To display text in browsers that do not support the video element, place text between the tags. To have a video begin playing as soon as it loads in a desktop browser, it must have the autoplay property. Thus, option 1. (a) 2. (a) c. (b) is correct.
You can insert text between the video> and /video> tags to make it visible in browsers that do not support the video element.
You must utilize the autoplay attribute in the video> tag in order to have a video begin playing as soon as it loads in a desktop browser. The autoplay attribute, when specified, is a Boolean attribute, according to the search results from W3Schools, Geeks for Geeks, Mozilla, and HubSpot.
The controls attribute of the audio> tag must be used to add a play button to an audio element. GeeksforGeeks' search engine results indicate.
Thus, option 1. (a) 2. (a) c. (b) is correct.
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Consider a composite analog signal containing frequencies between 15 kHz and 110 kHz. a) [1 mark] Determine the bandwidth of the composite signal. b) [2 marks] Determine the bandwidth required if 24 of these composite signals need to be frequency-division multiplexed for transmission. Assume there are guard bands of 5 kHz between the channels to prevent interference.
The bandwidth of the composite signal is 95 kHz, while the bandwidth required for 24 such signals, with the inclusion of 5 kHz guard bands between channels, would be 2.38 MHz.
The bandwidth of a composite signal is determined by the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies it contains. In this case, the composite signal contains frequencies from 15 kHz to 110 kHz. Hence, the bandwidth would be 110 kHz - 15 kHz = 95 kHz. If 24 of these composite signals are to be frequency-division multiplexed for transmission, with each channel separated by a 5 kHz guard band to prevent interference, the total bandwidth required would be (95 kHz signal bandwidth + 5 kHz guard band) * 24 signals = 2.38 MHz.
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In Agile development, what is a "spike"?
Group of answer choices
a) A user story to estimate the effort required for another user story.
b) A user story that can be completed in a single day.
c) A unit test for a condition that logically cannot happen.
d) A unit test that is expected to throw an exception
A spike is intended to provide enough information about the problem to help the team to estimate it in the future. Therefore, the correct answer is Option E.
In Agile development, "Spike" refers to a time-boxed research or development activity that is conducted to solve a particular problem or investigate a solution to a particular issue that arises unexpectedly.
A spike is intended to provide enough information about the problem to help the team to estimate it in the future. Therefore, the correct answer is Option E: A time-boxed research or development activity that is conducted to solve a particular problem or investigate a solution to a particular issue that arises unexpectedly.
Sometimes a spike is undertaken to evaluate the technical feasibility of the user story, investigate and recognize various approaches to solving the problem, or for exploring an unknown solution that hasn't been done before, like a new technology. The spike is an activity, not a user story or a unit test.
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Discuss the importance of understanding basic algebra, probability, and modular arithmetic when working with cryptographic functions.
Which topic of math is important for cryptography?
What are the characteristic of cryptography that will motivate deeper mathematical understanding?
Include your thoughts on each of these three topics and back them up with reference material.
Cryptography is a vital aspect of information security that is designed to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of information transferred via electronic means. Cryptography is based on mathematical concepts and algorithms that require a strong mathematical foundation.
which includes understanding of basic algebra, probability, and modular arithmetic. The importance of these mathematical topics to cryptography is discussed below:Basic Algebra: Basic algebra involves the manipulation and transformation of mathematical expressions and equations using symbols and variables. This type of math is used in cryptography to create complex algorithms that are used to encrypt and decrypt data. In particular, modular arithmetic is an essential concept in algebra that is used in cryptography to implement public key encryption and decryption.
For instance, RSA encryption is based on the modular exponentiation algorithm, which requires a strong understanding of modular arithmetic.Probability: Probability involves the study of random events and their likelihood of occurrence. In cryptography, probability is used to develop secure protocols that ensure the integrity of data transferred over insecure networks. For example, probabilistic encryption algorithms are used to generate random numbers that are used to encrypt and decrypt data, thus ensuring that the encryption key cannot be easily guessed.
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You are going to design and implement a shop app using flutter. You do not need to store the sopping items in a database. You can use a simple list. You need to allow users to pick their items and to display their shopping bag total.
To design and implement a shop app using Flutter, a simple list can be used to store the shopping items instead of a database. The app should allow users to select items and display the total cost of their shopping bag.
Using Flutter, you can create a user interface with various screens such as a product catalog, a shopping cart, and a checkout screen. The product catalog can be displayed using a ListView, where each item is represented as a ListTile. Tapping on an item can add it to the shopping cart, which can be implemented as a List. The shopping cart can be accessed from any screen using a floating action button or a persistent bottom bar. To calculate the total cost, each item in the shopping cart can have a price associated with it. When the user adds or removes an item, the total cost should be updated accordingly. This can be done by iterating through the shopping cart list and summing up the prices of the selected items. Overall, by using a simple list to store shopping items and implementing the necessary UI elements and logic, you can create a shop app in Flutter that allows users to pick items and displays their shopping bag total.
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What are 5 of the technical decisions that must be made during planning? I
During the planning stage of a project, technical decisions are vital to ensure that the project is well-executed and meets all necessary requirements. Below are the five technical decisions that must be made during planning:1.
Database selection: Choosing a suitable database management system is a critical technical decision. Databases are necessary to store and retrieve data that is essential to the project's functionality, performance, and security.
The database selected must be compatible with the project's platform and ensure efficient performance and easy maintenance.3. Architecture selection: The project's architecture is another essential technical decision. It is crucial to choose the appropriate architecture since it will determine how the different components of the project interact and integrate with each other.
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You have two tables named Customers and Orders in your database, both in Sales schema. Create a view, getTopCustomers, that retrieves only the five most recent orders and customer company names who placed these orders.
To create a view getTopCustomers that retrieves only the five most recent orders and customer company names who placed these orders, we must follow the below steps:Step 1: Connect to the databaseStep 2: Create two tables named Customers and Orders in your database,
both in Sales schema.Step 3: Create a view with the following query:CREATE VIEW getTopCustomers ASSELECT TOP 5 Orders.OrderDate, Customers.CompanyName FROM Orders INNER JOIN Customers ON Orders.CustomerID = Customers.CustomerID ORDER BY Orders.OrderDate DESC;This query uses the TOP 5 command to retrieve the five most recent orders and the company name of the customer who placed each order.
The INNER JOIN clause is used to combine data from both tables, and the ORDER BY clause sorts the data in descending order by the order date.Step 4: Verify the view by executing the following query:SELECT * FROM getTopCustomers;This query should return a table with five rows, each containing the order date and company name of a customer who placed an order. If the query does not return the expected results, review the view definition and query for errors.Overall, the above query creates a view called getTopCustomers that retrieves the five most recent orders and customer company names who placed these orders. The view combines data from the Orders and Customers tables and sorts the data in descending order by the order date. The view definition is verified by executing a SELECT query on the view.
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In Cisco packet tracer, use 6 Switches and 3 routers, rename switches to{ Reshad } followed by a number (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4). Rename routers{ Rahmani} followed with some numbers. Now, configure console line, and telnet on each of them.
and Create 4 VLANS on each switch, and to each VLAN connect at least 5 host devices.
The Host devices should receive IP addresses via DHCP.
configure inter VLAN routing, also make sure that on a same switch a host on one VLAN is able to interact to the host on another VLAN.
For creating VLANs the use of VTP is preferred.
A dynamic, static, or a combination of both must be used as a routing mechanism.
The network design has to be debugged and tested for each service that has been implemented, the screenshot of the test result is required in the report.
The users must have internet service from a single ISP or multiple ISPs, use NAT services.
please share the Cisco packet tracer file of it aswell.
I can guide you through the steps to configure the network as per your requirements.
To set up the network in Cisco Packet Tracer with 6 switches and 3 routers, follow these steps:
1. Add 6 switches and 3 routers to the Packet Tracer workspace.
2. Rename the switches as "Reshad1", "Reshad2", "Reshad3", "Reshad4", "Reshad5", and "Reshad6".
3. Rename the routers as "Rahmani1", "Rahmani2", and "Rahmani3".
4. Configure the console line and enable Telnet on each switch and router.
5. Create 4 VLANs on each switch using the VLAN configuration commands.
6. Connect at least 5 host devices to each VLAN on the respective switches.
7. Set up DHCP services on the switches to provide IP addresses to the host devices.
8. Configure inter-VLAN routing on the routers to allow communication between hosts on different VLANs.
9. Use VTP (VLAN Trunking Protocol) to manage VLANs across the switches.
10. Set up dynamic routing (such as OSPF or EIGRP) or static routing between the routers to enable communication between different networks.
11. Configure NAT services on one of the routers to provide internet access to the users.
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5. Algorithm analysis (Ex.5.6-1)
a. If we measure the size of an instance of the problem of computing the great est common divisor of m and n by the size of the second parameter n, by how much can the size decrease after one iteration of Euclid's algorithm?
The size of an instance of the problem of computing the greatest common divisor (GCD) of m and n can decrease by a factor of at least half after one iteration of Euclid's algorithm.
Euclid's algorithm for finding the GCD of two numbers involves repeatedly dividing the larger number by the smaller number until the remainder becomes zero. In each iteration, the algorithm replaces the larger number with the smaller number and the smaller number with the remainder.
Considering the size of the second parameter, n, as the measure of the instance's size, one iteration of Euclid's algorithm reduces the value of n to the remainder obtained from the division. Since the remainder is always smaller than the divisor, the size of the instance decreases.
In the worst case scenario, where the remainder is significantly smaller than the divisor, the size reduction can be roughly estimated to at least half. However, the actual decrease depends on the specific values of m and n. Nevertheless, Euclid's algorithm exhibits a significant reduction in the size of the instance with each iteration, contributing to its efficiency in finding the GCD.
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Java code for finding the independent set of the adjacency
matrix. ask for user input.
import java.util.*;
public class IndependentSet {
// Code here...}
Here is a Java code snippet that finds the independent set of an adjacency matrix based on user input.
```java
import java.util.*;
public class IndependentSet {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter the number of vertices: ");
int n = scanner.nextInt();
int[][] adjacencyMatrix = new int[n][n];
System.out.println("Enter the adjacency matrix:");
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
adjacencyMatrix[i][j] = scanner.nextInt();
}
}
List<Integer> independentSet = findIndependentSet(adjacencyMatrix);
System.out.println("Independent Set: " + independentSet);
}
public static List<Integer> findIndependentSet(int[][] adjacencyMatrix) {
List<Integer> independentSet = new ArrayList<>();
int n = adjacencyMatrix.length;
boolean[] visited = new boolean[n];
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if (!visited[i]) {
independentSet.add(i);
visited[i] = true;
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
if (adjacencyMatrix[i][j] == 1) {
visited[j] = true;
}
}
}
}
return independentSet;
}
}
```
The code begins by taking user input for the number of vertices and the adjacency matrix representing the graph. The `findIndependentSet` method iterates through each vertex and checks if it has been visited. If a vertex has not been visited, it adds it to the independent set and marks it as visited. Then, it marks all the adjacent vertices as visited as well.
Finally, the code prints the independent set that was found.
Note: The adjacency matrix should be entered in a way that represents the connections between vertices (1 if connected, 0 if not connected). The independent set is a set of vertices in a graph where no two vertices are adjacent.
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create a class called box that has the following attributes : lenght, width and height and the following two functions declarations : setBoxDimensions which accepts three parameters: w, l and h getVolume which has no parameters
Please type out answers in C++
Here is the C++ program for the class called Box that has the following attributes:length, width and height and the following two function declarations:setBoxDimensions which accepts three parameters: w, l and hget
Volume which has no parameters:```
#includeusing namespace std;
class Box
{
private:double length,width,height;
public:void setBoxDimensions(double l,double w,double h)
{
length=l;
width=w;
height=h;
}
double getVolume()
{
return length*width*height;
}
}
int main()
{
Box b;
double l,w,h;
cout<<"Enter length, width, and height of the box: ";
cin>>l>>w>>h;
b.setBoxDimensions(l,w,h);
cout<<"The volume of the box is: "<
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Given the binary address of 11101100 00010001 00001100 00001011, which address does this represent in dotted decimal format?
The binary address of 11101100 00010001 00001100 00001011, 236.17.12.11, address does this represent in dotted decimal format.
We must split the binary number into four octets and convert each octet to numeric format in order to convert the binary address 11101100 00010001 00001100 00001011 to marked decimal format.
11101100 = represent as 23600010001 = represent as 1700001100 = represent as 1200001011 = represent as 11It is represented by the dotted decimal number 236.17.12.11
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Using the fixed-point iteration method, solve the given equation
and find its roots using MATLAB code only.
Eqn: x4+x3+x2+x-5
To solve the equation x4+x3+x2+x-5 using the fixed-point iteration method and MATLAB code, follow these steps:Step 1: Rewrite the equation in the form of x = g(x).
In this case, we can rearrange the equation to get x = 5 - x4 - x3 - x2.Step 2: Define a starting value for x, say x0, and use the fixed-point iteration formula to find the next value of x. The formula is x(i+1) = g(x(i)).
Repeat step 2 until convergence is achieved. Convergence occurs when the absolute difference between two successive values of x is less than some predetermined tolerance value. To implement these steps in MATLAB, we can use a for loop. Here's the code.
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You and Alice and Bob are considering variants of the Pokemon problem. In the opti- mization problem we are looking for the minimum set of packs, and there are multiple ways to convert it to a decision problem (you probably used the standard method of adding a threshold variable k above). Alice considers the question "Is there a collection of packs of size 5 (or less) that includes one of every card in the set?". Bob considers the question "Is there a collection of packs of size [] (or less) that includes one of every card in the set?". Are Alice and Bob's versions of the problem NP-complete? Either way, justify your answer with a proof.
In the given problem, Alice considers the question of whether there exists a collection of packs of size 5 (or less) that includes at least one of every card in the set. On the other hand, Bob considers the question of whether there exists a collection of packs of size (unknown) that includes at least one of every card in the set.
We need to determine whether Alice and Bob's versions of the problem are NP-complete or not.A problem is said to be in NP if a proposed solution can be verified in polynomial time, and is said to be NP-complete if it can be reduced in polynomial time to any other NP-complete problem. If we are able to reduce an NP-complete problem to another problem, then that problem is also NP-complete. Let us assume that the minimum set of packs required to achieve the objective can be obtained in polynomial time.
In this case, the optimization problem will be in P. Now, we can convert it into a decision problem by using the standard method of adding a threshold variable k, which represents the minimum number of packs required to achieve the objective. If we can find a k such that the decision problem is solvable, then we can solve the optimization problem as well.The decision problem for Alice's version of the problem can be stated as follows: "Is there a collection of packs of size 5 (or less) that includes at least one of every card in the set, using k or fewer packs?"We can use a similar approach to convert Bob's version of the problem into a decision problem.
Let L be the length of the shortest collection of packs that includes one of every card in the set. Then the decision problem can be stated as follows: "Is there a collection of packs of size L (or less) that includes at least one of every card in the set, using k or fewer packs?"Both Alice and Bob's versions of the problem can be shown to be in NP. To show that they are NP-complete, we need to show that any NP-complete problem can be reduced to them in polynomial time. Since the optimization problem is in P, it can be solved in polynomial time. Therefore, it is not NP-complete. Thus, Alice and Bob's versions of the problem are not NP-complete.
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1) Polymorphism is the O0P concept allowing a same operation to have different names
True
False
2) Non functional requirements are more critical than functional requirements.
True
False
3) Many errors can result in zero failures
True
False
4) 18- A failure can result from a violation of
- a) implicit requirement
-b) functional requirement
5) Which one of the following is a functional requirement?
O Maintainability
O Portability
O Usability
O None of the above
1) False: Polymorphism is the OOP concept allowing objects of different classes to be treated as if they were objects of the same class, while still retaining their unique characteristics.
2) False: Functional requirements are more critical than non-functional requirements because they directly relate to the core purpose of the system.
3) False: No, errors and failures are different terms. Many errors do not result in any failures.
4) a) implicit requirement: Implicit requirements are requirements that are not directly stated but are expected to be fulfilled. A failure can result from a violation of implicit requirements.
5) Usability: Usability is a functional requirement as it directly relates to the core purpose of the system, which is to be used by humans.
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Accounts
There are two different accounts possible on your platform: an artist account, and a listener
account. Only artist accounts can be listed as the creator of content. Listener accounts should
have a member variable to store all of the content favorited by that user and a method favorite()
that accepts a piece of content as input and adds that content to the listener’s favorites.
Content
Your streaming service contains two different types of listenable content: songs and podcasts.
Each piece of content should have a title, account of the artist, a list of up to 3 genres, and the
number of times streamed. Podcasts should have an additional member variable for the episode
number. All listenable content should also have a play method, which will increment the times
streamed by 1.
All content should implement the Comparable interface and be sorted by number of times
streamed.
Content Collections
Your listenable content can be arranged into two different possible collection objects: playlists
(which can contain a mix of podcasts and songs) and albums (which can only contain songs).
Each collection should have a title and then a list containing all pieces of content in the
collection. Collections should also have a method shuffle() that will play content from the
collection in a random order. Playlists should include methods that allow songs to be added and
removed from the collection.
All content collections should implement the Comparable interface and be sorted by number of
items in the collection.
Designing a Solution
Your classes should take advantage of inheritance to minimize duplication of code. All classes
should have necessary constructors, mutators, accessors, and toString methods. The goal of
the assignment is to make these classes as easy to reuse as possible.
You should start by implementing the necessary classes and interfaces required to fulfill the
criteria listed above. Make sure to test the functionality of each class as you go before moving
on.
Once complete, you will implement a driver class, called Driver.java, which will allow users to
create an account and "listen" to music or curated playlists.
When the Driver class is run it should display the following options:
1. Create a listener account
2. List all Playlists and Albums available to shuffle
3. Add songs to an existing playlist
4. Export all songs on the platform out to a file in ascending order by times streamed
5. Exit
Each of the options should prompt for the required information as needed.
Your code should handle all exceptions (e.g., for file processing) appropriately.
The provided requirement outlines the design of a streaming service platform with different account types, content types, content collections, and a driver class to interact with the system.
1. Accounts:
- Artist Account: Can be listed as the creator of content.
- Listener Account: Has a member variable to store favorited content and a method to add content to favorites.
2. Content:
- Songs: Contains a title, artist account, list of genres, and the number of times streamed.
- Podcasts: Similar to songs, but with an additional member variable for the episode number.
- Both content types have a play method to increment the times streamed.
3. Content Collections:
- Playlists: Can contain a mix of podcasts and songs. Has a title and a list of content. Supports adding and removing songs and a shuffle method.
- Albums: Can only contain songs. Has a title and a list of songs.
4. Inheritance: Classes should utilize inheritance to minimize code duplication and maximize reusability.
5. Comparable Interface: Content and content collections should implement the Comparable interface to enable sorting based on specific criteria (e.g., times streamed, number of items).
6. Driver Class (Driver.java): Allows users to interact with the streaming service platform by creating listener accounts, listing available playlists and albums, adding songs to playlists, exporting songs to a file, and exiting the program. Exception handling should be implemented for file processing and other potential exceptions.
By implementing the outlined classes, interfaces, and functionalities, the streaming service platform can provide users with the ability to create accounts, listen to music, and manage playlists and albums efficiently.
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A Grocery Store is a dictionary with the following keys:
"Freezer Section" which is a list of Items that are frozen
"Fruits and Veggies" which is a list of Items that are fruits and veggies
"Unsorted" which is a list of Items that are of any kind
An Item is a dictionary with the following keys:
"Name" is a string representing the name of this food item
"Price" is a float representing the price of an item
"Kind" is a string representing what kind of item this is (e.g., "Bakery", "Frozen")
Possible questions:
Define a function named most_expensive_freezer_item that consumes a Grocery Store and produces a string representing the name of the most expensive item from the Freezer Section.
Define a function named biggest_section that consumes a Grocery Store, and produces a string (either, "Freezer", "Fruits and Veggies", or "Equal") that indicates which of those sections has more items in it (or are equal).
1 and 2, please write out the dictionary as well I am checking work
The dictionary representing a Grocery Store and the Item dictionary is defined as follows:
python
grocery_store = {
"Freezer Section": [
{"Name": "Ice Cream", "Price": 4.99, "Kind": "Frozen"},
{"Name": "Frozen Pizza", "Price": 7.99, "Kind": "Frozen"},
{"Name": "Frozen Vegetables", "Price": 2.49, "Kind": "Frozen"}
],
"Fruits and Veggies": [
{"Name": "Apples", "Price": 0.99, "Kind": "Produce"},
{"Name": "Bananas", "Price": 0.65, "Kind": "Produce"},
{"Name": "Carrots", "Price": 1.49, "Kind": "Produce"}
],
"Unsorted": [
{"Name": "Bread", "Price": 2.99, "Kind": "Bakery"},
{"Name": "Milk", "Price": 1.99, "Kind": "Dairy"},
{"Name": "Eggs", "Price": 2.49, "Kind": "Dairy"}
]
}
item = {
"Name": "",
"Price": 0.0,
"Kind": ""
}
a.) The function `most_expensive_freezer_item` takes in a Grocery Store and returns a string representing the name of the most expensive item from the Freezer Section. The implementation of the function is as follows:
python
def most_expensive_freezer_item(store):
most_expensive_item = item.copy()
most_expensive_item["Price"] = float('-inf')
for freezer_item in store["Freezer Section"]:
if freezer_item["Price"] > most_expensive_item["Price"]:
most_expensive_item = freezer_item
return most_expensive_item["Name"]
The most_expensive_freezer_item function first creates an empty `item` dictionary which will be used later to compare it with the items of the freezer section present in the Grocery Store. A `for` loop is used to iterate over each of the items in the Freezer Section list and compares the price of the current item with the most expensive item found so far. Finally, it returns the name of the most expensive item from the Freezer Section.
b.) The function `biggest_section` takes in a Grocery Store and returns a string indicating which section `"Freezer"`, `"Fruits and Veggies"`, or `"Equal"` has more items. The implementation of the function is as follows:
python
def biggest_section(store):
num_freezer_items = len(store["Freezer Section"])
num_fruit_veggie_items = len(store["Fruits and Veggies"])
if num_freezer_items > num_fruit_veggie_items:
return "Freezer"
elif num_freezer_items < num_fruit_veggie_items:
return "Fruits and Veggies"
else:
return "Equal"
The biggest_section function first calculates the number of items in the Freezer Section and Fruits and Veggies section by using `len()` method, and then uses a series of `if-elif-else` statements to determine which section has more items or whether they have the same amount.
In conclusion, we have defined a Grocery Store that is a dictionary containing three keys, and an Item dictionary that is used to describe the items. We have also implemented two functions, `most_expensive_freezer_item` and `biggest_section`, that operate on a Grocery Store dictionary and return useful information like the most expensive item in the Freezer Section and which section has more items.
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Consider the following SELECT statement: SELECT B_TITLE, COUNT(*) BOOK FROM WHERE B_SUBJECT = 'Database Design' B_COST = 70.0 AND GROUP BY B_TITLE HAVING COUNT(*) > 2 ORDER BY B_TITLE; (1) Find the best index based on a single column (i.e., an index that consist of only one attribute) to speed up the processing of the query given above (Q2b). Write an SQL 'create index' statement to create the index. Write a brief explanation explaining how the index on single column is used when the query is processed. (1.5 marks) (ii) Find the best composite index based on two columns (i.e., an index that consists of two compounded attributes) to speed up the processing of the query given above. Write an SQL 'create index' statement to create the index. Write a brief explanation explaining how the index on two columns is used when the query is processed. (1.5 marks) (iii) Find the best composite index based on three columns (i.e., an index that consists of three compounded attributes) to speed up the processing of the query given above. Write an SQL 'create index' statement to create the index. Write a brief explanation explaining how the composite index is used when the query is processed.
(i) The best index based on a single column for the given query would be an index on the B_SUBJECT column. The SQL statement to create this index would be:
`CREATE INDEX subject_idx ON books (B_SUBJECT);`
When processing the query, the database engine can use this index to quickly locate all rows in the books table where B_SUBJECT is 'Database Design' and then retrieve the B_TITLE and B_COST columns for those rows. Using the index avoids the need for a full table scan, which can be time-consuming for large tables.
(ii) The best composite index based on two columns for the given query would be an index on the (B_SUBJECT, B_COST) columns. The SQL statement to create this index would be:
`CREATE INDEX subject_cost_idx ON books (B_SUBJECT, B_COST);`
When processing the query, the database engine can use this index to first locate all rows matching B_SUBJECT = 'Database Design', and within those rows, it can then efficiently filter by B_COST = 70.0. This index can speed up the processing of the query by reducing the number of rows that need to be scanned, and by avoiding the need to sort the results in memory because the rows will already be ordered by (B_SUBJECT, B_COST).
(iii) Based on the given query, it is unlikely that a composite index on three columns would provide any additional benefit over the composite index on two columns since the WHERE and GROUP BY clauses only reference two columns. Therefore, creating an index that consists of three compounded attributes would be an unnecessary overhead to the performance.
Proper indexing is important for optimizing database queries. By creating appropriate indexes on the relevant columns, the database engine can more quickly retrieve the necessary data and avoid full table scans, ultimately leading to faster query performance. However, it is important to strike a balance when creating indexes as an index on too many columns may reduce overall performance.
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2 This lab will focus working with [ArrayLists] ( ) and the [For-Each Loop] (
The steps for completing the lab, pseudocode, and code snippets for implementing various methods is given below
Make sure you know what the lab is about - it's all about ArrayLists and the For-Each Loop.To test the methods, just remove the symbols that make the lines inactive in GroceryTests. javaMake sure the program can be put together and used.What is the ArrayLists?In continuation:
Examine the removeGrocery() function in the GroceryList class and explain what it currently does in your own words.Find out what needs to be done to make the removeGrocery() method work properly.Try out the suggested modifications by using GroceryTests. java to test the procedure.Write down the basic steps for two new methods that will be added to the GroceryList class.Use pseudocode methods and run tests with GroceryTests. javaTry out the whole GroceryTrip app before giving in the program files.Lastly, Send the computer program to zyBooks.Read more about ArrayLists here:
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This lab will focus working with [ArrayLists] (https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/ArrayList.html) and the [For-Each Loop] (https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/language/ foreach.html). There will be some additional information near the bottom of this document if you need to gain a better understanding of today's topics. 3 4 5 6 ## Pre-Step: Testing 7 Whenever you implement one of these broken methods, a testing file,`GroceryTests.java`, has been provided for you to test each method you have worked on before moving on to the next step. All that is needed is to uncomment the System.out.println()` lines when you would like to test said method. 8 9 It is also highly encouraged to create new tests as well, so feel free to create new methods and call them within `GroceryTests.java`! 10 11 ##
6. What is the function of Port AD? 7. What is the size of the EEPROM in the HC12A4 configuration? The S12 configuration? I
1. The function of Port AD: Port AD refers to the Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) ports in the HC12 microcontroller. These ports are used for converting analog signals to digital values. The specific function and configuration of Port AD can vary depending on the microcontroller model and its implementation.
2. The size of the EEPROM in the HC12A4 configuration: The HC12A4 microcontroller does not have built-in EEPROM. Therefore, there is no specific size for the EEPROM in the HC12A4 configuration.
3. The size of the EEPROM in the S12 configuration: The size of the EEPROM in the S12 configuration can vary depending on the specific S12 microcontroller variant. The EEPROM size typically ranges from a few kilobytes to several kilobytes. To determine the exact size of the EEPROM in a particular S12 configuration, you would need to refer to the microcontroller's datasheet or documentation.
1. Port AD in the HC12 microcontroller family is typically used for analog-to-digital conversion. It allows the microcontroller to measure analog voltages and convert them into digital values for further processing. The specific function and configuration of Port AD can be defined by the programmer based on the requirements of the application.
2. The HC12A4 microcontroller does not include an on-chip EEPROM. Therefore, there is no specific size for the EEPROM in the HC12A4 configuration.
3. The size of the EEPROM in the S12 configuration can vary depending on the specific S12 microcontroller variant. To determine the exact size, you would need to refer to the microcontroller's datasheet or documentation, which provides detailed information about the memory organization and sizes.
Port AD in the HC12 microcontroller family is used for analog-to-digital conversion, the HC12A4 microcontroller does not have an on-chip EEPROM, and the size of the EEPROM in the S12 configuration depends on the specific S12 microcontroller variant and can be found in the datasheet or documentation.
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When troubleshooting OS issues it is sometimes necessary to
interview the user. Why do we have to take what they say with a
grain of salt? Why might the user not be completely truthful?
When troubleshooting OS issues, we need to take what the user says with a grain of salt because users may not always provide accurate or complete information.
There are several reasons why the user's account of the issue may not be completely truthful or accurate. Firstly, the user might lack technical expertise or understanding of the problem, which can lead to misunderstandings or misinterpretations of the symptoms they experienced. They may not be able to provide detailed or precise information about the problem, making it challenging for the troubleshooter to diagnose and resolve the issue effectively.
Secondly, users may feel embarrassed or worried about admitting their mistakes or errors that might have caused the problem. They may fear being blamed or judged for their actions, leading them to omit or modify certain details when describing the issue. This can hinder the troubleshooting process as crucial information may be withheld, making it difficult to identify the root cause accurately.
Additionally, users may have limited knowledge about the system's inner workings, making it challenging for them to provide meaningful insights into the problem. They might not be aware of certain system configurations, recent changes, or other factors that could contribute to the issue. As a result, their account of the problem may be incomplete or misleading, requiring additional investigation and analysis from the troubleshooter.
Considering these factors, it is important for troubleshooters to approach user interviews with an open mind, gather as much information as possible, and validate the information through further investigation and analysis. This helps ensure a comprehensive understanding of the issue and increases the chances of accurate troubleshooting and problem resolution.
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Rules for Marking It should be clear that your assignment will not get any credit if: o The assignment is submitted after due date. The assignment is copied. Answer any five questions: Each question carries two marks. Q1. Write a PHP program to find the area of a Square (Hint Area -Side*Side) Q2. Write a PHP program using while loop to print the numbers in descending order from 100 to 90. Q3 Write a PHP program to test whether the input number is even or odd. Q4 Write a PHP program using Switch / Case to display the grades of five subjects as follows; <60 à F, >=60<70 à D, >=70–80 à C, >=80<90 à >=90 à A Q5 Write a PHP program to trim the last three characters of the string "ACTIVATE". Q6 Write a PHP program to concatenate 2 separate strings "JAZAN", "UNIVERSITY" as "JAZANUNIVERSITY". B,
Rules for Marking:It should be clear that your assignment will not get any credit if the assignment is submitted after the due date or if the assignment is copied. To get full marks for each of the following questions, your PHP program must compile and execute correctly.
Question 1: Write a PHP program to find the area of a Square. The area of a square is equal to its side multiplied by itself. Therefore, the formula is given by area = side × side. The code to solve the problem is as follows:
Question 2: Write a PHP program using while loop to print the numbers in descending order from 100 to 90.The code to solve the problem is as follows:
Question 3: Write a PHP program to test whether the input number is even or odd. An even number is a number that is divisible by two without leaving a remainder. Odd numbers, on the other hand, are numbers that are not divisible by two without leaving a remainder. The code to solve the problem is as follows:
Question 4: Write a PHP program using Switch / Case to display the grades of five subjects as follows; <60 à F, >=60<70 à D, >=70–80 à C, >=80<90 à >=90 à A. The code to solve the problem is as follows:
Question 5: Write a PHP program to trim the last three characters of the string "ACTIVATE". The code to solve the problem is as follows:
Question 6: Write a PHP program to concatenate 2 separate strings "JAZAN", "UNIVERSITY" as "JAZANUNIVERSITY".The code to solve the problem is as follows:
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rite a program (in Java or C++), allowing to: • Create a folder "Main" • Create a file in the folder "Filel" • Add Read, Write permissions to "Filel" • Write in "Filel" • Read the content of "Filel" • Modify the content of "Filel" • Remove the Write permission of "File1" Try to write again in "File" A screenshot is needed showing the results of the program execution.
Here's a Java program that creates a folder, creates a file within the folder, sets read and write permissions, performs file operations, modifies the content, and demonstrates the effect of removing write permission:
import java.io.*;
public class File Operations {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create the "Main" folder
File mainFolder = new File("Main");
if (!mainFolder.exists()) {
mainFolder.mkdir();
System.out.println("Main folder created.");
}
// Create the "File1" within the "Main" folder
File file1 = new File("Main/File1.txt");
try {
// Create the file
if (file1.createNewFile()) {
System.out.println("File1 created.");
}
// Set read and write permissions
file1.setReadable(true);
file1.setWritable(true);
System.out.println("Read and write permissions added to File1.");
// Write to the file
FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(file1);
writer.write("Hello, World!");
writer.close();
System.out.println("Content written to File1.");
// Read the file content
FileReader reader = new FileReader(file1);
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(reader);
String line;
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
System.out.println("Content of File1: " + line);
}
reader.close();
// Modify the file content
FileWriter writer2 = new FileWriter(file1);
writer2.write("Modified content!");
writer2.close();
System.out.println("Content of File1 modified.");
// Remove write permission
file1.setWritable(false);
System.out.println("Write permission removed from File1.");
// Try to write to the file again
try {
FileWriter writer3 = new FileWriter(file1);
writer3.write("Trying to write again!");
writer3.close();
System.out.println("Successfully wrote to File1.");
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("Failed to write to File1: " + e.getMessage());
}
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("An error occurred: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
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Fill in the blanks for the given question below: А ________ clears the class data members and the object from memory, housekeeping before an object's memory is reclaimed by the system.
A destructor clears the class data members and the object from memory, housekeeping before an object's memory is reclaimed by the system. A destructor is a special member function that is called when an object of a class is destroyed. It performs housekeeping tasks before the memory is released by the system.
A destructor is the counterpart of the constructor, which initializes the object. Destructors are usually used to deallocate memory and release resources allocated by the object during its lifetime. Destructors can also be used to perform other cleanup tasks like closing files or database connections. The syntax of a destructor is similar to that of a constructor. It has the same name as the class, preceded by a tilde (~). The destructor does not take any arguments and does not have a return type.
In C++, destructors are automatically called when an object is destroyed. This happens when the object goes out of scope, when the delete operator is used to free the memory allocated for the object, or when the program exits. It is important to note that only objects created using new require the delete operator to be called explicitly to free the memory. Other objects are automatically destroyed when they go out of scope.In summary, a destructor is a special member function that is called when an object is destroyed.
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Suppose we are given the text string
T = "abacaabaccabacabaabb"
and the pattern string
P = "abacab".
In Figure 12.3, we illustrate the execution of the brute-force pattern matching
algorithm on T and P.
The algorithm aims to find occurrences of a given pattern string within a larger text string by systematically comparing the pattern with substrings of the text.
What is the purpose of the brute-force pattern matching algorithm described in the paragraph?The given paragraph describes the execution of the brute-force pattern matching algorithm on a text string T and a pattern string P. The text string T is "abacaabaccabacabaabb" and the pattern string P is "abacab". The algorithm compares the pattern string with substrings of the text string starting from the leftmost position.
In Figure 12.3, the steps of the algorithm are illustrated. The algorithm begins by comparing the first character of the pattern ("a") with the corresponding character in the text string. If there is a match, it proceeds to compare the next characters until the pattern is either found or not found in the text string.
The figure shows the comparisons made at each step, highlighting the matching and non-matching characters. The algorithm continues until it either finds a match or reaches the end of the text string. In this case, the pattern "abacab" is found in the text string "abacaabaccabacabaabb" at position 7.
The illustration demonstrates how the brute-force pattern matching algorithm systematically compares the pattern string with substrings of the text string to determine if there is a match.
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Assume a system that uses 12 bits to represent numbers (binary), what is the maximum and minimum decimal value, i.e. range, that can be represented in such system if the number is assume to be: (a) Unsigned number (b) Signed number given in 2's complement representation (c) Signed number given in sign and magnitude representation 2. How many bits are needed to represent the number 29710 it will be represtened as: (a) Unpacked BCD number. Give the Representation (b) Packed BCD number. Give the Representation 3.Using Boolean Algebra, prove that AB + (A + B)C= B(A+C). Make sure to identify the property used (i.e. its number from pages 29-31) in every step of your solution. 4. Assume that you have a safety deposit box with two-digit binary secret code. The safety box opens when the entered secret code X-XIXO (2 bit) is equal to the preset secret code Y= yıyo (2 bit). Assume that a control circuit is used with this safety deposit box and is responsible for generating a signal to lock or unlock the safety deposit box (output signal called F). If the inputted value, i.e. X, is equal to the preset value, i.e. Y, the control circuit will set output F to 1. Otherwise, F is set to 0 and the safety deposit box remains locked. Answer the following questions. (a) Give the truth table for F. (b) List the minterms and maxterms of function F. (c) Find an expression representing the function as a sum-of-products and draw the corresponding logic network. 5. (Find Sum of Product (SOP) form of function F = (A + D) (AE+ D) (A + BC) (BC+E + D). Hint: use minimum number of steps.
1. The maximum and minimum decimal values for a 12-bit system are 4095 and -2048 to 2047 respectively, for unsigned and signed numbers in 2's complement and sign and magnitude representations.
2. To represent the number 29710, it would require 16 bits in both unpacked BCD and packed BCD formats.
1. In a 12-bit system, the maximum unsigned number is obtained by setting all the bits to 1, resulting in a value of (2^12) - 1. For signed numbers in 2's complement representation, the most significant bit represents the sign, so the range is divided symmetrically around zero. In sign and magnitude representation, the most significant bit represents the sign as well, but the range remains the same as in 2's complement.
2. To represent the decimal number 29710, we need to determine the number of bits required for each representation. In unpacked BCD, each decimal digit is represented by 4 bits, so we multiply the number of digits (5) by 4 to get the total number of bits. In packed BCD, multiple decimal digits are packed into a single byte, with each digit requiring 4 bits. So, we still need 4 digits, resulting in the same number of bits as in unpacked BCD.
In summary, the range for different number representations in a 12-bit system is explained, and the number of bits required to represent the decimal number 29710 in both unpacked BCD and packed BCD formats is determined.
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Modify Assignment #8 so that the input will come from a data file named "input-XXXX.txt" (where
XXXX is your last name). The format will have an employee name on one line and the hours and rate
on the second line. For example (no blank lines in input file):
Mickey Mouse
20.5 13.50
Donald Duck
5 12.75
In addition to sending the output to the screen, the program will send the output to a data file named
"output-XXXX.txt" (where XXXX is your last name). For each employee, the data file should contain
their name, hourly rate, number of hours, as well as all of the pay information (regular, double, triple,
total) that was computed before.
for help I am providing assignment 8
PROBLEM: Wally's Weekend Warriors is a local company that performs odd jobs and repairs but they only work on weekends. Wally has hired you to do the payroll for his employees. He pays his employees based on how many hours they work during a weekend.
They earn their regular hourly rate for the first 6 hours they work
They earn double-time for any hours between 6 and 14 hours
They earn triple-time for any hours over 14
Your program should ask for the user's name, hourly rate, and hours worked. The program should print out a report detailing how much of each type of pay (regular, double, triple), plus the total pay. For types of pay that don't apply, no lines should be printed. The data should align properly. Examples covered in this course will demonstrate the proper format.
To align the output correctly, you can use the `format` function in Python. For example, to align the employee name to the left and the pay amount to the right, you can use the following code:```pythonprint("{:<20} {:>10}".format(name, pay_amount))```This will print the employee name in a column that is 20 characters wide and aligned to the left, and the pay amount in a column that is 10 characters wide and aligned to the right.
To modify Assignment
#8 so that the input will come from a data file named "input-XXXX.txt" and the output is to a data file named "output-XXXX.txt", the following changes are to be made in the code:Changes in the Input function
The code should read the file, find the employee's name, hours worked and hourly rate on two lines, respectively. The file's name should be input-XXXX.txt
(where XXXX is your last name).
Create a function called `get_data` to read the file and return the employee's name, hours worked and hourly rate. The function should take the file's name as input. The function should read the file and return a list of lists containing employee details.
Changes in the output function
Create a function called `generate_output` to generate the output. The function should receive a list of lists containing employee details as input. The output should be sent to a file called output-XXXX.txt (where XXXX is your last name).The report should contain the employee's name, hourly rate, hours worked, regular pay, double pay, triple pay, and total pay. For types of pay that don't apply, no lines should be printed. The data should align properly. Examples covered in this course will demonstrate the proper format.You will need to calculate the regular pay, double pay, triple pay, and total pay for each employee. You can use the code from Assignment
#8 and modify it to read the employee details from the file and write the output to the file. To calculate the different pay amounts, you can use the following code:
```python
# Calculate the pay amounts
if hours_worked > 14:triple_pay
= (hours_worked - 14) * hourly_rate * 3hours_worked
= 14double_pay
= (hours_worked - 6) * hourly_rate * 2hours_worked -
= (hours_worked - 6)regular_pay
= hours_worked * hourly_rate```
To align the output correctly, you can use the `format` function in Python. For example, to align the employee name to the left and the pay amount to the right, you can use the following code:```pythonprint("{:<20} {:>10}".format(name, pay_amount))```This will print the employee name in a column that is 20 characters wide and aligned to the left, and the pay amount in a column that is 10 characters wide and aligned to the right.
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In C++
Assume that a class named Window has been defined, and it has two int member variables named width and height. Write a function that overloads the \(
The function takes two Window objects, adds their width and height, and returns a new Window object with the sum of the dimensions. The function uses the overloading operator+ to accomplish this.The function is content loaded in C++.
Here is the function that overloads the operator+ and sets the sum of two Window objects to a new Window object:```
Window operator+(const Window &obj) {
Window res; res.width
= width + obj.width; res.height
= height + obj.height; return res;
}```.The function takes two Window objects, adds their width and height, and returns a new Window object with the sum of the dimensions. The function uses the overloading operator+ to accomplish this.The function is content loaded in C++.
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(x86 Assembly)(Please give a step by step or thorough explanation sketched on a piece of paper preferably. Thank you :) ). I believe both the .data and .code sections of this code need to be completed? I am a tad bit confused.
Complete the following code:
.data
var1 byte ?
var2 byte ?
result byte ?
.code
main proc
; 1. read in two unsign numbers ; 2. save the numbers in var1 and var2
; 3. calculate the following and save it in result. ; result = var1 * var2 + 7; ; ; 4. display the result to the console as a decimal number.
exit
main endp
main proc
; 1. read in two unsign numbers ; 2. save the numbers in var1 and var2
; 3. calculate the following and save it in result. ; result = var1 * var2 + 7; ; ; 4. display the result to the console as a decimal number.
exit
main endp.code main proc mov ah, 01h ; read character from keyboard int 21h ; store character in AL sub al, 30h ; convert from ASCII to number mov var1, al ; store number in var1 mov ah, 01h ; read character from keyboard int 21h ; store character in AL sub al, 30h ; convert from ASCII to number mov var2, al ; store number in var2 mul var1 ; AX = AL * var1 add ax, 0007h ; AX = AX + 7 mov result, al ; store result in result var divtemp db 10 dup ('$') lea si, divtemp ; set SI to the beginning of the buffer mov cx, 0 ; set character counter to 0 mov bx, 10 ; divide by 10 to get first digit of quotient divloop: xor dx, dx ; clear the DX register div bx ; divide by 10 mov dl, ah ; move the quotient to DL add dl, '0' ; convert from number to character mov [si], dl ; store character in buffer inc cx ; increment character counter cmp ax, 0 ; check if there is more to divide jne divloop ;
if there is more to divide, loop again mov ah, 09h ; print the result to the screen mov dx, offset divtemp ; set DX to the beginning of the buffer int 21h ; print the buffer exit main endpExplanation:Here, we have to complete the code. As mentioned, we have to read two unsigned numbers and save the numbers in var1 and var2. Next, we have to calculate the following and save it in the result. result = var1 * var2 + 7. At last, we have to display the result to the console as a decimal number.To complete the given code, we have to follow the following steps:1. Read the first number from the keyboard.2. Store the number in var1.3. Read the second number from the keyboard.4. Store the number in var2.5. Multiply var1 and var2.6. Add 7 to the result.7. Save the result in result.8. Convert the result to a string.9. Display the string to the console.
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Which of the following statements would NOT be true?
Question 12 options:
DNSSEC enables to check whether the origin of the DNS reply is genuine or not, using digital signatures.
DNS has a tree structure with root servers, top-level domain name servers, and authoritative name servers.
DNS servers cache the domain resolution result for a predefined amount of time.
DNS provides a service that maps one IP address space into another by modifying the IP address and transport port number in the packet.
Among the given statements, the one that would NOT be true is: "DNS provides a service that maps one IP address space into another by modifying the IP address and transport port number in the packet."
Explanation:
1. DNSSEC enables to check whether the origin of the DNS reply is genuine or not, using digital signatures. This statement is true. DNSSEC (Domain Name System Security Extensions) adds an additional layer of security to DNS by providing authentication and integrity checking using digital signatures. It allows clients to verify the authenticity of DNS responses and ensures that the information received has not been tampered with.
2. DNS has a tree structure with root servers, top-level domain name servers, and authoritative name servers. This statement is true. DNS follows a hierarchical tree structure where the root servers are at the top, followed by top-level domain (TLD) servers, and then authoritative name servers. This structure enables the resolution of domain names to IP addresses by traversing the DNS hierarchy.
3. DNS servers cache the domain resolution result for a predefined amount of time. This statement is true. DNS servers cache the results of previous queries for a specified time known as the Time-to-Live (TTL). Caching improves DNS performance and reduces the load on DNS infrastructure by storing the resolved information for a certain duration. The cached information is used to respond to subsequent queries for the same domain name.
4. DNS provides a service that maps one IP address space into another by modifying the IP address and transport port number in the packet. This statement is NOT true. DNS is primarily responsible for translating domain names into IP addresses and vice versa. It does not modify IP addresses or transport port numbers in packets. This task falls under the responsibility of other networking protocols such as NAT (Network Address Translation) or firewall configurations. DNS itself is not involved in the modification of IP addresses or port numbers in packets.
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Please take a look at the sample run below before you continue!
Write a program to output the winners of a Rock Collecting Competition.
Prompt the user for three contestants: input their names as strings and the number of rocks collected as integers.
Contestant names may contain spaces, use getline() to read in the string.
Include the contestant name in the prompt for the number of rocks.
If the number of rocks entered is less than 0, print a warning and set the number of rocks to 0.
After the three contestants have been entered, determine the first, second and third place winners and print a message. Your logic must account for three way and two way ties (see sample run). Use appropriate conditional statements to write this code - this is the coding construct you are being tested on.
Calculate and print the average number of rocks collected - the average should print two decimal places. You must define and use an integer constant NUM_PLAYERS = 3 for this calculation.
Print a welcome and goodbye message.
Welcome to the Rock Collector Championships!
Enter player 1 name: Gordan Freeman
How many rocks did Gordan Freeman collect? -9
Invalid amount. 0 will be entered.
Enter player 2 name: Link
How many rocks did Link collect? 45
Enter player 3 name: D. Va
How many rocks did D. Va collect? 45
Link and D. Va are tied for first place.
Gordan Freeman is in second place!
The average number of rocks collected by the top three players is 30.00 rocks!
Congratulations Rock Collectors!
Welcome to the Rock Collector Championships!
Enter player 1 name: Mario
How many rocks did Mario collect? 56
Enter player 2 name: Master Chief
How many rocks did Master Chief collect? 56
Enter player 3 name: Sonic
How many rocks did Sonic collect? 56
It is a three way tie!
The average number of rocks collected by the top three players is 56.00 rocks!
Congratulations Rock Collectors!
Welcome to the Rock Collector Championships!
Enter player 1 name: King Dedede
How many rocks did King Dedede collect? 57
Enter player 2 name: Samus
How many rocks did Samus collect? 102
Enter player 3 name: Kirby
How many rocks did Kirby collect? 62
Samus is in first place!
Kirby is in second place.
King Dedede is in third place.
The average number of rocks collected by the top three players is 73.67 rocks!
Congratulations Rock Collectors!
Yes, that is an accurate description of the code provided.
In the given code:
The input_contestant() function prompts the user for each contestant's name and the number of rocks collected. It returns a tuple containing the name and the number of rocks collected. If the number of rocks collected is less than 0, the function prints a warning message and sets the number of rocks to 0.
The sort_winners(contestants) function sorts the contestants in descending order of the number of rocks they collected and determines the first, second, and third place winners. It returns a list containing the names of the winners. If there is a tie, the function returns a tuple containing the names of the tied contestants.
The calculate_average(contestants) function calculates the average number of rocks collected by the top three players and returns it as a float rounded to two decimal places.
The main() function is the main program that prompts the user for the contestants, sorts the winners, calculates the average number of rocks collected, and prints the results.
The program starts by printing a welcome message, prompts the user for the names and number of rocks collected by each contestant, determines the winners, and prints the results. Finally, it calculates and prints the average number of rocks collected by the top three players and displays a congratulatory message.
Overall, the code implements a rock collecting competition and provides the functionality to determine the winners and calculate the average number of rocks collected.
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