Please help!!
(this is Rutherford's Black box experiment and atoms)
- please answer all the questions in full sentences :D
- do not answer "i'm not sure" on here.
1) Suppose the marble usually rolled right to the end of the box without bouncing off anything, what would this tell you about the size of the targets?
2) What conclusions did Rutherford draw from his data and how did the data change the model of the atom?
3) Niels Bohr was a student of Rutherford, Bohr's work went on to modify the atomic model even more. What changes did Bohr make to advance our understanding of the atom?
Answers
1) Suppose the marble usually rolled right to the end of the box without bouncing off anything, what would this tell you about the size of the targets?
That the target is very small, they do not take up much space in the box. The target represents the gold nuclei in the Rutherford experiment, and thus is relatively small.
2.) What conclusions did Rutherford draw from his data and how did the data change the model of the atom?
A large majority of the alpha particles went through the gold foil, but some got deflected back. At the time, it was presumed that an atom was a sphere with the same charge all around. If some but not all the particles were being reflected back, this meant that the positive charge in the atom must be very concentrated- ie. in the center known as a nucleus. This changed the atomic model from the plum pudding model (negative electrons among large positive sphere) to the nuclear model (Mass of atom is in the nucleus with electrons orbiting around). (As in image below)
3) Niels Bohr was a student of Rutherford, Bohr's work went on to modify the atomic model even more. What changes did Bohr make to advance our understanding of the atom?
Instead of random orbits that Rutherford predicted, Bohr proposed specific atomic orbitals. He explained that there are orbital levels around the nucleus and that this is where electrons are. He said that electrons can move up energy levels by adding energy, and move down by releasing energy. These orbitals are what is shown in the Bohr Model.
Hope this helps!
Related Questions
This carbocation rearranges. Draw the carbocation that is the result of the rearrangement. Include any nonzero formal charges in your drawing.
Answers
Carbocation rearrangements can be defined “as the movement of the carbocation from an unstable state to a more stable state by making use of different structural reorganizational shifts within the molecule”. Alkyl carbocation is a carbocation comprising an alkyl group.
Carbocation Rearrangement occurs whenever the alcohols are converted into several carbocations and this phenomenon is termed as carbocation rearrangement. In simple carbocation comprises +ve charge in a molecule that is connected to 3 more groups and holds a sextet. Carbocation rearrangement can be carried out to a reaction that does not involve alcohol. There are 2 types of carbocation rearrangements namely Alkyl and Hybrid Shift.
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100.0 ml of a 0.840 m solution of kbr is diluted to 500.0 ml. what is the new concentration of the solution?
Answers
The concentration of the KBr solution is 0.168 M.
What is molarity?
The quantity of a substance in a given volume of solution is known as its molarity (M). The number of moles of a solute each liter of a solution is known as molarity. The molar concentration of a solution is another term for molarity.
Explanation:
M1V1 = M2V2,
where M1 is the initial concentration,
V1 is the initial volume,
M2 is the concentration,
V2 is the total final volume.
Have to find the initial and final volume of the solution,
V1=100/1000=0.1
V2=500/1000=0.5
By rearranging the above equation, we get
M2=M1V1/V2
=0.840 x 0.1/0.5=0.168 M.
Therefore, the concentration of the KBr solution is 0.168 M.
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Can yall help me with this
Answers
Answer:
A.
Explanation:
A probe was sent to record the event
alculate the number of moles of argon gas contained in a 4.00 l container at 1620. kpa and 25.0 oc. if the gas is helium instead of argon, will the answer change? explain 2.62 moles
Answers
The number of moles of argon gas contained in a 4.00 l container at 1620. kpa and 25.0 °C. if the gas is helium instead of argon, the number mole did not change because number of moles is independent of the type of gas.
given that :
volume of gas = 4.00 L
pressure of gas = 1620 kpa = 15.9 atm
temperature = 273 + 25 = 298 K
R is gas constant = 0.082 L atm K / mol
according to ideal gas equation :
P V = nRT
n = P V / RT
= (15.9 × 4 ) / 0.082 × 298
= 63.6 / 24.4
= 2.6 mol
it is clear from the above equation the moles is independent of type of gas.
Thus, The number of moles of argon gas contained in a 4.00 l container at 1620. kpa and 25.0 °C. if the gas is helium instead of argon, the number mole did not change because number of moles is independent of the type of gas.
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a student performing the qual group 1 and 2 unknown analysis did not have any precipitate remaining after step 1-a. what steps should the student omit from the procedure? explain your answer.
Answers
In qualitative analysis, the student should omit the steps 1B-1E which leads us to omitting steps which involves the presence of Pb and Ag.
What is qualitative analysis?
In qualitative analysis, information that is non-numerical about a chemical species, a reaction, etc. are determined. Qualitative analysis is not a reliable analysis but it often easier, faster and is a lot cheaper to perform that the quantitative analysis. Qualitative Analysis deals with the grouping or identification of elements present in the sample. It is a standard procedure to classify the methods in two classes and those are qualitative inorganic analysis and qualitative organic analysis.
Hence, In qualitative analysis if there is no precipitate, student should omit the step 1B-1E.
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The student should omit steps 1B through 1E, which leads us to omit steps involving the presence of Pb and Ag, when performing a qualitative analysis.
What is qualitative analysis?
Qualitative analysis is used to determine non-numerical information about a chemical species, a reaction, etc. Although qualitative analysis is less accurate than quantitative analysis, it is frequently quicker, simpler, and much less expensive to conduct. The grouping as well as identification of elements found in the sample is the focus of qualitative analysis. The methods are typically divided into two categories: qualitative inorganic analysis as well as qualitative organic analysis.
Hence, In qualitative analysis if there is no precipitate, student should omit the step 1B-1E.
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What is the formula unit for the ionic bond between Sodium (Na) and Phosphorus (P)?
Na P
Answers
The ionic bond between Na and P has formula unit Na3P.
What is the formula unit?
Formula units is the chemical formula which gives all the ions present in the lowest ratio possible to make it neutral charge of an ionic compound. For example, the formula unit for sodium chloride can be written as NaCl where charge on Na is +1 and charge on Cl is -1. So to make it neutral they can be cancelled and written as NaCl.
In sodium phosphide, the charge on Na (sodium) ion is +1 and the charge on the P (phosphorous) ion is -3. Therefore, make the charges neutral, 3 Na ions need to be added to 1 P ion. Formula units can be used to describe or represent the molecules or the elements which make up a substance.
Hence, Na3P is the formula unit of Na and P in sodium phosphide.
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Find the coordinates of the midpoint of the segment given it's endpoints (-3, 7) and (3,-5)
Answers
Answer:
(0,1)
Explanation:
Endpoints (-3, 7) and (3,-5)
The midpoints will be the average of the x and y coordinates:
Midpoint for x = (-3+3)/2 = 0
Midpoint for y = (7-5)/2 = 1
(0,1)
A sample of gas has a volume of 5.0 L and a pressure of 2.92 atm. If the final volume is 5.7 L, what is the final pressure of the gas?
Show your work in the work space below.
Hint: Use the equation for Boyle's Law
Answers
(2.92)(5)=P2(5.7)
14.6=P2(5.7)
P2=2.56atm
if a non-diabetic person ingests carbon in the form of sugar, how is that carbon likely to be released from their body?
Answers
If a non-diabetic person ingests carbon in the form of sugar than carbon is likely to be released from their body in the form of CO₂.
The pancreas releases glucagon while the awareness of glucose inside the bloodstream falls too low. Glucagon causes the liver to transform stored glycogen (the multibranched polysaccharide of glucose in frame storage) into glucose, which is released into the bloodstream.
The absorption price of fructose alone from the small gut is slower than that of glucose. this is partially due to the differences in the absorption manner between the two monosaccharides. Glucose is absorbed from the intestine into the plasma thru more than one active glucose co-transporter protein.
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Which of the following elements will NOT form
an ion with a -1 charge?
A)Lithium
B)Fluorine
C)Iodine
D)Chlorine
Answers
Answer:
Fluorine does not form an ion with a charge of 1+.
If the balloon had a volume of 33000 L , how many kilograms of hydrogen were needed to fill the balloon at STP?
Answers
If a balloon has a volume of 33000 L, the amount of hydrogen that would be needed to fill will be 29.46 kg.
Volume of gas at STPAt standard temperature and pressure, 1 mole of any gas is equivalent to 22.4 L of the gas.
The capacity of the balloon is 33000 L. The number of moles of hydrogen gas that will fill the balloon can be calculated using dimensional analysis as follows:
1 mole = 22.4 L
33000 L = 1 x 33000/22.4
= 1473.21 moles
This means that 1473.21 moles of hydrogen will be required to fill the balloon.
Recall that: mole = mass/molar mass
Hence: mass = mole x molar mass
Molar mass of hydrogen gas = (1+1)
= 2 g/mol
We can then use the above formula to calculate the mass of 1473.21 moles of hydrogen.
mass of 1473.21 moles hydrogen = 1473.21 x 2
= 2946.43 grams
2946.43 grams to kg = 2946.43/1000
= 29.46 kg
In other words, if a balloon has a capacity of 33000 L, the amount of hydrogen that would be required to fill it will be 29.46 kg.
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a noble gas has a density of 1.78 g/l at stp. what is the identity of the gas? enter the elemental symbol of the gas.
Answers
The gas after the calculation has a molar mass of 39.95g/mol which is that of Argon. The elemental symbol of gas is Ar.
We know that 1 mol of gas has 22.4L of any gas at STP.
Given in the question is the density of the gas 1.78g/l at STP.
Hence the mass of 22.4 L of the elemental gas at STP is its molar mass.
Hence molar mass
=22.4 l/mol × 1.7824 g/L
= 39.925g/mol
These gases are called noble gases because they are majestic in nature, which means they dont react with anything in general.
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under standard conditions, what is the pressure of the carbon dioxide and the ph of the water? at 1 atm
Answers
ph = 1.5E.8 and pressure = 44.64 kj/mol of carbon dioxide.
Pressure is defined as the force perpendicular to an object's surface divided by the area across which it is dispersed.
Overpressure is the pressure that exists in comparison to the atmospheric pressure. To express pressure, various units are employed. Manometer, differential, and absolute pressure measurements are the three methods available.
Absolute pressure is defined in terms of vacuum pressure. l. Water's pH level reveals how basic or acidic it is. 7 serves as a neutral value in the range of 0 to 14, with. A pH value more than 7 indicates basicness, and a pH value less than 7 indicates acidity. In actuality, the pH scale gauges the percentage of free hydrogen and
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Calculate the potential energy of a statue with a mass of 20 kg while sitting on a table that is 2 m high
Answers
Answer:
392.4 J
Explanation:
Potential Energy = m g h = 20 * 9.81 * 2 = 392.4 J
how many grams of ammonia must you start with to make 10,000. l of a 0.7500 m aqueous solution of nitric acid? assume all the reactions give 100% yield.
Answers
we need these set of reactions that goes from ammonia to nitric acid.
1) 4NH3(g)+5O2(g)-->4NO(g)+6H2O(g)
2) 2NO(g)+O2(g)-->2NO2(g)
3) 3NO2(g)+H2O(l)-->2HNO3(aq)+NO(g)
State the ratio of moles of HNO3 to NH3:
4 moles of NH3 produce 4 moles of NO,
4 moles of NO produce 4 moles of NO2
4 moles of NO2 produce 4 * (2 / 3) moles of HNO3 = 8/3 moles of HNO3.
=> (8/3) moles HNO3 : 4 moles NH3
Calculate the number of moles of HNO3 in 10000 l of 0.7500 M solution
M = n / V => n = M * V = 0.7500 M * 10000 liter = 7500 moles HNO3
Use proportions:
(8/3) moles HNO3 / 4 moles NH3 = 126 moles HNO3 / x
=> x = 7500 moles HNO3 * 4 moles NH3 / (8/3 moles HNO3) = 11279 moles NH3
Convert moles to grams:
molar mass NH3 = 14 g/mol + 3 * 1g/mol = 17 g/mol
mass in grams = number of moles * molar mass = 11279 moles * 17 g/mol = 191743 g
Answer: 191743 g.
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will your body be able to function without your skeleton system
Answers
Bond length. Need help solving with explanation I can understand please
Answers
The bond length or separation between the two nuclei of X in a molecule of X2A with elemental bond length of 2.22A and 4.28A is 6.5A.
What is bond length?
The bond length or bond distance can be defined as the average distance between the nuclei of the bonded atoms in the given molecule. If it is a polyatomic molecule the bond distance can be calculated by adding the atomic radius of all the atoms involved in bonding.
The separation or bond length of the molecule X2A can be calculated as,
The bond length of elemental A = 2.22A
The atomic radius of A = 2.22 / 2 = 1.11A
The bond of elemental X = 4.28A
The atomic radius of X = 4.28 / 2 = 2.14A
The bond length of molecule X2A = (2.14 + 1.11) x 2 = 6.5A.
Therefore, the bond length or separation between the atoms X in the given molecule is 6.5A.
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how to check if the rain is acidic
Answers
Answer:
By collecting the rainwater carefully without allowing for any contamination one can then determine by an instrument known as a pH meter the acidity of the solution.
Explanation:
a balloon is partially inflated with 5.00 l of helium at sea level where the atmospheric pressure is 1.00 atm. the balloon ascends to an altitude of 1600 m where the pressure is 0.83 atm. a) what is the volume of the balloon at the higher altitude if the temperature of the helium does not change during the ascent? b) what is the percent increase in volume?
Answers
[tex]P 1 V 1 = P 2 V 2[/tex] ..we get [tex]V 2 = 6 . L[/tex] Explanation: [tex]V 2 = P 1 V 1 /P 2[/tex] = [tex]992 X 5.15 /857[/tex] mbar
what is volume and pressure?
Decreasing the volume of a contained gas will increase its pressure, and increasing its volume will decrease its pressure. In fact, if the volume increases by a certain factor, the pressure decreases by the same factor, and vice versa.The relation between volume V pressure P and absolute temperature T of an ideal gas is PV = xT where x is a constant.Boyle found that when the pressure of gas at a constant temperature is increased, the volume of the gas decreases. when the pressure of gas is decreased, the volume increases. this relationship between pressure and volume is called Boyle's law.The equations describing these laws are special cases of the ideal gas law, PV = nRT, where P is the pressure of the gas, V is its volume, n is the number of moles of the gas, T is its kelvin temperature, and R is the ideal (universal) gas constant.Boyle's law is a gas law that states that a gas's pressure and volume are inversely proportional. When the temperature is kept constant, as volume increases, pressure falls and vice versa.The reduction in the volume of the gas means that the molecules are striking the walls more often increasing the pressure, and conversely if the volume increases the distance the molecules must travel to strike the walls increases and they hit the walls less often thus decreasing the pressure.The principal effect of high pressure, observed in all materials, is a reduction in volume and a corresponding shortening of mean interatomic distances.to know more about volume and pressure follow
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A gas at 65.0°C occupies 4.22 L. If the pressure remains the same, at which
Celsius temperature will the volume be 3.87 L?
Answers
A gas at 65.0°C occupies 4.22 L. If the pressure remains the same, at which Celsius temperature will the volume be 3.87 L out to be 310 degrees
You can leave the pressure out of both sides of the equation since the pressure is constant to make it easy.
so all you have is volume over Temp = new volume over new temp which is we don't know.
4.22 liters over 338 Kelvin = 3.87 liters over T
cross multiply and solve for T which comes out to be 310 degrees K or 37 degrees C
Yes you are right it is 310
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It is necessary in certain types of experiments to begin by heating a crucible to constant mass. Identify the steps in this process.
Answers
Certain types of experiments must begin by heating a crucible to constant mass. The steps in this process are stated below:
Crucible is heated using a Bunsen burner for several minutes.The crucible is allowed to cool down.The mass of the crucible is being measured.Steps 1 to 3 is being repeated as much as needed to obtain a constant value.What is the purpose of heating a crucible?Heating a crucible is very crucial to maintain the measurement as thoroughly as possible. The porcelain crucibles are hygroscopic as they absorb weighable moisture from the air. We could get rid of moisture as much as possible by heating it.
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What type of reaction occurs when the oxidation numbers of two or more atoms change?.
Answers
The type of reaction which occurs when the oxidation numbers of 2 or more atoms change is an oxidation-reduction{redox} reaction.
A redox (redox) reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which electrons are transferred between two species redox reaction is a chemical reaction in which the oxidation number of a molecule, atom, or ion changes by gaining or losing an electron.
There are 2 classes of redox reactions which are:
electron transfer where electrons flow from the reducing agent to the oxidant
atom transfer atom transfers an atom from one substrate to another
There are different types of redox reactions which are:
decomposition reaction combination reactiondisplacement reaction disproportionation reactions.To learn more about redox reactions see:
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which hydrogen atoms would show a signal with a chemical shift between 4.5 and 6.5? there is only one correct choice.
Answers
The hydrogen atoms would show a signal with a chemical shift between 4.5 and 6.5 is the methyl group
A small molecule consists of one carbon atom and three hydrogen atoms. Methyl groups are attached to or extracted from proteins or nucleic acids and can change the way these molecules function in the body. Stable. Functional groups generally do not react except in the presence of very strong acids or bases.
Despite this stable structure, methyl groups can become trapped in a process known as 'methylation' where the entire functional group is transferred to another molecule. Epigenetics, gene expression, liver detoxification, and neurotransmitter synthesis all rely on this enzyme-mediated response.
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What causes the Moon to be illuminated?
Answers
Answer:
The moon reflects the light from the sun
Explanation:
Answer:
it reflects light from the sun
Explanation:
Draw the major product formed when hbr reacts with the epoxide. Use wedge–dash bonds, including hydrogen atoms at each stereogenic center, to show the stereochemistry of the product.
Answers
An generally pro of HBr results in a molecule called halohydrin in this process. The oxygen carrier in the epoxide will be protonated by the hydrogen, and then the bromide ion will attack the more.
What is stereochemistry and examples?Stereochemistry is the study of a material's four structural elements. The location of the particle's electrons in 3 dimensions is the only structural distinction between the enantiomers known as cis and trans isomers. There may be differences in the physicochemical characteristics of these stereoisomers.
What does stereochemistry provide as a means of?Chemists can determine the connections between several molecules consisting of the same atoms by using stereochemistry. They can also research how these linkages affect the physical and biological characteristics that molecules possess.
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in the reaction catalyzed by aconitase, the conversion of citrate to isocitrate is inhibited by fluoroacetate. fluoroacetate is used as a pesticide. why is this an effective pesticide?
Answers
In the reaction catalyzed by aconitase, the conversion of citrate to isocitrate is inhibited by fluoroacetate fluoroacetate is used as a pesticide this an effective pesticide because it inhibit the Krebs cycle
Aconitase catalyzes the reversible isomerization of citrate and isocitrate and it is the second enzyme in the citric acid cycle and which is a series of enzymes catalyst chemical reaction that is crucial to aerobic cellular respiration and the production of ATP and citrate is isomerized by dehydration and rehydration to isocitrate and fluoroacetate is the highly toxic towards the human and other mammals through inhibition of the enzyme aconitase in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and that's why fluoroacetate effective pesticide because it inhibit the Krebs cycle
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How to do this??
Ty for your help if you help!
Answers
Answer:
each element gains one proton as you move from left to right across a period, atomic number is the number of protons
careful not to confuse it with the mass number which is the number of protons and neutrons.
also remember that in any given element, the proton number is always equal to electron number as they have opposite charges that cancel off, this is why elements are neutral.
When 200.0 g water goes from a temperature 10.0°C to 40.0 °C, is heat absorbed or released? Calculate the amount of heat absorbed/released.
Answers
1. Heat energy is absorbed
2. The amount of heat absorbed is 25104 J
1. How do I know if heat is absorbed or released?
From the question given, we can see that the temperature of the water moved from 10.0°C to 40.0 °C. This simply means the water absorbed heat to increase its temperature.
2. How do I determine the heat absorbed?
The heat absorbed can be obtained as follow:
Mass of water (M) = 200 gInitial temperature (T₁) = 10 °CFinal temperature (T₂) = 40.0 °CChange in temperature (ΔT) = 40 – 10 = 30 °CSpecific heat capacity of water (C) = 4.184 J/gºC Heat absorbed (Q) =?Q = MCΔT
Q = 200 × 4.184 × 30
Q = 25104 J
Thus, the heat absorbed is 25104 J
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Use the equation below to answer the following question. How many grams of hydrogen are necessary to
react completely with 50.0 g of nitrogen in the reaction of the formation of ammonia?
N₂ + 3H2 → 2NH3
O 10.8 g H₂
O
15.0 g H₂
O
20.1 g H₂
O 41.2 g H₂
DONE
Answers
The mass of hydrogen necessary to react with 50.0g of nitrogen in the reaction of ammonia is 10.8g.
What is ammonia?
Ammonia is a colorless gas which when dissolved in water readily gives ammonium hydroxide which causes irritation. It can also be used as cleaning agent also it is a pungent gas composed of hydrogen and nitrogen.
According to the given equation of ammonia formation,
N2 + 3H2 -------> 2NH3
there is 1 mole of nitrogen reacting with 3 moles of hydrogen to give 2 moles of ammonia. In terms of mass, 28.01g of nitrogen needs 3 moles of hydrogen that is 6.048g of hydrogen.
We can say that,
28.01g of N2 requires 6.048g of hydrogen,
1g of N2 requires = 6.048 / 28.01 = 0.048g
50g of N2 requires = 0.048 x 50.0 = 10.8g of H2.
Therefore, 10.8g of H2 is required to react with 50.0 g of N2 to make ammonia.
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Answer:
its a
Explanation:
10.8 g H2
what type of mining involves boring a hole underground to the target substance, dissolving it into a liquid, then sucking it out. sodium chloride (salt) can be mined this way.
Answers
In block caving mining, the desired material is located underground, dissolved into a liquid, and then extracted. This is one method of mining sodium chloride, or salt.
Drilling holes beneath the ore body and utilizing designed blasts to disintegrate the ore and rocks are all part of block caving mining. Then, with the aid of gravity, the mixture of rocks and ore is carried for processing. Once the production from open-pit mining becomes unprofitable, block caving mining frequently occurs. Is called block caving mining
Salt Chloride (sodium chloride), The ratio of the sodium and chloride ions in sodium chloride is exactly one to one. It is frequently referred to as table salt, common salt, or halite (the mineral form of common salt).
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