Recall that Benford's Law claims that numbers chosen from very large data files tend to have "1" as the first nonzero digit disproportionately often. In fact, research has shown that if you randomly draw a number from a very large data file, the probability of getting a number with "1" as the leading digit is about 0.301. Now suppose you are an auditor for a very large corporation. The revenue report involves millions of numbers in a large computer file. Let us say you took a random sample of n = 225 numerical entries from the file and r = 51 of the entries had a first nonzero digit of 1. Let p represent the population proportion of all numbers in the corporate file that have a first nonzero digit of 1.

Use the value of the sample test statistic to find the corresponding z value. (Round your answer to two decimal places.)


Find the P-value of the test statistic. (Round your answer to four decimal places.)
P-value =

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

We can use the formula for the test statistic for a hypothesis test of a single proportion:

z = (p-hat - p) / sqrt(pq/n)

where p-hat is the sample proportion, p is the hypothesized population proportion (0.301 according to Benford's Law), q = 1 - p, and n is the sample size.

Plugging in the values given, we get:

z = (0.2278 - 0.301) / sqrt(0.301*0.699/225) = -2.83

To find the P-value, we need to find the probability that a standard normal distribution is less than -2.83 (since this is a left-tailed test). Using a standard normal table or calculator, we find this probability to be 0.0023.

Therefore, the P-value is 0.0023.

Explanation:


Related Questions

The supreme choice pizza at Paolos pizzeria contains 2 different meats and 4 different vegetables. The customer can selects any one of 4 types of crust. If there are 5 meats and 5 vegetables to choose from , how many different supreme choice pizza can be made?

Answers

There are 200 different supreme choice pizzas that can be made at Paolo's pizzeria.

Understanding Permutation and Combination

By applying the multiplication principle of counting, we can find the number of different supreme choice pizzas that can be made at Paolo's pizzeria.

There are total of 5 choices

2 choices for the meat

4 choices for the vegetables

5C2 = (5!)/(2!3!) = 10 ways to choose 2 meats, and

5C4 = (5!)/(4!1!) = 5 ways to choose 4 vegetables.

By the multiplication principle of counting, the total number of different ways to choose 2 meats and 4 vegetables is the product of the number of ways to choose each component:

10 x 5 = 50.

Finally, there are 4 choices of crust.

Therefore, the total number of different supreme choice pizzas that can be made is:

50 x 4 = 200.

Learn more about permutation here:

https://brainly.com/question/27839247

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Children and parents spend less time together in middle childhood than in the preschool years.
a. True
b. False
Apr 30

Answers

Answer:

True

Explanation:

In middle childhood, children depend less on external rewards and punishments and increasingly
regulate their own behavior.
a. True
b. False
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Apr 30

Answers

Answer:

The statement is true.

During middle childhood (between 6 and 11 years old), children's development allows them to become increasingly independent and self-regulated. They begin to understand the concept of rules and how they apply to different situations. They also start to internalize values and beliefs about what is right and wrong, and this internalization allows them to regulate their behavior without the need for external rewards or punishments.

For example, a 7-year-old child may start to understand that it is wrong to hit another child, even if an adult is not present to intervene. They may have learned this through previous experiences or from adults who have taught them this rule. As a result, they will regulate their behavior and choose not to hit the other child, even if there is no immediate reward or punishment for doing so.

Overall, as children progress through middle childhood, they become more capable of self-regulation and less reliant on external rewards and punishments to guide their behavior.

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