recursive Tracing Language/Type: Java recursion recursive tracing Author: Robert Baxter For each call to the following method, indicate what value is returned: < public static int mystery (int n) { if (n < 0) { return -mystery(-n); } else if (n = 10) { return (n + 1) % 10; } else { return 10 * mystery (n / 10) + (n + 1) % 10; } } mystery(7) mystery (42) mystery (385) mystery (-790) mystery (89294)

Answers

Answer 1

public static int mystery(int n) {if(n < 0) {return -mystery(-n);

}else if(n == 10) {return (n + 1) % 10;

}else {return 10 * mystery(n / 10) + (n + 1) % 10;

}}mystery(7)This is how the tracing of recursion works with the argument of 7:

mystery(7)mystery(0) * 10 + 8mystery(0) * 10 + 9mystery(0) * 10 + 10mystery(1) * 10 + 0mystery(1) * 10 + 1mystery(1) * 10 + 2mystery(2) * 10 + 3mystery(3) * 10 + 4mystery(4) * 10 + 5mystery(5) * 10 + 6mystery(6) * 10 + 7= 89,

so the returned value is 89.mystery(42)This is how the tracing of recursion works with the argument of 42:

mystery(42)mystery(4) * 10 + 3mystery(0) * 10 + 4= 43, so the returned value is 43.mystery(385)This is how the tracing of recursion works with the argument of 385:

mystery(385)mystery(38) * 10 + 4mystery(3) * 10 + 5mystery(0) * 10 + 6= 496, so the returned value is 496.mystery(-790)This is how the tracing of recursion works with the argument of -790:

mystery(-790)- mystery(790)- mystery(79) * 10 + 0- mystery(7) * 10 + 1- mystery(0) * 10 + 2= -861, so the returned value is -861.mystery(89294)This is how the tracing of recursion works with the argument of 89294:

mystery(89294)mystery(8929) * 10 + 5mystery(892) * 10 + 0mystery(89) * 10 + 3mystery(8) * 10 + 4mystery(0) * 10 + 5

= 89305,

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Related Questions

2.1 Suppose that we add n unique random integers into a PriorityQueue by calling add. After that, we take all integers out of this PriorityQueue one-by-one by calling poll, and print the integers in the order they are taken out. Explain how method add in PriorityQueue works, and give the asymptotic runtime (Big-O) of adding n integers into this PriorityQueue. Explain how method poll in PriorityQueue works, and give the asymptotic runtime (Big-O) of taking n integers out of this PriorityQueue.

Answers

PriorityQueue is a queue data structure that stores elements in an ordered manner according to their natural ordering or a defined ordering specified by the user. It has two main operations: add and poll.Method add:This method is used to add elements to a PriorityQueue.

When we add an element, it is placed in the appropriate position according to the specified ordering. If we add n unique random integers into a PriorityQueue by calling add, it will take O(n log n) time because PriorityQueue is implemented as a heap internally.

The head element is the element with the highest priority according to the specified ordering. If we take all integers out of this PriorityQueue one-by-one by calling poll, it will take O(n log n) time. Removing an element from a heap takes O(log n) time, and we do this n times, resulting in a total time complexity of O(n log n).Therefore, the asymptotic runtime (Big-O) of adding n integers into a PriorityQueue is O(n log n), and the asymptotic runtime (Big-O) of taking n integers out of this PriorityQueue is also O(n log n).

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4. (14 pts) Convert the following Context Free Grammar (CFG) into an equivalent Push Down Automata (PDA) (note that in this problem, the start variable is C): C → ACA | E E → 0G1 | 1G0 G→ AGA|A|€ A → 0 | 1

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A context-free grammar is one whose production rules may be applied to a nonterminal symbol independently of its context, in formal language theory.

Context Free Grammar (CFG) into an equivalent Push Down Automata (PDA):

Initial state: q0

Final state: q1

State transitions:

From state q0, on input A, push A onto the stack and go to state q1.

From state q1, on input 0, pop A from the stack and go to state q0.

From state q1, on input 1, pop A from the stack and go to state q0.

From state q0, on input E, accept.

Stack symbols: A

Input symbols: 0, 1

The PDA starts in state q0.

The PDA enters state q1 after pushing input A onto the stack and onto the stack.

The PDA selects A from the stack and enters state q0 on input 0.

The PDA selects A from the stack and enters state q0 in response to input 1.

The PDA takes input E.

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Please write a C program This program will focus on performance using pthreads.The program will take 2 command line arguments like:./program file1 file2. (argv[1], argv[2] Respectively) Next, it will create 2 pthreads one to read file1 and one to read file2. Each thread must count the number of occurrences of the letter 'c' in each file.Next, in main the program will wait until the threads are terminated.Finally, it will print the results for the number of occurrences of the letter 'c' ofeach file, that we previously got using the pthreads.

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Here's the C program that focuses on performance using pthreads. This program takes two command-line arguments as input `file1` and `file2`. It creates two pthreads, one to read `file1` and one to read `file2`. Each thread counts the number of occurrences of the letter 'c' in each file.

Then, in main, the program waits until the threads are terminated. Finally, it prints the results for the number of occurrences of the letter 'c' of each file, that we previously got using the pthreads.

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You’ve decided to run an Nmap scan on your network. What app could you open to perform this task? Choose all that apply.ZenmapMicrosoft EdgeCommand PromptPowerShell

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To run an Nmap scan on your network, the application you can open to perform this task is Zenmap. Option a is correct.

Zenmap is a graphical front-end for the Nmap network scanner that allows you to probe network hosts and display the results in an organized manner. Zenmap is open source software that can be used on a variety of operating systems, including Linux, Windows, and Mac OS X, among others.

Nmap is a useful tool for network administrators because it aids in the discovery of available hosts and their services. Nmap is an abbreviation for "Network Mapper," which is a free and open-source utility used to explore networks, perform security audits, and discover hosts and services on a network.

Therefore, a is correct.

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#include int main() { int a[ ]={1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10), i; 91861144 1861144 for(i=0; i<10; i++) if(a[i]%2==1) printf("%d,", a[i]); return 0; 191861/2011 } This program will display A 0,2,4,6,8, B 2,4,6,8,10, C 1,3,5,7,9, D 0,0,0,0,0

Answers

The program mentioned above will display C) 1, 3, 5, 7, 9. The program creates an integer array named a[] containing 10 integers (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10). A for loop is then used to iterate through each element of the array and check whether the number is odd or not.

If the number is odd (i.e. the number divided by 2 leaves a remainder of 1), it will print the number using printf() function followed by a comma.The for loop stops running when the value of i is 10, so it iterates from 0 to 9.

As a result, the program checks if a[0], a[1], a[2], a[3], a[4], a[5], a[6], a[7], a[8], and a[9] are odd or even and then prints the odd numbers only. Since 1,3,5,7, and 9 are the odd numbers present in the array, C is the correct option, which is 1,3,5,7,9.

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Using Python
Write a program to take user inputs (number of swords, diamonds,
gold coins, ropes and potions) for a video game and store them in a
dictionary. After which print the following output. (2

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The Python program should prompt the user to enter the number of swords, diamonds, gold coins, ropes, and potions for a video game. It should store these inputs in a dictionary and then print the desired output.

To accomplish this task in Python, you can start by creating an empty dictionary. Use the `input()` function to prompt the user for the number of swords, diamonds, gold coins, ropes, and potions. Store these values in the dictionary with appropriate keys.

Once the user inputs are stored in the dictionary, you can access the values using their respective keys and print the desired output. This may involve formatting the output string to display the number of each item.

By following this approach, the program will interact with the user, store their inputs in a dictionary, and then print the desired output.

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Name the Cardinalities used in an Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD). Can you mention that which
Relationship is not preferred to be kept in an ERD even if it may appear at the beginning of
constructing an ERD? Write down the full form of COCOMO Model.

Answers

Cardinalities used in an Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) are the designators for the relationship between the two entities.

These are the three cardinalities used in an Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD):

One-to-One

One-to-Many

Many-to-Many

A Recursive Relationship is not preferred to be kept in an ERD even if it may appear at the beginning of constructing an ERD. The full form of COCOMO Model is Constructive Cost Model. The Constructive Cost Model is a model that estimates the effort, time, and cost of software project development. This model assists developers in calculating and estimating the costs of a software development project.

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Find the error in each of the following program segments and correct the error. #define SIZE 100; int a[ 2 ][ 2 ] = {1, 21, (3, 4 ] }; a[ 1, 1 ] = 5; int sum( int x, int y ) { int result; result = x + y; } char name [30]; scanf("%29s", &name [30]); 5. int x[]=(1,0,0), y[]-(0,1,0); printf ("2x+3y = %d",2*x +3*y); 3.

Answers

Here are the corrected program segments:

#define SIZE 100int a[ 2 ][ 2 ] = {{1, 21}, {3, 4}};a[1][1] = 5;

int sum(int x, int y) {int result;result = x + y;return result;}

char name[30];

scanf("%29s", name);

int x[] = {1, 0, 0}, y[] = {0, 1, 0};

printf("2x+3y = %d", 2 * x[0] + 3 * y[1]);

The following are the errors in each of the program segments:

1. The error in this program segment is the semicolon after the SIZE 100 macro definition, which is unnecessary.

2. The error in this program segment is the way the 2D array is being defined. The array elements are not defined correctly. The correction involves adding curly brackets around the array elements and separating the rows with commas.

3. The error in this program segment is that the function sum() doesn't return a value.

4. The error in this program segment is the syntax error in the scanf() function. The ampersand should be removed before name[30].

5. The error in this program segment is the misused minus sign instead of the equals sign when defining y[] array. The correction requires substituting the minus sign with the equals sign.

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Assignment Details Your team works in ACE IT Consulting company and your team has been tasked to create a new page to display a list of all the employees in your company. It is required for you display their mugshot photo, full name, department name and name of their office location. Your company has following departments: 1. Accounting 2. HR 3. IT Services 4. Infrastructure 5. Software Development ACE IT Consulting also has 3 locations 1. Head Office: 288 Bremner Blvd, Toronto, ON M5V 3L9 2. South Sales Office: 4960 Clifton Hill, Niagara Falls, ON L2G 3N4 3. West CAN Sales Office: 8863 Cavendish Road, Cavendish, PEI Canada COA 1NO Your Administration team saw your design for the Movie list and approved the same design to be used for this project (Lab03 can be referenced). As part of this project, you need to display the list of employees with the details mentioned above (mugshot photo, full name, department name and name of their office location). Assignment Deliverable 1. This is a group assignment, please work with your assigned group 2. Create a new project with solution name group name and assignment name e.g. Group1_A1 3. You will create the assignment in MVC 5 based on labs you did in the class 4. Create a new Controller called EmployeeController 5. For this project you will need to create 3 models. Use your best judgement to define the model/ class properties. a. Employee b. Department C. Location 6. On index page display the following information a. Team name/ Group Name b. Each group member name c. Student ID d. Contribution to the assignment. If the group member didn't contribute, mention didn't contribute. e. Meeting Notes for the following meetings: i. Meeting 1: Assignment Kick off meeting. All group members should attend and assign task to each group member ii. Meeting 2: Status update meeting. In this meeting, you will meet and discuss what you have done. iii. Meeting 3: Final delivery meeting. In this meeting you will discuss the final touches and assign a person to upload the assignment. 7. Create a new view called Employees and display the employees there a. You must add yourself to the employees and assign departments and office locations b. You can add more employees as you see fit, but must add yourself as employees as well 8. Use Bootstrap to provide good visual representation Rubric 1. Total Marks (40 Marks) a. Models (15 Marks) b. Controller with data mocking (10 Marks) c. View: Employees (10 Marks) d. Use of Bootstrap, code neatness, correctness and ideation (5 Marks)

Answers

Here is the solution to create a new page to display a list of all the employees in your company:

Create a new project with a solution name group name and assignment name e.g. Group1_A1

You will create the assignment in MVC 5 based on labs you did in the class and create a new Controller called Employee Controller

For this project, you will need to create 3 models.

Use your best judgement to define the model/class properties.

EmployeeDepartmentLocationOn index page displays the following information Team name/ Group NameEach group member name student IDContribution to the assignmentMeeting Notes for the following meetings:

Meeting 1:

Assignment Kick-off meeting.

All group members should attend and assign a task to each group member

Meeting 2:

Status update meeting.

In this meeting, you will meet and discuss what you have done.

Meeting 3:

Final delivery meeting. In this meeting, you will discuss the final touches and assign a person to upload the assignment.

Create a new view called Employees and display the employees thereYou must add yourself to the employees and assign departments and office locationsYou can add more employees as you see fit, but must add yourself as employees as well.

Use Bootstrap to provide a good visual representation.

Rubric Total Marks (40 Marks) Models (15 Marks)Controller with data mocking (10 Marks)

View:

Employees (10 Marks)Use of Bootstrap, code neatness, correctness, and ideation (5 Marks)

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I have a string in php like this a = " 3 ,2 ,16 ,2 ," and i want
to put all the numbers in string inside different varaibles how can
i do that.

Answers

In PHP, the explode() function is used to convert a string to an array. This function is used to split a string into several smaller parts. The string is broken into parts based on the delimiter that is specified in the function call.

In your case, you can use the explode function to convert the string into an array and then assign each value to a separate variable. Here's an example code that demonstrates how to achieve this:

```In the above code, the string is first stored in the variable `$a`. The `explode()` function is then used to convert the string to an array. The delimiter used to split the string is a comma (`,`). This means that each number separated by a comma will be stored in a separate element of the array. The values of the array elements are then assigned to four separate variables.

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HMM You are employed by a biomedical lab to create a system which automatically reads an RNA triplet fed to it. For each location of the RNA triplet, you can assume there only two (2) possible nucleot

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The system I would create for automatically reading an RNA triplet would be based on a machine learning algorithm that can classify the two possible nucleotides at each location of the triplet.

To create a system that automatically reads an RNA triplet, I would employ a machine learning approach. Machine learning algorithms have shown great success in various domains, including biological data analysis. In this case, the algorithm would be trained on a dataset containing labeled RNA triplets, where each triplet is associated with the correct nucleotides at each location.

The algorithm would take the RNA triplet as input and use its learned knowledge to predict the two possible nucleotides at each location. This prediction would be based on patterns and correlations found in the training data. The algorithm would analyze the sequence context, neighboring nucleotides, and other relevant features to make accurate predictions.

To train the algorithm, a large and diverse dataset of labeled RNA triplets would be required. The dataset should cover a wide range of RNA sequences and include various combinations of nucleotides at each location. This would allow the algorithm to learn the general patterns and rules governing the relationship between the RNA sequence and its corresponding nucleotides.

Once the algorithm is trained, it can be deployed in the biomedical lab's system, where it would take in RNA triplets as input and provide predictions for the nucleotides at each location. This automated system would save time and effort in manually analyzing RNA sequences and enable researchers to focus on other aspects of their work.

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What is a referencing environment? a. The collection of all variables and functions visible at a given moment of program execution. b. The collection of source code, object code, and libraries linked to produce a program. c. A variable that is bound to a value only once. d. The type of system a program is running on.

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The referencing environment refers to the collection of all variables and functions visible at a given moment of program execution.

It encompasses the runtime context in which a program operates, determining which variables and functions are accessible and their corresponding values. This environment plays a crucial role in program execution and memory management. In programming, variables and functions are declared and defined within specific scopes such as global scope, function scope, or block scope. The referencing environment is responsible for keeping track of these scopes and their associated variables and functions. When a program is executed, the referencing environment is used to resolve references to variables and functions, allowing the program to access and manipulate their values.

The referencing environment is typically managed by the programming language's runtime system. It maintains a hierarchical structure that reflects the nesting of scopes within the program. Each scope can have its own set of variables and functions, and the referencing environment ensures that references are resolved correctly based on the current scope.

Overall, the referencing environment is essential for proper program execution as it provides the necessary context for variables and functions to be accessed and utilized throughout the program's lifecycle.

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Subject : Data Structure (C language)
TRIES
Compared with a binary
search tree, describe the advantages of trie data
structure.

Answers

Advantages of trie over a binary search tree: Efficient string storage & retrieval, fast prefix-based searches predictable time complexity.

What advantages does the trie data structure offer compared to a binary search tree?

The trie data structure provides several advantages over a binary search tree.

Firstly, tries excel in efficient storage and retrieval of strings or keys. Unlike binary search trees that store keys in nodes, tries use a structure where each node represents a character or a part of the key.

This allows for fast prefix-based searches, making it ideal for autocomplete or dictionary applications.

Additionally, tries have a predictable time complexity for operations, typically O(L), where L is the length of the key.

This makes trie operations more efficient than binary search trees, especially for large datasets.

Furthermore, tries eliminate the need for complex balancing algorithms required in binary search trees, resulting in simpler implementation and improved performance.

Overall, the trie data structure offers advantages in terms of efficient string storage, fast prefix-based searches, predictable time complexity, and simplified implementation compared to binary search trees.

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List the types of local resource that are vulnerable to an
attack by an untrusted program that is downloaded from a remote
site and run in a local computer.

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When an untrusted program is downloaded from a remote site and run on a local computer, local resources become vulnerable to an attack. The types of local resources that are vulnerable to an attack by an untrusted program are discussed below:

1. File System: Untrusted programs have the ability to gain access to files that are on a local computer's file system. They may be able to access, modify, or delete files as a result of their lack of trustworthiness.

2. Network Resources: An untrusted program can use the resources of a network without the user's permission. This can include the execution of unauthorized network activities or unauthorized access to network resources.

3. Local Services: Untrusted programs can compromise local services, causing them to fail, resulting in system instability or even a system crash.

4. System Configuration: Untrusted programs can modify system configuration settings, causing changes to system behavior that may negatively impact system stability or performance.

5. Registry: Untrusted programs can modify or delete system registry entries, which can cause system instability or even system crashes.

6. Hardware: Untrusted programs may have the ability to manipulate or damage hardware devices, including hard drives, printers, and other devices. This can result in system malfunctions or damage to the hardware itself.

In conclusion, it is important to be cautious when downloading programs from remote sites. Local resources can be easily compromised by untrusted programs, potentially resulting in system instability, data loss, or damage to hardware devices. It is recommended to only download and run programs from trusted sources to mitigate these risks.

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Need help with C program on linux to to modify a file by first inserting "This is the updated version." at the beginning of this file and then replacing all the occurrences of the string "examine" by
"run" in the file. NOTE: I do not want to use SED commands of linux ... it needs to be through C.

Answers

Make sure to replace "example.txt" with the actual name of your input file. This program opens the input file, creates a temporary file, and performs the required modifications. Finally, it renames the temporary file as the original file.

#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <string.h>

#define MAX_BUFFER_SIZE 1024

void updateFile(const char *filename, const char *insertText, const char *searchText, const char *replaceText) {

   // Open the input file

   FILE *inputFile = fopen(filename, "r");

   if (inputFile == NULL) {

       printf("Error opening file.\n");

       return;

   }

   // Create a temporary file to store the modified content

   FILE *tempFile = fopen("temp.txt", "w");

   if (tempFile == NULL) {

       printf("Error creating temporary file.\n");

       fclose(inputFile);

       return;

   }

   // Insert the text at the beginning of the file

   fprintf(tempFile, "%s", insertText);

   // Replace occurrences of the search text with the replace text

   char buffer[MAX_BUFFER_SIZE];

   while (fgets(buffer, MAX_BUFFER_SIZE, inputFile) != NULL) {

       char *position = strstr(buffer, searchText);

       while (position != NULL) {

           // Write the content before the occurrence

           fwrite(buffer, sizeof(char), position - buffer, tempFile);

           // Write the replacement text

           fprintf(tempFile, "%s", replaceText);

           // Move the position after the occurrence

           position += strlen(searchText);

           // Find the next occurrence

           position = strstr(position, searchText);

       }

       // Write the remaining content

       fprintf(tempFile, "%s", position);

   }

   // Close the files

   fclose(inputFile);

   fclose(tempFile);

   // Rename the temporary file as the original file

   if (rename("temp.txt", filename) != 0) {

       printf("Error renaming file.\n");

   }

}

int main() {

   const char *filename = "example.txt";

   const char *insertText = "This is the updated version.\n";

   const char *searchText = "examine";

   const char *replaceText = "run";

   updateFile(filename, insertText, searchText, replaceText);

   printf("File updated successfully.\n");

   return 0;

}

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solve it with python code please
1) Write a program that creates and manages a B tree of order 5. The program must implement the following operations: creation, insertion, deletion and print tree. The program should present a menu wh

Answers

Here's an example program in C++ that creates and manages a B-tree of order 5:

#include <iostream>

#include <fstream>

const int ORDER = 5;

class BTreeNode {

   // Node implementation

};

class BTree {

   // B-tree implementation

};

int main() {

   // Create a B-tree object

   BTree tree;

   // Read input from file

   std::ifstream inputFile("input.txt");

   int key;

   while (inputFile >> key) {

       tree.insert(key);

   }

   inputFile.close();

   int choice;

   do {

       // Display menu options

       std::cout << "B-Tree Menu:" << std::endl;

       std::cout << "1. Insert key" << std::endl;

       std::cout << "2. Delete key" << std::endl;

       std::cout << "3. Print tree" << std::endl;

       std::cout << "4. Exit" << std::endl;

       std::cout << "Enter your choice: ";

       std::cin >> choice;

       switch (choice) {

           // Menu options implementation

       }

   } while (choice != 4);

   // Write output to file

   std::ofstream outputFile("output.txt");

   outputFile << "B-Tree:";

   tree.printTree(outputFile);

   outputFile << std::endl;

   outputFile.close();

   return 0;

}

It implements the operations of creation, insertion, deletion, and printing the tree. The program includes a menu where the user can choose from the available options. It also reads input from a file and writes output to a file. I have added comments to explain the code.

This is a shorter version. Please note that the shortened version may lack some of the specific implementation details present in the previous response. However, it provides the basic structure of the program with a menu, file input/output, and the necessary class and function placeholders for the B-tree operations.


The complete question:

Write a program that creates and manages a B tree of order 5. The program must implement the following operations: creation, insertion, deletion and print tree. The program should present a menu where user may choose from implemented options.

Input: C N G A H E K Q M F W L T Z D P R X Y S

Note: for deletion, user must input which item he wants to delete The program must read/write input from/to file and write it with explain comment and in c++

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N 3.15 Problems Solutions to odd-numbered problems are located at the back of this book. Solutions to all problems are available to professors. If you are a professor, visit the book's companion website at support.sas.com/cody for information about how to obtain the solutions to all problems. 1. You have a text file called scores.txt containing information on gender (M or F) and four test scores (English, history, math, and science). Each data value is separated from the others by one or more blanks. Here is a listing of the data file scores.txt: M 80 82 85 88 F 94 92 88 96 M 96 88 89 92 F 95 92 92 a. Write a DATA step to read in these values. Choose your own variable names. Be sure that the value for Gender is stored in 1 byte and that the four test scores are numeric. b. Include an assignment statement computing the average of the four test scores. Write the appropriate PROC PRINT statements to list the contents of this data set. C. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Do not distribute. Copyright © 2018, SAS Institute Inc.. Cary, North Carolina, USA.

Answers

a. The DATA step reads the values from the text file scores.txt into variables with appropriate names and formats. The Gender variable is stored as 1 byte character, and the four test scores are stored as numeric variables.

b. An assignment statement calculates the average of the four test scores by summing them up and dividing by 4. PROC PRINT is used to list the contents of the data set, displaying the values of Gender, the four test scores, and the calculated average.

Conclusion: To read the values from the scores.txt file and store them in variables, a DATA step is used with appropriate variable names and formats. The average of the test scores is calculated using an assignment statement, and PROC PRINT is used to display the dataset with the variable values.

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Car Parking System
in project mangmant

Answers

Car parking system is an essential aspect of project management. It involves designing and implementing a system that can efficiently and effectively manage the flow of vehicles in a parking lot.

Below are some of the terms related to car parking system in project management:1. Parking space utilization: This refers to how well a parking space is used. In project management, the goal is to ensure that every available space is utilized efficiently to maximize the number of cars that can be parked in a given space.2. Traffic flow: This refers to how traffic moves in a parking lot. In project management, the goal is to ensure that traffic flows smoothly to avoid congestion and accidents.3. Safety: Safety is a critical aspect of a car parking system.

In project management, the goal is to ensure that the parking lot is safe for both the vehicles and the people using it.4. Security: Security is another essential aspect of a car parking system. In project management, the goal is to ensure that the parking lot is secure to prevent theft and vandalism.5. Technology: In modern times, car parking systems are becoming increasingly automated. In project management, the goal is to implement technology that can improve efficiency, accuracy and reduce costs in managing the parking lot.

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1. Discuss what data science is and provide a specific example of how it is applied in the field of cyber security. 2. Identify and describe the 5 processes of the Data Science Life Cycle (DSLC). For each process, identify and describe the key aspects associated with it. 3. Identify important Excel functions that are important for data analysis and explain the data analytics application of each. Discuss the relevance of Excel applications for Big Data Analytics. 4. Discuss the importance of data visualization with respect to big data analytics. Describe the differences in data visualization approaches for security analysts versus stakeholders out of field. Pro ide a specific example of data visualization used within the field of cyber security to support your response.

Answers

1. Data science is a field that involves extracting insights and knowledge from large and complex datasets using various statistical, mathematical, and programming techniques. In the field of cyber security, data science is applied to analyze and detect patterns in network traffic, identify potential threats, and develop predictive models for risk assessment.

1. Data science is the interdisciplinary field that combines elements of statistics, mathematics, computer science, and domain expertise to extract meaningful insights and knowledge from data. In the field of cyber security, data science plays a crucial role in analyzing large volumes of network traffic data to identify anomalies, detect potential security breaches, and develop predictive models to mitigate risks.

2. The Data Science Life Cycle (DSLC) consists of five processes:

  a. Data Discovery: In this process, data scientists identify and acquire relevant data sources for analysis. They explore the data to understand its structure, quality, and potential insights it may hold.

  b. Data Preparation: This involves cleaning and preprocessing the data, dealing with missing values, removing outliers, and transforming the data into a suitable format for analysis. It also includes feature engineering, where new features are created from existing data to enhance the predictive power of models.

  c. Data Modeling: This process involves selecting appropriate algorithms and techniques to build predictive models. It includes training, validation, and evaluation of models to identify the most accurate and robust solution for the given problem.

  d. Data Evaluation: In this step, data scientists assess the performance of the models and evaluate their effectiveness in addressing the problem at hand. They analyze metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score to measure the model's performance.

  e. Deployment and Communication: Once the models are developed and validated, they are deployed in a production environment to provide actionable insights and support decision-making. The findings and results are communicated to stakeholders using data visualizations and reports.

3. Excel functions that are important for data analysis include SUM, AVERAGE, COUNT, MAX, MIN, and VLOOKUP. These functions allow for basic calculations, data aggregation, and data manipulation. For example, the SUM function can be used to calculate the total revenue from a sales dataset, while the AVERAGE function can compute the average customer satisfaction rating.

Excel's relevance in big data analytics has diminished as larger datasets require more advanced tools like Python, R, or SQL for efficient processing and analysis. However, Excel still has utility for small to medium-sized datasets, quick ad-hoc analysis, and basic calculations. Additionally, Excel's user-friendly interface and familiarity make it accessible to non-technical users who may not have programming skills.

4. Data visualization is crucial in big data analytics as it allows for effective communication and understanding of complex data patterns and trends. For security analysts, data visualization provides a visual representation of network traffic, system logs, and potential threats. It helps identify patterns, anomalies, and visualize the relationships between different security events.

On the other hand, stakeholders outside the field of security may require different visualizations that focus on high-level insights and key performance indicators (KPIs). They may need summarized dashboards, charts, and graphs that provide an overview of security risks and the effectiveness of security measures.

A specific example of data visualization in cyber security is a network traffic heat map that displays the intensity of network activity across different IP addresses and ports. This visualization helps security analysts identify suspicious or malicious connections, pinpoint potential threats, and take appropriate actions to protect the network.

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Question 16 Which of the following applications will typically require a generative model as opposed to discriminative model? (you can choose multiple answers) Classifying spam messages Predicting if a scene (in an image/video) contains humans DA system that can create background images/scenes for video games A system that makes spam messages to deceive humans 3 pts

Answers

A generative model is a statistical model that is capable of generating new samples that have the same distribution as the training set. Discriminative models, on the other hand, model the decision boundary between classes.

Here are the applications that typically require a generative model as opposed to discriminative model:DA system that can create background images/scenes for video gamesMore than 250Discriminative models can only model the decision boundary between the classes. On the other hand, generative models can learn the distribution of the data of each class, which allows them to generate new data samples that are similar to the training set.

Since the creation of new data samples is required in applications like DA system that can create background images/scenes for video games, it makes more sense to use generative models.

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Python
Any balanced binary tree is a complete binary tree.
True or False
In a binary heap structure, insertion and deletion of a single element performs in O(n log n) time.
Truue or False
Deleting all elements consecutively in a binary min heap will obtain all elements in the min heap in ascending (least-to-greatest) order.
true or false
Searching for an element in any Binary Search Tree has a Big-O runtime of O(log n).
true or false

Answers

1. Any balanced binary tree is a complete binary tree. The statement is false. It is because, in a complete binary tree, every level must be filled except possibly the last level, which should have all keys as left as possible. However, in a balanced binary tree, all leaf nodes are at the same depth or the depth differs by one level. Hence, any balanced binary tree is not necessarily a complete binary tree.

2. In a binary heap structure, insertion and deletion of a single element performs in O(n log n) time. The statement is false. In a binary heap structure, insertion and deletion of a single element performs in O(log n) time. It is because binary heap is a complete binary tree, and insertion and deletion operations only require traversal from the root of the tree to the leaf nodes. Hence, the complexity of these operations is log n.

3. Deleting all elements consecutively in a binary min heap will obtain all elements in the min heap in ascending (least-to-greatest) order. The statement is true. It is because in a binary min heap, the root node is always the minimum element in the heap. Hence, when all elements are removed sequentially, starting from the root node, the resulting sequence will be in ascending order.

4. Searching for an element in any Binary Search Tree has a Big-O runtime of O(log n). The statement is true. It is because in a binary search tree, elements are arranged in a sorted order, and every node has a maximum of two children. Therefore, for any search operation, the search space reduces by half at every level of the tree. Hence, the time complexity of searching an element in a binary search tree is O(log n).

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You are a BI analyst tasked with implementing Tableau to analyze
Big Data to determine how a cybersecurity incident occurred. You
are asked to create requirements in the form of a presentation on
how

Answers

As a BI analyst tasked with implementing Tableau to analyze Big Data to determine how a cybersecurity incident occurred, the first step is to understand the business problem and define the requirements.


Slide 1: Introduction The introduction should provide a brief overview of the cybersecurity incident, including the impact and potential consequences of the attack. Slide 2: Data Sources Identify the data sources that will be used to analyze the cybersecurity incident. These may include network logs, firewall logs, application logs, server logs, and other sources.

Slide 3: Data Cleaning and Preparation Describe the process for cleaning and preparing the data for analysis. This may include removing duplicates, filling in missing values, and standardizing the data format. Slide 4: Data Modeling
Explain how the data will be modeled in Tableau to identify patterns and relationships in the data. This may include creating custom calculations, building data hierarchies, and creating data blends.

Slide 5: Data Visualization Demonstrate how the data will be visualized in Tableau to identify trends and patterns in the data. This may include creating custom dashboards, using interactive features, and adding filters and parameters. Slide 6: Analysis and Insights Present the findings from the analysis and identify the root cause of the cybersecurity incident. This may include identifying the source of the attack, the vulnerability that was exploited, and the impact of the attack on the organization.

Slide 7: Conclusion Summarize the findings and provide recommendations for preventing future cybersecurity incidents. This may include recommendations for improving security protocols, implementing new technology solutions, and increasing security awareness training for employees. Slide 8: References Provide a list of references used to develop the requirements and complete the analysis. This may include research papers, whitepapers, and other sources of information.

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3. Given the following 8 words. You need to design a ROM which can store these 8 words. Show the detailed sketch. 1001 0010 1101 0111 1010 1111 0101 1000 Write down the equations for all four output l

Answers

To design a ROM which can store 8 words in it and write down the equations for all four output l, refer to the following steps below:

The given 8 words are 1001, 0010, 1101, 0111, 1010, 1111, 0101, 1000.

Each of these words is made up of 4-bits that is stored in 8-addressable cells.

So, we need a 4x8 ROM for storing all the 8 words given above.

So, the following is the detailed sketch of the 4x8 ROM:

The output of the 4x8 ROM is a 4-bit word.

Hence, the output will have 4 output lines labeled D0, D1, D2, D3.

Each output line has its own respective output equation.

The equations for all the four output lines of the 4x8 ROM are given below:

Output D0: D0 = I3' I2' I1 I0' + I3 I2' I1 I0 + I3 I2 I1' I0' + I3 I2 I1 I0

Output D1: D1 = I3' I2' I1' I0' + I3 I2 I1 I0

Output D2: D2 = I3' I2 I1' I0' + I3' I2' I1 I0 + I3 I2' I1 I0' + I3 I2 I1' I0

Output D3: D3 = I3 I2' I1' I0 + I3' I2' I1' I0' + I3' I2 I1 I0' + I3 I2 I1' I0'

Now, we have the equations for all the four output lines of the 4x8 ROM.

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Write a shell script and it will output a list of Fibonacci numbers (each number is the sum of the two preceding ones). It will display the first 10 Fibonacci numbers which should be like as follows: 0112358 13 21 31

Answers

According to the question When you run this script, it will display the first 10 Fibonacci numbers as follows:

0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34

Here's a shell script that outputs the first 10 Fibonacci numbers:

```bash

#!/bin/bash

fibonacci() {

   a=0

   b=1

   echo -n "0 1 "

   for ((i=3; i<=10; i++))

   do

       sum=$((a + b))

       echo -n "$sum "

       a=$b

       b=$sum

   done

   echo

}

fibonacci

```

When you run this script, it will display the first 10 Fibonacci numbers as follows:

0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34

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Create a new C# Console Application with the following requirements 1. Create a class definition to support a Car entity with (ID, Model, color, Price, Make, license Plate) 2. Create two different object instantiation for two cars 3. fill the car data with your own choice 4. display car information as the output

Answers

Here's a C# Console Application that meets your requirements:

The Program

using System;

class Car

{

   public int ID { get; set; }

   public string Model { get; set; }

   public string Color { get; set; }

   public decimal Price { get; set; }

   public string Make { get; set; }

   public string LicensePlate { get; set; }

}

class Program

{

   static void Main()

   {

       Car car1 = new Car()

       {

           ID = 1,

           Model = "Tesla Model S",

           Color = "Red",

           Price = 75000,

           Make = "Tesla",

           LicensePlate = "ABC123"

       };

       Car car2 = new Car()

       {

           ID = 2,

           Model = "BMW 3 Series",

           Color = "Black",

           Price = 50000,

           Make = "BMW",

           LicensePlate = "XYZ789"

       };

      Console.WriteLine("Car 1:");

       DisplayCarInformation(car1);

       Console.WriteLine("\nCar 2:");

       DisplayCarInformation(car2);

   }

   static void DisplayCarInformation(Car car)

   {

       Console.WriteLine($"ID: {car.ID}");

       Console.WriteLine($"Model: {car.Model}");

       Console.WriteLine($"Color: {car.Color}");

       Console.WriteLine($"Price: {car.Price:C}");

      Console.WriteLine($"Make: {car.Make}");

       Console.WriteLine($"License Plate: {car.LicensePlate}");

   }

}

This program defines a Car class with the specified properties. It creates two car objects, fills them with data of your choice, and then displays the car information using the DisplayCarInformation method.

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With a 6 bit binary number, how many possible hex groups (groups
of 16 possible binary numbers) can we have?
4
16
8
2

Answers

With a 6-bit binary number, we have 2^6 (2 raised to the power of 6) possible binary combinations. Each bit can have two possible values, 0 or 1. Therefore, the total number of possible combinations is 64 (2^6 = 64).

To determine the number of possible hex groups, we need to consider that each hexadecimal digit represents four binary bits. In other words, one hexadecimal digit can represent values from 0000 to 1111 in binary.

Since each hex group consists of four binary bits, we can divide the total number of bits (6 bits) by 4 to determine the number of hex groups.

6 bits / 4 bits per hex group = 1.5 hex groups

However, since we cannot have a fraction of a hex group, we need to round up to the nearest whole number. Therefore, with a 6-bit binary number, we can have a maximum of 2 hex groups.

Therefore, the correct answer is:

2 hex groups.

Each hex group can represent a value from 0 to F (0-15 in decimal), resulting in a total of 16 possible values (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F). However, the question specifically asks for the number of possible hex groups, not the total number of possible values within those groups.

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You have been assigned as a consultant for a new network design at the Zenix company. The requirements of this design are summarized as follows: · The building has seven floors · There are 350 user workstations and 10 servers. · Users must be grouped according to the projects they’re working on and users for each project are located on all seven floors. · There must be fault tolerance for communication between the floors. · The company leased another building across the street. The owner is concerned about how to connect to the building across the street, your manager thinks the cost of contracting with a communication provider is too expensive for such a short distance. How are you going to separate groups in this LAN? What features are you looking for on the switches in your design?. Do you need any other devices in this design? What is the topology for this network design What cost-effective solution can you suggest for connecting the building across the street with the existing building?

Answers

By implementing VLANs, utilizing switches with the required features, incorporating necessary devices, and employing a suitable network topology along with a cost-effective wireless bridge, Zenix company can achieve the desired network design while meeting the requirements and ensuring fault tolerance and efficient communication between floors and buildings.

To separate groups in the LAN and meet the requirements for the network design at Zenix company, the following approach can be taken:

VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks): Configure VLANs to separate users based on the projects they're working on. Assign each VLAN to the respective floors, allowing users from each project to be located on all seven floors while maintaining logical separation.

Switch Features: The switches in the design should have the following features:

VLAN support: The switches should support VLAN configuration and tagging to enable the logical separation of users.

Quality of Service (QoS): QoS features allow for prioritization of network traffic, ensuring that critical applications and services receive appropriate bandwidth and minimizing latency.

Port Mirroring: Port mirroring facilitates network monitoring and troubleshooting by allowing the traffic of specific ports or VLANs to be mirrored to a monitoring device or software.

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP): STP provides loop prevention and redundancy in the network by dynamically blocking redundant paths.

Additional Devices: Depending on the scale and requirements of the network, other devices that may be needed include:

Router: A router can be used for inter-VLAN routing to enable communication between different VLANs while maintaining security and logical separation.

Firewall: Implementing a firewall provides security measures to protect the network from unauthorized access and external threats.

Wireless Access Points (WAPs): If wireless connectivity is required, deploying WAPs throughout the building ensures seamless wireless network access for users.

Network Topology: A hierarchical topology, such as a hierarchical star or tree topology, would be suitable for this network design. It provides scalability, fault tolerance, and easier management.

Cost-Effective Solution for Connecting Buildings: Instead of contracting with a communication provider for a short distance between the buildings, a cost-effective solution could be to establish a point-to-point wireless bridge. This can be achieved by deploying wireless bridges or wireless mesh network devices across the street to connect the two buildings wirelessly, eliminating the need for expensive physical cabling.

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Need help with creating a 'drawing' using the given character sets to represent the directions which are available from the current location.
private static final String[] INACTIVE_SYMBOLS = { " ", "╴", "╷", "┐", "╶", "─", "┌", "┬", "╵", "┘", "│", "┤", "└", "┴", "├", "┼" };
private static final String[] ACTIVE_SYMBOLS = { " ", "╸", "╻", "┓", "╺", "━", "┏", "┳", "╹", "┛", "┃", "┫", "┗", "┻", "┣", "╋" };
A method called mapRepresentation that takes no parameters and returns a "drawing" of the current location using the character sets given in the supplied ACTIVE_SYMBOLS and INACTIVE_SYMBOLS arrays. The representation return should have a line heading in each available direction (where "north" is up). Whether the ACTIVE or INACTIVE symbol is used depends on the togglePlayerHere method. For example, if the player is not here (see below) and there are paths to the north and west, the String "┘" should be returned.
A method called togglePlayerHere which takes no parameters and changes the state of whether the player is here or not. You will need to keep track of this internal in some manner, and at creation of the object, the player is not here. If the player is not here, the INACTIVE_SYMBOLS are used in mapRepresentation, if the player is here, the
ACTIVE_SYMBOLS are used instead.
This is a draft of the code I have written:
public String mapRepresentation() {
int mappedIndex = //???
if (isPlayerHere) {
return ACTIVE_SYMBOLS[mappedIndex];
}
return INACTIVE_SYMBOLS[mappedIndex];
}
public void togglePlayerHere() {
isPlayerHere = !isPlayerHere; //isPlayerHere is initialised as private boolean and is set to equal false earlier in my code
}
Basically I need help with the mappedIndex. Since the total number of directions we can go is 4(N, E, S, W), they can be represented as 4 bits. Total 16 combinations are possible with 4 bits and there are exactly 16 symbols to represent them. Need help with getting the corresponding symbol and organize the symbols in array according to the value it corresponds to.

Answers

In order to get the corresponding symbol and organize the symbols in array according to the value it corresponds to, you can create a method that will return the index of the symbols array based on the binary code that represents the available directions from the current location.

The method can be named `getMappedIndex()`.Here's the implementation of the `getMappedIndex()` method:private int getMappedIndex() {int binaryCode = 0;if (hasPath(Direction.NORTH)) {binaryCode |= 0b1000;}if (hasPath(Direction.EAST)) {binaryCode |= 0b0100;}if (hasPath(Direction.SOUTH)) {binaryCode |= 0b0010;}if (hasPath(Direction.WEST)) {binaryCode |= 0b0001;}return binaryCode;}In this method, we first initialize the binaryCode to 0. Then, we check if there is a path available in each of the four directions (north, east, south, west) using the `hasPath()` method which will return true if there is a path in that direction.

If there is a path, we set the corresponding bit of the binaryCode to 1 using bitwise OR (|) operation. Finally, we return the binaryCode which will be the index of the symbols array based on the available directions.Now, you can update the `map Representation()` method to use the `getMappedIndex()` method to get the index of the symbols array based on the available directions. Here's the updated `mapRepresentation()` method:public String mapRepresentation() {int mappedIndex = getMappedIndex();if (isPlayerHere) {return ACTIVE_SYMBOLS[mappedIndex];}return

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Choose the false claim about constructors in Java. Unless otherwise specified, a subclass constructor implicitly invokes super) The empty constructor is always synthesized, no matter what The constructor method must be named exactly the same as the class itself. Constructors can be private

Answers

False: The claim that constructors must be named exactly the same as the class itself in Java.

Which claim about constructors in Java is false?

The false claim about constructors in Java is that the constructor method must be named exactly the same as the class itself.

In Java, the constructor has the same name as the class, but it does not have a return type, not even void.

However, the naming of the constructor must match the class name exactly, including the case.

Other claims are true: unless specified, a subclass constructor implicitly invokes the super class constructor, an empty constructor is synthesized if no constructors are defined, and constructors can be declared with private access modifiers to restrict their visibility.

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Can
KNN be used for feature matching in computer vision? If so, please
explain how this works.

Answers

Yes, KNN can be used for feature matching in computer vision. In fact, KNN is one of the most popular algorithms used for feature matching. The reason behind its popularity is its simplicity and high accuracy.

Matching is the process of finding corresponding features between two or more images. These corresponding features can be used for various applications such as object recognition, image stitching, and image registration.

To find corresponding features, we need to extract a set of features from each image. These features are known as keypoints.How does KNN work for Feature Matching is a machine learning algorithm that is used for classification and regression. In the context of feature matching, we use KNN to find the best match for each KeyPoint in an image.

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Consider a system with closed-loop characteristic equation: s^3+8*s^2 +15*s+K=0 Where K is a variable feedback gain. What is the maximum value of K before this system becomes unstable? Please give your answer as a numerical integer only a rectangular area that can contain a document, program, or message is called amultiple choiceframe.dialog box.form.window. 10. You are working in a computer forensic lap. This position requires no programming, but you must use other investigative skills. The main function has called another function. The currently executing function is not "main". What is the adb command that will show the address of the next instruction to execute when the current function reaches its one return statement? Don't jump immediately to the blank answer. You can figure this out. It is not that hard. Post COVID-19: What's next for digital transformation? When Covid-19 struck, it forced societal changes around the globe. 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Take a look at it first so you will know the syntax for the method names in the class definition you write. Yours will have to be the same.1 from Product import Product 2 name 'Apple' 3 price = 0.40 4 num = 3 5 p = Product(name, price, num) 6 7 # Test 1 - Are instance attributes set/returned properly? 8 print('Name:', p.get_code()) 9 print('Price: {:.2f}'.format(p.get_price())) 10 print('Count:', p.get_count()) 11 12 13 # Test 2 Do setters work properly? 14 name 'Golden Delicious' 15 p.set_code(name) = 16 price = 0.55 17 p.set_price(price) 18 num = 4 19 p.set_count(num) 20 p.display = Test the following series for convergence or divergence. a. n=1[infinity]n4+4n3 b. n=1[infinity]33n4+11 n=1[infinity]2n+3(1)nn n=1[infinity]n!n100100n n=2[infinity](ln(n)n)n The principles of primary health care are accessibility, public participation, health promotion, appropriate technology and intersectoral cooperation.Accessibility means that the five types of health care are universally available to all clients regardless of geographic location.In your experience with healthcare, do you think all 5 of these principles work? A 0.19 kg horizontal beam has length L=1.1 m. It is supported by a fulcrum atd=0.50 m from the left end. A 0.15 kg mass ml is suspended at xl=0.25 m fromthe bar's left end. Another mass mr is suspended at xr=0.65 m from the bar's leftend. The system is in equilibrium. How heavy in kg is the mass mr on the rightside?Hint: the bar's gravity has a torque if it is not supported by the fulcrum at exactlyhalf way. rite a c program that include if statement, switch and ternary operator statements. This is where you send me your (three, unique selection) example program. One program, 3 examples .if . switch . ternary operator Your program should compile and execute w/no warnings or errors A. A bank charges $10 per month plus the following check fees for a commercial checking account: $.10 each for fewer than 20 checks $.08 each for 20-39 checks $.06 each for 40-59 checks $.04 each for 60 or more checks Write a program in C++ that asks for the number of checks written during the past month, then computes and displays the bank's fees for the month. Input Validation: Decide how the program should handle an input of less than 0. B. A particular employee earns $39,000 annually. Write a program that determines and displays what the amount of his gross pay will be for each pay period if he is paid twice a month (24 pay checks per year) and if he is paid bi-weekly (26 checks per year). C. Kathryn bought 750 shares of stock at a price of $35.00 per share. A year later she sold them for just $31.15 per share. Write a program that calculates and displays the following: The total amount paid for the stock. The total amount received from selling the stock. The total amount of money she lost. There are 4 ways the body organizes proteins into shapes and these shapes determine function. The 4 organizations are: (please name them in order of complexity) Low quality proteins simply mean that a protein source is lacking in amino acids. Protein has many functions in the body. Name one Main Memory is where all the data is 2 points stored after shutting down the computer False True If x= 2 * 3^(2+4/2)/2 then the 2 points value of x is Your answer Errors that detected by smart editors 2 points are called Syntax Errors Logicl Errors Run-Time Errors O Smart Errors Scenario 1 Potential Requirements QuestionsYou are given the following requirements for a brand-new application. What questions do you have, if any?1.0 Login1.1 Only registered users can log in to the application1.2 Accounts become locked after 90 days of zero activity1.2.1 Can be unlocked by system admin1.3 Security questions will display after entry of valid username & password combo if machine is not recognized1.4 - To be able to log in, a registered user must enter a valid username & password combination1.4.1 Error message will display if nonregistered username is entered1.4.2 Error message will display if password is incorrect2.0 Forgot Username2.1 User will have the ability to self-service reset Username3.0 Forgot Password3.1 User will have the ability to self-service reset PasswordExample:1) How do I know if a user is registered?Instructions: Enter your answer in the field below as a numbered list like the example above - Note: Do not use the example This field is a rich text field that will contain as much text as necessary to complete your answer. You can also add formatting such as Bullets, Numbers, Italics, etc.Scenario #1 AnswerType Answer Here