Answer:
translation.
Explanation:
translation assembles amino acids to form the polypeptide chain in ribosomes.
during the initial few minutes of exercise, oxygen uptake cannot meet the energy demand. what is this called? select one: a. oxygen deficit b. epoc c. steady state
During the initial few minutes of exercising when oxygen uptake doesn't meet the demand of energy is called oxygen deficit state.
When the body consumes more oxygen than it takes in, an oxygen deficit occurs. Low oxygen levels in the blood (hypoxemia) or tissues can be caused by an oxygen deficiency (hypoxia). An elevated heart rate and fast breathing are two symptoms that an individual with an oxygen shortage may have. Exhaustive activity naturally results in an oxygen deficit. The body will strive to restore oxygen levels in blood during what is known as a recovery period when exercise causes an oxygen deficit.
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ultimately how do enzymes lower activation energy? a) enzymes help force substrate into a form closely resembling the transition state b) increasing km by altering the catalytic perfection state c) achieve catalytic perfection at a reduced rate d) all of the above e) none of the above
All of above option is correct .
In order for the reactants to convert to the products, a minimum amount of energy is required activation energy.
Enzymes are biological catalyst that catalyze a chemical reaction .Catalysts lower the activation energy for reactions. When the activation energy is lowered the the reaction rate becomes faster. Hence , enzyme speeds the reaction by lowering the activation energy .
In the process of chemical reaction, the reactants bind to the active site of the enzyme, that forms an enzyme-substrate complex, this complex has lower activation energy than the substrate.
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The main function of prop roots in mangroves is to
A. aerate the plant
B. produce and store food
C. keep mangroves upright
D. absorb water far below the earth
which of the following is not a function of the digestive system? a.all of these are functions of the digestive system b.break down of food to smaller molecules c.take in food d.absorption of water, electrolytes, and other nutrients
All of the given options are the functions of digestive system. These are:
break down of food to smaller molecules.take in food.absorption of water, electrolytes, and other nutrients.Digestive system is the organization of organs, hormones and enzymes that work together to break down the complex biomolecules taken in the form of food into smaller soluble molecules. The organs involved in this are: mouth, throat, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and the anus.
Electrolytes are the minerals inside the body that are present dissolved in the blood or other body fluids. They perform functions like balancing the water level of the body or the pH of the body.
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the period is the length of time pathogens need to grow and multiply in food or the digestive tract before they can cause illness.
The incubation period is the length of time pathogens need to grow and multiply in food or the digestive tract before they can cause illness.
The time it takes for an illness to manifest after a person has been exposed to a disease-causing organism is known as the incubation period (such as bacteria, viruses, or fungi). When the disease's initial signs or symptoms manifest, the incubation period is over. Knowing an infectious disease's incubation period—the amount of time between exposure to the pathogen and the onset of symptoms—can be helpful in predicting an outbreak's timing, especially when infected people would be symptomatic and most likely to spread the disease.
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happens when humans greatly accelerate the input of plant nutrients to a lake. group of answer choices cultural eutrophication erosion popular eutrophication oligotrophic water pollution
Cultural eutrophication happens when humans greatly accelerate the input of plant nutrients to a lake.
Human activities can significantly speed up the inflow of plant nutrients into a lake when it’s close to an urban or agricultural region, a process referred to as cultural eutrophication.
What about eutrophication?The natural action of eutrophication is brought on by the buildup of nutrients in lakes and other bodies of water. Nutrient-feeding algae develop to become ugly on the water's surface, reducing its value for enjoyment and blocking water intake pipes. The process of eutrophication, which happens when the environment becomes enriched with nutrients, increases the number of plant and algae development in estuaries and coastal waters, is what causes harmful algal blooms, dead zones, and fish kills. Since eutrophication frequently results in the degradation of water quality and the reduction of dissolved oxygen in water bodies, it’s seen as a severe environmental concern. Eutrophic waters have the potential to eventually become"dead zones" that cannot sustain life. Cultural eutrophication has been linked to hypoxia, blue-green algal blooms, polluted beverage sources, and a decline in recreational options. A process referred to as eutrophication is brought on by an excess of nutrients, primarily nitrogen and phosphorus, in water. Algae thrive, spread, and color the water green as a result of feeding on the nutrients. Eutrophication are often reduced by controlling the nutrient sources, curtailing fertilizer use, using good soil management techniques, putting mathematical models to use, adopting phytoremediation, etc. Among these, raising general knowledge of eutrophication can help prevent it from happening to water bodies.Learn more about eutrophication here:
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a sample of john's blood shows a high level of pyrogens. this would indicate that john a) is feeling achy. b) is producing t lymphocytes. c) has a sore throat. d) is running a fever. e) has swollen lymph nodes.
The answer is d) running a fever, as indicated by high level of pyrogens in blood.
Pyrogens are things that can cause fever. Endotoxins, which are lipopolysaccharides (LPS) made by Gram-negative bacteria like E. coli, are the most frequent pyrogens. These substances go through the blood to the brain, where they interfere with the hypothalamus' ability to control body temperature. The hypothalamus is tricked into believing that the body is cooler than it actually is because the pyrogens suppress heat-sensing neurons and excite cold-sensing ones. A fever results from the hypothalamus's response, which causes the body's temperature to rise above normal
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which of the following is not true of koch's postulates? group of answer choices it requires isolation of the causative agent it can be applied to fastidious organisms it requires inoculation into a healthy, but susceptible host the suspected causative agent must be present in every case of the disease
Option B. it can be applied to fastidious organisms but is not true of Koch's postulates.
Koch's postulates are four criteria designed to set up a causal dating among a microbe and an ailment. The postulates were formulated by using Robert Koch and Friedrich Loeffler in 1884, based on in advance ideas defined via Jakob Henle, and delicate and posted with the aid of Koch in 1890.
Robert Koch's postulates, posted in 1890, are fixed criteria that set up whether a particular organism is the purpose of a particular disorder. nowadays, Koch's postulates are taught in excessive school and college classrooms as an indication of the rigor and legitimacy of clinical microbiology.
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the quiescent phage genbome, whether it exists as a plasmid or integrated into the host genome, is referered to as a
The quiescent phage genome, whether it exists as a plasmid or integrated into the host genome, is referred to as a prophage.
A prophage is a bacteriophage genome this is integrated into the circular bacterial chromosome or exists as an extrachromosomal plasmid in the bacterial cells. Integration of prophages into the bacterial host is the function step of the lysogenic cycle of temperate phages.
Prophages are bacteriophage genomes included in the host genome. The collection of P. aeruginosa genomes contains numerous putative prophages (table I). primarily based on their sequences, some prophages may additionally appear energetic, but it isn't continually viable to reactivate them in vitro in laboratory conditions.
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why might it be advantageous to add a preassembled block of 14 sugars to a protein in the er, rather than building the sugars chains step-by-step on the surface of the protein by sequential addition of sugars by individual enzymes?
An investigation into the different sugar (carbohydrate) molecules that cells connect to proteins. Glycoproteins are proteins that include carbohydrates.
What is the name of the procedure whereby a protein in the endoplasmic reticulum is given a sugar addition?The signal sequence is often separated from the protein when it emerges on the luminal surface of the ER membrane by an enzyme known as signal peptidase. additionally, in a procedure called glycosylation.
What is the term for the combination of a protein and a carbohydrate?Proteins with covalently attached carbohydrates are known as glycoproteins. Each and every living thing contains them, in both there are soluble and insoluble versions with various uses and characteristics. 1-3 Certainly.
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10. describe the activity and appearance of the coliforms on hektoen agar. name the ph indicator. what is the main use for hektoen agar plates? g
Answer:
isolation and culture of gram-negative enteric microorganisms
Explanation:
In tomato plants, having yellow fruit and dwarf vines is the recessive condition. Having red fruit and long vines is the dominant condition. A cross was done between two plants that were heterozygous for both traits.
What is the probability the offspring will have yellow fruit and dwarf vines?
Answer:
25% of offspring will have yellow fruit and dwarf vines
Explanation:
denoting that:
D - red fruit, long vines (dominant)
r - yellow fruit, dwarf vines (recessive)
parental phenotype: Red fruit 》 Red fruit
parental genotype: Dr 》 Dr
gametes: (D) (r) 》 (D) (r)
random fertilization: punnet square
D r
D DD Dr
r Dr rr
F1 generation phenotype: Red fruit 》 yellow fruit
F1 generation genotype: DD, Dr, Dr 》 rr
ratio: 3 : 1
percentage: 75% 》 25%
[ the symbol " 》" is used simply as a divider as if all the information were in a table]
Which installation method is most likely to put your computer at risk of downloading a virus?.
Internet installation method is most likely to put your computer at risk of downloading a virus.
Understanding viruses in computers
Viruses are files that interfere with the operational system on PCs and laptops, if the laptop is exposed to a virus then automatically the laptop's performance will not be maximized, usually this form of virus interference such as the ability to load becomes slower / slower, the loss of files that we save suddenly , the laptop restarts repeatedly, if you are faced with a great virus sometimes the OS will be deleted, this will force us to reinstall the OS on the laptop.
What is called a virus in a computer is an annoying file, so every file that can interfere with the performance of the OS is a virus, this annoying file can be in the form of ordinary files that we intentionally store but are damaged, Worms, Trojan Horses, Spyware, and malicious malware that is installed either intentionally or not. Actually we don't need to be afraid of being too much with what is called a virus in a PC / laptop, as long as we want to take the anticipatory steps correctly, then the possibility of a virus can interfere with our laptop is very small.
Here's how to prevent and avoid viruses from entering your computer or laptop:
1.Use a compatible and bona fide antivirus, always update the antivirus;
2. If your computer or laptop is often used to browse the internet, then use an antivirus that has Internet Security features;
3.Activate Firewall on Windows that you are using;
4.Always update Security Update on Windows Security;
5. Do not get into the habit of storing data on drive C for too long;
6. Identify all the data that you store on the laptop, and immediately discard/delete if there is data that you do not recognize;
7. Delete registry files that are not needed regularly;
8. If you are going to transfer data from another device/device, try not to open it when it is still connected, so send/copy it directly and then disconnect the device/device;
9.Use cleaning tools like Ccleaner, TuneUp Utility, etc.
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the process by which a virus is taken up by a host cell as a result of the host cell's cytoplasmic membrane surrounding the virion to form a vesicle is called
Endocytosis is the process by which a virus is taken up by a host cell as a result of the host cell's cytoplasmic membrane surrounding the virion to form a vesicle.
Endocytic machinery, a sophisticated collection of vesicles and proteins, has been developed by cells to ingest substances. In response, certain viruses have learned how to manipulate the cell's endocytic machinery in order to access the cytoplasm or nucleus of the host cell, depending on the virus's chosen method of replication.
Step-by-step processes for endocytic entry of viruses include an attachment to the cell surface, receptor clustering, signaling pathway activation, production of endocytic vesicles and vacuoles, transport of viral payload to endosomal compartments, sorting, as well as escape into the cytosol.
For a virus to begin replicating, its genome must enter the host cells. Most viruses enter cells by endocytosis, while others can directly pierce the plasma membrane and inject their genetic material into the cytoplasm.
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Marine Science Explain the difference between a wave’s period and frequency.
The difference between a wave’s period and frequency is determined by the fact that the wave frequency is inversely proportional to the wave period.
What do you mean by Wave frequency?Wave frequency may be defined as the number of peaks formed by a wave in one second. When you increase the energy of a wave, the frequency increases, but the wavelength decreases.
According to the context of this question, frequency is something that demonstrates how often something happens While period indicates the time at which is taken by that action to have happened.
Therefore, the difference between a wave period and a wave frequency is well described above.
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The diagram below shows organisms in a food web.
The organisms labeled A are MOST likely
carnivores.
decomposers.
herbivores.
producers.
Answer:
i think its decomposer's but there all on pointing towards a so i think decomposers are the best choice
have a good day!
Explanation:
Why is the only path of conduction for impulse transmission from the atria to the ventricles through the av node and av bundle?.
The fibrous structure of the heart separates the atria and ventricles from one another.
What use do the ventricles serve?Blood is sent from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery, which again transports it to the lungs for oxygenation. The now oxygen-rich plasma leaves the lungs and is pumped into the left ventricle via the left atrium. Through a vast network of arteries, the left ventricle transports oxygen-rich oxygen to the brain.
What are the heart's four ventricles called?Blood with low oxygen content leaves the body through the right atrium and is pumped to a right ventricle. Oxygen-deficient blood is sent to the lungs by the right ventricle. The left atrium takes blood from the lungs that is oxygenated then pumps it to the left ventricle. Blood that is oxygenated is delivered to the body by the left ventricle.
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The Three Domain classification system developed by Dr. Woese is based partly on
O sensitivity to antivirals.
0RNA sequences
O enzyme similarities
ODNA sequences
The Three Domain classification system developed by Dr. Woese is based partly on RNA sequences.
Based on variations in the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) nucleotide sequences, membrane lipid structures, and antibiotic sensitivity, organisms can be categorized into one of three domains. The Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya are the three domains.
Based on variations in the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) structure, Woese categorized them. Using the variations in the nucleotide sequence of 16S rRNA molecules, Carl Woese of the University of Illinois (USA) suggested a phylogenetic taxonomy of bacterial species in 1987.
The traditional prokaryote-eukaryote division and the five-kingdom concept were both challenged, and the 3-domain classification system was offered as an alternative.
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Answer all please I need it asap
1. A(n) _____________________ transports electrons, along with their energy, to another molecule.
2. What is the equation for photosynthesis?
3. In the __________________________, NADPH and ATP combine with carbon dioxide to produce sugars.
4. In the _________________________, light energy from the sun splits water and generates ATP and NADPH.
5. True / False: Chloroplasts are organelles found in the cells of heterotrophs.
6. True / False: Autotrophs need light in order to carry out photosynthesis.
Explanation:
1. Electron carrier
2. CO2 + H2O --> C6H12O6 + O2
3. Stroma
4. Thylakoid membrane
5. False
6. true.
hope it helps. :)
3.How are organisms grouped into producers, consumers, and decomposers?
Where do you fall
Answer:
Food webs are models to show how organisms are related in an ecosystem based on how they get their energy. The main roles are producers, consumers, and decomposers?
Explanation:
Producers
Producers make their own energy through photosynthesis. All most all plants, But not all, are Producers.
Consumers can be divided into
Primary > Primary consumers get energy by eating producers. They are usually small animals, insects and herbivores.Secondary > Secondary consumers get energy eating primary consumers. Secondary consumers are usually predators.Tertiary > Tertiary consumers get energy by eating secondary consumers. Owls and birds of prey, bears and large predator's, and carnivores are usually tertiary consumers. Humans are also among the tertiary consumers.And lastly Decomposers
Decomposers get by breaking down dead organisms and returning nutrients to the soil. Decomposers are usually fungi-like-mushrooms and bacteria
which statement(s) about the composition of biological membranes is(are) false? check all that apply.
Every intracellular membrane of a specific eukaryotic cell type (such as a hepatocyte) contains essentially the same combination of lipids and proteins.
What sort of cell might be considered eukaryotic?Eukaryotic cells are distinguished by their membrane-enclosed organelles and organized nucleus. Plants, animals, fungus, and protists are a few examples of eukaryotic cells. Their genetic material is organized by chromosomes.
How do eukaryotic cells appear?In eukaryotic cells, endoplasmic reticulum and other membrane-bound organelles such as the nucleus and mitochondria are present. Protozoa, fungi, plants, and mammals are among the species that make up the group of eukaryotic cells. They are real cells since they include a nucleus. Prokaryotic cells lack the level of complexity that eukaryotic cells do.
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blindness could result from damage to which cortex and lobe of the brain? (a) visual cortex in the frontal lobe. (b) visual cortex in the temporal lobe. (c) sensory cortex in the parietal lobe. (d) visual cortex in the occipital lobe. (e) cerebral cortex in the occipital lobe.
Blindness results from damage to: (d) visual cortex in the occipital lobe.
Visual cortex is the cortical region of the brain that receives, integrates and processes signals from the retina. It therefore helps in image formation. It largely consists of myelinated axons to fasten the process of signal transmission.
Occipital lobe is present at the posterior portion of the forebrain. It is located between the parietal and the temporal lobe. It is the primary vision processing portion of the brain. It is also the smallest in size. The lobe rests upon a thick tissue called tentorium cerebelli. It is also involved in some function other than vision.
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Originally, the term "psychology" was defined as which one of the following definitions?
A. the study of the mind or soul
B. the study of the human brain
C. the study of animal behavior
D. the study of genetics and heritability
not all members are equal in their ability to survive and reproduce in a what? A. Community, B. Ecosystem, C. Organism, D. populations
Not all members are equal in their ability to survive and reproduce in a population. Option D.
What is a population?A population is defined as the total number of organisms of the space species living in a particular at a specific period.
A population of 2 or more different species of organisms living and interacting together is known as a community. Two or more communities interacting with themselves and the non-living components of their environment constitute what is known as the ecosystem.
Thus, in order to make a logical comparison, organisms must be of the same species in the same population. There is always competition for resources among organisms of the same species. This competition is known as an intra-species competition.
Also, organisms of the same species within the same population differ in their reproductive capacity and ability to survive. Thus, natural selection selects the best individuals to survive and reproduce. Natural selection acts on populations.
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in winter, some birds stand on frozen ponds and lakes. how do they prevent their feet from freezing while simultaneously preventing excessive heat loss?
Through the process of countercurrent heat exchange in their legs, they keep their feet from freezing while maintaining a temperature above zero.
An entire foot needs a lot of energy to stay warm. These birds, however, let the foot get close to freezing. Birds use a countercurrent heat exchange system, and blood is still given to the foot. The warm arteries transmit heat to the chilly veins. Heat is maintained in the core very well by this countercurrent heat exchange system. The foot doesn't freeze because of periodic surges in blood flow that allow a small amount of heat to enter.
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Consider the individuals shaded in green in the diagram.
What kind of allele results in the trait the individuals are expressing?
Answer:
Dominant allele is resulted in the trait
through what mechanisms does the hypothalamus control the production or release of hormones from the pituitary gland? how do its effects on the anterior and posterior portions of the pituitary differ?
The hypothalamus-hypophyseal portal veins deliver hypothalamic releasing and inhibitory hormones directly to the anterior pituitary gland.
Distinct anterior pituitary cell receptors bind to specific hypothalamus hormones, controlling the release of the hormones those cells generate.Your hypothalamus connects to the anterior pituitary lobe via hormones and the posterior pituitary lobe by nerve impulses via that stalk. Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone are likewise produced by your hypothalamus, which also instructs your posterior pituitary when to store and release these hormones.The hypothalamus-hypophyseal portal veins deliver hypothalamic releasing and inhibitory hormones directly to the anterior pituitary gland. Distinct anterior pituitary cell receptors bind to specific hypothalamus hormones, controlling the release of the hormones those cells generate. Your hypothalamus connects to the anterior pituitary lobe via hormones and the posterior pituitary lobe by nerve impulses via that stalk. Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone are likewise produced by your hypothalamus, which also instructs your posterior pituitary when to store and release these hormones.It releases several hormones into the bloodstream that function as messengers, carrying signals from the pituitary gland to far-off cells and controlling their activity. For instance, the mammary glands in the breasts are stimulated to create milk by the hormone prolactin, which is produced by the pituitary gland.To know more about hypothalamus
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enteropeptidase deficiency is an inborn error of metabolism that causes malabsorption of protein. the most likely explanation for this malabsorption is that in the absence of enteropeptidase, the only protease zymogen that could be converted to its active form is:
The only protease zymogen that could be converted to its active form in the absence of enteropeptidase is chymotripsinogen.
Trypsinogen is transformed into active trypsin by enteropeptidase, which also activates several pancreatic zymogens in addition to hydrolyzing a few peptide links in specific dietary proteins. Enteropeptidase is a crucial enzyme in the digestion of dietary proteins because of this, and its lack may cause severe protein malabsorption.
Trypsinogen, which is enteropeptidase's main substrate, undergoes a limited amount of proteolysis to release trypsin with catalytic activity. By limited proteolysis, trypsin then acts on the 4 other zymogens to release chymotrypsin, elastase, and carboxypeptidases A and B that are catalytically active.
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this or that? select whether the listed disease characteristic is associated with chronic bronchitis, emphysema, or both conditions.
Both chronic bronchitis and emphysema comes under COPD i.e, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Airflow from the lungs becomes restricted due to the chronic inflammatory lung illness known as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The signs and symptoms include wheezing, coughing up mucus (sputum), and difficulty breathing.
Inflammation of the bronchial tubes' lining, which transport air to and from the lungs' air sacs (alveoli), characterizes chronic bronchitis. Daily coughing and mucus (sputum) production are its defining symptoms.
Emphysema is a disorder when the alveoli at the end of the lungs' tiniest air tubes, or bronchioles, are destroyed due to harmful exposure to cigarette smoke and other irritating chemicals and particulate matter.
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which is not a sympathetic ganglion? which is not a sympathetic ganglion? superior mesenteric otic inferior mesenteric celiac sacral chain
Not a sympathetic ganglion, celiac disease.
What does being compassionate mean?Used to indicate someone who demonstrates their understanding and concern for the pain of others, especially by their words: Since he also has back issues, he was quite understanding of my situation.
How can you tell if you have sympathy?One can experience anxiety, panic attacks, anxiousness, insomnia, breathing difficulty, palpitations, an inability to relax, an inability to sit still, a jumpy or jittery feeling, poor digestion, afraid, high blood pressure, but instead heart problems, to name a few symptoms of an overactive or dominant the sympathetic nervous system.
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