periodic table, what is a period? what characteristic is shared by elements in the same period?
A row containing chemical elements makes up a period inside the periodic table. The number electron shells is the same for every atom in a row. Every atom after it in an interval has one additional proton.
Which shells can hold the most electrons?
A maximum of two electrons with the opposite spin can fit in any orbital. A 1s orbital and two electrons are contained within the first shell. 8 electrons are located in the second shell, with 2 in a two electrons & 6 in three triplet state orbitals.
Has every shell got eight electrons?
The octet rule states that most biologically significant elements require 8 electrons in its outermost layer in order for it to survive.
To know more about electron shells visit:
https://brainly.com/question/24378707
#SPJ4
A scientist measures the standard enthalpy change for the following reaction to be -14.1 kJ: 3Fe2O3(s) + H2(g)2Fe3O4(s) + H2O(g) Based on this value and the standard enthalpies of formation for the other substances, the standard enthalpy of formation of H2O(g) is kJ/mol.
b. A scientist measures the standard enthalpy change for the following reaction to be -582.2 kJ : H2CO(g) + O2(g)CO2(g) + H2O(l) Based on this value and the standard enthalpies of formation for the other substances, the standard enthalpy of formation of CO2(g) is kJ/mol.
(a)The standard enthalpy of formation of H2O(g) is -249.3 kJ/mol
(b)The standard enthalpy of formation of CO2 is -187.25 kJ/mol
ΔHrxn = ΔHf(products) - ΔHf(reactants)
(a) Standard enthalpy of formation of the following is:-
Fe2O3(s) = -824 kJ/mol
H2(g) = 0 kJ/mol
Fe3O4(s) = -1118.4 kJ/mol
H2O(g)= Let it be x kJ/mol
Putting these values in the given equations, we get:-
-14.1 = [ 2(-1118.4) + 1(x) ] - [ 3(-824) + 1(0) ]
-14.1 = (-2236.8 + x) - (-2472)
-14.1 = -2236.8 + x + 2472
-14.1 = x + 235.2
x = -14.1- 235.2
x = -249.3
Hence, standard enthalpy of formation of H20(g) is -249.3 kJ/mol
(b) Standard enthalpy of formation of the following is:-
H2CO(g) = -109.15 kJ/mol
02(g) = 0
CO2(g) = Let it be x kJ/mol
H2O(l) = −285.8 kJ/mol
Putting these values in the given equations, we get:-
-582.2 = [ 1(x) + 1(−285.8) ] - [ 1(-109.15) + 1(0) ]
-582.2 = x −285.8 + 109.15
x = -582.2 + 285.8 + 109.15
x = -187.25
Hence, standard enthalpy of formation of CO2 is -187.25 kJ/mol
To know more about standard enthalpy of formation, click here:-
https://brainly.com/question/17508960#:~:text=Based%20on%20this%20reference%20for,a%20pressure%20of%201%20atm.&text=zoeclanders-,Answer%3A,formed%20from%20its%20component%20elements.
#SPJ4
which restriction to the use of the oed vortac would be applicable to the (gnats6.mourn) departure? a. r-295 beyond 35 nm below 8,500 feet. b. r-210 beyond 35 nm below 8,500 feet. c. r-265 within 15 nm below 9,000 feet.
The oed vortac would be applicable to the R-295 departure below 8,500 feet and beyond 35 nm.
What are the purposes of en route low altitude charts?Below 18,000 feet MSL, IFR Enroute Low Altitude Charts offer aeronautical data for navigation under instrument flight rules. This series of four-color charts consists of: Air Traffic Control. airports with a minimum 3000' hard surface runway or an instrument approach procedure.
What is the lowest height at which an autopilot may be engaged while traveling?The heights are above the runway touchdown zone elevation, runway elevation, or airport elevation, as appropriate, for takeoff, approach, and landing. (2) If the AFM does not specify a minimum engagement height, an autopilot may not be employed below 500'above the elevation of the departure airport.
To know more about oed vortac visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/28259194
#SPJ4
which reaction is occurring in the test tube
The reaction is occurring in the test tube is Redox reaction.
What is Redox reaction?
A chemical reaction known as an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction includes the exchange of electrons between two substances. Any chemical reaction in which the oxidation number of a molecule, atom, or ion changes by acquiring or losing an electron is referred to as an oxidation-reduction reaction.
Fluorine is in the oxidation state -1 in compounds.
In compounds, hydrogen typically has an oxidation state of +1.
In compounds, oxygen typically has an oxidation state of -2.
Group 17 elements, Group 16 elements, and Group 15 elements all have an oxidation state of -1 in binary metal complexes.
To learn more about redox reaction from the given link:
https://brainly.com/question/13293425
#SPJ4
Why can't the equilibrium constant (Kc) be negative?
The Equilibrium constant (Kc) cannot be negative as it is a ratio between the concentration of the reactant and the concentration of the product.
What is the Equilibrium constant (Kc)?For an arbitrary chemical reaction,
aA + bB ⇆ cC + dD
Kc = [Concentration of product] / [Concentration of reactant]
The equilibrium constant is defined as the ratio of product concentration to that of reactant concentration. It is measured in moles per liter. It is an important parameter for understanding chemical reactions in equilibrium.
To learn more about Equilibrium constant click here:
brainly.com/question/3159758
#SPJ4
15.14 briefly explain how each of the following influences the tensile modulus of a semicrystalline polymer and why: (a) molecular weight (b) degree of crystallinity (c) deformation by drawing (d) annealing of an undeformed material (e) annealing of a drawn material
A semicrystalline polymer's tensile modulus rises with molecular weight, crystallinity, drawing deformation, annealing of an undeformed material, and decreasing annealing of a drawn material.
What impact does drawing deformation have on the tensile strength of a semicrystalline polymer?Increased secondary bonding forces between molecules prevent molecules from moving and boost tensile strength. A semicrystalline polymer's tensile strength is thereby increased by drawing-induced deformation.
How does tensile modulus change as a result of drawing deformation?The tensile modulus is also increased by drawing-induced deformation. Drawing results in a highly orientated molecular structure and a high level of interchain secondary bonding.
To know more about semicrystalline visit:
https://brainly.com/question/28271394
#SPJ4
most fertilizers consist of nitrogen-containing compounds such as NH3,CaCN2,KNO3 and (NH4)2SO4. plants use the nitrogen content in these compounds for protein synthesis. calculate the mass percent composition of nitrogen in CaCN2
CaCN2 = 35%
To calculate the mass percent of element in a given compound, we use the formula:
[tex]\text { Mass percent of nitrogen }=\frac{\text { Mass of nitrogen }}{\text { Mass of } CaCN2}=\frac{28}{80} \times 100=35 \%[/tex]
What is the mass percent?A mass percent is a technique of or expressing a concentration or a factor in a combination. A degree could be manifested using the mass percent. The mass percentage of the solute consisted in a given mass of solution can be used to describe the solution composition.
What is solute?A solute is a matter that is dissolved in a mixture. A solute is called a substance. While preparing a solution, there are three factors involved: the solute, the diluent and the resulting solution. A solute is dissolved in a diluent, and one or more solvents or solutes form a solution.
To know more about the mass percent, visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/27574467
#SPJ4
hat are the properties of solids? check all that apply. what are the properties of solids?check all that apply. high densities in comparison to gases indefinite volume definite volume low densities in comparison to gases indefinite shape definite shape may be crystalline or amorphous equal densities in comparison to gases
A solid's volume can be determined. Solids are difficult to compress. Solids don't take on the shape of their container; instead, they have a distinct shape.
What characteristics do solids have?Structure stiffness and resistance to changes in volume or shape define solids. It is impossible for a solid object to flow into the shape of its container.
What are the solids' qualities, and which ones apply?Has a solid shape that can not shift readily and can change shape to fit a container is composed of ions and electrons that are in motion. is more easily squeezed than other states has particles that can move but not jiggle has particles with some degree of mobility will increase until it fully fills a closed container.
To know more about volume visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/13338592
#SPJ4
Why do you think that renewable sources of energy tend to be "cleaner" sources than fossil fuels
Answer: renewable sources are better for the planet.
Explanation:
renewable sources are better for the planet, because we can use them repeatedly and can be replenished. However, non-renewable is the opposite of renewable sources (fossil fuel)
identify the following compound. c5h10o: nmr: δ 9.8 (1h, s), δ 1.1 (9h, s)
The Nuclear magnetic resonance data provided in question tells that the molecule is 1-pentanol.
The compound described is likely 1-Pentanol, a simple alcohol with the chemical formula C5H10O. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum is provided indicates the presence of two types of protons, one with a chemical shift of 9.8 and the other with a chemical shift of 1.1. The "s" notation indicates that these protons are singlet peaks, which means that they are not split by any neighboring protons. The number of protons in each peak (1 and 9) is also consistent with the expected number of protons in a C5H10O molecule.
To know more about alcohol-
https://brainly.com/question/4698220
#SPJ4
Why is electromagnetic radiation a transverse wave?
Since the direction of particle displacement in electromagnetic waves is also perpendicular to the direction of motion, generating the waveform of visible light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation, they are also transverse waves.
In a transverse wave, the displacement is perpendicular to the direction of motion (at an angle of 90 degrees Celsius). The direction of displacement (up and down) in the case of the ocean wave is perpendicular to the direction of wave motion (horizontally along the water), making it a transverse wave.
How far a particle has moved from its original starting position, or, in the case of an ocean wave, how high or low the water is, is measured by its displacement or amplitude.
learn more about displacement here;
https://brainly.com/question/321442
#SPJ4
nuclear decay occurs according to first-order kinetics. scandium-43 decays with a rate constant of 0.178 days–1. after 15.0 days, a sample has a mass of 1.73 g. what was the original mass of the sample?
First-order kinetics governs how the sample's original mass of 25.0 g decays nuclearly.
What is nuclear decay, exactly?An unstable alpha particle emits subatomic particles on its own through a variety of processes known as radioactive decay. The parent nucleus is said to decay, resulting in the daughter nucleus.
What causes nuclear materials to decay?When there is a reduced nuclear configuration to which an atom can transition, the atom radioactively decays. An atom's true decay event takes place at random and is not brought on by aging or other changes over time.
to know more about nuclear decay visit:
https://brainly.com/question/12224278
#SPJ4
suppose 14.0 g of ice at -10.0c is placed into 300.0 g of water in a 200.0-g copper calorimeter. the final temperature of the water and copper calorimeter is 18.0c. 1) what was the initial common temperature of the water and copper? (express your answer to three significant figures.)
The initial common tempreture of the water and copper is 2.354.
What is energy?Energy is ability to do the work.
CSP technologies or to the CENTRAL RECEIVER SYSTEMS use mirrors to by the reflect and concentrate of sunlight onto a receiver. The energy from the concentrated sunlight heats a high temperature fluid in the receiver. This heat - also to the known as thermal energy - can be used to spin a turbine and the or power an engine to the generate electricity.
The solar energy is concentrated by to the heliostat field into the by the central receiver on the top of a tower and absorbed and to the of transferred as heat to the downstream system.
So answer is Doption.
To know more about energy click
-https://brainly.com/question/14427111
#SPJ1
Write a balanced equation for each of the following decomposition reactions: (a) Chromium(III) carbonate decomposes with heat to give solid chromium(III) oxide and carbon dioxide gas. (b) Lead(IV) carbonate decomposes with heat to give solid lead(IV) oxide and carbon dioxide gas.
For every one of the following breakdown reactions, a balanced equation H2O (l), Ni(HCO3)2, NiCO3, and CO2 (g).
Is a reaction a solution?A response is a movement, propensity, or action that is taken in the opposite direction from what is intended. Reactions are made on the spur of the moment, without much thought or consideration of the potential outcome. Response: Saying something in response to another person's action or comment.
What kinds of reactions are there?Synthesis, disintegration, mono, double-replacement, and combustion are the five fundamental types of chemical reactions. You can classify a reaction into one of these groups by looking at the reactants and products.
To know more about reactions visit:
https://brainly.com/question/28984750
#SPJ1
nitrogen-13 has a half-life of 10 minutes. how much of a 200 mg sample would remain after 30 minutes?
The Nitrogen-13 has a half-life of 10 minutes0.250 g of a 200 mg sample would remain after 30 minutes .
Calculation :
Determine the remaining mass of the substance,
mf if the initial mass is mi = 2.00 g. After 30 minutes, 30 minutes/10 minutes = 3 half-lives have passed, so the residual mass is reduced by a factor of i/2³. Calculate the residual mass of a substance using the formula, mf=mi×1/2³. We proceed with the solution.
mf=mi×1/2³
mf=2.00g/8
=0.250g
Half-life (symbol t½) is the time it takes for a (substance) quantity to reduce its original value by half. The term is often used in nuclear physics to describe how quickly unstable atoms radioactively decay or how long stable atoms survive.
The term is also used more generally to characterize any type of exponential (or rarely non-exponential) decay. For example, medicine is concerned with the biological half-life of drugs and other chemicals in the human body. The opposite of half-life (when growing exponentially) is doubling time.
Learn more about half-life here : https://brainly.com/question/1160651
#SPJ4
What state would water be at -74 degree Celsius?
Answer:
Below
Explanation:
The Celcius scale is defined by water's boiling and freezing points
boils at 100° C and freezes at 0 ° C
at MINUS 74 ° C it would be frozen...SOLID
At -74 degrees Celsius, water would be in a solid state, specifically as ice.
Water undergoes a phase transition from liquid to solid at its freezing point, which occurs at 0 degrees Celsius (32 degrees Fahrenheit) under normal atmospheric pressure. As the temperature drops below the freezing point, the water molecules lose energy, and their movement slows down. Eventually, the attractive forces between the water molecules become stronger than the kinetic energy they possess, leading to the formation of a regular crystalline structure.
At -74 degrees Celsius, the temperature is significantly below the freezing point of water, so the water molecules have lost a considerable amount of energy. As a result, the water molecules slow down even further, and the intermolecular forces hold them tightly in place, forming a solid state known as ice.
Ice is characterized by a specific arrangement of water molecules in a crystal lattice structure. It is less dense than liquid water, which is why ice floats on top of water bodies. At -74 degrees Celsius, water exists as a solid ice, and its molecular movement is limited to small vibrations within the rigid structure of the ice lattice.
To know more about phase transition here
https://brainly.com/question/29795670
#SPJ2
how many lone pairs are around the central atom? what is the ideal angle between the chlorine-oxygen bonds? compared to the ideal angle, you would expect the actual angle between the chlorine-oxygen bonds to be ...
One carbon atom and four oxygen atoms make up the negatively charged compound perchlorate. This molecule has four oxygen atoms covalently bound to the central chlorine atom, which is in the +7 oxidation state.
As a result, there are 4 bond pairs and no lone pairs on the central chlorine atom.
Therefore, the perchlorate ion possesses a tetrahedral geometry according to the VSEPR theory. The perchlorate ion's optimum bond angle is therefore 109.5°.
Perchlorate's real bond angle and ideal bond angle are nearly identical. This is because all of the chlorine-oxygen bonds in perchlorate are equal because it has been resonance stabilized.
To know more about perchlorate, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/1448663
#SPJ4
determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the positron emission of c-11 ? question 5 options: a) c-12 b) n-11 c) b-11 d) b-10 e) n-12
The identity of the daughter nuclide from the positron emission of c-11/6 is option c)11/5-b
What is beta decay?
In the radioactive decay process known as beta decay, a parent nucleus emits an electron (or positron). An electron and a neutron can separate from certain neutrons in the parent nucleus. The parent nucleus will emit an electron, followed by the production of a further proton, increasing the atomic number. In terms of nuclear physics, some elements in group A can form daughter nuclei of elements that are next to them in the periodic table. Let's call it B in this situation.:
NZA→ 0−1e+NZ+1BZNA→ −10e+Z+1NB
where:Z is the atomic number,N is the mass number
If the emission is a positron, then the process is:
NZA→ 0+1e+NZ−1BZNA→ +10e+Z−1NB
So from the following equation we learn
11(top) 6(bottom) C ---> 0(top) 1(bottom) e + 11(top) 5(bottom) B
Therefore the identity of the daughter nuclide from the positron emission of c-11/6 is option c)11/5-b
To know more about beta decay from the given link
https://brainly.com/question/13174032
#SPJ4
