Validity refers to the logical structure of an argument, while soundness takes into account both the logical structure and the truth of the premises.
An argument can be valid but not sound.
Validity is a measure of the logical structure of an argument. It determines whether the conclusion follows logically from the premises. An argument is valid if the conclusion necessarily follows from the premises, regardless of the truth or falsity of the statements involved. In other words, if the premises were true, the conclusion would have to be true as well. Validity is concerned with the internal consistency and coherence of the argument.
Soundness, on the other hand, not only considers the logical structure but also takes into account the truth or falsity of the premises. An argument is sound if it is valid and all of its premises are true. Soundness requires both logical validity and the truth of the premises, ensuring that the conclusion is not only logically derived but also based on accurate information or claims.
An argument that is valid but not sound can establish its conclusion to be true in a hypothetical sense. It means that if the premises were true, the conclusion would also be true. However, because at least one premise is false, the argument lacks soundness, and we cannot accept the conclusion as necessarily true.
An argument that is not valid cannot have a true conclusion. The lack of validity means that the conclusion does not logically follow from the premises. Even if the conclusion happens to be true in reality, it is not established by the flawed reasoning of the argument. The truth of the conclusion would be a matter of coincidence rather than a result of logical deduction.
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speech about the characteres in my class
Answer:
good luck with the characters
Read the scenario and answer the question. Susanna is deaf and wants to attend a school in which she is exposed to both hearing and Deaf culture. Based on what you learned, what could she benefit from? O A residential program OA Bi-Bi educational program O An oral program OA mainstream program
Answer:
OA" (and any subsequent words) was ignored because we limit queries to 32 words.
Answer:
Bi-Bi
Explanation:
Mental Rotation CogLab
Every day, we have to map, orient around, and recognize objects in our environment quickly and efficiently. When asked to recognize objects that have been rotated from the normal or usual view, our reaction time increases with the angle of rotation. This suggests that it takes time to mentally rotate an image and implies that mental images are much like real images, inferring an analog mental representation code. This experiment allows you to get hands-on experience with the concept of mental rotation.
Question: Why do you think would individuals who are fluent in American Sign Language have lower reaction times in this experiment, even when the shapes are rotated?
Individuals who are fluent in American Sign Language may have lower reaction times in the mental rotation experiment because sign language utilizes spatial processing skills, which are also involved in mental rotation tasks.
When individuals learn and use American Sign Language (ASL), they develop strong spatial processing skills as they rely on the visual-spatial aspects of signing. ASL incorporates specific handshapes, movements, and spatial locations to convey meaning. This constant engagement with spatial information enhances individuals' ability to mentally manipulate and rotate objects in their minds.
In the mental rotation experiment, participants are asked to recognize objects that have been rotated from their normal view. Mental rotation involves mentally transforming an object's orientation to match the target orientation. Since individuals fluent in ASL already possess well-developed spatial processing skills, they are likely to have a more efficient mental rotation process.
The ability to mentally rotate objects quickly and accurately can be seen as a transferable skill from using sign language. When fluent ASL users encounter rotated shapes, they can leverage their spatial processing skills to mentally rotate the object more swiftly and accurately than those without this experience. As a result, their reaction times in the experiment are lower compared to individuals who are not fluent in ASL.
In summary, the lower reaction times exhibited by individuals fluent in American Sign Language during the mental rotation experiment can be attributed to their enhanced spatial processing skills, which they develop through the constant engagement with spatial information in sign language communication.
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"Create a bibliography or "reference page" (as a word document) with the sources from questions 1-4. Make sure that you follow formatting for an APA reference page.
1. Find one book that deals with some aspect of public speaking. Provide a full APA citation for that book (remember that the second line of any citation is indented).
2. Find a credible website that deals with some aspect of public speaking. Write an APA citation for the website.
3. Find an article in a scholarly journal (it can be any article; it does not have to be related to the class). You will likely have to use a library database to access the journal. Provide a full APA citation of the article.
4. Find an article in a newspaper (it can be any newspaper, including today’s). Write an APA citation for this article."
Creating a bibliography or reference page in APA format involves providing full citations for the sources used. Here are the citations for the four requested sources:
1. Book:
AuthorLastName, AuthorFirstNameInitial. (Year). Title of book. Publisher.
Example:
Smith, J. R. (2019). The Art of Public Speaking. Random House.
2. Website:
AuthorLastName, AuthorFirstNameInitial. (Year). Title of webpage/document. Site Name. Retrieved from URL
Example:
Johnson, S. A. (2022). Effective Public Speaking Tips. Public Speaking Resources. Retrieved from https://www.publicspeakingresources.com/effective-tips.html
3. Scholarly Journal Article:
AuthorLastName, AuthorFirstNameInitial. (Year). Title of article. Journal Title, Volume(Issue), Page range. DOI or URL if available.
Example:
Miller, C. D. (2021). The Impact of Nonverbal Communication on Public Speaking. Journal of Communication Studies, 42(3), 215-230. doi:10.xxxx/xxxxxx
4. Newspaper Article:
AuthorLastName, AuthorFirstNameInitial. (Year, Month Day). Title of article. Newspaper Title. Retrieved from URL
Example:
Johnson, M. (2023, June 14). Public Speaking Skills in the Digital Age. The Daily Gazette. Retrieved from https://www.dailygazette.com/article/12345/public-speaking-digital-age
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"Signification is a way of saying something on two different levels at once. It is often used to send a message of social critique, a bit of social commentary on the action or statements of someone who is in need of a wake-up call".
Select one:
a.
Geneva Smitherman, "Black Language and the Education of Black Children: One Mo Once"
b.
James Crawford, "The Proposition 227 Campaign: A Post Mortem"
c.
John R. Rickford, "Using the Vernacular to Teach the Standard"
d.
Subira Kifano and Ernie A. Smith, "Ebonics and Education in the Context of Culture: Meeting the Language and Cultural Needs of LEP African American Students."
The answer to the given question is: c. John R. Rickford, "Using the Vernacular to Teach the Standard."
John R. Rickford's work, "Using the Vernacular to Teach the Standard," discusses the concept of signification and its role in social critique. Signification refers to a communication technique where a message is conveyed on multiple levels simultaneously. It allows for the expression of social commentary by highlighting the actions or statements of individuals who need to be awakened to certain realities.
In the context of education, Rickford explores the use of vernacular language, such as African American English (AAE), to teach standard English. By employing signification, Rickford argues that educators can address the language and cultural needs of African American students while also critiquing the social biases and prejudices that exist within the education system.
Rickford's approach challenges the traditional notion of language hierarchy, which often devalues non-standard varieties. He suggests that incorporating the vernacular as a bridge to standard English can empower students and foster a sense of identity and pride in their linguistic heritage. Moreover, this approach serves as a wake-up call to the education system, urging it to recognize and address the cultural and linguistic diversity of its students.
Overall, John R. Rickford's work on using the vernacular to teach the standard exemplifies the concept of signification as a powerful tool for social critique and commentary within the realm of education.
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बस का चित्र बनाकर, बस यात्रा का अनुभव बताते हुए एक रोिक अनुच्छेद लिखिए।
बस यात्रा का अनुभव
मैंने हाल ही में एक बस यात्रा की गई और वह मुझे बहुत ही यादगार और मजेदार लगी। इसलिए, मैं इस अनुच्छेद के माध्यम से अपने बस यात्रा के अनुभव को साझा करना चाहता हूँ।
मैंने बस यात्रा का आयोजन अपने परिवार के साथ किया था। हम सभी ने समय पर बस स्टैंड पर पहुंचकर अपनी यात्रा शुरू की। जैसे ही हमने बस में प्रवेश किया, हमारे आस-पास एक आदर्श दृश्य था। बस के भीतर कंफर्टेबल सीटें थीं और बस की सुविधाओं ने हमें प्रभावित कर दिया।
यात्रा के दौरान, मैंने खिड़कियों से बाहर की दुनिया का आनंद लिया। रास्ते पर देखने को कई मनोहारी दृश्य थे। आसपास की प्रकृति का दृश्य मेरे मन को शांति और प्रसन्नता से भर दिया।
बस यात्रा के दौरान, मैंने भी नए लोगों से मिलने का अवसर पाया। हमने बातचीत की और अपने अनुभवों को साझा किया। यह यात्रा मुझे अपनी सामरिकता को बढ़ाने और सामाजिक संपर्क को मजबूत करने का अवसर
There is no single proven method for learning a second language successfully.
A. True
B. False
True. There is no single proven method for learning a second language successfully.
The learning of a second languageThe statement is true because there is no one-size-fits-all approach or universally proven method for learning a second language successfully. Language learning is a complex process influenced by various factors such as individual learning styles, motivation, exposure to the language, prior language learning experience, cultural immersion, and many other variables.
Different individuals may find success using different methods or techniques based on their unique learning preferences and circumstances. Some people may benefit from formal classroom instruction, while others may prefer self-study through online resources or immersive language programs.
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When an adult who is learning a second language (L2) makes a grammatical error in the L2, all such errors can be attributed to features in their first language.
A. True
B. False
The statement "When an adult who is learning a second language (L2) makes a grammatical error in the L2, all such errors can be attributed to features in their first language" is false because, in second language learning, it is likely that errors will be produced by learners.
An adult's grammatical errors in the second language, L2, can not be attributed solely to characteristics of their first language, L1. As learners progress in acquiring L2, their L1 characteristics have an impact on their L2 competence. It's also important to note that the impact of L1 varies across L2 learners, and it's influenced by factors such as learner characteristics, the characteristics of the L2 they are learning, and their learning context.
The learner's second language may be influenced by many other factors such as the context of acquisition, level of proficiency, amount of exposure, and the influence of social factors. Also, factors such as learning strategies, motivation, and learning styles can be important in L2 development.
Therefore, it's incorrect to assume that all errors in L2 can be attributed to L1 features.
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unseen poetry in literature
Answer:Apply The Eye Test, The Acid Test, The Lie Detector Test to an unseen poem – Simon Armitage’s advice still holds good!’. Details here. We’ve also spotted this fantastic free resource for A-Level students and teachers on FutureLearn, run by the University of Reading. It’s a two-week course that will help you break down a poem,
Explanation:
(ASL) Oscar is interested in the announcement. Which could be most useful when applying for the volunteer opportunity?
He uses recurring time signs to sign that he babysits every Tuesday.
He furrows his eyebrows to ask where the school is located.
He signs that his friend volunteers at a soup kitchen and enjoys it.
He uses rhetorical questions to clarify that he grew up on an animal farm.
The most useful sign for Oscar would be "He signs that his friend volunteers at a soup kitchen and enjoys it."
- Because this sign shows that Oscar has knowledge of what volunteering entails and that he has experience through his friend. It also shows that he has an interest in volunteering and that he knows someone who can possibly recommend him. This information could be helpful when applying for the volunteer opportunity as it demonstrates his background and interest in volunteering.
the first one is the right one
Which language has been successfully revived as a result of immersion programs?
Group of answer choices
Yiddish
Dutch
Arapaho
Scots Gaelic
Hawaiian
The language which has most successfully revived as result of immersion program Is Hawaiian.
Hawaiian has been successfully revived as a result of immersion programs. These programs have played a crucial role in revitalizing the language and reversing its decline.
Hawaiian, an indigenous Polynesian language, faced a significant decline in the 20th century due to colonization and the imposition of English. However, since the 1980s, immersion programs have been implemented to create an immersive environment where students are taught various subjects, including mathematics, science, and history, entirely in the Hawaiian language. This approach has been highly effective in revitalizing the language and fostering its everyday use.
By creating an environment where Hawaiian is the primary means of communication, immersion programs enable students to develop fluency and proficiency in the language. Children who grow up in these programs become bilingual, being able to speak, read, and write in Hawaiian while also mastering English. The success of these programs has been seen in the increasing number of Hawaiian language speakers, both among the younger generation and adults.
The revival of the Hawaiian language through immersion programs has not only preserved cultural heritage but also provided a sense of identity and pride for the Hawaiian people. It has allowed for the transmission of traditional knowledge, customs, and stories that are deeply rooted in the language. The revitalization efforts have been supported by community organizations, schools, and government initiatives, highlighting the collaborative nature of this revival.
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