Scientists in the field of evo-devo have determined that evolutionary changes can be a result of changes in homeotic genes.
Homeotic genes are a class of genes that regulate how the body forms in the early stages of organism development. These genes produce proteins known as transcription factors that instruct cells to generate different body components.
In the hierarchy of genes governing the initial stages of embryonic development in Drosophila, homeotic genes play a key role. They are involved in defining the unique identities of each of the insect's bodily parts.
Evo-devo offers proof that significant morphological change is both feasible and not always necessitated by significant alterations in the DNA. Gilbert (2003) and Arthur (2004) have also argued that when teaching evolution, development should be taken into consideration.
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What is the protein recommendation associated with resistance training for younger adults to increase muscle protein synthesis?
Whey protein and milk are recommended for muscle protein synthesis in young adults during resistance training.
What is muscle protein synthesis?The metabolic process in which new amino acids are attached to the bound proteins of skeletal muscle is called muscle protein synthesis.
Whey protein is a great choice of consumption for muscle protein synthesis because it contains a high amount of leucine. Milk and dairy products are rich sources of whey protein.
Therefore, the consumption of whey supplements and milk is recommended for increasing muscle protein synthesis in young adults.
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Which group of non-prokaryotic organisms studied in microbiology typically have two life cycle stages: trophozoite and cyst?
Non-prokaryotic organisms typically have two life cycle stages: trophozoite and cyst is Protozoa.
What is Protozoa?Protozoa is a group of single celled, non- prokaryotic organisms.These may either be free living or parasitic in nature.These are heterotrophs and reproduce asexually by binary fission.The Protozoa consists of many unrelated or loosely related organisms.They are divided into four major groups: Sarcodina, Flagellates, Ciliates and Sporozoans..Some protozoa consist of two phases in their life cycle: proliferative stage (trophozoites) and resting stage (cysts).Trophozoites consists of the proliferative stage in which the protozoa divides and reproduces.The resting cyst form helps the protozoa to survive harsh environmental conditions like harmful chemicals, extreme temperature and nutrient and water deficiency.Learn more about protrozoa here:
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If your body composition is close to the recommended range, you should probably set a(n) ________ goal
If your body composition is close to the recommended range, you should probably set a(n) Lifestyle goal
The phrase "body composition" is frequently used by medical practitioners. It speaks to the proportions of bone, muscle, and fat in your body. To determine whether you are a healthy weight for your particular physique, doctors look at your body composition.
Based on their skeletal structure and body composition, people are born with a specific type of physique. The majority of people are certain mixtures of the ectomorph, mesomorph, and endomorph body types.
A body with a healthy body composition has a lower percentage of body fat and a larger percentage of fat-free mass. Even though your body needs some body fat to keep its organs functioning, having a lower body fat percentage generally indicates good health.
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Which line depicts the growth of a population of acidophiles in the vaginal tract?
A glycogen-rich vaginal milieu depicts the growth of a population of acidophiles in the vaginal tract.
An efficient initial line of defense against invading pathogens, such as bacterial vaginosis, aerobic vaginitis-associated bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, is provided by lactobacilli and their antibacterial and anti-inflammatory compounds combined with elements of the epithelial mucosal barrier. Eubiosis and the health of the vagina depend on a healthy host-microbe interaction.
The lactic acid and cytolysin generated by lactobacilli promote glycogen availability and the lysis of epithelial cells. Lactic acid makes the vaginal environment more acidic, which encourages the growth of Lactobacilli while preventing the formation of infection-related organisms.
The bacteria that inhabit the vagina are known as vaginal flora. Several lactobacillus species predominate in the normal vaginal flora. By creating lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and other compounds that stop the growth of yeast and other undesirable organisms, lactobacilli contribute to the vagina's overall health.
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If a client receiving parenteral nutrition develops eczema, the client is probably experiencing what defieciency?
The client is probably experiencing essential fatty acid deficiency.
What is fatty acid deficiency?A global scaly dermatitis made up of thicker, erythematous, and desquamating plaques is brought on by an essential fatty acid deficit. Long-term parenteral nutrition without lipid supplementation, extremely low-fat diets, anorexia nervosa, alcohol use disorder, cystic fibrosis, and nephrotic syndrome are a few factors that might contribute to fat malabsorption in the gastrointestinal tract.Eczema could be an indication of an essential fatty acid shortage in a patient receiving fat-free parenteral nutrition. Vitamin C deficiency symptoms, such as bleeding gums and the destruction of scar tissue, do not cause eczema. Eczema is not a symptom of inadequate protein-energy intake. Phospholipids and sterol are produced by the body, therefore deficiencies don't exist.Learn more about fatty acid here:
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How is information from a signal molecule present outside the cell elicits intracellular response? Explain with suitable example. What features are exhibited by signal transduction?
The information from a signal molecule present outside the cell elicits intercellular response when the G protein coupled receptors interact with the wide variety of molecules on the outer surface of the cells.
G Proteins are the specialized proteins having the ability to bind GTP and GDP and is of three units called Alpha, Beta and Gamma subunits which together formed G proteins.
When G protein is activated it will bind GTP and each receptor binds in lock and key method and binding result into conformational change which will trigger a complex chain of events influencing different cell function.
Features exhibited by Signal Transduction System are:
1. Specificity- Signal molecules fits binding site on its complementary receptor. Other signal do not fit
2. Amplification- When enzymes activates enzymes, the number of affected molecules increases.
3. Desensitization- Receptor activation triggers a feedback circuit that shuts off the receptor or removes it from the cell surface.
4. Integration - When two signals have opposite effects on a metabolic characteristics outcome results from the integrated input from both the receptor.
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Organisms become _______ in their responding as reinforcement becomes less frequent or predictable
Organisms become more variable in their responding as reinforcement becomes less frequent or predictable.
What are the factor influence the animal behavior ?Behavior is an output of the action of an organism towards its changing external environment.
The major environmental factors affect animal behavior are behaviors are Territory Size, Diet, Family & Herd Size.
Beside this, Reinforcement and punishment can also affect the animal behavior.
Reinforcement is the event which strengthens the likelihood of a behavior where as punishment is the event that weakens the likelihood of a behavior.
Hence, organism are more variable response to reinforcement.
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Select the correct answer. a cell has damaged dna. which checkpoint is responsible for checking this? a. m checkpoint b. g2 checkpoint c. g1 checkpoint
The answer is B: G2 checkpoint.
What is DNA?Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is an organic chemical that includes genetic information and education for protein synthesis. It is found in most cells of every organism. DNA is a key part of repetition in which genetic heredity appears through the demise of DNA from parent or parents to children.DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the genetic material in humans and nearly all other organisms. Nearly every cell in a person's body has the same DNA.DNA is made of chemical structure blocks called nucleotides. These building partnerships are made of three parts: a phosphate status, a sugar group, and one of four types of nitrogen bases. To form a strand of DNA, nucleotides are connected into chains, with the phosphate and sugar groups rotating.To learn more about DNA, refer to:
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Does the genetic message get altered when the information is conveyed intracellularly under normal conditions? Support your answer with an example
Genetic transmission is the mechanism that drive evolution.Asexually reproducing organisms reproducing organisms reproduce using mitosis, while the sexually reproducing organisms reproduce using meiosis.
Both these mechanisms are involved in duplication of DNA which then get passed to offspring and RNA is key component in the duplication of DNA. The genetic information heritable biological information coded in the nucleotide sequence of DNA or RNA.
Genetic material is includes genes and DNA which control the development , maintenance and reproduction of organisms. These messages is passed from generation to generation through inherited units of chemical information. It consist of only two transcription and translation they known as gene expression , during this process of transcription store in gene DNA is passed to similar molecule called RNA in nucleus.
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Which of the following statements correctly describes radiation coming from our sun to Earth?
Short wavelengths, low energy
Short wavelengths, high energy
Long wavelengths, low energy
Long wavelength, high energy
Long wavelengths with low energy are the radiation coming from our sun to Earth.
Describes radiation coming from our sun to Earth?All of the energy from the Sun that comes to the Earth is known as solar radiation. This is a part of a large amount of energy which is called the electromagnetic radiation spectrum. Solar radiation has visible light, ultraviolet light, infrared, radio waves, X-rays, and gamma rays. When the solar radiation comes to the earth, it has long wavelength with low energy.
So we can conclude that long wavelengths with low energy are the radiation coming from our sun to Earth.
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What relationship did boyle and joss-reid (2004) predict about sense of humor and illness symptoms?
The negative correlation relationship did boyle and joss-reid (2004) predict about sense of humor and illness symptoms.
A sample of 504 people divided into three groups was used to study the impact of sense of humour on health.
The following were the hypotheses:
1. Humor would be significantly connected with health after adjusting for other factors.
2. That the evaluation of the factor structure of the Multidimensional Sense of Humor Scale (MSHS) would support its construct validity in the Australian context.
3. That people with a greater sense of humour would report significantly higher levels of good health when compared to those with less humour.
Their findings supported the idea that a sense of humour is linked to health and also validated the MSHS instrument's validity and reliability.
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Although glycolysis produces four molecules of atp by substrate-level phosphorylation, the net gain of atp for the cell is two molecules. This is because?
Although glycolysis produces four molecules of atp by substrate-level phosphorylation, the net gain of atp for the cell is two molecules. This is because glycolysis is at first endergonic.
What is glycolysis?The metabolic process that turns glucose into pyruvic acid is known as glycolysis. The high-energy molecules adenosine triphosphate and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide are created using the free energy released during this process. A series of ten enzyme-catalyzed processes make up glycolysis.The process by which glucose is broken down to provide energy is known as glycolysis. It generates two pyruvate molecules, ATP, NADH, and water. There is no need for oxygen throughout the process, which occurs in the cytoplasm of a cell. Both aerobic and anaerobic creatures experience it.The initial process in breaking down glucose to release energy for cellular metabolism is called glycolysis. An energy-consuming phase and an energy-releasing phase make up glycolysis.
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Living in a tropical environment where one learns to orient oneself through a vertical landscape of tall trees and speckled light is part of:_______.
Living in a tropical environment where one learns to orient oneself through a vertical landscape of tall trees and speckled light is part of spatial orientation.
What is the rain forest zone?The tropical rain forest zone is the zone that is known to have a very high amount of rainfall for most of the year. The rain forest zone often has a lot of luxuriant trees that blossom all year round and serve as a breeding ground for many insects such as mosquitoes.
Most of the trees in the tropical rain forest zone are arranged in strata where the tallest trees often form a sort of canopy in the area thereby reducing the light that gets to the pants that are found below and keeping the area cool.
Hence, living in a tropical environment where one learns to orient oneself through a vertical landscape of tall trees and speckled light is part of spatial orientation.
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A man is said to have one personality trait that dominates his personality. allport would identify this personality trait as a ________ trait.
A man is said to have one personality trait that dominates his personality which Gordon Allport would identify this personality trait as a cardinal trait.
What is a cardinal trait?In physicology, a cardinal trait can be defined as any behavioral feature in an individual that is able to predominate over other traits.
Cardinal traits are fundamental to understanding the behavior of individuals in a society.
In conclusion, a man is said to have one personality trait that dominates his personality which Gordon Allport would identify this personality trait as a cardinal trait.
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Match the term to its description. (4 points) c 1. astronomical body a 2. comet b 3. galaxy d 4. moon a. an object in space b. a system of stars held by gravitational attraction c. a celestial object consisting of a nucleus of ice and a stream of gas and dust d. an astronomical body that orbits around a planet
Astronomical body - An object in space
Galaxy - A system of stars held by gravitational attraction
Comet - A celestial object consisting of a nucleus of ice and a stream of gas and dust
Moon - An astronomical body that orbits around a planet
What are different Astronomical bodies ?The astronomical bodies or the space bodies are the entities and the substances that are present in space. Some astronomical bodies are
Galaxy: It is the system of stars that are held together with the gravitational pull.Comet: These are the celestial bodies in space that are consist of ice, gas, and dust.Moon: It is the outer space body that revolves around the earth.Astronomical body: It is an object that is present in space.Learn more about Astronomical bodies here:
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In blood pressure readings, the ______ is the low point on a sphygmomanometer, when the ventricles relax.
The reading that is taken at the low point on a sphygmomanometer, when the ventricles relax is the diastolic pressure.
What is the blood pressure?The blood pressure refers to the measurement of the pressure with which the heart pumps blood. The instrument that is used to measure the blood pressure is called the sphygmomanometer.
There are two readings that are recorded in the blood pressure measurement. The reading that is taken at the low point on a sphygmomanometer, when the ventricles relax is the diastolic pressure.
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A. identify the organelle. mitochondria b. what process occurs in this organelle? cellular respiration c. what gas do the arrows represent? d. what is the relationship between oxygen and atp production
The identified organelle is mitochondria.
What is mitochondria?
Mitochondria was discovered by– Koll Iker (1880) in the muscle cells of insects, Altman called them as Bioplasts. Benda (1897), coined the term Mitochondria.Mitochondrion is a spherical or rod shaped cell organelle. It has two membranes. The outer membrane is smooth. The inner membrane produces finger like infoldings called cristae. The inner membrane has stalked particles called Recker's particles or F0 – F1 particles or Claude’s particle or ATP synthase complex. The mitochondrial cavity is filled with a homogenous granular mitochondrial matrix. The matrix has circular mitochondrial DNA, RNA, 70s ribosomes, proteins, enzymes and lipids. Mitochondria synthesise and store the energy rich molecules ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) during aerobic respiration. So, they are called “Power houses of the cell”.To learn more about mitochondria: https://brainly.com/question/15525799
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What is the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? In your answer use the terms nucleus, nucleoid, organelles, size, cytoskeleton, plasma membrane, cell wall, ribosomes, evolution.
Prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes in terms of cell complexity.
Differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotesProkaryotes refer to living organisms whose bodies are made from prokaryotic cells. Eukaryotes, on the other hand, are organisms made from eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes in the following ways:
Prokaryotes lack a nucleus while eukaryote organisms have one or more nuclei. The genetic materials of prokaryotes are arranged as nucleoids and lie freely within the cytoplasm.In terms of size, prokaryotic cells range from 0.1 to 5 micrometers. Eukaryotic cells range from 10 to 100 micrometers.Prokaryotic cells usually have cell walls. Some eukaryotic cells have cell walls, while some do not.The ribosome size of prokaryotes is around 20 nm while that of eukaryotes varies from 25 nm to 30 nm.In terms of evolutionary advancement, eukaryotes are more advanced than prokaryotes.More on prokaryotes and eukaryotes can be found here: https://brainly.com/question/4644590
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Which condition would a gynecologist treat?
a. cervical dysplasia
b. sickle cell anemia
c. vocal cord polyps, cancer
d. hyperthyroidism
e. cystitis
In a hardy-weinberg population, 16% of individuals display the homozygous recessive phenotype. What proportion of the population will be heterozygous carriers of the recessive allele?.
The proportion of the population will be heterozygous carriers of the recessive allele is 0.48.
What is Hardy-Weinberg principle?
Hardy-Weinberg principle says that allele frequencies in a population are stable and is constant from generation to generation. The gene pool (total genes and their alleles in a population) remains a constant. This is called genetic equilibrium. Sum total of all the allelic frequencies is 1. Individual frequencies, for example, can be named p, q, etc. In a diploid, p and q represent the frequency of allele A and allele a. The frequency of AA individuals in a population is simply p². This is simply stated in other ways, i.e., the probability that an allele A with a frequency of p appear on both the chromosomes of a diploid individual is simply the product of the probabilities, i.e., p². Similarly. that of aa is q², of Aa 2pq. Hence, p²+2pq+q²=1, is a binomial expansion of (p+q)².By given data
[tex]q2=16%[/tex]%
[tex]q2=\frac{16}{100}=0.16[/tex]
[tex]q=0.4[/tex]
[tex]p=1-0.4=0.6[/tex]
[tex]2pq=2(0.6)(0.4)=0.48[/tex]
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The autonomic nervous system has ___________ lower motor neuron(s) in each pathway.
The autonomic nervous system has _two_ lower motor neuron(s) in each pathway.
It extends from the central nervous system to innervate cardiac & smooth muscle and glands.
What is autonomic nervous system?The peripheral nervous system's autonomic nervous system controls physiological functions that are carried out automatically, such as digestion, blood pressure, respiration, and sexual desire. There are three anatomically separate divisions in it: enteric, parasympathetic, and sympathetic.Enteric nervous system:The enteric nervous system (ENS), a partially autonomous component of the nervous system, is made up of a number of neuronal circuits that regulate immunological and endocrine activity as well as motor and local blood flow.Parasympathetic nervous system:The body's autonomic nervous system includes the parasympathetic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system, which regulates the body's fight-or-flight response, is its partner. The body's capacity for relaxation is governed by the parasympathetic nervous system. The phrase "relax and digest" has been used to describe it.Sympathetic nervous system:The body's quick, unconscious reaction to hazardous or stressful circumstances is controlled by the sympathetic nervous system. The body's attentiveness and heart rate are increased by a sudden surge of hormones, which increases the flow of blood to the muscles.To learn more about autonomic nervous system visit:
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Gluconeogenesis uses the same enzymatic reactions of glycolysis except for the?
With the exception of the three irreversible events in glycolysis, gluconeogenesis utilizes the same enzyme processes as glycolysis.
Glycolysis & Gluconeogenesis:
In contrast to gluconeogenesis, which is crucial for sustaining blood glucose levels during hunger, glycolysis is a catabolic process that hydrolyzes glucose to produce energy and biosynthetic intermediates.In the catabolic route of glycolysis, glucose is converted to pyruvate. The anabolic route known as glucose conduction produces glucose from non-carbohydrate sources like glycerol and glucogenic peptides. Pyruvate turns into glucose during the process of gluconeogenesis.The general consensus would be that glycolysis and gluconeogenesis don't happen at the same time within similar cells, instead, that metabolic circumstances or allosteric effectors that drive flux along one pathway repress flow in the other direction.Original question:
1) Gluconeogenesis uses the same enzymatic reactions of glycolysis except for the ________.
A) pyruvate kinase catalyzed step
B) 4 irreversible reactions in glycolysis
C) 3 irreversible reactions in glycolysis
D) 2 irreversible reactions in glycolysis
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An igneous rock has large red, black, and green crystals. How else can this rock be accurately described? Fine texture cooled quickly intrusive origin created by lava
Igenous rocks are created by lava colling and cristalization. They can be either intrusive (slow cooling) or extrusive (fast cooling). The option that includes all ingeous rocks is D). created by lava.
What is an igneous rock?Igenous rocks come straight from the interior of the Earth.
A liquid mass of silicate composition coming from the Earth's core erupts out of a volcano as lava.
Since this melted mass comes from the Earth's interior, its temperature is extremely high.
Lava begins to cool and solidify during its ascent to the Earth's surface.
Igneous rocks are produced by the magma cooling and cristalizing when they get in touch with air.
Thre are two types of igneous rocks
• plutonic rocks ⇒ close to the terrestrial crust ⇒ intrusive ⇒ slow cooling
• volcanic rocks ⇒ on the surface ⇒ extrusive ⇒ quick cooling
Among the options, there are three descriptions that match the igneous rocks,
cooled quickly ⇒ this is the case of extrusive rocks, when lava gets in contact with cold air and quickly cristalizes.intrusive origin ⇒ this is the case of magma that slowly cristalizes near the crustcreated by lava ⇒ this is the case of all igneous rocks.If we need to find only one of these options, we could choose option D, created by lava, since it involves all types of ingeous rocks.
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what was Mendels Pea experiment? summary for notes
Glucagon and insulin have antagonistic effects. glucagon signaling results in an increase in blood glucose concentration. What do you expect is the result of insulin signaling?
Since Glucagon and insulin have antagonistic effects, if glucagon signals increase in blood glucose concentration, insulin would result in a decrease in blood glucose concentration.
Glucagon and insulin are both important hormones that play essential roles in regulating your blood glucose (sugar).
Both hormones come from your pancreas — alpha cells in your pancreas make and release glucagon, and beta cells in your pancreas make and release insulin.
The two hormones counterbalance each other to stabilize blood glucose. When blood glucose levels fall too low (low blood glucose), the pancreas pumps out more glucagon.
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The ____________ collect bile produced in the hepatic lobules and deliver it to the hepatic ducts on their way to the ____________ for storage
The bile ductules collect bile produced in the hepatic lobules and deliver it to the hepatic ducts on their way to the gall bladder for storage.
Bile produced by the liver cells is gathered by a network of ducts that exit the liver through the right and left hepatic ducts. The common hepatic duct is where these channels ultimately empty. The common bile duct is created when the gallbladder's cystic duct and the common hepatic duct combine.
Bile, a substance made up of fluid, fat, and cholesterol, is kept in the gallbladder. Your intestines need bile to break down fat from diet. The small intestine receives bile from the gallbladder. Numerous digestive fluids and hormones, including insulin, are produced by this organ.
Therefore, The bile ductules collect bile produced in the hepatic lobules and deliver it to the hepatic ducts on their way to the gall bladder for storage.
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how do carbon dioxide and oxygen move in and out of a mesophyll cell
In this composition, ____ suggests the balance of the cosmos and the ancestors, providing sustenance for humans.
In this composition, symmetry suggests the balance of the cosmos and the ancestors, providing sustenance for humans.
In common parlance, the term "symmetry" describes a sense of lovely proportion and balance. More exact meaning of "symmetry" can be found in mathematics, where it typically refers to an object that is unaffected by certain transformations like translation, reflection, rotation, or scaling. The development of symmetry Similar to all other characteristics of organisms, symmetry (or asymmetry) develops as a result of natural selection for the organism's benefit. This involves variations in symmetry-related gene frequency across time.
Each object has its own unique pattern and symmetry. Symmetry breaking is viewed by scientists as the process of creating new patterns. In order to categorize unanticipated changes in shape, broken symmetries are crucial. New patterns in nature emerge as a result of symmetry breakdown.
American physicist Alan Lightman claims that symmetry is something that human brains actively seek to perceive. He claims that "the reason must be partially psychological." We desire order in this crazy universe we live in, and symmetry signifies order. It aids in our understanding of the environment.
The complete question is:
In this composition, ____ suggests the balance of the cosmos and the ancestors, providing sustenance for humans. (image looks like an X)
A. texture
B. symmetry
C. rhythm
D. color
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If a parent cell of a sexually-reproducing species has 28 chromosomes, the number of chromosomes in the gamete would be
Neurons in the hypothalamus regulate the activity of secretory cells in the anterior pituitary gland by:________
Neurons in the hypothalamus regulate the activity of secretory cells in the anterior pituitary gland by releasing hormones. Pituitary gland basically store the hormones which is produce by the hypothalamus.
Hypothalamus connect the nervous and endocrine systems by way of the pituitary gland. Both are connected directly to the pituitary gland by a thin stalk which is called infundibulum.
Its main function is to secrete releasing hormones and inhibiting hormones that stimulate the production of hormones in the anterior pituitary. FSH and LH both are produce and secret gonadotropins which regulated by the hypothalami releasing hormone, GnRH. These are the releasing hormones which control the release of another hormone.
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