Scientists have noticed that the entire DNA molecule has the same width, despite the fact that the four nucleotides are NOT the same width Now that you’ve created a model, explain why this makes sense (hint: it has to do with the number of rings for each nitrogen base)
Answers
I don't have access to your model, although I'm sure it's beautiful. Fortunately, this question can be answered without one.
A strand of DNA is a polymer consisting of monomeric nucleotide units. The nucleotides that are found in DNA are distinguished by their nucleobases: adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C). Each nucleotide in DNA is made up of a single nucleobase, a sugar (deoxyribose), and a phosphate group. These nucleotides form extremely long chains comprising phosphate-sugar linkages (covalent, phosphodiester bonds).
In native, double-stranded DNA, you have of these chains (or strands) arranged side-by-side such that the nucleobases on one chain are faced directly across corresponding nucleobases on the other chain, which enables hydrogen bonding between the bases.
There is a "rule" regarding which bases form hydrogen bonds with one another (Chargaff's rule): adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine.
What does this have to do with the width of the DNA molecule?
The four nucleotides can be structurally classified into two categories: pyrimidines and purines. For our purposes, we only need to know that pyrimidines are six-membered rings and purines are a fusion of a six- and five-membered ring (basically, purines are pyrimidines attached to a five-membered ring). Thymine and cytosine are pyrimidines, and adenine and guanine are purines.
So, geometrically, adenine and guanine are larger (and, thus, "wider") than thymine and cytosine since adenine and guanine contain an extra ring. But remember our base-pairing rules: In native DNA, adenine (two rings) on one strand pairs up with thymine (one ring) on the other strand, and guanine (two rings) pairs up with cytosine (one ring) on the other strand.
Because there's a 1:1 ratio between A:T and G:C in double-stranded DNA, the DNA molecule consists of complementary base pairs that, in any given composition of, has equivalent widths. Put simply, the A=T pair has the same width as a G≡C pair because both base pairs are between one pyrimidine and one purine.
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is composed of four nucleotides, namely, adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine.
Adenine and guanine are purines while Cytosine and thymine are pyrimidines.Purines are composed of two rings while pyrimidines are composed of only one ring.Purine forms bond with pyrimidine, i.e Adenine binds with thymine and guanine binds with cytosine.Adenine and thymine form two hydrogen bonds while guanine and cytosine form three hydrogen bonds.Thus, the relative pairing of the purine and pyrimidine with each other keeps the width of the DNA constant.
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Related Questions
2. What is the name of the moist "ball" of saliva and food that results from the start of digestion in the mouth?
A. epiglottis
B. Ochyme
C. bolus
D. bile
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How important do you think technology is to agriculture? Why is it important that the agriculture industry stay current and evolve with technology? 5 sentences
Answers
Answer with Explanation:
Here's an example answer with 5 sentences.
Technology is very important to agriculture. It allows a higher crop yield and lowers the quantity of water, fertilizer and pesticides being used. The agriculture industry should stay current and evolve with technology in order to ensure a more efficient way of farming with lesser impact on the environment. This also ensures a safer growing condition for animals and plants, thereby affecting the quality of food that people eat. This makes agricultural businesses more profitable while maintaining an eco-friendly society.
why is it important to know a person's rhesus Factor before a blood transfusion
A patient who is Rh+ can receive Rh- blood
A patient who is Rh- can receive Rh+ blood
A patient who is Rh+ can receive only RH+blood
A patient who is Rh- can receive only Rh- blood
Answers
Answer:
Rh negative can only receive Rh negative blood
Explanation:
When a person has Rh negative blood and receives a transfusion of Rh positive blood, the body does not recognize the antigen and attacks it as if it were an invader. This makes the person’s body essentially attack itself.
3. Which of the following plant adaptations give evidence that herbivores have caused (or have driven) evolution
in some plant species to protect themselves against being eaten? Select the best two answer choices
the ability to climb
O the production of toxic chemicals
thors
mechanisms for seed dispersal
© sweet fruits
brightly-colored flowers
Answers
Answer:
The production of toxic chemicals
Thorns
Explanation:
The fact that imprinting is most certain to occur if the opportunity for imprinting is presented to the organism at a very specific age indicates the existence of
Answers
Answer:
a critical period
Explanation:
In developmental psychology and developmental biology, a critical period is a maturational stage in the lifespan of an organism during which the nervous system is especially sensitive to certain environmental stimuli(Wikipedia). It is a time during early postnatal life when the development and maturation of functional properties of the brain, its 'plasticity', is strongly dependent on experience or environmental influences(Sengpiel, 2007).
The fact that imprinting is most certain to occur if the opportunity for imprinting is presented to the organism at a very specific age indicates the existence of a critical period in the life of organisms.
5. EASY WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST
Ryan puts a beaker of ice and water on a hot plate, and the ice slowly
begins to melt as shown in the figure below. After a few minutes, only liquid
water is in the beaker. Eventually, the water becomes hot and boils. The
liquid water changes to water vapor. In what way is the liquid water
different from the water vapor? *
OO
The liquid particles move slower.
The liquid has a higher boiling point.
The vapor has a lower temperature.
The vapor particles have less energy.
lo
Answers
Asap
In the future, do you think Earth’s continents will form another Pangea? How will the current 7 continents be arranged relative to each other?
Answers
Answer:
Yes I think that the continents will form another Pangea because the tectonic plates are always moving so in a million years it probably will make another Pangea. (It is just like a puzzle if you do a puzzle that you take the puzzle apart the puzzle pieces still fit together). HOPE THIS HELPS
Please mark me as brainlyest because I have never got it before and I help you
Does air have mass?
DON'T LOOK IT UP!!! USE YOUR OWN WORDS!!!
Answers
Answer:
Yes.
Explanation:
All matter has mass. Air is a gas and gas is matter so air does have mass.
please help me i dont understand
Answers
Answer:
the major source is moving water. option 3
Answer:
3
Explanation:
Moving water from the lake is turning the turbine making the generator produce electricity.
If an organism converts energy in the environment into food, what is the ecological role
of the organism?
Answers
Answer:
I'm guessing that's a decomposer.
Explanation:
Decomposers like mushrooms use dead animals, plants, and nutrients in their environment to make their own food.
Compact Bone is hard and dense but, it is not solid. It is filled with holes and has small canals for blood vessels and nerves.
True
or
not?
Answers
The compact bone is hard and dense, but it is not solid; it is filled with holes and has small canals for blood vessels and nerves, which is a true fact as the compact bone is one of the dense bones present in the body.
What is the significance of compact bone?Compact bone is a dense, hard bone tissue that provides structural support and protection to the body, and it is also involved in the storage of minerals, such as calcium, which is important for the strength and density of bones. Haversian canals are present in the compact bone and contain blood vessels, nerves, and other tissues that support the bone.
Hence, compact bone is hard and dense, but it is not solid; it is filled with holes and has small canals for blood vessels and nerves, which is a true fact as the compact bone is one of the dense bones present in the body.
Learn more about the significance of compact bone here.
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Explain why John converted change in mass to percentage change in mass.
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
The difference in mass does not deal with the proportional aspect of the solutions, making the results less accurate. The percent was calculated to give an exact difference, along with considering the quantities of solution.
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The movement from cell to cell is by a process called
Answers
Answer:
Water, carbon dioxide, and oxygen are among the few simple molecules that can cross the cell membrane by diffusion (or a type of diffusion known as osmosis ). Diffusion is one principle method of movement of substances within cells, as well as the method for essential small molecules to cross the cell membrane.
Explanation:
Answer:
Osmosis or diffusion.
Osmosis if the movement is of water, and diffusion if gases
What was the amazing find by Phillip Gingrich and his team?
Answers
Answer:
in 1978, he discovered a 52-million-year-old skull in Pakistan that resembled fossils of creodonts
When he seen that his team uncovered some pelvic bones in 1977
What are similarities and differences between the structures of DNA and RNA?
Answers
Answer:
The similarities and differences between DNA and RNA are given as follows:
Explanation:
Similarities:
Both are made up of nucleotides
Nucleotides are made up of nitrogenous bases, a pentose sugar, and the phosphate backbone.
Both DNA and RNA have four nitrogenous bases each - two purines two pyrimidines
Purine binds with pyrimidines
Differences
DNA uses the nitrogenous bases adenine, cytosine, thymine, and guanine whereas RNA uses adenine, cytosine, uracil, and guanine. Uracil lacks a methyl group on its ring
RNA contains the sugar ribose that has an extra -OH while DNA contains the deoxyribose sugar that has H at the 2 carbon.
DNA is double-stranded while RNA is a single-stranded
Under alkaline conditions, DNA is stable while RNA is not stable.
Its a multiple choice about the food chain with now 3 choices please help
Answers
Answer:
a higher than normal population of snakes
Explanation:
I believe this is the correct answer as it is the highest, and it is shown to be rising. it also goes through the rabbit line if that makes any sense, haha. anyways, I hope this helps! :)
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Which cellular processes are directly controlled by the cell membrane? A. protein production, respiration , digestion of food molecules B. movement of materials, recognition or chemical messages, protection C. enzyme production, elimination of large molecules, duplication of DNA D. release of ATP molecules, regulation of cell production, food production
Answers
Answer:
The cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of cells and organelles. In this way, it is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules.
Explanation: I researched this so I hope this helps
The cellular process directly controlled by the cell membranes includes ( B ) :
Movement of materials, recognition or chemical messages, protectionThe cell membrane performs several cellular functions like protection and giving shape to the cell as in humans, also the cell signaling, adhesion and conductivity of ions in and out of the cell are part of the several functions of the cell membrane.
The cell membrane also serves as a point of attachment for extra cellular structures such as glycocalyx.
Therefore we can conclude that the cellular process directly controlled by the cell membranes include : Movement of materials, recognition or chemical messages, protection
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The Punnett square shows the results when two parent dogs are crossed. L represents the allele for a long tail, and l represents the allele for a short tail.
Which best describes this inheritance pattern?
A) incomplete dominance because neither allele for tail length is dominant
B) codominance because neither allele for tail length is dominant
C)incomplete dominance because the offspring display an intermediate form of tail length
D) codominance because the offspring display an intermediate form of tail length
Answers
Answer:
I think that the answer is D
Explanation:
i had this question before but i cant really remember when or what it was...
Answer:
D.
Explanation:
goodluck
aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of?
Answers
Answer:
Oxygen.
Explanation:
Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen.
7: Explain how dissolving sugar in water is different than dissolving salt. What
causes this?
Answers
Answer:
For a given solvent, some solutes have greater solubility than others. For example, sugar is much more soluble in water than is salt. But even sugar has an upper limit on how much can dissolve. I hope this helps!
Explanation:
If the offspring of a cross show a 9/16 to 3/16 to 3/16 to 1/16 ratio (9:3:3:1), the
оа
b
aaBb x aabb
aaBb x Aabb
AaBb xaaBB
AaBb x AaBb
C
d
Answers
Answer:
it should be,
AaBb × AaBb
Explanation:
where,
RY(round, yellow) and ry( wrinkled,green) which gives RrYy( round, yellow)...which is also called 1st filial generation ( F1)...when Mendel self hybridised the F1 plants he differentiate the plant in 9: 3: 3: 1...which is F2 generation.
PLEASE HELP BRAINLIEST. I'LL GIVE YOU 15 POINTS (science-8th grade)
Part 1: Which process does arrow F represent?
Part 2: Explain how matter is conserved during the process.
Part 3: Justify why this process is a recycling of carbon in the carbon cycle.
Use complete sentences to explain your answer.
Answers
Answer: Process F represents photosynthesis,
The AMOUNT of oxygen and carbon atoms released by photosynthesis are EXACTLY EQUAL to the atoms of these materials contained in carbon-dioxide converted.
this process recycles carbon by absorbing it from the air or soil to create oxygen and glucose
Explanation:
natural
combustion
photosynthesis
burning of
fossil fuels
animal
respiration
plant
respiration
Carbon Cycle
organic
carbon
decomposition
of organic waste
mineral carbon
nswered
Answers
Explanation:
hope this helps you I know every answer to fill in blanjs,they are all there.
If a rock has a mass of 42 grams and a volume of 6 ml, what is its density?
Answers
Steps:
m = V × ρ
= 6 milliliter × 42 gram/cubic meter
= 6.0E-6 cubic meter × 42 gram/cubic meter
= 0.000252 gram
= 2.52E-7 kilogram
3. Which of the following types of molecules is found in genetic material?
A.cellulose
B.enzymes
C.lipids
D.nucleic acid
Answers
Answer:
D. Nucleic acid
Explanation:
There are two types: DNA and RNA
DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid
RNA stands for ribonucleic acid
The genetic variation within a species:
gene pool or genetic diversity
I think it’s genetic diversity
Answers
Answer: genetic diversity
Explanation: it’s the differences in DNA segments or genes between individuals and each variation of a gene is called an allele
Can u plss help me, will give out the brainliest.
Answers
Identify the two main processes through which carbon is cycled between the
atmosphere and living things.
Identify the main places carbon is stored.
Answers
Answer:
Through the process of photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is pulled from the air to produce food made from carbon for plant growth. Carbon moves from plants to animals. Through food chains, the carbon that is in plants moves to the animals that eat them.
Explanation:
Please give thanks to all my answers and please mark as brilliant and please follow me
The effect on an organism or population of chemical exposure is called __________.
A)
natural hazard
B)
gene-environment interactions
C)
physiology
D)
dose response
E)
heredity
Answers
Why would combining cells that result from Mitosis not work for fertilization?
Pls pls answer I need help!
Answers
Answer:
Because cells that result from mitosis are diploid i.e. contain two sets of chromosomes.
Explanation:
Mitosis is a type of cell division that produces daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell. The chromosomal number of cells formed from mitosis remains the same as the parent cell. This means that if a parent is diploid (2n), the daughter cells from mitotic division will be diploid (2n).
However, for fertilization during sexual reproduction to occur, two haploid or half of the chromosome number of the parental organism must unite to form a whole diploid organism. In other words, two haploid cells (n + n) must come together in fertilization to give a diploid cell (2n). Hence, combining cells that result from mitosis would not work for fertilization because cells that result from mitosis are already diploid i.e. contain two sets of chromosomes.
