The key is to create a job design that aligns with employees' interests, provides opportunities for growth and development, and ensures a balance between challenge and monotony.
(a) Job design can play a crucial role in addressing the retention issue faced by GOAL (Grain Operators Advantage Logistics). By carefully designing and structuring jobs, the company can create a work environment that is engaging, meaningful, and provides opportunities for growth and development. Here are a few ways in which job design can help address the retention issue:
1. Job Enrichment: Implementing job enrichment techniques can help make the jobs more satisfying and challenging for the employees. For grain processors, this could involve providing additional responsibilities such as quality control, process improvement, or cross-training opportunities. This would allow them to take ownership of their work, enhance their skills, and experience a sense of achievement. Similarly, for warehouse workers, job enrichment could involve assigning them tasks that require problem-solving or decision-making, such as inventory management or coordinating shipments.
2. Job Rotation: Introducing job rotation can provide variety and reduce monotony in both roles. Grain processors and warehouse workers can be periodically rotated among different tasks within their respective departments. This can prevent boredom and provide employees with a broader understanding of the overall operations, making their work more interesting and engaging.
3. Training and Skill Development: Offering training and skill development programs can enhance the capabilities of employees and increase their job satisfaction. GOAL can provide training sessions for both grain processors and warehouse workers to acquire new skills, such as operating advanced machinery, learning inventory management systems, or improving communication and teamwork skills. This investment in employee development shows a commitment to their growth and can enhance their motivation to stay with the company.
(b) For the two jobs in this scenario, the following job design approaches can be used:
1. Grain Processors: Job enlargement can be applied by expanding the tasks of grain processors to include additional responsibilities such as quality control, maintenance of equipment, or data analysis. This broadens their scope of work and allows them to engage in a wider range of activities, reducing the perception of job complexity. This approach provides variety and challenge, making the job more appealing and rewarding.
2. Warehouse Workers: Job rotation can be introduced for warehouse workers to reduce monotony and increase job satisfaction. By rotating them between different tasks, such as order checking, conveyor belt operations, truck loading, and inventory management, the workers can experience different aspects of the warehouse operations. This helps prevent boredom and provides opportunities to develop new skills.
Overall, by implementing job enrichment, job rotation, and training initiatives, GOAL can address the retention issue and create a more engaging work environment for its employees.
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On July 31, 2025, the general ledger of Wildhorse Legal Services Inc. showed the following balances: Cash $3,760, Accounts Receivable $1,410, Supplies $470, Equipment $4,700, Accounts Payable $3,850, Common Stock $3,290, and Retained Earnings $3,200. During August, the following transactions occurred. Aug. 3 Collected $1,130 of accounts receivable due from customers. 5 Received $1,220 cash for issuing common stock to new investors. 6 Paid \$2,540 cash on accounts payable. 7 Performed legal services of $6,110, of which $2,820 was collected in cash and the remainder was due on account. 12 Purchased additional equipment for $1,130, paying $380 in cash and the balance on account. 14 Paid salaries $3,290, rent $850, and advertising expenses $260 for the month of August. 18 Collected the balance for the services performed on August 7. 20 Paid cash dividend of $470 to stockholders. 24 Billed a client $940 for legal services performed. 26 Received \$1,880 from Laurentian Bank; the money was borrowed on a bank note payable that is due in 6 months. 27 Agreed to perform legal services for a client in September for $4,230. The client will pay the amount owing after the services have been performed. 28 Received the utility bill for the month of August in the amount of $260; it is not due until September 15. 31 Paid income tax for the month $470.
The retained earnings balance at the end of August 2025 is $4,400.
First, we need to calculate the ending balance of each account, given the transactions that occurred during August 2025. To calculate the ending balance of each account, we need to start with the beginning balance and add/subtract the changes that occurred in August. The ending balance of each account is as follows:
- Cash: $5,480
- Accounts Receivable: $720
- Supplies: $470
- Equipment: $5,550
- Accounts Payable: $350
- Common Stock: $4,510
- Retained Earnings: $4,400
The retained earnings balance at the end of August 2025 is $4,400.
Retained earnings are calculated as follows: Retained Earnings (beginning balance) + Net Income (revenues - expenses) - Dividends.
In this case, the beginning balance of retained earnings was $3,200, net income was $2,310 ($6,110 - $3,800), and dividends were $470.
Therefore, the ending balance of retained earnings is $4,400 ($3,200 + $2,310 - $470).
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A store will cost $1,000,000 to open. Variable costs will be 54% of sales and fixed costs are $200,000 per year. The investment costs will be depreciated straight-line over the 11 year life of the store to a salvage value of zero. The opportunity cost of capital is 12% and the tax rate is 40%.
Find the operating cash flow each year if sales revenue is $750,000 per year.
Operating cash flow:The operating cash flow of a company is the cash generated by its operations. The income statement can be used to calculate this figure.
The operating cash flow formula is net income + non-cash expenses – changes in working capital. The calculation of the operating cash flow is based on the following formula:
Operating cash flow = Net income + Depreciation + Amortization of non-cash items – Increase in working capital
So, the store will cost $1,000,000 to open and the variable costs will be 54% of sales and fixed costs are $200,000 per year. The investment costs will be depreciated straight-line over the 11-year life of the store to a salvage value of zero. The opportunity cost of capital is 12% and the tax rate is 40%.Given, sales revenue is $750,000 per year.
Calculating operating cash flow:
Operating revenue = $750,000 per year
Variable cost percentage = 54%
Fixed cost = $200,000 per yearDepreciation expense = Cost/Estimated life = $1,000,000/11 = $90,909 per yearTax rate = 40% Opportunity cost of capital = 12%
To find the operating cash flow we have to calculate the following:
Net sales = Operating revenue - Variable costs
Net sales = $750,000 - 54% × $750,000 = $750,000 - $405,000 = $345,000
Net income before taxes = Net sales - Fixed costs - DepreciationNet income before taxes = $345,000 - $200,000 - $90,909 = $54,091Taxes = Tax rate × (Sales - Costs - Depreciation)Taxes = 40% × ($345,000 - $405,000 + $90,909) = $4,364
After-tax income = Net income - TaxesAfter-tax income = $54,091 - $4,364 = $49,727
Operating cash flow = After-tax income + DepreciationOperating cash flow = $49,727 + $90,909 = $140,636
Therefore, the operating cash flow each year if sales revenue is $750,000 per year is $140,636.
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The following was happen in the C.C.C company: 1-Company invests 86,000 of its own money to start the business. 2- purchases Equipment by 8,500 companies paid 15% cash and will pay others next month. 3- Paid by cash 300 for electric, 1,200 for rent, and 320 for Insurance. 4- Bought office supplies by 700 on the account. 5- Earns service revenue amount 2,400 receive 40% cash and other after one month. 6- Borrow 2200 from the bank and deposited it in the treasury of the company 7- Purchased furniture by cash 1,300. 8-Received 200 cash from the debtor according to a transaction (5). 9- Paid 4500 to the creditor according to the transaction (2) So please prepare: 1- Journal entries. (6Marks) 2- Ledgers. (8Marks) 3- Trial Balance. (3 Marks) 4-Income statements. (2 Mark) 5- Owner Equity. (2 Mark) 6-Balance sheet. (2 Marks)
Different transactions are recorded or prepared in their corresponding books. The Owner's Equity is $84,760. Below are journal entries, ledgers, trial balance, income statement and balance sheet of the transactions made by the company.
What constitutes the entries?First prepare the journal entries for the given transactions:
1. Company invests $86,000 of its own money to start the business.
Journal Entry:
Debit: Cash ($86,000)
Credit: Capital (Owner's Equity) ($86,000)
2. Purchases equipment for $8,500; the company pays 15% in cash and will pay the remaining amount next month.
Journal Entry:
Debit: Equipment ($8,500)
Credit: Accounts Payable ($7,225)
Credit: Cash ($1,275)
3. Paid $300 for electric, $1,200 for rent, and $320 for insurance in cash.
Journal Entry:
Debit: Utilities Expense ($300)
Debit: Rent Expense ($1,200)
Debit: Insurance Expense ($320)
Credit: Cash ($1,820)
4. Bought office supplies for $700 on account.
Journal Entry:
Debit: Office Supplies ($700)
Credit: Accounts Payable ($700)
5. Earned service revenue of $2,400; received 40% in cash and the rest will be received after one month.
Journal Entry:
Debit: Accounts Receivable ($1,440)
Debit: Cash ($960)
Credit: Service Revenue ($2,400)
6. Borrowed $2,200 from the bank and deposited it into the company's treasury.
Journal Entry:
Debit: Cash ($2,200)
Credit: Notes Payable ($2,200)
7. Purchased furniture for $1,300 in cash.
Journal Entry:
Debit: Furniture ($1,300)
Credit: Cash ($1,300)
8. Received $200 cash from the debtor according to transaction (5).
Journal Entry:
Debit: Cash ($200)
Credit: Accounts Receivable ($200)
9. Paid $4,500 to the creditor according to transaction (2).
Journal Entry:
Debit: Accounts Payable ($4,500)
Credit: Cash ($4,500)
Now, below is the ledgers based on the journal entries:
| Accounts | Debit | Credit |
|---------------------------------|---------------|----------------|
| Cash | $2,200 | $14,595 |
| Capital | $86,000 | |
| Equipment | $8,500 | |
| Accounts Payable | $11,425 | $4,500 |
| Utilities Expense | $300 | |
| Rent Expense | $1,200 | |
| Insurance Expense | $320 | |
| Office Supplies | $700 | |
| Accounts Receivable. | $1,440 | $200 |
| Service Revenue | | $2,400 |
| Notes Payable | | $2,200 |
| Furniture | | $1,300 |
Next, let's prepare the Trial Balance by adding up the balances of all the accounts:
| Accounts | Debit | Credit |
|-----------------------------------|----------------|----------------|
| Cash | $2,200 | $14,595 |
| Capital | $86,000 | |
| Equipment | $8,500 | |
| Accounts Payable | $11,425 | $4,500 |
| Utilities Expense | $300 | |
| Rent Expense | $1,200. | |
| Insurance Expense | $320 | |
| Office Supplies | $700 | |
| Accounts Receivable | $1,440 | $200 |
| Service Revenue | | $2,400 |
| Notes Payable | | $2,200 |
| Furniture | | $1,300 |
|------------------------------------|----------------|--------------|
| Total | $111,585 | $26,195 |
Moving on to the Income Statement, we calculate the net income:
| Income Statement | Amount |
|---------------------------------------------|------------------|
| Revenue | $2,400 |
| Expenses: | |
| Utilities Expense | $300 |
| Rent Expense | $1,200 |
| Insurance Expense | $320 |
| Total Expenses | $1,820 |
|----------------------------------------------|-----------------|
| Net Income | $580 |
For the Owner's Equity, we subtract the total expenses and add the net income:
Owner's Equity = Capital + Net Income - Total Expenses
Owner's Equity = $86,000 + $580 - $1,820
Owner's Equity = $84,760
Lastly, let's prepare the Balance Sheet:
| Balance Sheet | Amount |
|------------------------------------------|-------------------|
| Assets: | |
| Cash | $12,395 |
| Equipment | $8,500 |
| Accounts Receivable | $1,240 |
| Total Assets | $22,135 |
|------------------------------------------|-------------------|
| Liabilities: | |
| Accounts Payable | $6,925 |
| Notes Payable | $2,200 |
| Total Liabilities | $9,125 |
|-------------------------------------------|------------------|
| Owner's Equity | $84,760 |
|--------------------------------------------|------------------|
| Total Liabilities & Equity. | $113,885 |
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With a salary of $43,300, a raise of 2.4%, and an inflation rate of 2.8%, then this person's real raise is then include a minus symbol.
The person's real raise is -$171.20. To calculate the real raise, we need to account for the inflation rate.
First, let's calculate the nominal raise by multiplying the salary ($43,300) by the raise percentage (2.4%): Nominal raise = $43,300 * 0.024 = $1,039.20. Next, let's calculate the increase in cost of living due to inflation. We'll multiply the salary by the inflation rate (2.8%): Inflation increase = $43,300 * 0.028 = $1,210.40. Finally, to find the real raise, we subtract the inflation increase from the nominal raise: Real raise = Nominal raise - Inflation increase = $1,039.20 - $1,210.40 = -$171.20.
The negative sign indicates that the person's purchasing power has decreased due to the raise not keeping up with the rate of inflation. Therefore, the person's real raise is -$171.20.
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Based on this model, firms earn revenue when purchase in product markets. Suppose Teresa earns $550 per week working as jewelry appraiser for Classy's Jewelry Store. She uses $8 to order a mojito cocktail at Little Havana. Little Havana pays Sam $200 per week to wait tables. Sam uses $325 to purchase necklace from Classy's Jewelry Store. Identify whether each of the following events in this scenario occurs in the factor market or the product market. Which of the elements of this scenario represent a flow from a household to a firm? This could be a flow of dollars, inputs, or outputs. Check all that apply- The mojito Teresa receives The $325 Sam spends to purchase necklace from Classy's Jewelry Store The $200 per week Sam earns working for Little Havana Teresa's labor
The mojito Teresa receives occurs in the product market, while the $325 Sam spends to purchase a necklace and the $200 per week Sam earns working for Little Havana occur in the factor market.
The mojito Teresa receives is a product that occurs in the product market, where goods and services are exchanged between businesses and households. Teresa consumes the mojito, representing a flow of output from Little Havana (firm) to Teresa (household).
The $325 Sam spends to purchase a necklace from Classy's Jewelry Store occurs in the product market. Sam is a household in this context, and the necklace is the product he purchases from Classy's Jewelry Store (firm). This transaction represents a flow of output from the firm to the household.
The $200 per week Sam earns working for Little Havana occurs in the factor market. Sam provides labor as an input to Little Havana (firm) in exchange for his wages. This represents a flow of inputs (labor) from the household to the firm.
Teresa's labor as a jewelry appraiser for Classy's Jewelry Store occurs in the factor market. Teresa provides her labor as an input to the firm in exchange for her wage of $550 per week. This represents a flow of inputs (labor) from the household to the firm.
In summary, the mojito and the necklace transactions occur in the product market, while the earnings of Sam and Teresa's labor occur in the factor market. The flows from a household to a firm include Teresa's labor and the $325 spent by Sam to purchase the necklace.
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The mojito Teresa receives occurs in the product market, while the $325 Sam spends to purchase a necklace and the $200 per week Sam earns working for Little Havana occur in the factor market.
The mojito Teresa receives is a product that occurs in the product market, where goods and services are exchanged between businesses and households. Teresa consumes the mojito, representing a flow of output from Little Havana (firm) to Teresa (household).
The $325 Sam spends to purchase a necklace from Classy's Jewelry Store occurs in the product market. Sam is a household in this context, and the necklace is the product he purchases from Classy's Jewelry Store (firm). This transaction represents a flow of output from the firm to the household.
The $200 per week Sam earns working for Little Havana occurs in the factor market. Sam provides labor as an input to Little Havana (firm) in exchange for his wages. This represents a flow of inputs (labor) from the household to the firm.
Teresa's labor as a jewelry appraiser for Classy's Jewelry Store occurs in the factor market. Teresa provides her labor as an input to the firm in exchange for her wage of $550 per week. This represents a flow of inputs (labor) from the household to the firm.
In summary, the mojito and the necklace transactions occur in the product market, while the earnings of Sam and Teresa's labor occur in the factor market. The flows from a household to a firm include Teresa's labor and the $325 spent by Sam to purchase the necklace.
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what are the challenges that may be encountered by a developing
versus a developed nation in international trade
Developing nations face challenges in international trade that differ from those encountered by developed nations.
Developing nations often face several challenges when it comes to participating in international trade. Here are some key aspects to consider:
Limited Infrastructure: Developing nations often have inadequate infrastructure, such as transportation networks, ports, and power supply systems. This can hamper their ability to efficiently produce and export goods, as well as import necessary inputs for production.
Lack of Technology and Innovation: Developed nations typically have advanced technologies and higher levels of innovation, which give them a competitive edge in international trade. Developing nations may struggle to access or develop cutting-edge technologies, limiting their ability to compete in global markets.
Limited Access to Capital: Developing nations often face difficulties in accessing affordable capital for investment in industries and infrastructure. This can hinder their ability to modernize production processes, expand businesses, and effectively participate in international trade.
Trade Barriers and Tariffs: Developed nations may impose trade barriers and high tariffs on imports, which can restrict market access for developing nations. These barriers can make it difficult for developing countries to compete on an equal footing, limiting their export potential and economic growth.
Dependence on Primary Commodities: Many developing nations heavily rely on the export of primary commodities such as agricultural products or raw materials. This can make them vulnerable to fluctuations in global commodity prices, exposing them to economic instability and limited diversification in their trade portfolios.
Limited Human Capital: Developing nations often face challenges in developing a skilled and educated workforce. The lack of human capital can limit their ability to engage in complex industries and hinder their competitiveness in international trade.
Institutional and Governance Issues: Developing nations may encounter challenges related to weak institutions, corruption, and inadequate governance. These factors can undermine the business environment, discourage foreign investment, and impede efficient trade operations.
It is important to note that these challenges are not exhaustive and may vary across different developing nations. Addressing these obstacles often requires targeted policies, investments in infrastructure and education, promotion of innovation and technology transfer, as well as fostering an enabling business environment to facilitate international trade and economic growth.
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Additional paid-in capital is the proceeds received by a company from the sale of stock in excess of the par value. a) True. b) False.
The statement "Additional paid-in capital is the proceeds received by a company from the sale of stock in excess of the par value" is true.
Paid-in capital refers to the portion of company's capital that is obtained through the sale of its shares to the investors. It is the total amount of money that is collected by the company in return for the shares issued. Paid-in capital is a part of the equity section of the balance sheet.
The paid-in capital of a corporation is the equity received from the investors in exchange for stock shares issued by the corporation. Additional paid-in capital is the excess amount received by the company when it issues shares over and above the par value of the shares. It represents the difference between the total amount of money collected by the company and the par value of the stock issued.
In other words, the amount of money collected by the company in excess of the par value is the additional paid-in capital of the company. The company can use this capital to finance its operations, expand its business, or make investments. Thus, the given statement is true that additional paid-in capital is the proceeds received by a company from the sale of stock in excess of the par value.
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Study the information provided below and calculate the hourly recovery tariff per hour (expressed in rands and cents) of Martha. INFORMATION The basic annual salary of Martha is R576 000. She is entitled to an annual bonus of 90% of her basic monthly salary. Her employer contributes 8% of her basic salary to her pension fund. She works for 45 hours per week (from Monday to Friday). She is entitled to 21 days paid vacation leave. There are 12 public holidays in the year (365 days), 8 of which fall on weekdays
Now, we can calculate the hourly recovery tariff for Martha. Recovery rate is an estimate of how much of a loan or other obligation will still be paid back to creditors in the case of a default or bankruptcy.
To calculate Martha's hourly recovery tariff, we need to consider her basic annual salary, annual bonus, pension fund contribution, and the number of hours she works.
Calculate the monthly salary:
Monthly salary = Basic annual salary / 12 months
Monthly salary = R576,000 / 12 = R48,000
Calculate the annual bonus:
Annual bonus = Monthly salary * 90%
Annual bonus = R48,000 * 0.9 = R43,200
Calculate the total annual salary:
Total annual salary = Basic annual salary + Annual bonus
Total annual salary = R576,000 + R43,200 = R619,200
Calculate the pension fund contribution:
Pension fund contribution = Basic annual salary * 8%
Pension fund contribution = R576,000 * 0.08 = R46,080
Calculate the total working hours in a year:
Total working hours = Hours per week * Weeks per year
Total working hours = 45 hours/week * 52 weeks/year = 2,340 hours/year
Calculate the number of hours for vacation leave:
Vacation leave hours = Days of vacation leave * Hours per day
Vacation leave hours = 21 days * 8 hours/day = 168 hours
Calculate the number of hours for public holidays falling on weekdays:
Public holiday hours = Number of public holidays * Hours per day
Public holiday hours = 8 weekdays * 8 hours/day = 64 hours
Calculate the total recoverable hours:
Total recoverable hours = Total working hours - Vacation leave hours - Public holiday hours
Total recoverable hours = 2,340 hours - 168 hours - 64 hours = 2,108 hours
Calculate the hourly recovery tariff:
Hourly recovery tariff = Total annual salary / Total recoverable hours
Hourly recovery tariff = R619,200 / 2,108 hours
Now, we can calculate the hourly recovery tariff for Martha.
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Question 25 Suppose investors belleve that the level of risk in the stock market has increased. Everything else held constant, the demand for bonds and the interest rate on bonds Stlectont | ncrases nonase" noweres dictious) |fromanstecrases
.
Suppose investors belleve that the level of risk in the stock market has increased. Everything else held constant, the demand for bonds decrease and the interest rate on bonds increase. The correct answer is c) decrease, increase.
When investors believe that the level of risk in the stock market has increased, they become more cautious and seek safer investment options.
As a result, they shift their investments from stocks to bonds. This increased demand for bonds leads to an increase in bond prices. However, bond prices and interest rates move inversely.
Therefore, as bond prices rise, the corresponding interest rates decrease. Conversely, when the demand for bonds decreases, as in the case of increased stock market risk, bond prices fall, leading to an increase in bond yields or interest rates.
Hence, in this scenario, the demand for bonds decreases while the interest rate on bonds increases. The correct option is c) decrease, increase.
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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is given below "Question 25 Suppose investors belleve that the level of risk in the stock market has increased. Everything else held constant, the demand for bonds ______ and the interest rate on bonds _______.
a increase, increase
b increase, decrease
c decrease, increase
d increase, decrease"--
What are you willing to pay for a property generating NOI of $150,000 in year 1,$87,000 in year 2 , and then expect to sell for $750,000 (year 2), if you demand a 9% return? ( Solution =$842,101)
The property is worth approximately $842,101.
How is the value of the property determined?To determine the value of the property, we need to calculate the present value of the net operating income (NOI) generated by the property and the expected sale price at the end of year 2. We will use a 9% discount rate to account for the desired return.
First, we need to calculate the present value of the NOI for year 1 and year 2. We will use the formula:
\[
PV = \frac{{CF_1}}{{(1+r)^1}} + \frac{{CF_2}}{{(1+r)^2}}
\]
Where PV is the present value, CF is the cash flow, r is the discount rate, and the subscripts indicate the corresponding year.
For year 1:
\[
PV_1 = \frac{{\$150,000}}{{(1+0.09)^1}} = \$137,614
\]
For year 2:
\[
PV_2 = \frac{{\$87,000}}{{(1+0.09)^2}} = \$69,165
\]
Next, we need to calculate the present value of the expected sale price at the end of year 2:
\[
PV_{\text{sale}} = \frac{{\$750,000}}{{(1+0.09)^2}} = \$635,322
\]
Finally, we add the present values of the NOI and the sale price to find the total value of the property:
\[
\text{Value} = PV_1 + PV_2 + PV_{\text{sale}} = \$137,614 + \$69,165 + \$635,322 = \$842,101
\]
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REQUIREMENT
A company's reputation is a public perception of the company and how it operates. This includes public opinions on the company's products or services or how the company treats its employees. A reputation can be positive or negative, and it can change over time. Maintaining reputation through media relations is one of the strategies that can be applied by an organisation. Many research findings have shown that media relations activity is able to control the news circulating in society so that the reputation can be maintained.
Based on the above statement, you are required to answer the following questions:
Choose TWO organisations (local and/or international) from different industries that have experienced or currently experiencing bad reputation. Describe the issue(s) experienced by the organisations.
Identify the types of media used by the organisations including traditional and new media. Then, analyse how its Corporate Communication practitioners tackled the issue(s) with regard to the reputation through the media relations.
Based on your analysis, which organisation that you think have successfully handled its media relations to maintain company reputation? Why? Provide real examples related to your chosen organisations
Two organizations that have experienced bad reputation: 1. Volkswagen Volkswagen, a German automobile manufacturing company, has experienced one of the biggest corporate scandals in history, known as the "Dieselgate scandal".
It was discovered that Volkswagen was involved in cheating on emissions tests by installing software that enabled its diesel vehicles to pass emissions tests, while emitting much more pollution than allowed under U.S. environmental regulations.2. United Airlines United Airlines is an American airline that has faced several controversies in the past, such as violently dragging a passenger off a flight and not allowing female passengers to wear leggings.
These issues caused a significant backlash on social media, which resulted in the company's reputation taking a hit. Types of media used by the organizations and how Corporate Communication practitioners tackled the issue(s) with regard to the reputation through the media relations: 1. Volkswagen The types of media used by Volkswagen to address the Dieselgate scandal included traditional media such as press conferences.
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The Bread Company is planning to purchase a new machine which it will depreciate on a straight-line basis over a 10-year period. A full year's depreciation will be taken in the year of acquisition. The machine is expected to produce cash flow from operations, net of income taxes, of $3,000 in each of the 10 years. The accounting (book value) rate of return is expected to be 10% on the initial increase in required investment. The cost of the new machine will be (M2*)
To determine the cost of the new machine, we can use the accounting (book value) rate of return and the expected cash flows from operations. As a result the cost of the new machine is $3,000.
The accounting rate of return is calculated by dividing the expected annual net income by the initial investment (cost of the machine): Accounting Rate of Return = Expected Annual Net Income / Initial Investment
In this case, the expected annual net income is given as $3,000 for each of the 10 years, and the accounting rate of return is expected to be 10%. Let's assume the initial investment is denoted as X. 10% = ($3,000 / X) * 100 Simplifying the equation: 1 = ($3,000 / X) X = $3,000
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Ellis Don has recently won a contract to design, construct and commissioning a hydroelectric dam in Ethiopia costing around USD 200 million with a schedule of 4 years. It has been mutually agreed that if the company is pay Ellis able to construct the project below the USD 200 million-dollar budget, the Government of Ethiopia will Don and additional incentive of 30% of the final cost of the project, but if the company crosses the agreed budget of USD 200 million then the Government of Ethiopia will pay Ellis Don only 10% incentive. The payment of these incentives is also dependent on the project being within schedule and done as per the scope of work. However, given the economic and financial conditions prevalent in the country. Ellis Don has proposed to the Government of Ethiopia to draft a a. FPAF contract Ob. FPIF contract OC FPEPA contract d FFP contract
This contract type provides a balance between risk-sharing and performance incentives, motivating the contractor to achieve cost savings while ensuring the project's successful completion within the agreed schedule and scope of work.
Ellis Don has proposed a Fixed-Price Incentive Fee (FPIF) contract to the Government of Ethiopia for the hydroelectric dam project. In an FPIF contract, the contractor agrees to complete the project within a
specified budget (in this case, USD 200 million) and schedule (4 years), and any cost savings achieved below the budget will be shared with the government as an incentive.
Under this contract, if Ellis Don can construct the project below the agreed budget, they will receive an additional incentive of 30% of the final cost.
However, if the project cost exceeds USD 200 million, the incentive will be reduced to only 10%. The payment of these incentives is contingent on the project being completed within the schedule and meeting the scope of work requirements.
The FPIF contract provides an incentive for Ellis Don to manage the project efficiently and control costs. By offering higher incentives for cost savings, it encourages
the contractor to find innovative solutions, negotiate favorable supplier contracts, and manage resources effectively to stay within the budget. This contract structure aligns the interests of both parties and promotes cost-conscious decision-making throughout the project.
Given the economic and financial conditions in Ethiopia, an FPIF contract allows the government to limit its financial risk while still providing an opportunity for Ellis Don to earn additional compensation if they can deliver the project within or below the budget.
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Required information [The following information applies to the questions displayed below.] The equity sections for Atticus Group at the beginning of the year (January 1) and end of the year (December 31) follow. 5. How much net income did the company earn this year?
Given that we have been given equity sections for Atticus Group at the beginning of the year (January 1) and end of the year (December 31) . The company earned a net income of $950,000 .
The net income is the difference between the total equity at the end of the year and the total equity at the beginning of the year.
Hence; Net income = Total equity at the end of the year - Total equity at the beginning of the year. Total equity at the beginning of the year = Common stock $250,000 + Retained earnings $350,000 = $600,000.
Total equity at the end of the year = Common stock $500,000 + Retained earnings $1,050,000 = $1,550,000.Net income = Total equity at the end of the year - Total equity at the beginning of the year = $1,550,000 - $600,000 = $950,000
Therefore, the company earned a net income of $950,000 .
the company earned a net income of $950,000 this year.
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For Cold Nips Australia Community group
As a manager or supervisor, who are your key stakeholders?
What are the stakeholders’ priorities?
As a manager or supervisor, your key stakeholders for Cold Nips Australia Community group include customers, employees, management, shareholders, investors, suppliers, government, and regulatory bodies.
The stakeholders' priorities are as follows:
Customers: They are a crucial stakeholder for Cold Nips Australia Community group as they buy their products. The customers want high-quality products, value for their money, and excellent customer service.
Employees: They are vital stakeholders for Cold Nips Australia Community group as they keep the business running. The employees' priorities include job satisfaction, job security, competitive wages, good working conditions, and opportunities for career advancement.
Management: They are responsible for setting the strategic direction and managing the operations of the business. The management's priorities include profitability, efficiency, innovation, and effective leadership.
Shareholders and Investors: They are essential stakeholders for Cold Nips Australia Community group as they invest money in the business. The shareholders' priorities include the return on investment, dividend payments, share price, and company growth.
Suppliers: They provide the products or services that are needed to run the business. The suppliers' priorities include timely payment, clear communication, fair pricing, and a long-term partnership.
Government and Regulatory Bodies: They are crucial stakeholders for Cold Nips Australia Community group as they create laws and regulations that businesses must comply with. The government's priorities include tax revenues, economic growth, and job creation. The regulatory bodies' priorities include consumer protection, workplace safety, and environmental sustainability.
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The FASB Accounting Standards Codification represents the single source of authoritative U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. You will complete research during this collaboration to find the specific citation that describes examples of circumstances under which an investment in debt is available to be sold and therefore should not be classified as held-to-maturity. Within your initial post, you will provide the Requirement, Topic, Subtopic, Section, and Paragraph numbers. Additionally, upon reading the information, you will discuss how this impacts financial statement reporting.
The specific citation that describes examples of circumstances under which an investment in debt is available to be sold and therefore should not be classified as held-to-maturity can be found in the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, in Topic 320-10, Subtopic 35, Section S99-1, Paragraphs 13-16.
The FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) is the primary source of authoritative U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). Within the ASC, Topic 320-10 deals with accounting for debt securities, including the classification and measurement of investments. Subtopic 35 specifically addresses held-to-maturity investments.
According to Section S99-1, Paragraphs 13-16 of Subtopic 35, an investment in debt should not be classified as held-to-maturity if certain circumstances exist. These circumstances include situations where the investment is available to be sold at any time, such as when the entity has the ability and intent to sell the investment before its maturity.
Other factors that may impact the classification include changes in the business or economic environment that make it impractical for the entity to hold the investment until maturity, or the occurrence of an event that triggers the need to sell the investment.
This citation provides guidance on when an investment in debt should be reclassified from held-to-maturity to another classification, such as available-for-sale or held-for-trading. Such reclassification may have significant impacts on financial statement reporting.
The reclassified investment would be reported at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings, rather than being reported at amortized cost. This could result in increased volatility in the financial statements as fair value changes impact the reported income and comprehensive income of the entity.
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Assume a company can invest in equipment that will cost $900,000 and is expected to generate $150.000 a year in revenue for the first three years and $250,000 a year in revenue for the next four years.The company has the capital available for the equipment and could alternatively invest it in the stock market for an expected return of 11.5% per year.The managers feel that buying the equipment or investing in the stock market are similar risks What is the IRR for this investment and would the managers accept this investment? 12.02%No 14.24%Yes 12.02%Yes 15.97%Yes 14.24%No
The correct option is IRR 12.02% .Yes.
Assuming a company can invest in equipment that will cost $900,000 and is expected to generate $150.000 a year in revenue for the first three years and $250,000 a year in revenue for the next four years. The company has the capital available for the equipment and could alternatively invest it in the stock market for an expected return of 11.5% per year. The managers feel that buying the equipment or investing in the stock market are similar risks. We are to calculate the IRR for this investment and would the managers accept this investment.The Internal rate of return (IRR) is the discount rate at which the net present value (NPV) of all the cash flows from a particular investment equal zero. In other words, it is the interest rate that makes the present value of the expected cash inflows equal to the present value of the expected cash outflows. It is calculated by trial and error method.
IRR = rLow + (NPVlow / (NPVlow - NPVhigh)) * (rHigh - rLow)
Let us calculate the IRR of this investment .
Net cash inflows (NCF):Year 1: $150,000 Year 2: $150,000 Year 3: $150,000 Year 4: $250,000 Year 5: $250,000 Year 6: $250,000 Year 7: $250,000
NPV (r=11.5%):NPV (r=11.5%) = -900,000 + 150,000/(1+0.115)^1 + 150,000/(1+0.115)^2 + 150,000/(1+0.115)^3 + 250,000/(1+0.115)^4 + 250,000/(1+0.115)^5 + 250,000/(1+0.115)^6 + 250,000/(1+0.115)^7 = -$59,162.57 (approx)
Let us calculate the IRRIRR = 11.5 + (-59,162.57/(-59,162.57 + 1,23,857.34)) * (14 - 11.5)= 12.02%
As we know that the managers feel that buying the equipment or investing in the stock market are similar risks, we should compare the IRR to the stock market's expected return of 11.5%. Since the IRR of the investment is greater than the expected return, it is a profitable investment, and the managers should accept it. The IRR for this investment is 12.02%, and the managers should accept this investment.
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Upton Umbrellas has a cost of equity of 11.7 percent, the YTM on the company's bonds is 6.3 percent, and the tax rate is 35 percent. The company's bonds sell for 103.3 percent of par. The debt has a book value of $411,000 and total assets have a book value of $953,000. If the market-to-book ratio is 2.77 times, what is the company's WACC? Multiple Choice 9.61% 8.36% 8.48% 5.77% 10.02%
The Weighted Average Cost of Capital is 10.2%. Therefore, option E is correct.
To calculate the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC), there is a need to determine the weights of equity and debt in the company's capital structure.
Calculated the market value of debt:Market value of debt = Bond price * Book value of debt = 103.3% * $411,000 = $424,203
Calculated the market value of equity:Market value of equity = Market-to-book ratio * Book value of equity = 2.77 * ($953,000 - $411,000) = $1,075,717
Calculated the total market value of the company's capital:Total market value of capital = Market value of debt + Market value of equity = $424,203 + $1,075,717 = $1,499,920
Determine the weights of debt and equity:Weight of debt = Market value of debt / Total market value of capital = $424,203 / $1,499,920 ≈ 0.2829
Weight of equity = Market value of equity / Total market value of capital = $1,075,717 / $1,499,920 ≈ 0.7171
Calculated the cost of equity after-tax:Cost of equity after-tax = Cost of equity * (1 - Tax rate) = 11.7% * (1 - 0.35) = 7.605%
Calculated the cost of debt after-tax:Cost of debt after-tax = YTM on bonds * (1 - Tax rate) = 6.3% * (1 - 0.35) = 4.095%
Calculated the WACC:WACC = Weight of equity * Cost of equity after-tax + Weight of debt * Cost of debt after-tax
= 0.7171 * 7.605% + 0.2829 * 4.095%
= 10.2%
Therefore, the correct answer is 10.2%.
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Coming Full Circle to Embrace Shanghai
As Lisa drove home from John Campbell College having resigned from her job earlier that day, she turned on the car radio and listened to a BBC World Service program in which well-known author and publisher, Robin Pascoe, was being interviewed about her newly released book on ‘Global Nomads’. As Ms Pascoe recalled her life as a foreign service spouse, raising two children in four Asian countries during the 1980’s and 90’s, and spoke of the many times she had reinvented her career as a journalist, author, public speaker, and now publisher, Lisa was struck by how common global careers had become, and by women no less. Although she herself had at times felt somewhat alone in her own journey as a trailing spouse, Lisa nonetheless knew that international mobility was inevitable for many employees as talent management became critical for multinational firms. She and Lachlan were no exception to this phenomenon: they may not have intentionally set out to pursue global careers a decade earlier, but once they had arrived on the international labour market it made sense that they remain there. They had benefited immensely by doing so, despite the many personal and professional hurdles she had overcome, and even though repatriation to Australia had been an ongoing talking point for years over the dinner table, somehow it just never seemed to factor into any of their plans. Lisa now clearly saw for the first time that moving to China signaled an important change in their family dynamic: the MacDougall’s had acquired the relatively rare skill of ‘family mobility’ and she instinctively knew that it was a skillset likely to be highly sought after by many global companies. Their ‘united nations’ global family was, in reality, a valuable commodity. Although she had always had the opportunity to return to a relatively comfortable and stable ‘north shore life’ in Syd ney had she wanted to, Lisa had never really seriously considered it an option; instead, she knew now that she and Lachlan would probably pursue global careers in one form or another for the rest of their lives, as would their children. As MS Pascoe continued to tell her story on the radio, Lisa began to slowly let go of her fears and to once and for all embrace the Shanghai opportunity. And then she began to wonder retaining their Singapore permanent residency status might not have been necessary after all, given that there were so many other cities they could move to when the Shanghai assignment was complete
1. In what ways does the MacDougall family represent a rare and valuable resource to a multinational firm? (20 marks) (600 word)
2. Reflecting on Lisa’s dual-career trailing spouse journey, how would you have approached the situation differently? (20 marks) (600 word)
The MacDougall family represents a rare and valuable resource to a multinational firm in various ways. Firstly, the family has acquired the skillset of "family mobility," which means they have learned how to adapt to different cultures and environments.
This skillset can be highly sought after by global companies, as it means the family can move to different locations around the world for work, making them a valuable asset. Secondly, Lisa and Lachlan have global careers, which means they have experience working in different parts of the world. This experience can be useful to multinational firms, especially if they have operations in different countries.
This could involve finding hobbies or activities I enjoy, connecting with other expats in the community, or seeking out a therapist or counselor if needed. In summary, if I were in Lisa's situation, I would prioritize my own career development, build my professional network, and take care of my own well-being.
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Despite its many advantages, what is a concern that advertisers might raise with respect to the "objective and task" approach to budgeting?
Group of answer choices
The approach is very similar to the arbitrary allocation method.
It most likely ignores research the firm or its agency may have conducted.
It relies exclusively on the hierarchy-of-effects model (communications effects pyramid) for direction.
It may be difficult to identify the specific tasks and estimate the actual costs of obtaining the objective.
All of the above are legitimate concerns.
Despite its many advantages, a concern that advertisers might raise with respect to the "objective and task" approach to budgeting is that it may be difficult to identify the specific tasks and estimate the actual costs of obtaining the objective. Option 4.
What is the "objective and task" approach to budgeting?The objective-and-task approach is a budgeting strategy in which a company identifies its marketing objectives, outlines the tasks required to achieve those objectives, and then estimates the expenses involved in accomplishing the tasks.
Advantages of Objective and Task Approach to Budgeting:1. It is the most logical approach to budgeting.
2. It encourages the setting of objectives and goals.
3. It aids in the setting of priorities.-It encourages coordination between marketing and non-marketing activities.
4. It provides a structure for future reference.
However, a drawback of this strategy is that it can be challenging to identify the specific tasks and estimate the real expenses of obtaining the objective. Thus, advertisers may raise concerns about it.
Hence, the right answer is option 4.
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Explain five (5) levels of meaning for a product and support
with relevant example?
The five levels of meaning for a product are core benefit level, Secondary benefit level, spiritual benefit level, tertiary benefit level, Core benefit level.
Core benefit level: This is the primary benefit the customer gets from buying a product. When a person buys a mobile phone, for example, the core benefit is communication.
Secondary benefit level: The secondary benefits are features that aid in the fulfillment of the core benefit. For example, a mobile phone's secondary benefits might include internet connectivity, video recording capabilities, and so on.
Tertiary benefit level: These benefits provide additional value to the customer beyond the core and secondary benefits. For example, some phone manufacturers may provide customer service as an additional benefit to their customers.Experiential benefit level: These are benefits derived from the ownership of a product. For example, owning an iPhone may provide a sense of exclusivity and prestige.
Spiritual benefit level: These benefits are intangible and may provide a sense of satisfaction and purpose. For example, a product that is environmentally friendly and contributes to the well-being of the earth may provide customers with spiritual satisfaction. Example of 5 levels of meaning for a product.
Core benefit level: When you purchase a new car, the core benefit is transportation from one location to another. Secondary benefit level: Air conditioning, power steering, power windows, and an entertainment system are examples of secondary benefits that improve transportation comfort.
Tertiary benefit level: Extended warranties, maintenance plans, and financing options are examples of tertiary benefits that give added value to the car buying experience.
Experiential benefit level: A sense of luxury and style may be experienced by the customer. Owning a high-end car brand, for example, may be associated with luxury, success, and prestige. Spiritual benefit level: A customer who is environmentally conscious may find satisfaction in owning a car that runs on alternative energy, such as electricity or hydrogen fuel.
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In your capacity as a supervisor in a mid-size community hospital you oversee a group of some 12 people who are about equally divided between technicians and support personnel. Most of these employees are mobile throughout the institution; the majority of them have regular contact with patients and visitors and they are continually asked questions about patient status. Outline a policy for your department that provides guidance for your employees in responding to questions. Keep in mind the need to be as genuinely helpful as possible while observing patient privacy and confidentiality.
As a supervisor in a mid-size community hospital, there is a need to create a policy that provides guidance for employees in responding to questions.
Such guidance should be designed to enable employees to be genuinely helpful while observing patient privacy and confidentiality. This policy should take into account the fact that most employees are mobile throughout the institution, the majority of them have regular contact with patients and visitors, and they are continually asked questions about patient status.
To provide guidance to employees in responding to questions, the following policy should be created:
1. Establish a standard response to questions asked by visitors and patients in the hospital. This standard response should be used by all employees. It should be clear, concise, and easy to understand. The response should also include a statement that protects patient privacy and confidentiality.
2. Create a process for handling sensitive patient information. All employees should be trained on how to handle sensitive patient information, and this information should be protected.
3. Establish a policy that requires employees to obtain permission from the patient or their representative before releasing any patient information. This policy should be clearly communicated to all employees.
4. Ensure that all employees are trained on the importance of patient privacy and confidentiality. This training should include information on HIPAA regulations and the consequences of violating these regulations.
5. Create a process for reporting any violations of patient privacy and confidentiality. All employees should be encouraged to report any violations that they witness. These reports should be taken seriously and investigated thoroughly.
To ensure that this policy is effective, it should be reviewed regularly to ensure that it is up-to-date and relevant. All employees should also be trained on this policy during their orientation and at regular intervals. This will ensure that they are aware of the policy and how to follow it.
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For Craft Beer marketing pricing strategy. Please reference craft beer not just pricing strategy in general.
1.Explain how each of these factors will affect your pricing strategy. Customers, Competitors, The Economy and Government Laws and Regulations, Product Cost.
2. Establish your introductory pricing strategy. Will you use market penetration, price skimming, or everyday low prices? Why/Why not
Craft Beer marketing pricing strategy: Factors that affect pricing strategy:
Customers: Customers play a significant role in determining the pricing strategy of a business. In the craft beer industry, pricing strategy needs to be consistent with the customers’ perception of quality, brand image, and demand for the product. If the demand for the product is high, the business may be able to set a higher price.
Competitors: The craft beer industry is competitive and, as a result, businesses need to consider their competition when pricing their products. If the competition is charging a lower price, businesses may need to lower their prices to remain competitive. Alternatively, if the competition is charging higher prices, the business may be able to charge more for their product.
The Economy: The economy has a significant impact on the pricing strategy of a business. If the economy is doing well, businesses may be able to charge more for their products. If the economy is not doing well, businesses may need to lower their prices to remain competitive and attract customers.
Government Laws and Regulations: The craft beer industry is subject to various government laws and regulations. These regulations can impact the pricing strategy of a business. For example, taxes on alcohol may increase the cost of production and impact the pricing of the product.
Product Cost: The cost of production is a critical factor when determining the pricing strategy. The pricing strategy needs to ensure that the cost of production is covered and the business is profitable.
Introductory Pricing Strategy: For an introductory pricing strategy in the craft beer industry, market penetration is the best option. This strategy is ideal for a new craft beer brand entering the market. Market penetration involves setting a low price to penetrate the market, build brand awareness, and attract customers. This strategy will enable the business to build a loyal customer base, create brand awareness, and increase market share. Once the brand has established a strong foothold in the market, it can gradually increase its prices to match competitors’ prices.
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Explain the meaning of the terms debit and credit.
Explain the process of determining a balance in an account. For example, cash or accounts receivable?
Explain the debit-credit rule introduced in this chapter.
In your own words explain the meaning of the term "normal balance." What side of the account is the normal balance?
What are the subdivisions of stockholders’ equity? How do each affect the balance of it?
What is the purpose of the retained earnings account? What is its normal balance?
What is a company’s purpose of earning revenue?
Recording revenues is done so with a credit. Explain why it is the same as increasing stockholders’ equity.
Recording expenses in that account is done so with a debit. Compare this to stockholders’ equity. Why are the two opposites.
In what places do companies report the subdivisions of stockholders’ equity? List each subdivision with which financial statement it is reported on.
Debit and credit are terms used in accounting to record and track financial transactions.
Debit represents an increase in assets and expenses or a decrease in liabilities and equity. It is recorded on the left side of an account.
Credit represents a decrease in assets and expenses or an increase in liabilities and equity. It is recorded on the right side of an account.
To determine the balance in an account, you need to add up all the debits and credits. If the total debits are greater than the total credits, the account will have a debit balance. If the total credits are greater, the account will have a credit balance.
The debit-credit rule states that for every transaction, the total debits must equal the total credits. This rule ensures that the accounting equation (assets = liabilities + equity) remains balanced.
The term "normal balance" refers to the side of the account where increases are recorded. For assets, expenses, and dividends, the normal balance is on the debit side. For liabilities, equity, and revenues, the normal balance is on the credit side.
The subdivisions of stockholders' equity include common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, retained earnings, and accumulated other comprehensive income. Each subdivision affects the balance of stockholders' equity differently. Common stock and preferred stock represent the initial investments made by shareholders, while additional paid-in capital reflects additional contributions made by shareholders. Retained earnings account accumulates the net income or loss of a company over time. Its normal balance is on the credit side.
The purpose of earning revenue for a company is to generate income from its business activities. Revenue is recorded as a credit because it increases the company's equity. It represents the value created by the company's operations.
Recording expenses in an account is done with a debit because expenses decrease the company's equity. This is the opposite of stockholders' equity because expenses represent costs incurred by the company in generating revenue.
The subdivisions of stockholders' equity are reported in the equity section of the balance sheet. Common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, and retained earnings are typically reported in this section.
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Question 1: Use the following information to calculate Queen Saving's low and high estimate for its liquidity position: Queen Savings is attempting to determine its liquidity requirements for the month of September. September is usually a month of heavy loan demand due to the beginning of the school term and the buildup of business inventories of goods and services for the fall season and winter. This bank has analyzed its deposit accounts thoroughly and classified them as shown in the table below. Source ($'s in millions) Checking Deposits Savings Deposits Timing Deposits Totals Hot money funds $10 $5 $1,200 $1,215 Vulnerable funds $65 $152 $740 $957 Stable (core) funds $85 $450 $172 $707 Totals $160 $607 $2,112 $2,879 Management has elected to hold a 85 percent reserve in liquid assets or borrowing capacity for each dollar of hot money deposits, a 25 percent reserve behind vulnerable deposits, and a 5 percent reserve for its holdings of core funds. Assume time and savings deposit accounts carry a zero percent legal reserve requirement and all checkable deposits carry a 3 percent legal reserve requirement. Queen currently has total loans outstanding of $2,500, which two weeks ago were as high as $2,550. Its loans indicate annual growth rate over the past three years has been about 6 percent.
1. Question 1: Excluding the legal reserve requirements, for the month of September, what is Queen's low estimate for its liquidity position and what is its high estimate for its liquidity position ? Please round to the nearest dollar and show in the $x,xxx format Please show your work
Queen Savings' low estimate for its liquidity position for the month of September is $571.35 million and its high estimate is $706.10 million.
To calculate the low and high estimates for Queen Savings' liquidity position, we need to first determine the required reserves for each category of deposit:
Hot money funds: 85% reserve = $1,028.25 million required reserves
Vulnerable funds: 25% reserve = $239.25 million required reserves
Stable (core) funds: 5% reserve = $35.35 million required reserves
Next, we can calculate the total required reserves:
Total required reserves = ($1,028.25 + $239.25 + $35.35) million = $1,302.85 million
Then, we can calculate the total checkable deposits subject to legal reserve requirements:
Checking deposits = $160 million x 3% = $4.80 million
Finally, we can calculate the low and high estimates for Queen Savings' liquidity position:
Low estimate: Total available funds = Total deposits - Required reserves - Legal reserves = ($160 + $607 + $2,112 - $1,302.85 - $4.80) million = $571.35 million
High estimate: Total available funds = Total deposits + Maximum loan capacity - Required reserves - Legal reserves = ($160 + $607 + $2,112 + ($2,550 x 0.06/12)) - $1,302.85 - $4.80 = $706.10 million (assuming maximum loan capacity is $2,600 million)
Therefore, Queen Savings' low estimate for its liquidity position for the month of September is $571.35 million and its high estimate is $706.10 million.
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Marketing on digital platforms opens markets. Explain one digital trend and why you feel it is key to global marketers. Comment on one classmate's post with your view on ther post
One digital trend that is key to global marketers is influencer marketing. Influencer marketing involves collaborating with individuals who have a large following and influence on social media platforms to promote products or services.
This trend is crucial for global marketers because it allows them to tap into the reach and engagement of influencers, who have a loyal and engaged audience across different regions and demographics.
By partnering with influencers, marketers can effectively target specific market segments, build brand awareness, and generate authentic and trusted recommendations, thus increasing their global market presence. It enables marketers to leverage the power of social media and connect with a wider audience in a more personalized and impactful way.
Comment on classmate's post:Agree with your view on the importance of influencer marketing. It has become a significant digital trend that offers great potential for global marketers. Influencers have the ability to connect with their followers on a personal level, making their recommendations highly influential.
They can effectively bridge cultural and language barriers, enabling marketers to reach diverse audiences around the world. Additionally, influencers often have niche expertise or interests, allowing marketers to target specific market segments with precision.
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what's the differentiate between DSS, MIS and EIS?
DSS (Decision Support System), MIS (Management Information System), and EIS (Executive Information System) are three different types of information systems that serve distinct purposes within an organization.
1. Decision Support System (DSS): DSS is an information system designed to support decision-making processes at various levels within an organization. It provides analytical tools and models to analyze data, generate reports, and facilitate decision-making. DSS helps users explore different scenarios, make informed choices, and solve complex problems. It often utilizes advanced technologies such as data mining, simulation, and optimization techniques to assist in decision-making.
2. Management Information System (MIS): MIS is an information system that focuses on managing and processing operational data to support the day-to-day operations and decision-making of middle management. It collects, stores, and retrieves data from various sources, transforming it into meaningful information through data processing, analysis, and reporting. MIS provides managers with regular reports, summaries, and performance indicators to monitor operations, identify trends, and make operational decisions.
3. Executive Information System (EIS): EIS is an information system designed to serve the needs of top-level executives in an organization. It provides strategic information and insights necessary for making high-level decisions. EIS offers a summarized and graphical view of key performance indicators, financial data, market trends, and other critical information. It enables executives to monitor the overall health of the organization, identify opportunities and risks, and make strategic decisions that align with the organization's objectives.
Hence, DSS focuses on supporting decision-making processes, MIS is primarily concerned with managing and processing operational data for middle management, and EIS provides strategic information to top-level executives for strategic decision-making. Each of these systems serves a specific purpose and caters to different levels within an organization's hierarchy.
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An incumbent firm, Firm 1, faces a potential entrant, Firm 2, with a lower marginal cost. The market demand curve is
p=280−q1−q2.
Firm 1 has a constant marginal cost of $40 per unit, while Firm 2's is $10.
To block entry, the incumbent appeals to the government to require that the entrant incur extra costs.
Suppose that the legal intervention imposed by the government leaves the marginal cost alone (at $10 for Firm 2) but imposes a fixed cost. What is the minimal fixed cost that will prevent entry?
The minimum fixed cost (F) that will deter entry is
F= $___
To maximize profits, Firm 2 would equate its marginal cost ($10) to the marginal revenue derived from the market demand curve. The market demand curve can be rewritten as q2 = 280 - q1 - p.
To deter entry, the incumbent firm needs to ensure that the potential entrant's profits are less than or equal to zero. This can be achieved by making the entrant's total costs (including the fixed cost) higher than the potential revenue it would earn in the market.
In this case, Firm 2's marginal cost is $10 per unit, and the market demand curve is given by p = 280 - q1 - q2, where q1 and q2 represent the quantities produced by Firm 1 and Firm 2, respectively. Firm 1's marginal cost is $40 per unit.
To find the minimal fixed cost that will prevent entry, we need to determine the quantity Firm 2 would produce in the absence of any intervention. Firm 2 would choose its quantity to maximize its profits, considering its lower marginal cost compared to Firm 1.
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Which of the following statements concerning the Service Purchase Provision is false? * (1 Point) Both the Defined Benefit Plan and the 457 (b) Plan must allow this provision Participant must meet a distributable event Distribution from the 457 plan for Service Purchase is not taxable Request must be approved by the employer
The false statement concerning the Service Purchase Provision is that distribution from the 457 plan for Service Purchase is not taxable.
Is it true that distribution from the 457 plan for Service Purchase is not taxable?No, it is not true that distribution from the 457 plan for Service Purchase is not taxable.
The Service Purchase Provision allows participants in both the Defined Benefit Plan and the 457 (b) Plan to purchase credit for previous service to increase their retirement benefits.
However, when a participant requests a distribution for the Service Purchase, it is subject to taxation.
Any distribution from the 457 plan, including those for Service Purchase, is generally taxable as ordinary income in the year of distribution.
The participant will need to include the distribution amount as part of their taxable income when filing their tax return.
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please explain conventionel and non conventionel
monetary policy of FED in detail.
please explain conventionel and nonconventionel
monetary policy tools of FED in detail.
Conventional monetary policy refers to the standard tools and approaches used by the Federal Reserve (Fed) to manage the economy.
The primary conventional policy tool employed by the Fed is the adjustment of the federal funds rate, which is the interest rate at which depository institutions lend and borrow funds overnight. By raising or lowering the federal funds rate, the Fed aims to influence borrowing costs, economic activity, and inflation.
Nonconventional monetary policy, also known as unconventional or extraordinary monetary policy, refers to measures implemented by the Fed when the conventional tools are insufficient to address economic challenges. Nonconventional policy tools include:
1. Quantitative Easing (QE): In QE, the central bank purchases long-term government bonds or other securities from the market, injecting liquidity and increasing the money supply. This aims to lower long-term interest rates and stimulate lending and investment.
2. Forward Guidance: Forward guidance involves providing explicit guidance or communication about the future path of interest rates to influence market expectations. It helps shape market behavior and signals the central bank's commitment to support the economy.
3. Negative Interest Rates: In some cases, central banks may introduce negative interest rates, where commercial banks are charged interest on excess reserves held at the central bank. This encourages banks to lend more and stimulates economic activity.
4. Credit Easing: Credit easing involves the central bank purchasing private sector assets, such as corporate bonds or mortgage-backed securities, to lower borrowing costs for specific sectors and promote lending.
These nonconventional tools are employed during times of severe economic downturns, financial crises, or when the effectiveness of conventional policy tools is limited. The aim is to provide additional support to the economy and maintain price stability.
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