pls help ive been stuck on this question for a while im not good with chemistry lol.

Answer:

The correct options are a, b and d

Explanation:

A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction by reducing the activation energy. Le Catelier's  principle explains how a substance or an "action" can affect a reaction in equilibrium.

The principle states that when a change is made to the conditions of a reacting system at equilibrium, the position of the equilibrium moves to counteract the change made. These changes are change in temperature, pressure, volume and/or concentration. These changes will either cause the equilibrium to shift forward or backward.

However, the presence of a catalyst DOES NOT affect a chemical equilibrium/equilibrium constant nor does it affect the reaction quotient because the same amount of reactants and products are available just as in uncatalyzed reaction except that the reaction proceeds faster (which does not affect equilibrium).

The rate of reaction is given as the time required by the reactant to convert into the product. The addition of catalyst increases the rate of reaction, while the reaction quotient and the equilibrium remain unaffected.

A catalyst is a chemical or compound that adds to the reaction and lowers the activation energy by providing an alternative path to the reaction.

The catalyst takes part in the reaction but did not consume in the chemical reaction.

The equilibrium and the reaction quotient are dependent on the conversion of the reactant to the product. The catalyst is not used in the reaction and thus did not affect the reaction quotient or the equilibrium.

Hence, options A, B, and D are correct for the use of catalysts in the chemical reaction.

Learn more about catalysts, here:

https://brainly.com/question/17052831

Solution :

a). The separation of 4-methylbenzoic acid from 1,4-dimethoxybenzene will work but it will result in lower recovery.

In the reaction of acid-base to form a sodium 4 - methoxy benzoate, that is soluble in the water, 4-methoxy benzoic acid reacts with the sodium bicarbonate to give sodium 4-methoxybenzoate as well as carbonic acid.

b). The pKa for the 4-methoxybenzoic acid is [tex]4.46[/tex], and that of carbonic acid is [tex]6.37[/tex]

c). The Keq for the reaction is [tex]10(6.37 - 4.46) = 101.91[/tex]

Therefore, the equilibrium lies to the right  and also the reaction favors the products and the separation works.

But the recovery will be low when compared to the extraction with Sodium hydroxide as the strong base will drive the equilibrium further to the right position, thus neutralizing all the acids virtually. And the weak base will partially neutralize the acid.

Answer:

1.714 M

Explanation:

We'll begin by calculating the number of mole in 46.8 g of NaHCO₃. This can be obtained as follow:

Mass of NaHCO₃ = 46.8 g

Molar mass of NaHCO₃ = 23 + 1 + 12 + (3×16)

= 23 + 1 + 12 + 48

= 84 g/mol

Mole of NaHCO₃ =?

Mole = mass / molar mass

Mole of NaHCO₃ = 46.8 / 84

Mole of NaHCO₃ = 0.557 mole

Next, we shall convert 325 mL to L. This can be obtained as follow:

1000 mL = 1 L

Therefore,

325 mL = 325 mL × 1 L / 1000 mL

325 mL = 0.325 L

Thus, 325 mL is equivalent to 0.325 L.

Finally, we shall determine the molarity of the solution. This can be obtained as shown below:

Mole of NaHCO₃ = 0.557 mole

Volume = 0.325 L

Molarity =?

Molarity = mole / Volume

Molarity = 0.557 / 0.325

Molarity = 1.714 M

Therefore the molarity of the solution is 1.714 M

Answer:

6.7855 * 10^18

Explanation:

There are 2 moles in H2

Avagadro's number: 6.022E23

8.14E42*1/6.022E23 * 1/2

=6.7855 * 10^18

Explanation:

1.)

mass = 25.04

percentage recovery

[tex]benzoic acid = \frac{10.75}{25.04} = 0.4293*100 = 42.93%\\[/tex]

[tex]naphtalene =\frac{5.41}{25.04} = 0.2160*100 = 21.60\\3-nitroaniline=\frac{7.81}{25.04} =0.3119*100=31.19[/tex]

2. This experiment has these compounds, benzoic acid (which is an acid), naphthalene (this is neutral) and 3-nitroaniline (this is a base).

to extract, 5 percent of NaOH has to be used in order for benzoic acid to become with sodium hydroxide. the salt would then dissolve in H2O, the other two remaining are going to dissolve in organic layer. and this would make benzoic acid to leave the mix.

we make use of 5 percent of HCl so that the 3-nitroaniline will turn into ammonium salt with the hcl, then the ammonium salt would dissolve in water and naphtalene would become soluble in organic layer. when this happens we would then have the three compounds separated.

Answer:

hexane

I hope it's helps you

Answer:

answer is first one 1 will be less then that of hg coloumn

Answer:

[tex]M_{a}[/tex] = 0.104 m

Explanation:

This expression is used to determine either the mass or volume of an acid or a base used during titration process.

So that;

[tex]M_{a}[/tex][tex]V_{a}[/tex] = [tex]M_{b}[/tex][tex]V_{b}[/tex]

[tex]M_{a}[/tex] is the mass of the acid

[tex]V_{a}[/tex] is the volume of the acid

[tex]M_{b}[/tex] is the mass of the base

[tex]V_{b}[/tex] is the volume of the base

Given that:

[tex]M_{a}[/tex] x 5.0 m l = 5.2 ml x 0.10 m

[tex]M_{a}[/tex] x 5.0 = 0.52 m

[tex]M_{a}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{0.52}{5.0}[/tex]

      = 0.104

[tex]M_{a}[/tex] = 0.104 m

The mass of the acid used is 0.104 m.

Answer:

A. an acid

B. a base

C. conjugate base

D. conjugate acid

Explanation:

This question appears incomplete because it is starting with a "or".

However, the available question can still be answered.

An acid (according to "Bronsted-Lowry") is a chemical compound/specie that can donate hydrogen ion(s) in a reaction while a base is the compound/specie that can receive hydrogen ion(s). From this definition, it can be deduced that CH₃COOH (ethanoic acid) is an acid (weak acid) because it can donate an hydrogen ion while CH₃COO⁻ is a base because it can receive a hydrogen ion.

Also, a conjugate acid is the compound formed when an acid has donated a hydrogen ion to a base (i.e it is a base with hydrogen ion attached to it) while a conjugate base is the acid that has lost it's hydrogen ion. Thus, the conjugate acid in the question is CH₃OH while the conjugate base in the question is CH₃O⁻.

A. an acid

B. a base

C. conjugate base

D. conjugate acid

Answer:

-270.76°C

Explanation:

Given that metal Thallium becomes superconducting below the temperature of 2.39 kelvin i.e. this temperature is critical temperature for Thallium and below critical temperature a metal offers no resistance to the flow of electric current. Also the metal below its critical temperature expels the magnetic field in such a way that they do not penetrate the metal and pass through its surface only.

We have the relation between kelvin scale and degree Celsius scale of temperature measurement as:

[tex]C = K - 273.15[/tex]

[tex]C=2.39-273.15\\ C=-270.76^{o}C[/tex]

Answer:

"Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries."

Explanation:

Answer:

D

Explanation:

The longer handles distribute the force across a longer distance.

Answer:

the change in the internal energy of the system is 3,752.67 J

Explanation:

Given;

initial volume of the gas, V₁ = 30.6 L

final volume of the gas, V₂ = 1.8 L

constant pressure of the gas, P = 1.8 atm

Energy released by the system, Q = 1.5 kJ = 1,500 J

Apply pressure-volume work equation, to determine the work done on the gas;

w = -PΔV

w = -P(V₂ - V₁)

w = - 1.8 atm(1.8 L - 30.6 L)

w = 51.84 L.atm

w = 51.84 L.atm x 101.325 J/L.atm

w = 5,252.67 J

The change in the internal energy of the system is calculated as;

ΔU = Q + w

Since the heat is given out, Q = - 1,500 J

ΔU = -1,500 J  +  5,252.67 J

ΔU = 3,752.67 J

Therefore, the change in the internal energy of the system is 3,752.67 J

Answer:

2s2 2p5

Rb < Sr< Sn< Te<I

Explanation:

Electron affinity is the ability of an atom to accept electrons to form negative ions.

Electron affinity is a periodic trend that decreases down the group but increases across the period.

This accounts for the trends observed in the answer. The atom having the electronic configuration, 2s2 2p5 must be a halogen and it exhibits the highest value of electron affinity.

Also, since electron affinity increases across the period, the electron affinities of the elements increases. Therefore, the arrangement of atoms as shown in the answer depends on increasing electron affinity.

Answer:

The Rf value of ibuprofen increases

Explanation:

TLC involves the elution of a solute using a mobile phase(solvent). The stationary phase is made of an adsorbent such as silica.

The extent of interaction between the solute and the mobile phase affects the Rf value. The greater the interaction between the solute and the solvent, the greater the Rf value.

On the other hand, the polarity of the solvent and the solute also affects the Rf value. If the solvent is changed from t-butyl methyl ether to acetone, the Rf value for ibuprofen increases because ibuprofen is polar and acetone is also polar hence there is greater interaction between the solvent and solute.

Answer:

i think 1. law of muliple proportion

Explanation:

please like

Answer:

Towards the big bully

Explanation:

If a big bully and a small child are involved in a thug of war, it is clear that the bully is stronger than the child and he/she will pull the rope used in the thug of war with a greater force.

By so doing, the ball attached at the centre of the rope will naturally be drawn towards the stronger bully.

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

The chlorination of benzene occurs in the presence of a Lewis acid. A Lewis acid is a compound that can accept a lone pair of electrons.

The first step in the chlorination of benzene is the formation of the ion Cl^+ which attacks the benzene ring.

This ion is formed when the Cl2 molecule undergoes heterolytic fission assisted by FeCl3 to yield FeCl4^- and Cl^+.

The Cl^+ electrophile now attacks the benzene ring to yield chlorobenzene.

The question is incomplete, the complete question is shown in the image attached to this answer

Answer:

1) K

2) F

3) Si

4) Br

Explanation:

If an element has a more negative value of electron affinity, then it has a greater ability to attract an electron.

In each of the following pairs of elements, one element has a more negative electron affinity for certain reasons.

Between K and Ca, the incoming electron in K goes into a 4s orbital which is lower in energy and more stable. For Ca, the electron goes into a 3d orbital which is more unstable.

Between Ne and F, Ne already has a filled outermost shell hence the incoming electron goes into the higher energy 3s level. In F, the electron goes into the 2p level and completes it. Hence F has a more negative electron affinity.

Let us recall that half filled and completely filled orbitals are exceptionally stable. Hence, the electron affinity of Si is more negative than that of P because in P, the electron goes into an exceptionally stable half filled orbital.

Recall that the more the value of Zeff, the more negative the electron affinity hence electron affinity increases across a period; hence, Br has a more negative value of electron affinity than Se.

Answer:stow the hairspray

Explanation:

Answer: The first law of thermodynamics is a statement of conservation of energy.

Explanation:

According to the first law of thermodynamics, heat provided to a system is actually the sum of internal energy and work done by the system or on the system.

Mathematically, [tex]\Delta Q = \Delta U + \Delta W[/tex]

The first law of thermodynamics also means that energy can neither be created nor it can be destroyed. Hence, energy is conserved.

Thus, we can conclude that the first law of thermodynamics is a statement of conservation of energy.

Answer:

C₆H₁₈O₉

Explanation:

First we calculate the molar mass of the compound represented by the empirical formula:

Then we divide the given formula mass by the calculated molar mass:

Thus we multiply by 3 the subscripts in the empirical formula:

Answer:

That is, the atom is a solid and indivisible mass. However, the fenomenom by which an iron atom emits particles when it is struck by light (known as the photoelectric effect) can not be explaind by this indivisible atom model.

Answer: There are 8 protons in oxygen-18 and 36 neutrons in copper-65.

Explanation:

An atom contains three sub-atomic particles, that is, protons, neutrons and electrons.

The atomic number is the total number of protons present in an atom. For oxygen-18, the atomic mass is 18.

Atomic mass is the sum of total number of protons and electrons present in an atom. As the atomic number of an oxygen atom is 8 so the number of protons present in oxygen-18 is 8.

The atomic mass of copper is 65 and for a copper atom, the atomic number is 29. Hence, the number of neutrons for copper-65 is as follows.

Atomic mass = no. of protons + no. of neutrons

65 = 29 + no. of neutrons

no. of neutrons = 65 - 29 = 36

Thus, we can conclude that there are 8 protons in oxygen-18 and 36 neutrons in copper-65.

Answer:

no reaction occurs .that is no product

Answer:

Potassium carbonate (K₂CO₃)

Explanation:

The compounds dissociate into ions in water, as follows:

K₂CO₃ → 2 K⁺ + CO₃⁻    ⇒ 3 dissolved particles per mole

NaI → Na⁺ + I⁻    ⇒ 2 dissolved particles per mole

KBr → K⁺ + Br⁻   ⇒ 2 dissolved particles per mole

CH₃OH → CH₃O⁻ + H⁺  ⇒ 2 dissolved particles per mole

NH₄Cl → NH₄⁺ + Cl⁻   ⇒ 2 dissolved particles per mole

Therefore, the largest number of dissolved particles per mole of dissolved solute is produced by potassium carbonate (K₂CO₃).

Answer:

Percentage of carbon:

[tex] { \tt{ = \frac{24}{30} \times 100\%}} \\ = 80\%[/tex]

Percentage of hydrogen:

[tex]{ \tt{ = \frac{6}{30} \times 100\%} } \\ = 20\%[/tex]

Answer:

The produced salt is calcium chloride, CaCl₂, whose cation, Ca²⁺, is the conjugate acid of the base and the anion, Cl⁻ the conjugate base of the acid.

Explanation:

Hello there!

In this case, according to the given information, it turns out firstly necessary for us to set up the chemical equation between calcium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid:

[tex]2HCl+Ca(OH)_2\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O[/tex]

It means that the produced salt is calcium chloride, CaCl₂, whose cation, Ca²⁺, is the conjugate acid of the base and the anion, Cl⁻ the conjugate base of the acid.

Regard"