The IRR- Internal Rate Of Return involves calculating the discount rate for a project at which the net present value of the cash inflows from a project equals the initial outlay of the project.
Using the internal rate of return method, we first calculate the present value of the project cash inflows. Then we solve for IRR that makes the NPV of cash inflows equal to the initial outlay of the project.
NPV = −I0 + CF1/(1 + r) + CF2/(1 + r)² + . . . + CFn/(1 + r)n
where I0 is the initial outlay CFt is the expected cash inflow in period tNPV is the net present value of the cash inflows is the discount rate in percentage format, and t represents the time period. Using the above formula, we can find the NPV of cash inflows with a discount rate of 11 percent as follows:
NPV = - $74,196 + $12,000/(1+0.11) + $12,000/(1+0.11)² + .... + $12,000/(1+0.11)¹⁰On simplification, we get NPV = -$3,032.79Now, we use the IRR formula to find the IRR of the project as follows: NPV = 0 = -$74,196 + $12,000/(1+IRR) + $12,000/(1+IRR)² + .... + $12,000/(1+IRR)¹⁰Solving the above equation gives us the IRR of the project as 15.08% (approx). Therefore, the project's IRR is 15.08% (rounded to two decimal places).
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1. Belize Mills Limited enters into an agreement with Medina's Rental Co. on January 1, 2021 for the purpose of leasing a machine to be used in its manufacturing operations. The following data pertain to the agreement: (a) The term of the noncancelable lease is 3 years with no renewal option. Payments of $574,864 are due on January 1 of each year. (b) The fair value of the machine on January 1, 2021, is $1,600,000. The machine has a remaining economic life of 10 years, with no salvage value. The machine reverts to the lessor upon the termination of the lease. (c) Alaska depreciates all machinery it owns on a straight-line basis. (d) Alaska's incremental borrowing rate is 10% per year. Belize Mills does not have knowledge of the 8% implicit rate used by Medina's. (e) Immediately after signing the lease, Medina's finds out that Belize Mills is the defendant in a suit which is sufficiently material to make collectability of future lease payments doubtful. From the viewpoint of Duke, what type of lease agreement exists? a. Operating lease b. Finance lease c. Sales-type lease d. Direct-financing lease
The lease agreement between Belize Mills Limited and Medina's Rental Co. is a finance lease.
The lease agreement between Belize Mills Limited and Medina's Rental Co. meets the criteria of a finance lease as defined by International Accounting Standard (IAS) 17.
Firstly, the lease term is for a significant portion of the machine's economic life, which is 30% (3 years of 10 years). Secondly, the present value of lease payments amounts to $1,450,064, which is 90% of the fair value of the machine on January 1, 2021.
Thirdly, the lease does not contain a renewal option, and the machine reverts to the lessor upon the termination of the lease. Lastly, the collectability of future lease payments is doubtful due to Belize Mills' lawsuit, which transfers the risks and rewards of ownership to Medina's.
Therefore, Medina's is deemed to have acquired the machine and recognizes it as an asset and a liability in its financial statements. Medina's will also depreciate the machine on a straight-line basis over the lease term and recognize lease income of $574,864 for three years.
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at the start of the year, deft records purchases a new piece of recording equipment for $7,000. deft expects to use the equipment for 5 years and then to sell it for $500 . at the end of two years, what will be the balance in accumulated depreciation for this particular piece of equipment? group of answer choices
a. 1,300
b. 2,800
c. 2,600
d. 700
e. 1,400
The correct answer is option C: 2,600.
In order to determine the balance in accumulated depreciation for a particular piece of equipment at the end of two years, we need to know its annual depreciation.
This can be calculated using the straight-line depreciation method: Annual Depreciation = (Cost - Salvage Value) / Useful Life
Annual Depreciation = ($7,000 - $500) / 5
Annual Depreciation = $1,300
Therefore, the equipment has an annual depreciation of $1,300, and after two years, the accumulated depreciation will be $2,600.
This is because accumulated depreciation is simply the sum of all the depreciation expenses incurred up to a particular point in time.
Thus, the correct answer is option C: 2,600.
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The elasticity of demand for a good is given by ε(p) - 1+ p¹ Find the demand function, q (p), for this good if qº(1) = 4.
Given: [tex]\(\varepsilon(p) = 1 + \frac{1}{p}\)[/tex]
To integrate, we rewrite the elasticity function as follows:
[tex]\(\varepsilon(p) = 1 + \frac{1}{p} \\= \frac{p^0}{p^1} + \frac{1}{p^1} \\= \frac{p^0}{p^1} + \frac{p^{-1}}{p^1} \\= p^{0-1} + p^{-1-1} \\= p^{-1} + p^{-2}\)[/tex]
Integrating the above expression with respect to [tex]\(p\)[/tex] , we get:
[tex]\(\int \varepsilon(p) dp = \int (p^{-1} + p^{-2}) dp \\= \ln|p| - p^{-1} + C\)[/tex]
Since [tex]\(\varepsilon(p) = \frac{dq}{dp}\)[/tex] , where [tex]\(q(p)\)[/tex] is the demand function, we can equate the two expressions and solve for [tex]\(q(p)\)[/tex]:
[tex]\(\frac{dq}{dp} = \ln|p| - p^{-1} + C\)[/tex]
To find the constant [tex]\(C\)[/tex] , we use the initial condition [tex]\(q(1) = 4\)[/tex] :
[tex]\(q(1) = 4 \\\int dq = \int (\ln|p| - p^{-1} + C) dp \\q = \ln|p| - \ln|p| - p^{-1} + Cp + D\)[/tex]
Simplifying, we obtain:
[tex]\(q = -p^{-1} + Cp + D\)[/tex]
Using the initial condition [tex]\(q(1) = 4\)[/tex] , we can substitute [tex]\(p = 1\)[/tex] and [tex]\(q = 4\)[/tex] into the equation and solve for [tex]\(C\)[/tex] and [tex]\(D\)[/tex]:
[tex]\(4 = -1 + C + D\)[/tex]
To find the demand function [tex]\(q(p)\)[/tex] , we substitute the values of [tex]\(C\)[/tex] and [tex]\(D\)[/tex]:
[tex]\(q = -p^{-1} + Cp + D \\= -p^{-1} + Cp + (4 - C)\)[/tex]
Therefore, the demand function for the given elasticity is:
[tex]\(q(p) = -p^{-1} + Cp + (4 - C)\)[/tex]
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The difference between a put and a call options contract is Othere is no difference between the two options O a put option gives the buyer the of the options contract right to buy the underlying asset at a set price; but a call option gives the buyer of the options contract the right to sell the underlying asset at a set price O a put option gives the buyer of the options contract the right to sell the underlying asset at a set price; but a call option gives the buyer of the options contract the right to buy the underlying asset at a set price none of the answers are correct
The difference between a put and a call options contract is: a put option gives the buyer of the options contract the right to sell the underlying asset at a set price; but a call option gives the buyer of the options contract the right to buy the underlying asset at a set price.
An option contract is a contract that grants the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell the underlying asset at a specific price on or before a specified date. The holder of the option has the right to decide whether or not to execute the option.The holder of a call option has the right to purchase the underlying asset at the strike price, while the holder of a put option has the right to sell the underlying asset at the strike price. A call option is a financial instrument that gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to purchase the underlying asset at a predetermined price on or before the expiration date. On the other hand, a put option is a financial instrument that grants the holder the right, but not the obligation, to sell the underlying asset at a predetermined price on or before the expiration date.Therefore, the answer to the question is: A put option gives the buyer of the options contract the right to sell the underlying asset at a set price; but a call option gives the buyer of the options contract the right to buy the underlying asset at a set price.
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The difference between a put and a call options contract is : a put option gives the buyer of the options contract the right to sell the underlying asset at a set price; but a call option gives the buyer of the options contract the right to buy the underlying asset at a set price.
What is an option? An option is a contract that offers the buyer the opportunity, but not the obligation, to buy or sell a security or other financial asset at an agreed-upon price. A call option gives the owner the right to buy a stock at a specified price (strike price) on or before a certain date. A put option provides the owner with the right, but not the obligation, to sell the stock at the strike price up to the expiration date. In terms of the difference between put and call options, the following is true: a put option gives the buyer of the options contract the right to sell the underlying asset at a set price; but a call option gives the buyer of the options contract the right to buy the underlying asset at a set price. Hence, the correct answer is "a put option gives the buyer of the options contract the right to sell the underlying asset at a set price; but a call option gives the buyer of the options contract the right to buy the underlying asset at a set price."
The term "underlying asset" refers to a financial instrument or physical item that serves as the basis for a derivative contract. In financial markets, derivatives are financial instruments whose value is derived from the value of an underlying asset. The underlying asset can be a variety of things, such as stocks, bonds, commodities, currencies, or even other derivatives.
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Using the binomial option pricing model to find the value of a call option on 10,000 pound with a strike price of 12,500 euro. The current exchange rate is 1.5 euro per 1.00 pound and in the next period the exchange rate can increase to 2.40 euro/pound or decrease to 0.9375 euro/pound. (i.e. u=1.6 and d= 1/u=0.625). The current interest rate are ieuro=3% and are ipound=4%
The value of the call option on 10,000 pounds with a strike price of 12,500 euro using the binomial option pricing model is approximately 0 euro.
To use the binomial option pricing model, we can calculate the option value at each possible exchange rate and then discount them back to the present value. Here are the steps:
Calculate the risk-neutral probabilities:
Calculate the risk-neutral probability of an up move (p) using the following formula:
p = (1 + ipound - d) / (u - d)
Calculate the risk-neutral probability of a down move (1 - p).
Calculate the option value at each node:
Calculate the option value at the upper node (Cu) using the formula:
Cu = max(Su - X, 0), where Su is the exchange rate at the upper node and X is the strike price.
Calculate the option value at the lower node (Cd) using the formula:
Cd = max(Sd - X, 0), where Sd is the exchange rate at the lower node.
Discount the option values back to the present value:
Calculate the present value of the option at the upper node (PVu) using the formula:
PVu = Cu / (1 + ieuro)
Calculate the present value of the option at the lower node (PVd) using the formula:
PVd = Cd / (1 + ieuro)
Calculate the option value at the current exchange rate (C0):
Calculate the option value at the current exchange rate using the formula:
C0 = (p * PVu + (1 - p) * PVd) / (1 + ieuro)
Let's plug in the values:
u = 1.6
d = 1 / u = 0.625
ipound = 4% = 0.04
ieuro = 3% = 0.03
X = 12,500 euro
Calculate the risk-neutral probabilities:
p = (1 + 0.04 - 0.625) / (1.6 - 0.625) ≈ 0.712
1 - p ≈ 1 - 0.712 ≈ 0.288
Calculate the option values at each node:
Su = 1.6 * 1.5 = 2.4 euro/pound
Sd = 0.625 * 1.5 = 0.9375 euro/pound
Cu = max(2.4 - 12,500, 0) = 0
Cd = max(0.9375 - 12,500, 0) = 0
Discount the option values back to the present value:
PVu = 0 / (1 + 0.03) = 0
PVd = 0 / (1 + 0.03) = 0
Calculate the option value at the current exchange rate:
C0 = (0.712 * 0 + 0.288 * 0) / (1 + 0.03) ≈ 0
Therefore, the value of the call option on 10,000 pounds with a strike price of 12,500 euro using the binomial option pricing model is approximately 0 euro.
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The sales of goods, covered by Article 2 of the UCC, includes all of the following EXCEPT: O a. a new Indian motorcycle O b. my smart phone Oc. the NIKE Swoosh O d. my textbooks
The sales of goods, covered by Article 2 of the UCC (Uniform Commercial Code), primarily deal with the exchange of tangible, movable items.
Examples include a new Indian motorcycle, a smartphone, and the NIKE Swoosh logo. However, textbooks do not fall within the scope of goods covered by Article 2 of the UCC.
Textbooks are typically considered intellectual property rather than tangible goods. While they may be subject to other legal frameworks, such as copyright law, they are not governed by the specific provisions and regulations outlined in Article 2 of the UCC, which is specifically focused on the sale of goods.
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QUESTION 6 Which of the following is NOT one of the questions a company typically uses in developing the measures of a balanced Scorecard? Can we continue to improve? What must we excel al? 1 How do shareholders se us? How do customers see us? QUESTION 7 of the cost-effectiveness measures, which of the following captures the increase or decrease in cost resulting from a change in purchasing practice? cost avoidance cost change purchase price variance target costing QUESTIONS Which of the following is NOT one of the common problems encountered when measuring performance? O measures of behaviors not accomplishments measures focused on the short-term too much detail too much data I QUESTION 9 Which of the following is NOT one of the benefits of benchmarking? Breaks down a reluctance to change. o Helps identify best business or functional practices. Serves as a source of market intelligence. Determines internal customer needs and wants.
For Question 6: The question "1 How do shareholders see us?" is NOT one of the questions a company typically uses in developing the measures of a balanced scorecard.
The typical questions used in developing a balanced scorecard include:
Can we continue to improve?
What must we excel at?
How do customers see us?
For Question 7:
The cost change is the cost-effectiveness measure that captures the increase or decrease in cost resulting from a change in purchasing practice. Therefore, the correct answer is: cost change.
For Question 9:
Determining internal customer needs and wants is NOT one of the benefits of benchmarking. The benefits of benchmarking include:
Breaking down a reluctance to change.
Helping identify best business or functional practices.
Serving as a source of market intelligence.
Therefore, the incorrect option is: Determines internal customer needs and wants.
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1-year European calls and puts with an exercise price equal to 100 (X=100) trade at prices of $15 and $5, respectively (C=15, P=5). If the risk-free rate is 0%, what is the stock price?
a. 100
110
120
Not enough information to tell.
A replicating portfolio for a derivative security is
A portfolio consisting of long and short positions in the derivative.
A portfolio that has the same payoffs as the derivative.
A portfolio that has payoffs at least as great as, and in some states greater than, the payoffs from the derivative.
A portfolio that combines the derivative with another derivative on the same underlying so as to make the portfolio riskless.
Option (d), A portfolio that has the same payoffs as the derivative.
Given, 1-year European calls with an exercise price of 100 (X=100) trade at prices of $15 (C=15). Also, 1-year European puts with an exercise price of 100 (X=100) trade at prices of $5 (P=5).
If the risk-free rate is 0%, we can find the price of the stock.
Using put-call parity we have:
c + PV(X) = p + s
where,
PV(X) is the present value of the strike price, and s is the stock price.
PV(X) = X / (1 + r)ⁿ = 100 / (1 + 0)¹ = 100
Therefore,
c + 100 = p + s
15 + 100 = 5 + s
S = $110
Therefore, the stock price is $110. The replicating portfolio for a derivative security is a portfolio that has the same payoffs as the derivative.
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Answer and address the following IN BULLET form (i.e. NOT in essay format) :
How should Air B&B company expand to new markets ? Make sure answer talks about both bulletin point
Supply-Side Scope Economies
Demand-Side Scope Economies
In order for Airbnb to expand to new markets, the company needs to focus on both supply-side scope economies and demand-side scope economies. Below are the ways in which Airbnb can achieve these objectives: Supply-Side Scope Economies.
1. Increase the number of listings: Airbnb needs to attract more hosts in new markets to ensure that there are enough listings to accommodate guests.
2. Create local partnerships: Airbnb can establish partnerships with local organizations such as travel agencies, tourist boards, and local governments to encourage more hosts to sign up to the platform.
3. Invest in local marketing: Airbnb can invest in local marketing to raise awareness of the platform in new markets.
Demand-Side Scope Economies 1. Understand the local culture: Airbnb needs to take into account the local culture of the new market. This means understanding local customs, habits, and preferences to ensure that the company is offering the right product to the right customers.
2. Offer customized services: Airbnb can offer customized services to cater to the needs of local customers. For example, in some markets, Airbnb can offer services such as car rentals, airport transfers, and local tours.
3. Provide local language support: Airbnb can provide local language support to ensure that customers feel comfortable using the platform.
This includes offering customer support in the local language and providing local language translations on the website and mobile app.In conclusion, by focusing on supply-side scope economies and demand-side scope economies, Airbnb can successfully expand to new markets. Airbnb must ensure that there are enough listings to accommodate guests while also offering customized services that cater to the needs of local customers.
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SOS!! (I have 1 hour, it is an online exam)
3.1. What is the difference in cash flow between short selling an asset and entering a short futures position? Shortly describe each type of transactions! (10 points)
3.2. Collect the key benefits to small investors investing through mutual funds! List also the most important costs connected to this investment type! (10 points)
4. Analyse the difference between Mutual Funds and Hedge Funds. Outline differences by the following criteria: risk, return, transparency, regulation, target investor type? (max. 35 points)
The difference in cash flow between short selling an asset and entering a short futures position lies in the timing of cash flows.
Short selling an asset involves borrowing the asset from a broker and selling it in the market with the expectation that its price will decline. The cash flow in this transaction occurs at the beginning when the asset is sold, generating immediate cash inflow. In the future, the short seller must buy back the asset to close the position, which will result in cash outflow.
Entering a short futures position, on the other hand, does not involve an immediate cash flow. It is a contractual agreement to sell an asset at a predetermined price and date in the future. Cash flow occurs upon contract expiration, where the short position generates cash inflow by selling the asset at the predetermined price.
3.2. Key benefits for small investors investing through mutual funds include diversification, professional management, affordability, liquidity, and convenience. Mutual funds pool money from multiple investors to invest in a diversified portfolio of securities, reducing risk. Professional fund managers make investment decisions, relieving individual investors of the need for expertise. Mutual funds offer affordability as investors can start with small amounts. They provide liquidity by allowing investors to buy or sell shares at the net asset value (NAV). Mutual funds are also convenient, providing easy access to various markets and asset classes.
Mutual funds and hedge funds are two distinct types of investment vehicles that differ in several ways. Mutual funds are regulated by the SEC and are designed for retail investors who seek exposure to a diversified portfolio of securities at a low cost. They typically have lower risk and return profiles than hedge funds and are more transparent in terms of their holdings and fees. Hedge funds, on the other hand, are designed for high-net-worth individuals and institutional investors who seek higher returns through alternative strategies such as derivatives trading, short-selling, and leverage. Hedge funds are less regulated and less transparent than mutual funds, with limited disclosure requirements and higher fees and expenses. Overall, the key differences between mutual funds and hedge funds can be summarized in terms of risk, return, transparency, regulation, and target investor type. Mutual funds are designed for retail investors seeking low-cost exposure to a diversified portfolio of securities, while hedge funds are designed for high-net-worth individuals and institutional investors seeking higher returns through alternative strategies with higher risk profiles.
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If na = 00, then this suggests that the A. larger burden of the tax is borne by the consumers O B. consumers pay a larger portion of the excise tax. O C. consumer price does not change when an excise tax is added to the sale of a good O D. consumers pay a smaller portion of the excise tax. 7 O E. entire burden of the tax is borne by the consumers.
option D is the correct answer
.When "na=00," the correct option is D, which is, "consumers pay a smaller portion of the excise tax." This statement is based on the analysis of the incidence of excise tax on demand and supply curves.The concept of an excise tax is used to explore the impact of taxes on the demand and supply of goods. The impact of the excise tax is primarily dependent on the relative elasticity of supply and demand. The consumers of the taxed goods are the primary burden-bearers.The term "na=00" suggests that the supply curve is highly elastic, whereas the demand curve is inelastic. In this scenario, the burden of tax falls mainly on the producers rather than consumers. The reason behind this is that producers have more control over price adjustments. Thus, the percentage of the tax on consumers is lower than the percentage of the tax on producers. Consumers pay a smaller portion of the excise tax because the producers adjust their prices by a small fraction to reduce the burden of the tax.
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As an applicant for the hospital food service assistant position, write not less than 200 words about how you have demonstrated sound interpersonal and communication skills together with an understanding of the needs and comforts of clients utilizing hospital services and an understanding of the need for good public relations.
Note: Give past examples relevant to your job as a kitchen staff/worker on how you have demonstrated these skills.
To give past examples relevant to your job as a kitchen staff/worker on how you have demonstrated these skills. Some possible examples of this are listed below.
One example of how you have demonstrated sound interpersonal and communication skills is by working with other members of the kitchen staff to ensure that meals are prepared and delivered in a timely and efficient manner. This might involve coordinating with other cooks and kitchen assistants to ensure that food is cooked and plated according to specific dietary requirements and preferences.
Another way that you have demonstrated these skills is by communicating with patients and their families in a professional and compassionate manner. This might involve taking special requests for certain types of food or accommodating dietary restrictions, as well as answering questions about the nutritional content of certain foods or how meals are prepared. In some cases, you may also need to provide emotional support or encouragement to patients who are struggling with their health or who are feeling isolated and lonely.
In addition to these examples, you can also demonstrate your understanding of the needs and comforts of clients utilizing hospital services by paying close attention to the cleanliness and hygiene of the kitchen and dining areas. This might involve wiping down surfaces and equipment after use, ensuring that food is stored and prepared in a safe and sanitary manner, and following all established protocols for food handling and preparation. You can also demonstrate your commitment to good public relations by being friendly and helpful to all patients and their families, as well as by working closely with hospital staff to ensure that meals are delivered in a timely and efficient manner.
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The adjusted trial balance of Wildhorse Co. at the end of its fiscal year, August 31, 2022, includes these accounts: Inventory $ 18,600, Purchases $ 151,000, Sales Revenue $ 190,000, Freight-In $ 8,600, Sales Returns and Allowances $ 2,900, Freight-Out $ 1,100, and Purchase Returns and Allowances $ 5,500. The ending inventory is $ 23,000.
Prepare a cost of goods sold section on the income statement for the year ending August 31, 2022
Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) is an accounting term that refers to the direct costs of generating the goods sold by a firm during a given period.
COGS includes only the cost of manufacturing and delivering the goods, not the overhead or administrative expenses of running the company. It is usually found on a company's income statement, and it is also one of the primary components that is used to calculate gross profit.
Here's how to prepare a cost of goods sold section on the income statement for the year ending August 31, 2022:
Net purchases = Purchases - Purchase returns and allowances
Net purchases = $151,000 - $5,500
Net purchases = $145,500
Cost of goods sold = Beginning inventory + Net purchases - Ending inventory cost of goods sold = $18,600 + $145,500 - $23,000
Cost of goods sold = $141,100
Therefore, the cost of goods sold section on the income statement for the year ending August 31, 2022, is $141,100.
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Firm A Produces good x and firm B produces good y with the following demand functions:
Qy=75-5Py-Px
Qx=150-10Px-4Py
Px=8 Py=4
Find the Cross Price Elasticity (the cross price elasticity. Price change of y)
Firm A and B will merge together. The firms have announced that the price of good Y will decrease by 1%. Will the Department of Justice allow this merge? Show mathematically and briefly explain.
The Cross Price Elasticity is calculated using the formula : (Percent Change in Quantity Demanded of Good X) / (Percent Change in Price of Good Y) .
We are given the following equations: Q y = 75 - 5Py - P x ----(1)Q x = 150 - 10Px - 4Py ----(2)P x = 8Py = 4Plugging in the values of P x and P y in the above equation we get: P x = 8Py = 4Px = 32Qy = 75 - 5(4) - 32Qy = 58Qx = 150 - 10(32) - 4(4)Q x = 70
Substituting the value of Q y in equation 1 we get: Q y = 75 - 5Py - Px58 = 75 - 5Py - 32-5Py = -15Py = 3Price elasticity of good Y with respect to good X = (Percent Change in Quantity Demanded of Good X) / (Percent Change in Price of Good Y)= [ (Change in Quantity Demanded of Good X / Initial Quantity of Good X) ] / [(Change in Price of Good Y / Initial Price of Good Y) ]=( ( ( Qx2 - Qx1) / Qx1 ) / ( ( Py2 - Py1) / Py1 )=( ( ( 150 - 10Px2 - 4Py2 ) - (150 - 10Px1 - 4Py1 ) / (150 - 10Px1 - 4Py1) ) / ( ( Py2 - Py1) / Py1 )=( ( ( 150 - 10(8) - 4(3) ) - (150 - 10(8) - 4(4) ) / (150 - 10(8) - 4(4) ) ) / ( ( 4(0.99) - 4 ) / 4 )= -0.92Department of justice will allow the merger if the cross-price elasticity of good Y with respect to good X is less than 1 in absolute value.
We are given two equations: Q y = 75 - 5Py - P x ----(1)Q x = 150 - 10Px - 4Py ----(2)We are also given Px = 8 and Py = 4Plugging in the values of P x and P y in the above equation we get: P x = 8Py = 4Px = 32Qy = 75 - 5(4) - 32Qy = 58Qx = 150 - 10(32) - 4(4)Q x = 70Now, Substituting the value of Q y in equation 1 we get: Q y = 75 - 5Py - Px58 = 75 - 5Py - 32-5Py = -15Py = 3
Therefore, Price elasticity of good Y with respect to good X = (Percent Change in Quantity Demanded of Good X) / (Percent Change in Price of Good Y)= [ (Change in Quantity Demanded of Good X / Initial Quantity of Good X) ] / [(Change in Price of Good Y / Initial Price of Good Y) ]=( ( ( Qx2 - Qx1) / Qx1 ) / ( ( Py2 - Py1) / Py1 )=( ( ( 150 - 10Px2 - 4Py2 ) - (150 - 10Px1 - 4Py1 ) / (150 - 10Px1 - 4Py1) ) / ( ( Py2 - Py1) / Py1 )=( ( ( 150 - 10(8) - 4(3) ) - (150 - 10(8) - 4(4) ) / (150 - 10(8) - 4(4) ) ) / ( ( 4(0.99) - 4 ) / 4 )= -0.92
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Do Independent projects should be prioritized according to their: Multiple Choice O profitability index O net present value O payback period O total cash flows
Independent projects should be prioritized according to their net present value. NPV (Net Present Value) is the most reliable way to evaluate an investment proposal since it considers the time value of money and calculates the present value of all expected cash inflows, which are the profits generated over the project's lifespan.
NPV is used to calculate the difference between the present value of an investment's cash inflows and the present value of its cash outflows, discounted at the project's cost of capital. If the NPV is positive, it suggests that the project will produce more cash inflows than it costs to finance, indicating that the project should be approved.
The profitability index can also be utilized to evaluate independent projects.
It is used to compare the efficiency of numerous projects. It takes into account the project's net present value as well as the initial cost of the project. The profitability index (PI) formula is the present value of the expected cash inflows divided by the initial cost of the project. If the PI is greater than one, the project is profitable. In other words, if the PI is greater than one, the project's expected returns are greater than its costs. Payback period, on the other hand, is the amount of time it takes for the initial investment to be recovered. It is the time it takes for the project's cash inflows to equal its cash outflows. It's an important measure of a project's risk because a shorter payback period indicates less risk. However, this technique has one major drawback: it overlooks the time value of money and fails to account for the investment's overall profitability. In conclusion, independent projects should be prioritized according to their net present value. The profitability index and payback period are secondary criteria that can be utilized to compare the efficiency and risk of various projects. Since the NPV metric considers the time value of money, it provides the most accurate and reliable evaluation of a project's profitability.
Independent projects should be prioritized according to their net present value, and NPV is the most reliable way to evaluate an investment proposal. The profitability index and payback period are secondary criteria that can be utilized to compare the efficiency and risk of various projects. Since the NPV metric considers the time value of money, it provides the most accurate and reliable evaluation of a project's profitability. The profitability index is used to compare the efficiency of multiple projects.
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3a. (10 marks) High and rising inequality harms our societies in many respects, not least in terms of economic growth. It can hamper social cohesion, results in lost opportunities for many, and can even result in worse health outcomes. Briefly discuss this statement with reference to the main drivers of income inequality and the policies necessary to promote inclusive growth. (15 marks)
The statement "High and rising inequality harms our societies in many respects, not least in terms of economic growth. It can hamper social cohesion, results in lost opportunities for many, and can even result in worse health outcomes" is accurate as income inequality is linked to a wide range of negative social and economic consequences.
The following are the primary drivers of income inequality:
1. Education: Education is one of the most important factors in determining someone's earnings. People who complete higher education are more likely to be employed in higher-paying jobs.
2. Globalisation:
Globalisation has resulted in increased trade and cross-border investments, but it has also resulted in greater inequality within countries as industries move to countries with lower wages.
3. Technological innovation: Technological advancement has resulted in a significant reduction in low-skilled jobs, which has contributed to income inequality.
Policies necessary to promote inclusive growth are:
1. Education: Education is one of the most critical policies to reduce income inequality. Greater access to high-quality education can help to level the playing field by increasing the number of skilled workers.
2. Progressive taxation: Taxes can be used to redistribute income from the wealthy to the poor. A more progressive tax system can be used to accomplish this.
3. Minimum wage laws: A minimum wage can ensure that all employees receive a basic level of income, resulting in reduced income inequality.
4. Social safety net programs: Social programs, such as welfare and food assistance, can help those in poverty.
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1 points Save Answer Question 13 CASE: Cheese manufacturing results in a concomitant, called brine (water+ salt). Instead of throwing it away, Canadian cheese factories sell brine to municipalities to use it in melting snow on the roads. This helps offset their cheese production cost, which allows them to sell their cheese at a competitively lower price. QUESTION: Which Product Mix Pricing strategy is being used in this example? For the toolbar, press ALT+F10 (PC) or ALT+FN+F10 (Mac).
Previous question
The product mix pricing strategy that is being used in this example is product bundle pricing.
Product bundle pricing is a pricing strategy in which companies combine several of their products and offer them at a reduced price. Customers get a discount when they purchase a product bundle. In the given case, cheese manufacturing results in a concomitant called brine. Instead of throwing it away, Canadian cheese factories sell brine to municipalities to use it in melting snow on the roads.
As a result, the cheese factories can lower their cheese production costs and offer their cheese at a more affordable price. Therefore, the factories are offering a bundle of products, the cheese, and the brine, at a lower price. This illustrates the product bundle pricing strategy.
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As a cohesion case (vision/mission of a company) go to the main
website of cocacola, click on our company, then click mission,
vision and values. then find the company's vision statement and do
a shor
The vision statement of Coca Cola is "To refresh the world in mind, body, and spirit, and inspire moments of optimism; to create value and make a difference."
Coca Cola is one of the world's largest producers of soft drinks. The company was established in 1892 and is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Its flagship product, Coca Cola, was invented in 1886 by John Pemberton. The company's vision statement, mission statement, and values are shown on their website, which makes it easy to access for their stakeholders, employees, and customers.Vision: To refresh the world in mind, body, and spirit, and inspire moments of optimism; to create value and make a difference.Mission: To create and inspire moments of happiness and optimism in the world.Values: Lead with a refreshing heart, Challenge the impossible, Inspire creativity, and act like owners.
The company's vision statement reveals that it aims to refresh the world, not only through its products but also through inspiration. The statement includes the words "mind, body, and spirit" which implies that Coca Cola is not only concerned with physical refreshment but also emotional and spiritual refreshment. This vision statement clearly shows that Coca Cola is focused on creating value and making a positive difference in the world.Overall, the vision statement, mission statement, and values of Coca Cola demonstrate the company's commitment to refreshment, happiness, optimism, and making a positive difference in the world.
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when analyzing the competitive price environment, marketers must consider which two key aspects?
When analyzing the competitive price environment, marketers must consider the following two key aspects:1. Customer sensitivity to price: It is important to determine how much customers are willing to pay for a product or service.
Customers who are very price-sensitive will choose the lowest-priced product regardless of other considerations such as quality or brand name.
Other customers may be willing to pay more for certain features or benefits.2. Competitor pricing and positioning: It is critical to analyze the prices of competitors and their product positioning in the market.
Competitors' prices and how they compare to one's own prices should be analyzed thoroughly to establish a competitive price point.
A brand's prices should be based on the value offered to consumers in terms of features, quality, and benefits.Given the constraints of the question, it is possible to provide an answer within the specified word limit.
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The market for tomatoes in New Brunswick is an equilibrium price of $0.89/kg and an equilibrium quantity of 907kg. Explain what would happen if the government decided to implement a price ceiling at $0.70
If the government decided to implement a price ceiling at $0.70 for tomatoes in the market of New Brunswick, it would create a situation where the price cannot exceed that limit. This would have several effects on the market.
Shortage: The price ceiling of $0.70 is below the equilibrium price of $0.89. As a result, the quantity demanded by consumers at the lower price would exceed the quantity supplied by producers. This would lead to a shortage in the market, meaning that the quantity demanded would exceed the quantity available for sale.
Increased Demand: The lower price due to the price ceiling would incentivize consumers to demand more tomatoes. As the price decreases, consumers are likely to increase their purchases. This would further exacerbate the shortage in the market.
Reduced Supply: The price ceiling may discourage tomato producers from supplying tomatoes to the market. With the price capped at $0.70, some producers may find it unprofitable to continue producing tomatoes or reduce their production. This can lead to a decrease in the quantity supplied, aggravating the shortage.
To illustrate the impact, let's assume that the demand for tomatoes remains the same at 907 kg. However, the supply decreases due to the price ceiling. Let's say the quantity supplied reduces by 10% to 816.3 kg.
Equilibrium Price: $0.89/kg
Equilibrium Quantity: 907 kg
With the price ceiling at $0.70, the quantity demanded remains at 907 kg, but the quantity supplied decreases to 816.3 kg. This creates a shortage of 90.7 kg (907 kg - 816.3 kg).
Implementing a price ceiling at $0.70 for tomatoes in the New Brunswick market would result in a shortage, increased demand from consumers, and reduced supply from producers. The quantity demanded at the lower price would exceed the quantity supplied, leading to a mismatch in the market. This can create market inefficiencies and potentially impact the availability and affordability of tomatoes for consumers.
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You expect to receive two cash flows: $44,000 paid in 5 years and $66,000 paid in 10 years. You'll put the money into a savings account with an annual interest rate of 2%.
1) What is the future value of the combined cash flows, in 15 years?
The future value of the combined cash flows in 15 years is approximately $128,494.29.
For the first cash flow of $44,000 received in 5 years, we can use the future value formula:
FV1 = PV1 * (1 + r)^n1
Where:
FV1 = Future value of the first cash flow
PV1 = Present value of the first cash flow ($44,000)
r = Interest rate per period (2% per year)
n1 = Number of periods for the first cash flow (15 years - 5 years = 10 years)
The future value of the combined cash flows, $44,000 paid in 5 years and $66,000 paid in 10 years, with an annual interest rate of 2% in 15 years, is approximately $124,097.For the first cash flow of $44,000 in 5 years, the future value is calculated as $44,000 × (1 + 0.02)^5 = $48,824.
For the second cash flow of $66,000 in 10 years, the future value is calculated as $66,000 × (1 + 0.02)^10 = $79,580.Adding the future values of both cash flows, we get $48,824 + $79,580 = $128,404.Therefore, the future value of the combined cash flows in 15 years is approximately $124,097.
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What do we know about the slope of an individual worker's labour supply curve?
A. It cannot slope downward.
B. It slopes downward if that person responds to a higher wage by taking fewer hours of leisure per week.
C. It slopes downward if that person responds to a higher opportunity cost of leisure by working fewer hours per
week
D. It is horizontal if that person works the same number of hours per week, regardless of the opportunity cost of
leisure
The correct answer is C. It slopes downward if that person responds to a higher opportunity cost of leisure by working fewer hours per week.
The slope of an individual worker's labor supply curve represents the relationship between the wage rate and the quantity of labor supplied. It reflects how individuals respond to changes in the wage or the opportunity cost of leisure. Option A is incorrect because the labor supply curve can slope downward if individuals respond to changes in the wage rate or opportunity cost of leisure. Option B is not necessarily true for all individuals as some individuals may respond to a higher wage by taking fewer hours of leisure, while others may respond differently.
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A diagram with a 45-degree line and a spending line is sometimes called a _________ or _________ diagram.
A diagram with a 45-degree line and a spending line is sometimes called a Keynesian cross or an income-expenditure diagram.
Keynesian cross diagram is a graphical representation that shows how changes in aggregate expenditures on goods and services affect the level of real GDP.The 45-degree line represents all points where actual expenditure (AE) is equal to real income (Y). This implies that income and expenditure are equal at equilibrium.
The spending line represents the aggregate spending, that is, the sum of consumption (C), investment (I), government spending (G), and net exports (NX).When the spending line intersects the 45-degree line, it shows equilibrium, where aggregate spending equals real income. If the spending line is above the 45-degree line.
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Harvey Company issued $210,000 of ten-year bonds to yield 11% when the stated rate of bonds was 9%. Present value interest factors (PVIF) are: 9% 11% PVIF of $1, 10 years 0.42241 0.35218 PVIF of annuity of $1, 10 yrs 6.41766 5.88923 The entry to record the bond issuance would be O DR Cash 88,221 DR Bond Premium 11,779 CR Bonds Payable 100,000 O DR Cash 88,221 DR Bond Discount 11,779 CR Bonds Payable 100,000 O DR Cash 111,779 CR Bond premium 11,779 CR Bonds payable 100,000 DR Cash 111,779 CR Bond discount 11,779 CR Bonds payable 100,000
Harvey need to consider the calculation of bond premium or discount, and the journal entry required for bond issuance. Hence, this will be a long answer.How to calculate the bond premium or discount. Bonds that are issued at a higher interest rate than the current market rate result in a bond premium.
Similarly, bonds issued at a lower interest rate than the current market rate results in a bond discount.To calculate the bond premium or discount, we first need to calculate the present value of the bond. To calculate the present value of a bond, we use the following formula:PV of bond = PVIF of annuity x periodic interest payment + PVIF of principal paymentNow that we have all the required information to calculate the present value of the bond, we will plug in the values:PV of bond = 5.88923 x $210,000 x 0.09 + 0.35218 x $210,000= $1,057,412.2Hence, the present value of the bond is $1,057,412.2. Since the bond is issued at $210,000.
Bond premium/discount = Present value of bond - Face value of bond= $1,057,412.2 - $210,000= $847,412.2Hence, the bond premium is $847,412.2.How to make the journal entry for bond issuance?To record the bond issuance, we need to make the following journal entry:DR Cash xxxDR Bond Premium xxxCR Bonds Payable xxxWhere:Cash is debited for the actual cash received.Bond premium is debited for the excess amount of the face value received.Bonds payable is credited for the face value of the bonds issued.
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ABC Inc. wishes to buy new machinery that would cost $166,000, but it would lead to increased output, higher sales, and higher costs. Moreover, the firm would receive $100,000 after taxes for the old machine. The new machine would result in sales of $120,000 per year versus old sales of $70,000, and the new costs would be $40,000 versus old costs of $20,000. Finally, the old machine was being depreciated at the rate of $10,000 per year, but the new machine would have $30,000 of annual depreciation. The marginal tax rate is 25 percent and WACC is 10 percent. Based on these figures, and assuming the new and old machines both have a life of four years, find the incremental cash flows.
To find the incremental cash flows, we need to calculate the difference between the cash flows generated by the new machine and the cash flows generated by the old machine. Here's how we can calculate each component:
1. Incremental Sales:
Incremental Sales = New Sales - Old Sales
= $120,000 - $70,000
= $50,000
2. Incremental Costs:
Incremental Costs = New Costs - Old Costs
= $40,000 - $20,000
= $20,000
3. Incremental Depreciation:
Incremental Depreciation = New Depreciation - Old Depreciation
= $30,000 - $10,000
= $20,000
4. Incremental Tax Savings (due to higher depreciation):
Incremental Tax Savings = Incremental Depreciation * Tax Rate
= $20,000 * 0.25
= $5,000
5. Incremental Salvage Value (from selling the old machine):
Incremental Salvage Value = Salvage Value of New Machine - Salvage Value of Old Machine
= $0 - $100,000
= -$100,000
6. Incremental Initial Investment:
Incremental Initial Investment = Cost of New Machine - Salvage Value of Old Machine
= $166,000 - $100,000
= $66,000
Now, we can calculate the incremental cash flows for each year:
Year 1:
Incremental Cash Flow = Incremental Sales - Incremental Costs - Incremental Depreciation + Incremental Tax Savings
= $50,000 - $20,000 - $20,000 + $5,000
= $15,000
Years 2 to 4:
Incremental Cash Flow = Incremental Sales - Incremental Costs - Incremental Depreciation
= $50,000 - $20,000 - $20,000
= $10,000
Year 4 (includes Incremental Salvage Value):
Incremental Cash Flow = Incremental Sales - Incremental Costs - Incremental Depreciation + Incremental Salvage Value
= $50,000 - $20,000 - $20,000 - $100,000
= -$90,000
Therefore, the incremental cash flows over the four-year period would be as follows:
Year 1: $15,000
Year 2: $10,000
Year 3: $10,000
Year 4: -$90,000
Note: The incremental cash flows represent the difference between the cash flows generated by the new machine and the cash flows generated by the old machine. Positive values indicate additional cash inflows, while negative values indicate cash outflows.
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A partnership business, YAA Restaurant are owned by Yasin, Ammar and Ahmad. The business was commenced in year 2019 with financial year end on 31 December annually. . The following information is available for the financial year ended 31 December 2021:
Statement of Profit or Loss
For the year ended 31 December 2021
Revenue
Note
RM
RM
610,258
Other income:
Rental
1
65,000
Gain on disposal of assets
2
2,000
Less: Operating Expenses
677,258
Advertisement
2,740
Quit rent and assessment
1,600
Partners’ salary
82,800
Partners’ interest on capital
13,780
Partners’ life insurance premium
3
4,500
Depreciation
15,000
Loan payment
60,000
Donation
4
15,000
Repair and maintenance 10,000 (205,420) Net profit 471,838
Notes to the account:
Rental income is from the shop house owned by them. Included in the rental income are year 2022 rental and deposit of utility, RM15,000 and RM8,000, respectively.
The partnership sold restaurant’s furniture for RM8,000. The furniture was bought in year 2018 for RM13,000.
Insurance premium for Yasin, Ammar and Ahmad were RM1,800, RM2,000 and RM700 per year, respectively.
Donation to an approved institution on 31 December 2021.
Additional information:
On 1 May 2021, Ammar left the partnership and Ali joined in. Ammar withdrew all his capital and profit.
Information from the partnership agreement:
Yasin
Ammar
Ahmad
Ali
Capital contribution
RM45,000
RM60,000
RM30,000
RM24,000
Salary (per month)
RM3,000
RM1,200
RM2,500
RM1,500
Profit (loss) sharing
1.1-30.4.2021
30%
50%
20%
-
1.5-31.12.2021
35%
-
55%
10%
Interest on capital has changed as follows: 1.1-30.4.2021 10%
1.5-31.12.2021 8%
Capital allowance for the year 2021 was RM15,000 not included the newly acquired motor vehicle, Honda HRV for the use of the business on hire purchase with the terms as follows:
RM
Cost 130,000
Deposit paid on 1 August 2021 10% on cost
Term of repayment 36 months
Yasin is a part-time photographer. In the year 202, he received RM6,000 from his part-time job. While Ahmad earned royalty income from his cooking books amounted to RM55,000. Ali also rented-out his vacant land at Cameron Highlands to an agriculture company and being paid for RM72,000 for the year.
Required:
Calculate the total income of each partner the year of assessment 2021. Show all workings. Annual allowance rate is 20% for motor vehicle.
Computation for the Income of each partner in YAA Restaurant for the year 2021:ParticularsYasin (RM)Ammar (RM)Ahmad (RM)Ali (RM)Revenue610,258 Less: Operating Expenses:(677,258)Net loss(67,000) (33,500) (26,800) (6,700) Other income:Rental65,00065,00065,00065,000 Gain on disposal of assets2,0002,0002,0002,000.
Total Income (Loss)(0)31,50040,20061,300 Note: The total income (loss) is then divided based on their profit-sharing ratio. On 1 May 2021, Ammar left the partnership and Ali joined. Hence, the profit sharing ratio changes. The profit and loss sharing ratio for the period of 1 January 2021 to 30 April 2021 were: Yasin (30%), Ammar (50%) and Ahmad (20%).The profit and loss sharing ratio for the period of 1 May 2021 to 31 December 2021 were: Yasin (35%), Ahmad (55%) and Ali (10%). Calculation of Income for Yasin:Particulars1 Jan - 30 Apr 20211 May - 31 Dec 2021 TotalRevenue610,258610,258Less: Operating Expenses:(677,258)(677,258)Net loss(67,000)(67,000)Add:
Rental income65,00065,000Add: Interest on capital (RM45,000 × 10% × 4/12)1,500 - 1,500 Add: Change in interest on capital(RM45,000 × 8% × 8/12)1,200 - 1,200Less: Part-time photographer income (6,000) - (6,000)Add: Capital allowance on vehicle(20% × RM130,000)26,000 - 26,000Total Income (Loss) (19,300)(2,000)(21,300)Calculation of Income for Ammar:Particulars1 Jan - 30 Apr 2021 TotalRevenue610,258Less: Operating Expenses:(677,258)Net loss(67,000)Add: Interest on capital (RM60,000 × 50% × 4/12)1,500Less: Withdrawal of capital and profit(60,000)Total Income (Loss)(125,500)Calculation of Income for Ahmad:Particulars1 Jan - 30 Apr 20211 May - 31 Dec 2021
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Aggregate Demand & Aggregate Supply 01 6 Points Across the United States, the price of houses rose dramatically from 2001 to 2006. If this made homeowners feel wealthier, then it would shift O aggregate demand left. O aggregate supply right. O aggregate supply left. O aggregate demand right. Q3 Aggregate Demand & Aggregate Supply 02 6 Points In the short run, recessions in Canada and Mexico, both countries trade with the U.S., will cause O the U.S. price level and real GDP to rise. O the U.S. price level and real GDP to fall. O the U.S. price level to rise and real GDP to fall. O the U.S. price level to fall and real GDP to rise.
If the rising price of houses made homeowners feel wealthier, it would shift aggregate demand right.
When homeowners feel wealthier due to the rising price of houses, it tends to increase their overall purchasing power and consumer confidence. This leads to higher levels of consumption spending, which is a component of aggregate demand. As a result, the aggregate demand curve shifts to the right, indicating an increase in overall demand for goods and services in the economy.
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Statement:
During the years immediately after world war 1, Germany, Russia and Turkey give examples of new styles of government that would be copied in various forms around the globe during the rest of the century.
suggest in 200-250 words why that style might have been chosen:
(1. How was New Russian Government different to the style of Russian government used before World War 1?
2. What social or economic or political problem did it seem to be trying to fix most?)
The years that followed after World War I saw the emergence of different styles of government that have been copied in different forms across the world. Examples of these new styles of government that emerged include Germany, Turkey, and Russia.
1. Russia was under an autocratic system before World War I, where the Tsar had absolute power over the people. During the war, there were many complaints from the people, including the lack of food and other essential resources.
2. The Tsarist system created a vast gap between the rich and the poor, which the new government aimed to address. The new government wanted to create a society where everyone would be equal. This was achieved through the introduction of socialism.
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1 BPR (Business Process Redesign) requires a systematic approach to improve processes. When you go out into the real world after graduation, you will need to redesign a business process regardless of the industry you join. Even before you think of your future, if you had working experience in a certain company or an organisation, including a restaurant or café, you might have wanted to improve things there. Now, this is your opportunity to virtually implement your ideas to redesign a business process in your interest. Specifically, describe how you would apply the first FOUR steps of the Seven Step Method as a systematic approach to your own BPR project. Using your own (hypothetical) example project scenario, describe things (or activities) to be done in EACH step of the first FOUR steps of the Seven Step Method. Your answers SHOULD include practical aspects of your hypothetical scenario and also apply specific charts/diagrams/tools discussed in the classroom. Please answer all of the following sub-questions (1-7). For all the sub-questions, you need to relate your answers to the practical context of your project scenario as much as possible. You can copy and paste the sub-questions (1-7) in your text box and then start typing your answers. 1. Title of your hypothetical project: 2. Name of the process selected to be redesigned for your hypothetical project: 3. Reasons and Goals of your BPR project: 4. [Step 1] Define Problem Area: 5. [Step 2] Assess the Current Situation: 6. [Step 3] Analyse the Causes - analyse data and root causes: 7. [Step 4] Try Improvement Theory:
Title of your hypothetical project: The title of the hypothetical project is "Streamlining Order Placement and Fulfillment Process in a Café."
The process selected to be redesigned is the order placement and fulfillment process. The reasons and goals of the BPR project are as follows:Reasons: Inefficient and slow order placement process resulting in long waiting times for customers; Uncoordinated and slow fulfillment process causing delays in order preparation and delivery; Inaccuracies in order delivery resulting in customer dissatisfactionGoals: To reduce waiting time for customers; To reduce the time required for order preparation and delivery; To eliminate inaccuracies in-order delivery.
Identify the problem areas through observations, data collection, and customer feedback. The problem areas identified are as follows: Long waiting times for customers; Uncoordinated order fulfillment process; Inaccuracies in-order delivery. The current situation is analyzed in terms of the following factors: Order placement and fulfillment process; Performance metrics such as lead time, cycle time, and delivery time; Staffing levels; Technology infrastructure; Customer feedback.
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- How to find the sales revenue for manufacturers' income statements. When Manufacturing costs $7.75, retailers pay $16.275 and MRSP is $24.41. Assume 3950 units are sold monthly at a growth rate of 8%.
- Also calculate the COGS & Gross profit.
By using the formulas of sales revenue, COGS and gross profit, the sales revenue for the manufacturer's income statement is found to be $96,299.50, the COGS is found to be $30,512.50, and the gross profit is found to be $65,787.00.
In this scenario, the number of units sold per month is given as 3950, with a growth rate of 8%. To find the sales revenue, we multiply the number of units sold by the selling price per unit. Thus, the sales revenue can be calculated as 3950 units * $24.41 = $96,299.50. To calculate the cost of goods sold (COGS), we multiply the number of units sold by the manufacturing cost per unit. So, the COGS can be determined as 3950 units * $7.75 = $30,512.50.
Finally, the gross profit can be calculated by subtracting the COGS from the sales revenue. Therefore, the gross profit is $96,299.50 - $30,512.50 = $65,787.00. Thus, the sales revenue for the manufacturer's income statement is $96,299.50, the COGS is $30,512.50, and the gross profit is $65,787.00.
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